LIBRARY 


THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 


PRESENTED  BY 

PROF.  CHARLES  A.  KOFOID  AND 
MRS.  PRUDENCE  W.  KOFOID 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CflTTLE. 


A  HISTORY  OF  THE  BREED 


AND    ITS 


DEVELOPMENT  IN   AMERICA. 


A    COMPLETE    LIST   OF    ALL   PRIVATE    AND    AUTHENTICATED 
MILK    AND    BUTTER   YIELDS;    METHODS   OF    BREED- 
ING,   HANDLING,    FEEDING   AND    SHOWING. 


OVER   ONE  HUNDRED  ILLUSTRATIONS   OF  FAMOUS  CATTLE  AND 
BIOGRAPHIES  OF  LEADING  BREEDERS,  ETC.,  ETC. 


BY 

FREDERICK  L.  HOUGHTON, 

Editor  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Register;  Secretary  and  Editor  of  the  Holstein-Friesian 

Association  of  America. 


BRATTLEBORO,  VT. : 

PRESS  OF  THE  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  REGISTER. 
1897. 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1897,  by 

FREDERICK  L.  HOUGHTON, 
In  the  office  of  the  Librarian  of  Congress,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 


AGRIC. 
IIBRARY 


PREFACE. 


TN  PREPARING  this  work  free  use  has  been  made  of  all  available 
*  writings,  including  among  other  works  the  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  REGIS- 
TER and  the  Holstein  and  Dutch-Friesian  Herd  Books,  to  which  due 
acknowledgment  is  made. 

Grateful  acknowledgment  is  made  of  the  very  valuable  assistance 
of  that  profound  dairy  student  and  originator  of  the  Advanced  Registry 
system,  Mr.  Solomon  Hoxie,  and  to  those  enterprising  owners  of  Holstein- 
Friesian  cattle  upon  whose  advance  subscription  of  over  fourteen  hundred 
copies  this  work  is  published. 


CONTENTS. 


CHAPTER.  PAGE. 

I— Historical— Holland,  a  Cow's  Paradise, 9 

II — Ancestry  of  the  Breed — System  of  Dairying — Asa  Race  Stock — 

Earliest  American  Importations.         ......        14 

III — Prof.  Roberts'  Observations — J.  H.  Klippart's  Description,         .        18 
IV— Holland— Dutch  Farm  Houses  and  Stables— Methods  of  Hand- 
ling—Hay Making— Stabling  in  Holland,  ....        22 

V — How  Breed  was  Developed — Spread  of  the  Breed  in  Europe,      .        31 
VI— Milk— Quantity  Yielded— Prof.   Hengerveld  — Prof.  Stewart- 
King  of  Wirtemberg's  Records— Klippart's  Reports  of  Rec- 
ords— Average  Yield  in  Holland, 37 

VII — The  Breed  in  America — Records  at  Shadeland — Some  Remark- 
able Instances — Piertertje  2d,  etc. — Largest  Yearly  Records 

—Actual  Results, 41 

VIII — Quality  of  Milk  —  Microscopic  Appearance  —  Butter  Exports 
from  Holland — Comparison  with  Other  Breeds — Cheese  Pro- 
duction— Analyses  of  Milk — J.  Van  der  Breggen's  Statistics,  .  51 

IX— Acclimation— Flexibility, 59 

X — As  a  Butter  Breed — Friesland's  Production— American  Experi- 
ences :  Wells,  Dudley,  Yeomans,  Wales,  Smiths  &  Powell 
Co.,  Powell  Bros.,  M.  E.  Moore,  Butcher,  W.  S.  Morse,  Gillett 
&  Son— Clothilde  2d — Parthenea's  Record — Natsey — Smiths 
&  Powell's  Heifers— Pauline  Paul — Iowa  Station — Smiths  & 

Powell, 61 

XI — Dairy  Yields — Grade  Holsteins, 78 

XII — Michigan  Agricultural  College, 84 

XIII— In  Public  Competition, 89 

XIV— Tests  at  Experiment  Stations, 115 

XV — Holstein-Friesian  Advanced  Registry,   ......       121 

XVI — Scale  of  Points  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association,  .         .       130 

XVII— Value  of  Holstein-Friesian  Cattle  for  Beef  and  Veal,          .        .135 

XVIII— As  a  General  Purpose  Cattle, 153 

XIX— Feeding  for  Butter  Fat  and  Milk, 159 

XX— Feeding, 163 

XXI — Balanced  Rations,  for  Calf,  for  Milk  and  Growing  Weanlings 
and  Yearlings — For  Heifers — For  Cows  Due  in  the  Spring — 
For  Milk,  Butter  and  Development — For  Large  Cows,      .         .       169 
XXII — Families  of  the  Breed  :     Aaggie,  Netherland,  Clothilde,  Artis, 

Aegis,  Johanna,  Wayne,  Mutual  Friend,  Pauline  Paul,    .         .       178 

XXIII— Care  of  the  Cow  at  Calving, 197 

XXIV— Rearing  of  Calves  for  the  Dairy,     .        .        .         ...        .        .205 

XXV— The  Selection  of  a  Sire, 223 

XXVI— Preparing  for  the  Show  Ring 231 

XXVII — Some  American  Breeders,  illustrated  with  27  Portraits,      .         .       241 
XXVIII-Milk  and  Butter  Records,  305 


LIST  OF  ILLUSTRATIONS. 


PAGE 

Pauline  Paul,  .....      frontispiece 

Aaggie  Family,       ......  12 

Aaggie2d,        .......  16 

Aegis,        ......         .    •    .  19 

Aegis'  Netherland  Prince,    ....  23 

Amleto  .........  26 

America,  ........  29 

Averts  Oxen  .......  32 

Billy  Boelyn,    .......  36 

Bowen,      ........  40 

Burly,        ........  44 


Boonstra, 

Calamity  Jane,        .       .       . 

Carlotta  and  Calf, 

Clothilde  5th"s  Netherland 

Castine 

Clothilde  Family 

Clothilde, 

Count  Clothilde, 


46 

.       .       48 
52 
56 
59 
63 
68 
71 
Constantyn,     .......       76 

Chief  of  Maple  Hill  4th  .....       79 

Count  Aaggie  Clothilde,        ....       82 

HowtjeD  .........       84 

Belle  Sarcastic,       ......       85 

Rosa  Bonheur  5th,  ......        88 

Copia,       ........       91 

Colantha  .........       94 

DeKol2d,        .......       97 

De  Brave  Hendrik,         .....      100 

DeRuiter,        .......      103 

De  Schott  and  Twin  Calves,  ....      105 

DeVries  .........      108 

Ethelka,    ........      110 

Ethelzeda,        .......      113 

Eunice  Clay,    ......  115 

Genesta2d,      .......      117 

Gerben  .........      120 

Hykolina,         .......      122 

Inka4th,  .......        .124 

lolena  Fairmount,  ......      125 

Jaap4th  .........      127 

Jacoba  Hartog,       ......      129 

Jamaica  and  Calf,  ......      131 

Jepma2d,         .......      133 

Jacob  2d,  ........      136 

Jewel,        ........      138 

Jewel  2d,  ........      140 

Jewel  Echo,     .       .       .       .       .       .       .142 

Johanna,  ........      144 

Tietje  2d,  ........      224 

Tettje  Jan/en,         ......      226 

Texelaar,  ........     228 


PAGE 

Johanna  5th, 146 

Koningin  Van  Friesland  5th,        .       .       .147 

Koningin  Van  Friesland  Pietertje,     .       .  149 

Lady  DeVries, 150 

Lady  of  Broek  2d, 152 

Lakeside  Clarissa, 154 

Lutscke, .155 

Maid  of  Vernon, 156 

Maude  D., .  158 

Margaret  Lincoln  2d's  De  Kol,     ...  160 
Mechtchilde,     .       .       .       .       .       .       .162 

Mercedes ,       .  164 

Mercedes  2d,    .......  166 

Mercedes  3d,    .       .       .       .       .       .       .168 

Mink, 170 

Mooie 172 

Netherland  Alban, 173 

Netherland  Baroness 175 

Netherland  Consul  and  Ideal's  Lena,  .        .177 

Netherland  Dowager, 178 

Netherland  Duchess, 179 

Netherland  Family 180 

Netherland  Queen, 182 

Netherland  Statesman's  Cornelius,     .        .  184 

Netherland  Prince, 185 

Oakland  Chief , 187 

Ononis 187 

Parthenea's  2d  Sir  Henry 189 

Parana  Abbekerk  2d 191 

Paul  Alban  De  Kol, 193 

Pietertje2d1s  Koningin,        ....  194 

Prince  of  Altidjwerk, 196 

Prince  of  Edam, 198 

Princess  of  Wayne  and  Calf ,        ...  200 

Princess  of  Wayne  3d 202 

Queen  of  Wayne  and  Calf,    ....  204 

Royal  Aaggie, 206 

Netherland  Hengerveld,        ....  208 

Rhoda, 210 

Rijaneta 211 

Schuiling, 212 

Shadeland  Boon 214 

Sir  Jewel  Echo  Mechtchilde,        .       .       .216 

De  Kol  2d's  Pauline 217 

Sir  Netherland  Clothilde,      ....  218 

Sir  Newton  of  Aaggie, 219 

Sjoerd,       ........  220 

Soldene  2d1s  Netherland,       ....  221 

Soldene  2d's  Clothilde 222 

Vaseline, 236 

Violet 287 

Violet  V.  Boelyn, 239 


LIST  OF  ILLUSTRATIONS. 


PAGE 

PAGE 

Third  Unadilla  Twisk,    . 

.      230 

Violet  Family,         .... 

.      316 

Tritomia,  .... 

.      232 

Vreda,       

.      318 

Tirania's  Sir  Mechthilde 

233 

Yuinne, 

322 

Tirannia,   .... 

.      234 

Zozo,          

.      322 

Uncle  Tom, 

.      235 

SOME  AMERICAN  BREEDERS. 

PAGE 

PAGE 

Ayers  Augustine  R., 

.      240 

Hoxie  Solomon,      .... 

.      280 

Bedell  E.  T.,     . 

.      242 

Huidekoper  Edgar, 

.      282 

Benninger  W.  M.,    . 

.      244 

JuddLeroyF.,         .... 

.      284 

Breuer  H.  F.  W.,     . 

.      246 

Krueger  C.  H., 

.      286 

Burchard  S.,     . 

.      248 

Langdon  S.  A., 

.      288 

Burke  Frank  H.,     . 

.      250 

La  Grange  J.  W.,    .... 

.      290 

Chenery  Winthrop  W.,  . 

.      252 

Moore  M.  E.,    

.      292 

Coley  J.  W.,     . 

.      254 

Nauman  B.,      .        .                .        . 

.      294 

Dodge  Thomas  H.,  . 

.      256 

Powell  E.  A.,    

.      296 

Downer  L.  A., 

.       258 

Roe  Frank,       

.      298 

Du  Bois  Solomon,    . 

.      260 

Smith  E.  F.,     

.      300 

Gardner  Malcolm  II.,     . 

.      262 

Stevens  Henry,       .... 

.      302 

GillettW.  J.,    . 

.       264 

Stone  J.  L.,      

.      304 

Hallman  A.  C., 

.      266 

TrexlerE.  W.,         .... 

.      306 

Ham  J.  M.,       . 

.      268 

Wood  Don  J.,  

.      308 

Harp  John  D., 

.      270 

Woodyard  J.  F.,      . 

.      310 

Harriman  Fred  E., 

.      272 

Wright  S.  N.,   

.      312 

Haviland  Joseph,    . 

.      274 

Whitcomb  J.  H.  D  , 

.      314 

Holdemann  H.  N.,  . 

.      276 

YeomansT.  G., 

.      316 

Houghton  Charles, 

.      278 

HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


CHAPTER  I. 

HISTORICAL — HOLLAND,   A  COW'S  PARADISE. 

The  first  importation  to  America  of  cattle  from  Holland  was  undoubtedly 
made  by  the  early  Dutch  settlers.  The  history  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  breed 
in  America,  probably,  begins  with  the  importation  sent  out  to  John  Lincklaen, 
agent  of  the  Holland  Land  Company  at  Cazenovia,  Madison  Co.,  New  York,  in 
1795.  These  early  importations  had  but  little  permanent  effect  upon  the  cattle 
of  the  country,  and  the  first  really  practical  work  of  introducing  the  great 
Dutch  Dairy  breed  began  with  the  importations  of  Winthrop  W.  Chenery,  of 
Belmont,  Mass.,  in  1861.  There  is  so  much  of  interest  in  this  wonderful  breed 
that  you  turn  to  ancient  history  for  details  of  its  origin,  but  with  meagre  satis- 
faction, however.  The  historian  Motley  said,  in  speaking  of  Holland  in  the 
seventeenth  century:  "On  that  scrap  of  solid  ground  rescued  by  human  energy 
from  the  ocean,  were  the  most  fertile  pastures  in  the  world,  an  ox  often  weighed 
2,000  Ibs.,  the  cows  produced  two  and  three  calves  at  a  time,  and  the  sheep  four 
and  five  lambs.  In  a  single  village  4,000  kine  were  counted.  Butter  and  cheese 
were  exported  to  the  annual  value  of  one  million  dollars,  salted  provisions  to 
an  incredible  extent.  The  farmers  were  industrious,  thriving  and  independent." 

A  French  historian,  writing  in  1350,  says  :  "  At  a  certain  siege  the  besieged 
could  only  receive  their  supply  of  butter  from  Holland,  which  had  been  fam- 
ous for  its  dairy  products  for  five  hundred  years." 

Along  the  western  shores  of  the  European  continent,  between  the  51st 
and  54th  parallels,  the  stnall  kingdom  of  the  Netherlands  stretches  its  sandy 
dunes  and  mighty  dikes,  whereby  this  low  and  level  country  is  guarded  against 
the  ravages  of  the  North  Sea.  As  a  nation  its  inhabitants  have  made  their 
mark  in  the  history  of  the  world.  As  a  colonial  power  it  still  ranks  only  second 
to  England,  and  as  a  dairy  country  it  attracts  the  attention  of  breeders  of  dairy 
cattle  in  all  parts  of  the  world.  The  wonderful  adaptability  of  the  soil  and 
climate  has  brought  about  the  rearing  and  breeding  of  cattle,  from  the  very 
moment  that  the  low  lands  of  Northwestern  Europe  became  inhabited  by  the 
Friesians  and  Batavians. 

From  the  earliest  accounts  of  the  Friesian  people  they  have  dwelt  upon 
the  shores  of  the  North  Sea  and  possessed  herds  of  cattle,  from  which  they 
derived  their  chief  means  of  support.  Their  history  commences  about  three 
hundred  years  before  the  Christian  era.  They  then  inhabited  a  country 
between  the  river  Ems  and  the  middle  arm  of  the  Rhine.  From  whence  they 
came  is  a  matter  of  conjecture.  There  is  a  tradition  that  their  progenitors 
came  out  of  India  and  that  the  mother  of  the  race  was  as  white  as  snow.  They 
appear,  even  at  that  early  date,  to  have  been  a  peaceable  people,  loving  pastoral 
pursuits.  If  it  is  true  that  they  came  from  Central  Asia  it  is  probable  that 
they  brought  their  cattle  with  them  and  that  they  journeyed  westward  to  the 
shores  of  the  North  Sea  in  search  of  pasturage.  Two  hundred  years  later  a 
German  tribe  came  out  of  Hesse,  a  district  on  the  upper  Rhine,  where  they 
were  living  in  hostility  with  their  neighbors,  and  settled  on  the  shores  of  the 
North  Sea  near  the  Friesians.  They  first  occupied  an  island  formed  by  the 
rivers  Rhine,  Maas  and  Waal,  to  which  they  gave  the  name  of  Batavia.  They 
were  also  breeders  of  cattle,  but  whether  they  brought  their  herds  with  them 
or  obtained  them  from  the  Friesians  is  unknown.  It  has  been  conjectured  that 
they  brought  their  cattle  with  them  and  that  their  cattle  were  black  ;  that 


10  HOLSTEIN -FR1ESI AN   CATTLE. 

the  Friesian  cattle  at  this  time  were  a  pure  white  and  from  the  cross  of 
the  two  the  foundation  of  the  present  Holstein-Friesian  breed  was  laid.  What- 
ever may  have  been  the  fact,  the  cattle  of  these  two  tribes  henceforth  appear 
identical  in  history.  The  Roman  historians,  who  wrote  at  the  beginning  of  the 
Christian  era,  speak  of  these  tribes  as  owning  many  cattle.  Caesar  says,  "  they 
used  them  in  traffic  with  one  another  and  gave  them  as  dowry  to  their 
children."  Tacitus  repeats  the  information,  but  says  that  *'  their  cattle  did  not 
excel  in  beauty."  Very  little  is  said  of  their  appearance  and  characteristics. 
We  learn,  however,  that  some  of  them  were  white  and  that  cattle  of  this  color 
were  held  in  religious  veneration.  From  this  we  naturally  infer  that  white 
cattle  were  not  common  and  that  the  great  majority  were  then  piebald  as  at 
the  present  day.  The  conditions  under  which  they  were  kept  must  have  ren- 
dered them  rough  and  uncouth  in  appearance.  The  system  of  diking  and 
draining  that  has  made  the  provinces  of  North  Holland  and  Friesland  one  of 
the  best  grass  producing  sections  of  the  earth  was  then  scarcely  begun  and  the 
whole  country  must  have  been  largely  a  succession  of  lakes,  marshes,  sand-hills 
and  fertile  strips  along  the  water  courses,  subject  to  frequent  inundation. 
Grasses  poor  in  quality,  dwarf  on  the  sand  hills  and  rank  in  the  marshes,  must 
have  prevailed  and  constituted  their  only  food,  both  in  summer  and  in  winter. 
The  limited  forests  that  may  have  existed  in  some  sections  may  have  afforded 
them  partial  shelter  from  the  terrible  storms  that  swept  over  the  country  from 
the  North  Sea.  Yet  we  conclude  that  their  owners,  from  the  earliest  times, 
were  compelled  to  share  their  own  rude  dwellings  with  them  in  the  severest 
weather.  About  the  beginning  of  the  Christian  era  these  two  tribes  came 
virtually  under  the  Roman  yoke,  although  in  the  form  of  an  alliance  with  the 
Roman  power.  The  Friesians  from  this  time  forward,  to  the  close  of  the  Roman 
power,  paid  an  annual  tax  of  ox  hides  and  ox  horns  to  the  Roman  government. 
In  lieu  of  this  tax  the  Batavians  furnished  a  contingent  of  soldiers  to  the 
Roman  army,  commanded  by  their  own  officers,  which  became  especially  dis- 
tinguished in  the  various  Roman  wars.  In  this  contrast  of  action  the  two 
tribes  are  illustrated  very  plainly  in  character.  The  Friesians  in  their  love  of 
pastoral  pursuits  preferred  the  breeding  of  cattle  to  the  honors  of  war.  The 
love  which  has  always  characterized  them  has  bound  them  together  and  kept 
them  a  distinct  people  for  more  than  two  thousand  years.  It  has  also  made 
them  most  conservative  and  has  kept  them  breeding  the  same  strain  of  cattle 
unadulterated,  except  from  accidental  circumstances,  from  the  earliest 
knowledge  of  them  to  the  present  time.  Rich  river  bottoms  were  protected 
from  the  flood,  lakes  and  bays  reclaimed  and  the  well-known  Polders  appeared, 
whose  inexhaustible  fruitfulness  still  makes  the  meadows  of  the  Netherlands 
unsurpassed  in  the  production  of  grass,  cattle  and  dairy  products.  During  the 
thirteenth,  fourteenth,  fifteenth  and  sixteenth  centuries,  the  production  of  but- 
ter and  cheese,  especially  in  the  provinces  of  North  and  South  Holland,  was  sim- 
ply enormous,  and  history  tells,  also,  of  remarkably  heavy  meat  cattle,  weighing 
from  twenty-six  hundred  to  three  thousand  pounds,  and  presented  to  princes 
and  warriors  in  these  turbulent  times. 

With  the  Roman  dominion  came  Roman  improvements  in  the  system  of 
cattle  raising,  but  no  mixture  of  blood  in  the  people  or  in  the  cattle.  Diking 
and  draining  were  systematized  and  greatly  extended.  Many  of  the  great  allu- 
vial meadows,  which  distinguished  this  lowland  country,  were  then  produced. 
Improved  methods  of  feeding  and  management  of  cattle  followed.  The 
dwellings  became  immense  structures,  designed  as  much  for  the  protection  of 
cattle  as  for  the  comfort  of  the  family.  Larger  estates  were  occupied.  Prof. 
Hengerveld  describes  one  of  these  ancient  estates,  several  of  which  remain  at 
the  present  time  :  "  The  Manor  House,  with  its  various  stables,  was  surrounded 
by  kitchen  gardens,  parks,  meadows,  duck  ponds,  dikes,  canals  and  ditches; 
by  peasant  cottages,  with  their  cow  stables  and  granaries,  while  the  whole  was 
enclosed  in  the  encircling  of  some  river  formation."  He  continues:  "It  is  true 
from  that  time  to  the  present  many  changes  have  been  effected,  and  the  estates 
are  less  extensive,  but  in  the  main  everything  shows  imitation  of  the  ancient 
Roman  villa."  He  says,  in  substance,  that  the  method  and  purpose  for  which 
they  have  continued  breeding  cattle  to  the  present  time  have  essentially 
remained  unchanged.  The  preservation  of  the  Friesian  people  and  their  con- 
tinued adhesion  to  cattle  breeding  for  more  than  two  thousand  years  is  one  of 
the  marvels  of  history.  Always  few  in  number,  the  conflicts  of  war  and 
commerce  have  raged  over  and  around  them,  yet  they  have  remained  in  or  near 


A  COW'S  PARADISE.  11 


their  original  home,  continuously  following  their  original  pursuits.  Their 
farm  houses  are  fashioned  after  the  same  general  model ;  such  a  farm  house 
resembles  a  great  castle  and  is  still  surrounded  by  a  broad  deep  ditch,  impass- 
able, except  by  some  artificial  means.  Over  this  are  thrown  one  or  more 
bridges,  guarded  by  strong  gates  and  heavy  bolts.  The  immense  roof  of  this 
farm  house  covers  everything  that  requires  protection.  Here  the  cattle  find 
shelter  during  the  long  and  rigorous  winter  months.  Here  they  are  fed  and 
watched  for  months  without  being  turned  from  the  door.  Here  "the  family  are 
also  sheltered,  sometimes  with  only  a  single  partition  between  the  cattle  stalls 
and  the  kitchen.  Everything  is  kept  with  a  degree  of  neatness  marvelous  to 
those  not  accustomed  to  such  system. 

The  cattle  become  the  pets  of  the  household.  At  the  opening  of  spring,  when 
the  grass  is  sufficiently  grown,  they  are  taken  to  the  fields  and  cared  for  in  the 
most  quiet  manner.  They  are  never  worried  by  dogs  and  are  required  to  move 
about  only  to  gather  their  food.  The  grasses  upon  which  they  feed  are  very 
rich  and  luxuriant.  On  the  first  appearance  of  winter  they  are  returned  to  the 
stable  and  the  simple  round  of  the  year  is  completed.  This  round  is  repeated 
year  after  year  until  they  are  six  or  seven  years  of  age,  when  they  are  driven  to 
the  shambles.  Their  object  is  always  to  produce  as  much  milk  and  beef  as  pos- 
sible from  the  same  animal.  With  this  two-fold  object  in  view,  selection, 
breeding  and  feeding  have  been  continued  for  ages  by  a  whole  race  of  farmers. 
They  have  had  few  men  of  remarkable  genius  that  have  risen  far  above  their 
fellows  in  the  work  of  improvement,  but  each  breeder  has  contributed  his  share 
without  special  recognition.  They  have  never  tolerated  in-and-in  breeding, 
and  have  never  produced  (distinct)  families  of  marked  superiority,  although  dif- 
ferences in  soil  in  different  localities  have  produced  different  classes,  varying  in 
size  and  slightly  in  other  characteristics.  On  the  richest  soils  the  finest  cattle 
are  produced. 

The  Hollanders  have  been  specialists,  in  fact,  for  many  generations.  A 
visitor  among  them  in  the  summer  time  is  struck  by  the  number  of  cattle  that 
occupy  their  fields.  Herds  of  cows  are  on  every  hand.  The  land  seems  wholly 
given  up  to  them. 

There  is  no  fruit  growing,  very  little  grain  raising,  and  nothing  similar  to 
what  they  call  mixed  husbandry.  The  care  of  cows,  the  gathering  of  food  for 
them,  the  manufacture  and  disposal  of  their  products,  occupy  the  attention  of 
the  people  to  an  extent  that  it  is  difficult  to  comprehend  by  one  who  has  not 
been  among  them.  These  dairy  men  are  mostly  tenant  farmers,  the  fee  simple 
of  the  soil,  as  in  England  and  many  other  parts  of  Europe  long  under  the 
ancient  feudal  system,  is  in  the  hands  of  large  land  holders,  who,  as  a  rule,  do 
not  reside  among  them. 

To  Americans  the  rents  paid  by  these  dairymen  seem  enormous.  Upon 
the  best  lands  an  annual  rent  of  from  fifteen  to  twenty  dollars  per  acre  is  paid. 
The  soil  is  fertile,  yet  it  is  no  better  than  the  superior  dairy  land  of  America. 
Their  abilities  to  pay  such  rents  depend  largely  upon  the  economy  and  skill 
with  which  they  handle  their  herds  and  the  character  of  the  cattle. 

A  lady  traveler,  Eleanor  H.  Patterson,  recently  returned  from  Holland, 
writes  of  it  as  a  cow's  paradise.  She  says:  "Washed,  combed,  groomed,  petted 
and  luxuriantly  stabled  in  winter,  like  the  finest  of  our  race  horses,  and  put  to 
graze  in  flowery,  well- watered  green  fields  in  summer,  the  cows  of  Holland  can 
envy  no  animal  the  world  over. 

"The  two  lions  represented  upon  the  heraldic  shield  of  the  Netherlands 
might  well  be  replaced  by  two  great  black  and  white  Holstein-Friesian  cows, 
for  the  masses  of  the  people  worship  cows.  Cows  they  watch  sometimes  with 
more  care  than  they  give  their  own  children,  cows  they  nurse  through  sick- 
ness, cows  they  save  their  money  to  buy,  and  of  cows  they  talk  while  awake 
and  dream  while  asleep ! 

"Children  are  brought  up  with  the  parental  reverence  for  cows,  and  no 
member  of  the  human  family  is  thought  too  good  to  sleep  under  the  same  roof 
with  the  beloved  kine.  The  traveler  landing  in  Holland  during  the  springtime 
will  see  vast  herds  of  fine  cattle  in  every  stretch  of  green  meadows,  and  green 
meadows  are  everywhere  in  this  fiat  and  almost  treeless  country.  Every 
shadeless  field  is  defined  by  a  stream  of  pure  water  flowing  between  trim, 
flowery  banks,  which  serve  instead  of  fences  to  keep  the  cattle  within  bounds. 

"A  grotesque  sight  to  people  from  countries  where  cows  are  not  of  the  first 
importance  is  the  spectacle  of  the  most  delicate  and  valuable  cows  enveloped 


A   COW'S  PARADISE.  13 


in  canvas  covering.  The  costly  creatures,  lately  freed  from  their  warm  winter 
quarters,  are  apt  to  take  cold  from  the  inclemencies  of  the  early  spring,  hence 
their  blankets  are  not  removed  until  the  weather  becomes  safely  warm.  The 
cattle  remain  under  the  blue  vault  of  heaven  day  and  night  from  the  first  of 
May  until  the  first  of  November,  then  they  are  taken  into  the  cow-houses  to 
remain  through  the  cold  Holland  winter.  During  the  summer  the  cows  are 
milked  twice  a  day  in  the  field. 

"  Cow  stable  is  to  us  a  name  for  an  humble  and  unclean  edifice,  but  a  cow 
stable  in  Holland  has  another  meaning.  No  parlor  is  purer  nor  more  carefully 
tended  than  the  habitation  of  the  much  loved  kine.  The  busy  Dutch  farmer 
does  not  usually  care  to  give  any  of  his  time  to  curiosity  seekers,  and  it  is  not 
always  easy  for  the  stranger  to  gain  admission  to  his  household,  but  we  secured 
a  letter  to  a  farrner  near  Broek,  in  North  Holland,  which  admitted  us  to  his 
cow-house  and  to  his  residence  at  the  same  time.  Both  were  under  one  roof. 
Cow  stable  and  parlor  adjoined,  and  one  was  quite  as  clean  as  the  other.  We 
were  conducted  to  the  stable  first,  which  in  reality,  was  a  wide  hall  with  a  strip 
of  oilcloth  down  the  centre.  Rows  of  tiny  square  windows,  high  up  on  both 
sides,  were  curtained  with  spotless  lace  or  thin  white  net  tied  back  with 
ribbon  ;  pots  of  blooming  flowers  were  set  on  the  sills  of  the  windows  looking 
south.  Beneath  each  curtained  window  was  a  cow-stall,  there  were  twenty-six 
in  all — such  luxuriant  and  dainty  little  places !  On  the  floors,  which  were  of 
porcelain,  a  thick  layer  of  clean  white  sawdust  had  been  placed,  and  this  was 
stamped  into  patterns  of  stars  and  wheels  and  various  geometrical  designs. 
Of  course  the  return  of  the  cows  from  the  fields  to  their  winter  quarters  breaks 
these  pretty  sawdust  designs  into  a  confused  mass,  but  during  the  summer  they 
are  carefully  preserved  thus.  Before  and  behind  each  row  of  stalls  runs  a 
trough  of  clear  water — the  first  for  the  cow  to  drink  from,  the  second  to  wash 
away  all  impurities.  In  the  ceiling  behind  every  stall  is  fixed  a  kind  of  iron 
hook,  whose  strange  and  ludicrous  office  is  to  hold  high  in  the  air  the  cow's  tail 
that  she  may  not  soil  that  carefully  combed  member.  One  wonders  that  the 
cows'  tails  after  many  generations  of  this  tying  up  process  do  not  grow  straight 
up.  One  extravagant  book  of  travels  tries  to  make  us  believe  that  the  tails  are 
often  tied  with  blue  ribbon,  but  this  we  found  to  be  an  exaggeration. 

"It  is  not,  however,  an  exaggeration  that  the  cattle  every  day  during  the 
winter  are  washed  off  with  warm  soap  suds,  dried,  rubbed,  coddled  and  talked 
to  as  if  they  were  children,  that  the  air  of  the  stable  is  as  pure  as  the 
atmosphere  outside,  and  that  no  pains  are  spared  to  keep  them  healthy  and 
comfortable.  Under  such  kind  treatment  they  become  such  plump,  glossy  and 
gentle  animals  that  they  repay  their  owners  by  an  enormous  quantity  of  milk. 

"Leading  us  from  the  cow  stable  into  an  adjoining  apartment,  the  farmer's 
wife  showed  us  long  rows  of  cheese  presses  containing  round,  firm  Edam 
cheeses  which  would  be  ready  to  remove  from  their  moulds  after  thirty-six 
hours  of  pressure.  Every  press,  every  bowl,  every  churn,  every  linen  cloth, 
every  pot  and  pan  used  in  the  making  of  this  cheese  spoke  of  the  most  absolute 
cleanliness  and  told  of  the  hours  of  washing  and  scrubbing  and  rubbing.  After 
seeing  the  sweetness  of  the  cheese-making  process  in  Holland,  I  made  a  vow  to 
eat  Dutch  cheese  whenever  I  could  get  it.  In  cleanliness  and  purity  it  can  be 
excelled  by  no  manufactured  article  of  food  in  the  world.  '  Clean,  clean,  clean,' 
we  repeated  again  and  again,  and  the  rosy  little  farmer's  wife  smiled  with 
pleasure.  Clean  was  only  the  one  English  word  she  could  understand.  She 
invited  us  into  the  living-room,  just  in  front  of  the  cows'  apartment,  and 
offered  us  milk.  As  we  drank  we  looked  around  the  room  and  sniffed  tne  air 
suspiciously,  but  although  the  stable  was  adjoining,  not  the  slighest  odor  of 
cows  could  we  detect  in  that  clean  little  room. 

"The  one  elegant  piece  of  furniture  here  was  a  tall,  carved  Dutch  chest. 
Our  hostess  opened  the  doors  of  this  and  displayed  piles  of  white  linen  therein — 
enough  to  start  a  shop.  Opening  another  door,  which  we  had  supposed  led  into 
another  room,  we  saw  it  was  simply  the  door  to  the  bed,  which  was  just  a  shelf 
in  the  wall  piled  high  with  feathers  and  linen.  Whether  the  Hollanders  shut 
themselves  in  entirely  in  these  curious  beds,  or  leave  the  doors  ajar  while 
asleep,  I  could  not  learn.  '  Perhaps  they  are  the  cows'  beds,'  suggested  the 
giddy  one  of  our  number :  '  ask  her.'  The  smiling  little  woman  shook  her  head 
in  reply  to  the  question,  though  after  what  we  had  just  seen  we  should  hardly 
have  been  surprised  if  she  had  told  us  that  on  cold  winter  nights  the  cows 
curled  themselves  in  these  downy  niches  in  the  wall." 


CHAPTER  II. 

ANCESTRY   OF  THE  BREED — SYSTEM  OF  DAIRYING — AS  A  RACE  STOCK — EARLIEST 
AMERICAN  IMPORTATIONS. 

The  ancestry  of  these  cattle  may  be  traced  unalloyed  for  more  than  two 
thousand  years.  The  history  of  the  Netherlands  goes  back  three  hundred  years 
before  the  commencement  of  the  Christian  era.  At  that  time  that  portion  of 
the  country  bordering  on  the  North  Sea  was  called  Fresia.  It  extended  over 
the  present  provinces  of  North  Holland,  Friesland  and  Groningen,  and  over  the 
German  border  to  the  river  Ems.  Its  inhabitants  were  classed  by  the  Romans 
with  the  Northern  barbarians.  They  differed  from  their  neighbors  in  their 
love  of  peaceful  pursuits,  especially  the  care  and  breeding  of  cattle. 

In  1282  came  the  decisive  inundation  that  produced  the  Zuyder  Zee,  a  broad 
and  permanent  channel  from  the  sea  far  inland,  separating  these  cattle  breeders 
into  two  groups — the  western  occupying  a  stretch  of  country  that  was  for  a 
long  time  called  West  Friesland,  now  constituting  the  major  part  of  North 
Holland  ;  the  eastern,  the  present  provinces  of  Friesland  and  Groningen.  In 
the  western  division,  the  influence  of  Batavian  and  Celtic  blood  has  rendered 
the  inhabitants  less  conservative,  and  changed  the  language  to  modern  Holland- 
ish.  In  both  divisions  the  cattle  are  of  the  same  blood  ;  they  are  kept  in  the 
same  manner,  and  used  for  the  same  purpose.  The  farmers  are  all  dairymen, 
and  all  combine  the  production  of  butter,  cheese,  veal  and  beef  in  their  pursuits. 

"  The  system  of  dairying  pursued  differs  slightly  in  the  two  divisions,"  says 
Mr.  S.  Hoxie.  "In  Friesland  butter  making  takes  precedence.  From  the 
skim-milk  cheese  is  made  ;  the  whey  is  fed  to  calves  or  older  cattle,  with  an 
allowance  of  oil  cake.  Their  cattle  are  always  kept  in  what  American  farmers 
would  call  a  superior  condition.  In  North  Holland  the  only  material  variation 
from  this  system  is  in  making  cheese  from  the  milk  immediately  as  it  comes 
from  the  herd.  The  noted  Edam  cheese  is  thus  produced. 

"  It  will  be  noticed  that  these  systems  involve  the  utilization  of  every  cattle 
product— milk,  butter,  cheese,  veal  and  beef.  They  thus  draw  profits  from 
both  the  leading  tendencies  of  bovine  nature— milk  giving  and  flesh  making. 
They  give  no  credit  to  the  theory  that  the  functions  of  the  one  antagonize 
those  of  the  other.  On  the  contrary,  they  have  demonstrated  on  the  largest 
possible  scale  that  when  intense  activity  of  the  functions  of  one  ceases,  if  an 
animal  is  normally  developed,  healthy  and  well  fed,  intense  activity  of  the 
functions  of  the  other  begins. 

"  In  looking  on  their  herds  there  is  a  strong  impression  that  these  peasant 
farmers  are  correct  in  their  views.  The  broad  loins  and  wide  rumps  of  their 
cattle  seem  just  the  place  for  the  finest  quality  of  beef,  and  equally  the  proper 
support  of  capacious  udders. 

"At  two  years  of  age,  with  rare  exceptions,  they  commence  giving  milk,  and 
at  six  or  seven  years  old  they  uniformly  go  loaded  with  flesh  to  the  butcher. 
These  dairymen  do  not  lose  their  dairy  plant  at  the  end  of  every  eight  or  ten 
years  in  a  lot  of  old  and  worthless  cows.  They  sell  their  cows  well  fattened  at 
an  age  when  their  flesh  is  of  the  best  quality.  The  price  obtained  pays  for  extra 
food  that  may  have  been  used,  and  replaces  them  at  a  profit  with  younger 
animals." 

As  a  race  stock,  these  cattle  have  become  widely  noted.  They  have  sent 
off-shoots  to  all  the  richer  grass  sections  of  Northern  and  Central  Europe.  In 
some  instances  these  have  been  established  so  long  that,  prevailing  over  the 
native  cattle  and  slightly  changed  by  environment,  they  have  taken  names 
corresponding  to  their  location.  Some  of  the  most  renowned  breeds  of  Europe 
are  of  such  origin.  Among  these  are  the  Flanders  breed  of  Belgium  and 
France,  the  Brittenburg  and  Oldenburg  breeds  of  Germany,  and  the  Kolmogo- 
rian  breed  of  Russia. 

Our  Secretary  of  State  in  1883  procured  reports  from  our  consuls  upon  the 
breeds  and  products  of  cattle  throughout  the  world.  From  Belgium  such 
reports  call  special  attention  to  the  Hollandaise,  or  Dutch  cow,  and  the 

(14) 


AS  A   RACE  STOCK.  15 


Flamande,  or  Belgium  cow.  In  one  of  these  reports  the  consul  says,  "The 
breeds  to  which  I  allude  present,  in  outward  appearance  and  in  results  both  for 
dairy  and  for  beef,  cattle  that  cannot  be  surpassed  in  the  world." 

The  reports  from  France  are  confirmatory  of  those  from  Belgium.  The 
origin  of  the  Flemish  cattle,  the  pure  Flamande  breed  and  the  sub-breeds  that 
have  taken  the  names  Boulonaise  and  Artesienne,  are  credited  to  importations 
from  the  shore  of  the  North  Sea.  "Whence,"  says  one  of  the  writers,  "came  the 
breeds  of  Holland,  Schleswig,  Holsteiu  and  Jutland,  all  remarkable  for  their 
milking  qualities."  Similar  reports  also  come  from  Germany.  The  consul  of 
the  province  of  Silesia  selected  four  hundred  of  the  largest  herds  of  cattle  in  his 
district,  with  the  view  of  ascertaining  the  favorite  breed  ;  two  hundred  and 
seventy-two  handled  exclusively  pure  Dutch  cattle,  the  balance  was  occupied  by 
a  dozen  or  more  of  other  breeds  and  their  grades.  The  most  interesting  of  all 
was  that  from  Consul  General  Stanton  of  St.  Petersburg.  He  found  on  the  fertile 
lands  at  the  river  Dwina,  within  two  and  one  half  degrees  of  the  Arctic  circle, 
an  off-shoot  of  this  race  named  after  the  locality,  the  Kolmogorian  breed.  It 
was  originally  a  cross  between  this  breed  and  the  native  cattle  of  Archangel, 
and  dated  from  the  time  of  Peter  the  Great.  It  is  remarkable  for  its  yield  of 
milk,  and  the  fine  quality  of  veal  which  it  produces. 

It  is  the  favorite  breed  of  St.  Petersburg,  and  it  is  used  to  improve  other 
Russian  breeds.  In  the  seventeenth  and  eighteenth  centuries,  the  Holland  cattle 
appeared  to  have  been  largely  imported  into  the  British  Isles,  and  became  most 
influential  in  the  formation  of  some  of  the  most  renowned  breeds  of  England 
and  Scotland.  Prof.  Low,  whose  writings  are  regarded  as  eminent  authority 
on  the  British  breeds,  says:  "The  Dutch  breed  was  especially  established  in 
the  district  of  Holderness,  on  the  north  side  of  the  Humber,  whence  it  extended 
northward  through  the  plains  of  Yorkshire,  and  the  cattle  of  Holderness  still 
retain  the  distinct  traces  (in  1840)  of  their  Dutch  origin,  and  were  long  regarded 
as  the  finest  dairy  cows  of  England.  Further  to  the  north  in  the  first  fertile  dis- 
trict of  the  Tees,  importations  likewise  took  place  of  the  cattle  of  the  opposite 
countries,  sometimes  from  Holland,  from  Holstein  or  the  countries  on  the 
Elbe."  He  adds:  "Of  the  precise  extent  of  these  early  importations  we  are 
imperfectly  informed,  but  that  they  exercised  a  great  influence  on  the  native 
stock  appears  from  this  circumstance,  that  the  breed  formed  by  the  mixture 
became  familiarly  known  as  the  Dutch  or  Holstein  breed,  under  which  name 
it  extended  northward  through  Northumberland,  arid  became  naturalized  in 
the  south  of  Scotland.  It  was  also  known  as  the  Tees  water  or  Shorthorn  breed," 
from  whence  our  modern  improved  Shorthorn  breed  originated. 

Sanford  Howard,  an  equally  eminent  authority,  in  writing  of  the  Ayrshire 
breed,  says.  "It  is  nothing  improbable  that  the  chief  nucleus  of  the  improved 
breed  was  the  Dunlop  stock  so-called,  which  appears  to  have  been  possessed  by 
a  distinguished  family  by  the  name  of  Dunlop,  in  the  Cunningham  district  of 
Ayrshire  as  early  as  1780.  This  stock  was  derived  at  least  in  part  from  animals 
imported  from  Holland." 

The  attention  of  American  breeders  has  never  been  called  to  Holstein- 
Friesian  cattle  to  any  extent,  until  within  the  last  twenty  years.  The  fact  of 
our  using  a  common  language  with  our  English  cousins,  and  the  assumption  of 
English  breeders  that  they  alone  possessed  breeds  of  cattle  worthy  of  our  atten- 
tion, have  been  a  bar  to  our  study  of  the  Continental  breeds,  one  that  even  now 
is  difficult  for  many  to  break  over. 

Yet  it  is  inferred  that  a  strain  of  these  cattle  was  introduced  into  this 
country  at  an  early  date  from  1621  to  1664.  The  eastern  part  of  the  State  of 
New  York  was  the  Dutch  colony  of  New  Netherlands.  During  this  period 
many  Holland  farmers  settled  along  the  Hudson  river  and  in  the  rich  valley  of 
the  Mohawk.  .They  probably  brought  cattle  with  them  from  their  native  land 
and  crossed  them  with  cattle  purchased  from  the  other  colony.  One  thing 
there  is  a  certainty,  for  many  years  after  the  cattle  of  the  Mohawk  valley 
were  called  Dutch  cattle  and  were  especially  esteemed  for  their  milking 
qualities. 

The  first  importation  of  which  we  have  any  knowledge  was  made  more 
than  one  hundred  years  later.  It  consisted  of  six  cows  and  two  bulls  and  was 
sent  in  1795  by  the  Holland  Land  Company,  which  then  owned  large  tracts  in 
the  State  of  New  York,  to  their  agent,  Mr.  John  Lincklaen  of  Cazenovia.  As 
described  by  one  of  the  early  settlers  of  that  village,  "the  cows  were  of  the  size 
of  oxen,  their  colors  clear  black  and  white  in  large  patches;  very  handsome 


EARLY  IMPORTATIONS.  17 


bodies  and  straight-limbed;  horns  middling  in  size  but  gracefully  set;  their 
necks  were  seemingly  too  slender  to  carry  their  heads." 

In  1810  a  bull  and  two  cows  were  imported  by  the  Hon.  William  Jarvis  and 
placed  on  his  farm  at  Wethersfield,  Vt.  About  the  year  1825  another  importa- 
tion was  made  by  Herman  Le  Roy,  a  part  of  which  were  sent  into  the  valley  of 
the  Genesee.  The  rest  were  kept  near  New  York  City.  Still  later  an  impor- 
tation was  made  into  the  State  of  Delaware.  No  records  were  kept  of  the 
descendants  of  these  cattle.  Their  blood*  was  mingled  and  lost  in  that  of  the 
native  cattle,  yet  its  impress  was  long  recognized  in  the  various  localities  to 
which  these  importations  went. 

The  first  permanent  introduction  of  this  breed  was  due  to  the  perseverance 
of  Hon.  Wintnrop  W.  Chenery  of  Belmont,  Mass.  His  first  two  importations 
and  their  increase  with  the  exception  of  a  single  animal  were  destroyed  by  the 
government  in  Massachusetts  in  consequence  of  a  contagious  disease  by  which 
they  were  unfortunately  attacked.  He  made  a  third  importation  in  1861.  This 
was  followed  in  1867  by  an  importation  for  the  Hon.  Gerrit  S.  Miller,  of  Peter- 
boro,  N.  Y.,  made  by  his  brother,  Dudley  Miller,  who  had  been  attending  the 
noted  agricultural  schools  at  Eldena,  Prussia,  where  this  breed  was  regarded 
with  great  favor.  These  two  importations  with  an  Oldenburg  cow  owned  by 
Hon.  William  A.  Russell,  of  Lawrence,  Mass.,  and  three  animals  from  East 
Friesland,  imported  by  Gen.  William  S.  Tilton  of  the  National  Military  Asylum, 
Togus,  Me.,  formed  the  nucleus  of  the  Holstem  Herd  Book,  the  first  volume  of 
which  was  published  in  1872. 

The  time  was  propitious  for  the  introduction  of  a  breed  with  the  character- 
istics of  these  cattle.  Dairying  had  become  an  important  industry  in  the 
Northern  States,  and  was  extending  to  the  prairie  land  of  the  West,  where 
especially  large  cattle  were  demanded.  No  breed  ever  spread  with  such 
rapidity.  Its  progress  was  opposed  by  strong  prejudice,  yet  it  seemed  to  gather 
new  force  from  every  public  manifestation  of  such  opposition,  until  now, 
twenty-five  years  from  the  publication  of  that  apparently  insignificant  volume, 
it  has  become  one  of  the  largest  and  most  popular  breeds  in  our  country. 

Notwithstanding  the  antiquity  of  this  breed  its  first  herd  book  was  that 
issued  by  American  breeders  in  1872  [The  Association  of  Breeders  of  Thorough- 
bred Holstein  Cattle].  This  was  followed  in  1875  by  one  in  the  Netherlands,  its 
original  home.  Five  years  later  another  was  published  in  America  by  an 
association  of  breeders  who  objected  to  the  name  Holstein  by  which  they  were 
generally  known  in  this  country  and  against  which  there  was  strong  protest 
from  the  breeders  in  Europe.  In  view  of  their  origin  and  the  source  from 
whence  they  were  imported  this  association  adopted  the  name  Dutch-Friesian. 
In  the  same  year  another  herd  book  was  issued  in  and  for  the  province  of  Fries- 
land,  where  the  breed  has  been  especially  guarded  for  ages. 

Since  then  herd  books  of  these  cattle  have  been  published  both  in  Belgium 
and  Germany.  In  1885  the  two  American  associations  compromised  on  the 
name  Holstein-Friesian  and  united  their  records.  In  their  native  country  none 
but  select  cattle  are  admitted  to  the  herd  book.  It  is  not  enough  that  they  are 
pure  bred,  they  must  also  be  superior.  This  requirement  is  of  the  highest 
importance.  Being  the  "common  cattle"  of  the  Netherlands,  and  handled  by  all 
classes  of  breeders,  some  of  whom  are  indifferent  to  their  standing,  in  whose 
hands  they  degenerate  as  in  other  hands  they  improve,  there  are  great  diver- 
sities in  their  build,  quality  and  capacity. 

To  the  credit  of  American  importers  they  have  generally  sought  for  the 
best,  yet  it  is  beginning  to  be  felt  that  continued  selection  is  the  basis  for  con- 
tinued success.  This  is  true  not  only  of  the  breeders  of  these  cattle,  but  also  of 
those  handling  other  leading  breeds.  In  consequence  of  this  a  system  of 
Advanced  Registry  has  been  commenced  for  this  breed  in  this  country,  condi- 
tioned on  the  superior  build  and  quality,  and  especially  on  capacity  for  milk  or 
butter  production.  This  system  will  be  found  fully  detailed  in  another  chapter 
of  this  work. 


CHAPTER  III. 

OBSERVATIONS  OF  PROF.   ROBERTS — AND  OF  J.    H.    KLIPPART. 

American  skill  and  enterprise  find  in  this  breed  peculiar  material  on  which 
to  work.  It  is  as  hardy  as  the  American  scrub,  it  has  no  hereditary  tendencies 
to  disease  of  any  kind,  and  it  is  peculiarly  plastic  in  its  adaptations,  as  may 
be  seen  by  its  perfect  acclimation  in  the  rigorous  climate  of  Archangel,  as  well 
as  in  the  sunny  climate  of  France. 

And  as  an  object  of  pleasure  and  beauty  no  cattle  respond  more  generously 
or  appear  more  picturesque  on  a  background  of  green  fields  and  none  are  more 
emblematic  of  rural  wealth  and  content. 

'  'I  had  the  good  fortune,"  said  Prof.  I.  P.  Roberts  of  Cornell  University,  N.  Y. , 
in  an  address  before  the  New  York  Dairymen's  Association,  "to  spend  some  time 
in  North  Holland  and  Friesland,  a  country  usually  ignored  by  the  tourist  though 
full  of  instructive  sights  and  quaint  old  customs.  Here  in  ancient  grass  bot- 
tomed lakes,  snatched  from  the  inroads  of  the  sea  by  the  greatest  skill  and  labor 
the  world  has  ever  known,  I  found  the  ideal  milk  producer.  Situated  in  a  level, 
rich,  moist  country,  well  adapted  to  the  production  of  forage  grasses,  with  the 
climate  cool  but  equable  in  summer,  but  raw,  windy  and  cold  in  winter;  here 
favored,  yet  unfavored  by  nature,  these  clean,  plain,  intelligent  Dutch  have 
reduced  to  a  science  the  economical  production  of  milk.  Of  course  this  could 
not  be  done  without  a  good  cow  and  if  anywhere  on  the  face  of  the  globe  there 
exists  a  race  of  uniformly  good  milkers,  the  Dutch  haVe  them.  I  care  not  what 
a  man's  prejudices  may  be,  whether  an  admirer  of  the  fawn-eyed  Jersey  or  (like 
myself),  of  that  grand  old  breed  the  Shorthorn,  the  stately  Hereford  or  of  the 
piebald  Ayrshire,  if  he  really  admire  a  good  cow  he  cannot  help  falling  in  love 
with  the  picturesque  Holstein  as  seen  in  its  native  pastures  in  the  north  coun- 
try. He  may  return  to  his  American  home  and  conclude  that  his  circumstances 
are  better  adapted  to  some  other  breed,  but  he  will  ever  after  speak  of  them 
only  with  praise. 

"  I  have  said  they  were  a  race  of  good  milkers  and  I  think  I  have  not  put  it 
too  strong  when  I  say  truthfully,  that  neither  from  Beemster  Polder  northward, 
nor  in  Friesland  did  I  see  what  might  be  called  a  poor  cow  or  an  old  cow,  though 
I  saw  many  hundreds.  Here  are  people  occupying  lands  which  are  seldom  sold 
for  less  than  five  hundred  dollars  per  acre,  more  frequently  for  a  thousand  and 
upwards,  producing  butter  and  cheese  and  placing  it  upon  the  European  market 
in  successful  competition  with  that  produced  on  lands  less  than  a  tenth  of  their 
value. 

"With  these  facts  staring  us  in  the  face  it  looks  quite  possible  that  we  might 
learn  something  of  more  economical  production  from  these  mis-called  dumb 
Dutch,  notwithstanding  they  still  cut  their  grass  by  hand,  have  no  tongues  or 
thills  to  their  farm  wagons,  and  wear  wooden  shoes.  Without  a  herd  book 
until  quite  recently  and  without  any  great  leaders  or  improvers  in  cattle  breed- 
ing as  found  in  Bake  well,  Colling,  Bates  and  Booth  in  England,  these  quiet  peo- 
ple, having  no  common-sense  and  universal  method,  long  since  formed  a  distinct 
breed  of  cattle  that  surpasses  in  their  locality  all  others  so  far  as  tried.  Jerseys 
have  been  introduced  but  cannot  secure  a  footing.  Here  and  there  at  long  inter- 
vals we  find  an  effort  has  been  made  to  improve  by  a  cross  of  the  English  bull, 
but  so  far  as  I  could  learn  deterioration  in  milking  qualities  has  resulted  with 
but  slight  compensating  improvement  in  beef  quality. 

"The  details  of  ancient  breeding  and  management  of  the  Holsteins  have  not 
been  handed  down  to  us  as  that  of  the  Shorthorn,  but  from  the  location  and 
habits  of  the  people,  we  may  fairly  infer  that  they  differed  but  slightly,  if  at  all, 
from  those  of  modern  times.  Having  unusually  fine  facilities  I  tried  to  study 
carefully  their  present  methods  and  also  their  results. 

"  In  the  first  place  but  few  bulls  are  kept  and  these  but  two  or  three  years  at 
most,  when  they  are  sold  to  the  market  for  beef.  These  bulls  are  selected  with 
the  utmost  care,  invariably  being  the  calves  of  the  choicest  milkers.  But  little 
attention  is  paid  to  fancy  points  or  color,  though  dark  spotted  is  preferred  to 
light  spotted,  though  more  attention  is  now  being  paid  to  color  in  order  to  suit 

(18) 


PROF.  ROBERTS'  OBSERVATIONS.  19 

American  customers.  All  other  bull  calves  with  scarce  an  exception  are  sold  as 
veal,  bringing  about  one  and  one-half  times  as  much  as  with  us.  In  like  manner  the 
heifer  calves  are  sold  except  about  twenty  per  cent,  which  are  also  selected  with 
care  and  raised  on  skim  milk.  The  age  of  the  cow  is  usually  denoted  by  the 
number  of  her  calves,  and  in  no  case  did  I  find  a  cow  that  had  more  than  six 
calves,  usually  only  four  or  five.  Their  rule  is  to  breed  so  that  the  cow's  first 
calf  is  dropped  in  the  stable  before  the  dam  is  two  years  old,  in  order  that  extra 
care  and  attention  may  be  given.  There  are  other  objects  gained  by  this  method; 
for  should  the  heifer  fall  below  their  high  standard  she  goes  to  the  butcher's 
market  before  another  wintering,  and  though  she  brought  little  profit  to  the 
dairy,  she  will  more  than  pay  for  her  keeping  at  the  block. 

"Here  we  find  a  three-fold  method  of  selection.  First,  in  the  sire  ;  second, 
in  the  young  calf,  judged  largely  by  the  milking  qualities  of  the  dam;  and 
lastly  is  applied  the  greatest  of  all  tests,  performance  at  pail;  and  not  till  she 
answers  this  satisfactorily  is  she  accorded  a  permanent  place  in  the  dairy. 

"The  cows,  no  matter  how  good,  are  seldom  kept  till  they  become  'old 
worn-out  shells,'  valueless  for  beef,  and  not  fit  to  propagate  their" kind,  but  are 


AEGIS,  No.  69  H.  H.-B. 

Milk  record,  82  Ibs.  12  oz.  in  one  day;  16,823  Ibs.  10  oz.  in  one  year.    Butter  record,  18  Ibs.  2  oz. 

in  one  week. 

sold  for  beef  while  they  are  vigorous  enough  to  put  on  flesh,  profitable  alike  to 
producer  and  consumer  and  of  no  mean  quality.  I  ate  it  for  three  weeks  and 
the  English  beef  for  two,  and  while  not  so  fat  as  the  Shorthorn  it  was  to  my 
taste  superior. 

"  My  experience  is  not  extended  enough  to  justify  me  in  saying  they  are  the 
best  breed  for  us,  all  things  considered  ;  but  I  believe  them  to 'be,  and  I  hope 
they  will  not  lose  any  of  their  valuable  qualities  in  our  hands  bj7  injudicious 
breeding  and  careless  selection,  or  what  is  still  worse  and  has  been  practiced 
by  us  in  nearly  all  other  breeds,  no  selection  at  all." 

Within  the  last  ten  years,  a  degree  of  interest  has  been  awakened  in 
several  parts  of  the  Netherlands,  with  a  view  to  the  formation  of  such  an  im- 
proved breed.  Two  associations  of  breeders  have  been  established,  and  a  class 
of  superior  cattle  selected  and  registered  as  foundation  stock.  At  the  present 
time  (1884)  this  class  numbers  about  four  thousand  animals,  about  equally 
divided  between  the  Netherlands  and  the  Friesian  Associations.  In  the  be- 
ginning neither  association  made  any  distinction  in  the  colors,  regarding  all 
as  equally  pure,  and  worthy  of  entering  into  the  formation  of  the  improved 
breed.  The  Friesian  Association  has  advanced  to  the  classification  of  colors, 
and  to  the  breeding  of  the  variegated  black  and  white  as  a  distinct  and  sep- 
arate class.  This  class  very  largely  predominates.  At  the  present  time,  at 
least  nine-tenths  of  the  registry  of  both  herd  books  are  of  these  black  and 


20  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


white  variegated  cattle.  Several  volumes  of  the  Friesian  Herd-Book  are  ex- 
clusively of  this  class,  and  it  requires  but  little  foresight  to  discover  that  the 
time  will  shortly  come  when  the  other  colors  will  be  entirely  dropped.  In  this 
description  this  class  will  be  taken  as  the  only  rightful  representatives  of  the 
breed. 

This  class  of  cattle  are  of  very  nearly  uniform  build,  size  and  quality. 
Full  grown  cows  will  weigh  from  1,000  to  1,500  pounds,  in  moderate  flesh.  The 
great  majority,  would,  however,  be  included  in  a  range  from  1,100  to  1,300 
pounds,  and  the  mean  of  1,200  pounds  may  be  regarded  as  the  live  weight  of 
the  average  Friesian  cow.  In  the  fifth  volume  of  the  Friesian  Herd-Book,  198 
cows  are  registered,  ranging  in  age  from  two  and  one-half  to  seven  years.  The 
average  height  of  these  cows  at  the  shoulders  is  53.71  inches,  and  at  the  hips 
54.29  inches.  The  average  girth  at  the  smallest  circumference  of  the  chest  is 
76.10  inches,  and  the  average  length  of  body,  including  shoulders  and  rump,  is 
66.24  inches.  The  average  width  across  the  hips,  from  one  hook  bone  to  the 
other,  is  22.35  inches.  These  averages  are  made  from  measurements  taken 
with  much  carefulness  at  the  time  the  animals  were  offered  for  registry  by  the 
inspector.  These  cows  were  of  the  following  ages  :  Forty-five  between  two 
and  a  half  and  three  years,  85  between  three  and  four  years  ;  43  between  four 
and  five  years,  and  25  above  five  years.  In  the  main  register  of  the  Dutch- 
Friesian  Herd-Book  two  other  measurements  are  found,  the  length  from  the 
hook  bone  to  the  outward  point  of  the  pelvic  bone,  and  the  width  of  the  ani- 
mal through  at  the  thurl  bone.  (The  latter  measurement  is  taken  by  an  instru- 
ment made  in  the  form  of  a  shoemaker's  measure.)  Measurements  of  35  cows, 
very  nearly  averaging  in  other  respects  with  the  measurements  given  in  the 
Friesian  Herd-Book,  are  reported.  The  average  length  of  these  animals,  from 
hips  to  rump,  is  20.87  inches,  and  the  average  width  at  the  thurl,  19.50  inches. 

From  these  various  measurements  it  is  not  difficult  to  construct  the  out- 
line of  the  average  Friesian  cow  with  mathematical  accuracy.  There  is  no 
possible  danger  of  exaggeration,  except  in  the  minute  points.  It  will  be  seen 
at  once  that  there  is  great  capacity  of  chest ;  the  girth  at  the  smallest  circum- 
ference is  nearly  six  and  a  half  feet.  Here  is  room  for  the  vital  organs,  and  an 
assurance  of  a  strong  and  vigorous  constitution.  The  brisket  is  not  generally 
low,  but  the  chest  is  round  and  full,  carrying  the  shoulders  well  out.  This 
roundness  is  continued  backward  in  the  spread  of  the  ribs  and  the  girth  of  the 
abdomen.  There  is  a  rapid  increase  in  circumference,  giving  the  wedge  form, 
but  the  belly  does  not  sag,  although  of  great  dimensions.  The  animal  ap- 
pears trim  and  symmetrical  in  body.  By  further  studying  these  measurements, 
the  great  capacity  of  the  pelvic  region  will  also  be  seen.  The  average  width 
at  the  hips  is  22.35  inches  ;  at  the  thurl,  19.50  inches,  while  the  length  from 
hips  to  rump  is  20.87  inches.  These  measurements  include  a  surface  of  at  least 
four  hundred  square  inches  immediately  over  the  reproductive  and  milk  secre- 
ting organs.  Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  in  the  three  great  departments  of  the 
animal  structure,  the  chest,  abdomen  and  pelvic  region,  there  is  extraordinary 
development.  Now  if  the  bones  are  fine,  we  may  expect  superiority  in  milk 
and  beef  production.  In  the  living  animal  this  fineness  is  especially  noticeable 
in  the  tail  and  in  the  limbs  below  the  hocks  and  knees.  The  bones  of  the  head 
and  horns  are  also  fine.  The  skin,  though  of  good  thickness,  is  soft  and  mel- 
low, and  the  hair  of  a  texture  indicative  of  fineness  of  organization. 

In  filling  up  this  outline,  we  fortunately  have  the  description  of  Mr.  John 
H.  Klippart,  late  Secretary  of  the  Ohio  State  Board  of  Agriculture.  No  one 
can  question  his  impartiality.  He  Jiad  no  interest  in  the  breed,  except  to  fairly 
report  it,  with  many  others,  to  his  constituents.  He  says:  '  'The  most  celebrated 
of  the  Holland  cattle  are  the  Friesians,  which  are  regarded  as  the  original  stock 
of  all.  They  belong  to  what  may  with  propriety  be  called  the  heavy  breeds,  and 
are  remarkable  for  their  very  fine  bones,  fine  and  mellow  hide,  and  peculiar  color- 
ing. The  head  is  long,  rather  narrow,  with  fine,  light  bones,  but  has  rather 
a  broad  or  wide  mouth.  The  horns  are  short  and  fine,  curving  inward  and 
downward.  The  neck  is  long  and  fine,  somewhat  curved  downward  on  the  top: 
the  brisket  well  set,  which  is  always  characteristic  of  the  lowland  race.  The 
withers  and  the  back  are  broad,  and  as  nearly  level  as  the  Shorthorn,  as  well 
as  the  peculiarly  broad  and  projecting  hips ;  the  tail  well  set,  long  and  fine; 
the  chest  broad  and  deep,  and  in  good  proportion  to  the  belly.  The  limbs  are 
fine,  rather  longer  than  in  the  Shorthorn,  but  equally  fine;  the  bag  in  the  cows 
well  developed."  He  further  adds:  "The  Holland  bull  is  as  large,  as  broad 


KLIPPART'S  DESCRIPTION.  21 


and  level  on  the  back,  has  the  same  shaped  head,  neck,  horns,  nostrils  and 
muzzle  as  the  Shorthorn,  but  lacks  in  development  of  brisket.  The  head,  neck 
and  horns  of  the  Holland  cow  are  finer  than  that  of  the  Shorthorn  cow,  the 
carcass  equally  square,  broad  and  deep." 

There  is  no  doubt  Mr.  Klippart  saw  and  described  the  best  representatives 
of  the  breed  of  thirty  years  ago,  a  class  of  cattle  that  would  equal,  if  not  lead, 
the  present  registered  class  of  the  European  herd-books.  He  also  closely  and 
carefully  discriminated  between  the  various  breeds  of  the  lowland  race,  which 
very  few  writers  have  done.  He  says:  "It  is  a  very  common  practice  to  speak 
of  Holland  cattle  as  though  they  were  as  distinct  a  breed  as  the  Shorthorn  or 
Devon  breed;  and  I  must  confess  for  a  time  1  was  misled  by  this  generic 
term.  In  Holland  there  are  several  breeds  of  cattle,  almost  all  of  which  owe 
their  origin  to  the  Holland  proper  breed,  and  it  was  the  manifest  disparity 
in  the  several  animals  shown  me  as  Hollanders  that  led  me  to  make  a  closer 
examination  of  the  matter.  The  Oldenburgers,  West  Friesian,  East  Friesian, 
Groningen  and  Beemster  are  all  Holland  breeds,  and  I  am  assured  may  be 
traced  back  to  one  original  breed,  but  by  culture  and  care,  careful  selection  in 
breeding  and  management,  together  with  the  influence  of  the  climate,  soil  and 
food,  these  several  distinct  breeds  have  been  produced." 

In  our  observations  we  find  the  forehead  only  moderately  dishing,  and  the 
orbits  of  the  eyes  not  especially  prominent;  the  eyes  full;  the  cose  straight, 
without  flesh ;  upon  the  sides  of  the  nose  the  form  of  the  veins  showing  dis- 
tinctly through  the  skin  ;  the  nostrils  large  and  well  open  ;  the  jaws  light  and 
free  from  flesh ;  the  throat  clean,  and  the  head  set  lightly  to  the  neck ;  the 
ears  large,  light,  active  in  movement,  the  inside  of  an  oily  texture  and  yellow- 
ish brown  in  color,  and  a  small  dewlap  extending  from  the  brisket  upward  to 
about  half  the  length  of  the  neck.  The  only  point  of  difference  with  the 
description  of  Mr.  Klippart,  is  in  the  loin  and  rump.  We  find  these  parts  more 
rounded  than  he  describes,  and  the  huckle  rising  in  many  instances,  giving  a 
slightly  sloping  form  to  the  rump. 

As  this  breed  has  been  used  from  time  immemorial,  especially  for  dairy 
purposes,  we  should  naturally  expect  large  development  in  all  those  parts  that 
relate  to  milk  production.  The  udder  is  often  of  enormous  size,  measuring  in 
many  instances  fifty  to  sixty  inches  in  circumference ;  it  extends  well  forward, 
where  it  has  a  squareness  of  form,  and  is  very  broad  ;  it  also  fills  the  space 
between  the  hocks,  and  is  well  up  behind,  and  the  texture  of  the  whole 
soft  and  pliable.  The  teats  are  cylindrical  in  form,  not  cone-shaped,  and  are 
usually  from  two  and  a  half  to  three  and  a  half  inches  in  length.  The  milk 
veins  are  generally  long  and  crooked,  often  of  extraordinary  size.  Every 
variety  of  escutcheon  is  found,  yet  the  prevalence  of  the  Flanders,  in  its  various 
orders  and  forms,  is  especially  noticeable.  We  have  often  thought,  while  exam- 
ining these  cattle,  that  there  was  a  wider  divergence  of  character  between  the 
males  and  females  than  in  any  other  breed  with  which  we  are  acquainted,  or 
in  other  words,  a  greater  contrast  of  masculineness  and  feminality  of  appear- 
ance ;  and  in  the  absence  of  any  other  discoverable  cause,  have  ascribed  it  to 
the  effects  of  early  maturity,  and  the  constant  requirement  of  milk  production 
of  the  cows  continued  for  many  generations. 

Passing  from  the  registered  cattle,  which  we  have  taken  as  the  proper  rep- 
resentatives of  the  breed,  to  the  unregistered,  we  find  a  great  diversity  of  size, 
build  and  quality.  Some  of  these  unregistered  cattle  are  very  large  and  fine, 
and  need  only  the  application  of  their  owners  to  be  received  into  the  registered 
class.  There  is  a  great  diversity  in  size  and  quality  caused  by  the  soil  in  differ- 
ent localities.  Upon  the  sandy 'soil  they  are  of  poorer  quality  and  smaller  size. 
One  of  the  most  favorable  positions  to  observe  the  general  appearance  of  the 
unregistered  cattle,  is  at  the  spring  markets  at  Leeuwarden,  Hoorn  or  Alkmaar. 
At  such  markets,  hundreds,  and  sometimes  thousands  of  cows  fresh  in  milk  are 
offered  for  sale.  They  are  fastened  in  the  market  places  in  long  lines,  side  by 
side,  as  closely  as  they  can  conveniently  stand.  Passing  along  these  lines  in 
the  rear,  observing  their  broad  rumps,  finely  formed  limbs  and  immense 
udders,  then  along  in  front,  noticing  their  beautiful  heads  and  necks,  and  their 
wedge-shaped  bodies,  an  admirer  of  fine  cattle  can  scarcely  repress  constant 
exclamations  of  surprise  and  admiration.  We  believe  no  breed  in  any  other 
country  can  make  a  show  under  similar  circumstances  of  equal  merit. 


CHAPTER  IV. 

HOLLAND — DUTCH  FARM   HOUSES  AND  STABLES — METHODS   OF   HANDLING — HAY 
MAKING — STABLING  IN  HOLLAND. 

The  Dutch  farmhouses  are  immense  structures,  usually  inclosing  from  8,000 
to  20,000  square  feet  of  ground  under  a  single  roof.  Their  outside  walls  are  built 
of  brick,  and  are  from  six  to  seven  feet  high.  On  these  walls  the  rafters 
rest,  and  rise  steeply  to  the  ridgepoles.  They  are  covered  with  brick  tiles,  or 
with  heavy  thatch  made  of  coarse  grass  reeds  from  the  marshes.  On  approach- 
ing them  they  are  invariably  found  surrounded  with  deep  ditches  often  from  15 
to  20  feet  wide.  These  are  partially  filled  with  water  so  dark  in  color  that  the 
bottom  cannot  be  seen.  Over  them  bridges  are  thrown,  usually  traversed  with 
strong  gates  heavily  bolted.  Some  of  the  houses  recently  built  have  an  ell,  or 
wing,  thrown  out  from  one  side  or  end,  for  the  exclusive  use  of  the  family.  In 
looking  upon  them  from  a  distance,  they  appear  like  great  brick-colored  tents 
scattered  over  the  landscape. 

On  entering  these  structures,  you  find  on  one  side  the  cattle  stalls  ;  on 
another  side  the  family  and  dairy  rooms  ;  in  the  center,  without  flooring,  the 
haymows  ;  and  in  other  parts,  horse  stalls,  calf  pens,  granaries  and  spaces  for 
farm  machinery.  Sometimes  there  is  stationary  machinery  for  churning, 
pumping  water,  etc.,  by  horse  power.  The  side  occupied  by  the  family  has 
windows  and  doors  like  dwelling  houses  in  America.  The  side  occupied  by  the 
cattle  stalls  is  pierced  with  smaller  windows  in  front  of  each  stall.  On  the  side 
leading  to  the  haymow  large  double  doors  are  found,  and  far  up  in  the  roof  the 
ridgepole  is  seen  pierced  with  ventilators.  Entering  the  family  rooms,  you  find 
them  kept  neatly,  and  some  of  them  furnished  with  beautiful  carpets  and  orna- 
mental furniture.  Your  reception  is  very  hospitable,  perhaps  more  courteous 
and  dignified  than  among  American  farmers.  There  seems  to  be  a  peculiar 
calmness  and  restfulness  pervading  everything.  There  is,  perhaps,  no  country 
in  the  world,  and  no  vocation,  that  is  loved  with  the  depth  of  feeling  that  these 
dairymen  have  for  their  land  and  their  calling.  Their  children  are  nurtured  in 
the  same  love,  and  rarely  marry  with  any  one  not  of  the  same  calling.  Thus, 
from  father  to  son,  and  from  mother  to  daughter,  from  generation  to  genera- 
tion, descend  the  aptitudes  and  characteristics  of  these  people  that  have  done 
so  much  to  make  this  breed  what  it  is  today. 

In  Holland  cattle  are  kept  in  these  farmhouses,  at  the  present  time,  only  in 
winter.  They  never  enter  them  in  summer.  They  are  kept  with  marvelous 
neatness.  The  peculiar  construction  of  the  stables,  and  especially  the  method 
of  fastening  that  prevails,  greatly  facilitates  thus  keeping  them.  Each  stall  is 
designed  for  two  cows,  one  fastened  to  the  right,  the  other  to  the  left ;  one 
milked,  while  in  the  stable,  on  the  left  side,  the  other  on  the  right.  They  stand 
with  their  heads  toward  the  outside  wall.  A  small  window  in  this  wall  between 
each  pair  lets  in  the  air  and  light  as  needed.  There  are  no  mangers  or  perma- 
nent feeding  troughs  before  them.  Their  food  is  all  carried  in  from  behind, 
between  them,  and  laid  on  the  floor  on  which  they  stand,  within  easy  reach  of 
their  heads.  Sometimes  a  narrow  trough  extends  along  the  outside  wall  a  few 
inches  from  the  floor  into  which  water  is  pumped  for  watering  them  by  means 
of  power  located  in  another  part  of  the  building ;  otherwise,  they  are  watered 
in  pails  also  carried  in  between  them  from  behind.  The  windows  between 
them  are  usually  draped  neatly  with  cheap  curtains,  showing  woman's  care  and 
taste  in  their  arrangement. 

A  row  of  such  stalls  upon  a  platform  raised  about  two  feet  from  the  ground, 
extending  along  the  side  of  the  building,  and  partitioned  from  the  rest  of  the 
farmhouse,  constitutes  the  stable.  The  stall  partitions  extend  back  from  the 
outside  wall  to  near  the  hips  of  the  cows  as  they  naturally  stand  in  their  stalls. 
From  two  to  two  and  a  half  feet  farther  back  a  deep  trench  runs  along  behind 
the  cows  at  right  angles  with  these  partitions  the  whole  length  of  the  stable. 
This  is  usually  about  two  feet  broad,  and  of  the  same  depth.  It  slightly 
descends  the  whole  length,  and  at  the  lower  end  opens  outwardly  to  the  manure, 

f22) 


24  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


or  compost  bed,  by  a  door,  the  bottom  of  which  is  on  a  level  with  the  bottom  of 
the  trench.  Back  of  this  trench,  on  the  opposite  side  from  the  cows,  is  the 
platform  for  the  attendants.  This  is  usually  about  six  inches  lower  than  the 
platform  on  which  the  cows  stand,  and  about  eighteen  inches  above  the  bottom 
of  the  trench.  It  is  necessarily  made  wide  and  roomy,  for  from  it  all  food  is 
carried  to  the  cows.  Along  the  side  of  this  platform,  running  its  whole  length, 
is  the  partition  that  separates  the  stable  from  the  rest  of  the  farmhouse. 
Through  this  partition  doors  open  to  the  granary,  haymow,  milkroom,  and 
sometimes  to  the  kitchen. 

There  are  no  means  for  putting  cows  into  such  a  stable  except  across  this 
platform  and  trench.  This  would  be  a  very  serious  objection  to  it  if  the  cows 
were  turned  out  daily  for  air  and  exercise.  This  is  never  done.  Their  cows  are 
put  into  their  stables  once  a  year,  about  the  middle  of  October,  and  turned  out 
once  a  year,  about  the  middle  of  May.  Thus  they  remain  in  them,  without 
going  outside  into  the  open  air  of  the  fields  for  a  moment  during  the  whole  of 
the  six  months  that  constitutes  the  inclement  season.  They  have  no  exercise 
except  what  they  obtain  in  moving  about  within  the  limits  of  their  stalls.  They 
appear  more  healthy  in  such  confinement  than  does  the  average  American  dairy 
cow  that  gets  a  taste  of  outside  wintry  weather.  Their  hair,  almost  always, 
looks  smooth  and  right,  not  rough  and  staring,  and  there  is  no  uneasiness  mani- 
fest in  their  appearance.  In  the  even  temperature  of  such  stables,  with  plenty 
of  food  and  gentle  attendance,  they  seem  to  pass  the  winter  in  the  height  of 
bovine  enjoyment.  In  putting  them  in  and  taking  them  from  such  a  stable,  a 
small  wooden  bridge  is  used  spanning  the  trench  and  wide  enough  for  a  single 
cow  to  walk  on  with  her  attendant.  This  moves  from  stall  to  stall.  When  the 
work  is  completed  it  is  put  aside  until  the  time  comes  for  again  using  it. 

There  are  two  fastenings  for  each  cow.  One,  a  rope  passed  around  the  head 
under  the  horns  and  tied  to  a  ring  in  the  cross  partition,  beside  which  she 
stands;  the  other  a  peculiar  instrument  that  needs  description  to  be  understood 
by  an  American  reader.  It  consists  of  a  yoke  fitting  the  neck  like  the  hames  of 
a  harness,  to  which  is  added  a  small  trace  chain  from  five  to  six  feet  long.  The 
yoke  opens  at  the  bottom,  at  the  middle  of  which  the  chain  is  attached.  In  the 
platform  at  the  rear  of  the  cross  partition  to  which  the  cow  is  tied  an  iron  hook 
is  placed  over  which  the  links  of  this  chain  can  be  firmly  hooked.  The  object 
of  the  deep  trench  hitherto  described,  as  the  reader  no  doubt  recognizes,  is  to 
receive  the  droppings.  The  object  of  this  instrument  is  to  keep  the  cow  so 
closely  to  the  trench  that  her  droppings  will  go  nowhere  else.  With  this  yoke 
and  chain  she  may  be  drawn  back  or  allowed  to  go  forward  at  the  pleasure  of 
the  attendant.  The  size  or  length  of  the  animal  would  make  no  difference  with 
the  distance  at  which  she  may  be  made  to  stand  or  lie  from  the  trench.  When 
cattle  are  thus  fastened  there  is  some  danger  of  their  hind  feet  slipping  into  this 
trench.  And  it  is  so  deep  a  cow  is  liable  to  be  more  or  less  bruised  in  the 
struggle  to  recover.  This  is  probably  the  reason  why  permanent  feeding  boxes 
are  not  used.  Food  placed  on  the  floor  is  readily  kept  within  reach  of  the  cow 
by  the  attendant.  To  further  guard  against  slipping  into  the  trench,  a  ledge 
about  an  inch  and  a  half  wide  and  of  the  same  depth,  drops  from  the  floor  011 
which  they  stand  into  the  side  and  top.  This  catches  her  foot  when  the  cow 
slips  and  warns  her  to  recover.  If  the  warning  is  not  heeded  and  her  feet  go  to 
the  bottom  she  remembers  the  lesson  for  a  long  time,  and  such  an  accident 
rarely  happens  to  her  again.  The  stable  is  visited  by  the  attendant  much  more 
frequently  than  in  America.  Very  rarely  an  hour  passes  night  or  day  that  an 
attendant  or  some  other  member  of  the  household  does  not  look  after  the  cows 
to  cleanse  the  trench  and  adjust  their  fastenings. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  ventilation  of  these  stables  can  be  easily  regulated. 
The  windows  in  the  outside  wall  between  every  two  animals,  the  air  spaces  in 
the  high  roofs  to  which  access  from  the  stables  can  be  easily  gained,  and  the 
ventilators  above,  provide  the  most  ample  means,  yet  they  are  often  kept  very 
close  and  in  the  judgment  of  Americans  altogether  too  warm  from  animal  heat. 
But  no  evidence  of  discomfiture  is  shown  by  the  cows.  They  seem  to  especially 
enjoy  an  atmosphere  that  is  almost  suffocation  to  a  person  who  is  habituated  to 
the  outside  air.  Undoubtedly  they  consume  much  less  food  in  such  an  atmos- 
phere and  if  they  give  as  much  milk  and  are  as  healthy,  we  must  defer  to  the 
wisdom  of  these  dairymen  in  thus  keeping  them. 

As  you  enter  one  of  these  stables  for  the  first  time  in  winter  and  walk  down 


DUTCH  METHODS.  25 


the  long  line  of  cows  that  occupy  it,  all  apparently  as  smooth  coated  and  as  free 
from  filth  or  stain  as  in  summer  in  the  fields,  you  will  perhaps  think  that  such 
is  not  their  usual  state;  that  they  have  been  cleansed  and  groomed  and  the 
white  switches  of  their  tails  washed  and  combed  for  some  special  event.  Go 
tomorrow,  or  any  other  day,  and  you  find  them  in  the  same  condition.  You 
will  find  them  yielding  their  milk  almost  as  liberally  as  when  in  the  fields. 
They  have  had  no  drying-up  season  as  cows  in  this  country  have  in  early  winter. 

Before  dropping  another  calf  each  one  will  have  a  few  weeks'  respite  from 
giving  milk,  then  she  will  enter  again  with  renewed  impulse  on  the  chief  object 
of  her  existence.  What  wonder  that  generations  of  such  people  should  have 
produced  a  dairy  cow  that  can  be  profitably  kept  even  in  the  winter  and  in  so 
doing  adding  to  her  owner's  wealth  through  every  season  of  her  existence  ! 

During  the  winter  they  are  fed  on  hay  and  oil  cake.  The  oil  cake  ration  is 
usually  from  one  to  four  pounds  a  day.  To  those  that  may  be  milking  heavily 
or  are  reduced  in  strength  from  some  other  cause,  the  refuse  skim  milk  is  usually 
fed.  The  oil  cake  is  the  ordinary  commercial  cake  produced  from  the  various 
seeds  after  the  expression  of  their  oils;  that  from  linseed  is  the  chief,  much  of 
which  is  imported  from  America.  As  it  comes  into  Holland  it  is  hard  and 
difficult  to  be  broken,  but  it  is  there  re-ground  and  re-pressed  into  much  softer 
and  smaller  cakes,  easily  broken  in  the  hand,  and  thus  fed  to  the  cows.  The 
refuse  of  bakeries  is  also  made  into  cakes  and  fed  in  this  way.  Cotton  seed 
meal  is  slowly  coming  into  use.  Indian  corn  meal  is  sometimes  fed  in  the 
scarcity  of  other  food,  but  is  not  generally  regarded  with  favor. 

In  the  quality  of  their  hay  lies  much  of  the  secret  of  their  success  in  main- 
taining a  liberal  flow  of  milk  through  the  winter  months.  As  it  is  taken  from 
the  mow  it  appears  much  like  American  rowen,  very  much  bleached  in  curing. 
And  it  does  not  strike  an  observer  from  this  country  as  being  very  nutritive  or 
palatable.  Before  the  cows  every  blade  is  eaten  and  they  always  seem  desirous 
for  more.  There  is  no  waste  for  bedding.  While  the  climate  of  Holland  is  so  cold 
that  it  would  not  mature  the  earliest  variety  of  Indian  corn,  yet  it  is  so  tem- 
pered by  the  sea  that  grass  grows  throughout  nine  months  of  the  year.  These 
dairymen  usually  pasture  their  fields  one  season  and  mow  them  the  next,  and 
so  alternate  from  year  to  year.  The  sod  thus  becomes  exceedingly  dense.  The 
grass  for  mowing  is  never  allowed  to  mature  or  blossom  or  even  head.  The 
first  cutting  is  taken  from  the  fields  in  May  or  early  in  June.  A  second  cutting 
is  taken  in  August  or  the  fore  part  of  September,  and  a  third  in  October  or 
November. 

When  the  mowing  begins  it  proceeds  without  interruption  until  the  cutting 
for  that  period  is  completed.  The  mowers  do  not  stop  as  in  America  because  of 
cloudy  or  rainy  weather,  or  to  assist  in  gathering.  On  a  farm  of  ordinary  size, 
keeping  from  twenty  to  forty  cows,  two  mowers  are  usually  employed  during 
the  haying,  who  camp  out  in  the  meadows  and  furnish  their  own  implements 
and  board.  Mowing  machines  have  not  come  into  general  use,  the  majority  of 
farmers  thinking  it  less  expensive  to  have  their  grass  cut  by  hand,  that  it  is  cut 
more  closely,  and  the  sod  less  injured  during  the  slow  process.  When  partially 
dry  the  hay  is  put  up  in  small  cocks.  As  the  curing  goes  on  two  or  more  of 
these  cocks  are  put  together.  Often  they  are  again  redoubled  and  this  process 
repeated  until  the  hay  is  sufficiently  dried  for  the  mow.  These  cocks  frequently 
become  saturated  with  rain  and  have  to  be  spread  and  re-spread  to  dry.  In 
consequence  the  hay  does  not  reach  the  mow  in  the  farmhouse  until  it  is  quite 
thoroughly  bleached  and  a  large  share  of  its  fragrance  gone. 

All  the  members  of  the  family  join  in  the  gathering.  It  is  this  scene  in  the 
hay  field  on  which  poets  and  painters  love  to  dwell.  The  wife  and  daughters 
raking  the  hay,  the  younger  children  on  the  loaded  wains,  the  husband  and  sons 
lifting  the  heavy  forkfuls.  It  is  indeed  a  scene  of  much  rural  enjoyment.  There 
is  little  of  that  burning  heat  in  the  climate  that  characterizes  haying  time  in 
America.  The  air  is  pure  and  invigorating,  the  fields  are  fragrant,  and  there  is 
a  peculiar  happiness  in  all  countries  and  among  all  people  in  the  gathering  of 
the  harvest. 

The  first  and  second  cuttings  are  thus  cured  and  stowed  in  the  mow.  The 
last  cutting  is  drawn  to  the  farmhouse  and  fed  without  curing,  as  the  cows  are 
all  ready  there  in  the  stables  for  the  winter.  This  lasts  for  several  weeks  during 
which  they  are  virtually  soiled.  This  is  the  only  period  in  which  they  receive 
any  soiling  crops.  As  this  decreases  dry  hay  from  the  mow  and  oil  cake  take 
its  place  as  we  have  described.  There  is  no  sudden  change  from  green  to  dry 


26  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


food  as  in  American  dairies,  and  consequently  no  special  drying  up  time  at  this 
season  of  the  year.  Their  calves  have  taken  the  skim  milk  up  to  this  period. 
But  now  all  that  are  not  needed  to  replenish  the  herd  are  driven  to  the  market 
and  sold  and  the  skim  milk  comes  as  extra  food  to  the  cows.  This  also  helps  to 
maintain  the  flow  of  milk  at  this  period.  Thus  they  pass  into  the  winter  season 
and  summer  dairying  passes  into  winter  dairying  without  any  change  in  their 
production  of  milk  except  what  naturally  results  from  a  nearer  approach  to  the 
time  for  dropping  their  calves. 

The  method  of  feeding  after  the  cows  leave  the  stables  in  spring  and  return 
in  autumn  needs  little  description.  They  simply  crop  the  grass  of  their  pastures. 
During  this  period  they  have  no  other  food.  They  frequently  change  pastures. 
The  system  of  drainage  makes  small  fields.  Ditches  impossible  to  cattle  cross 
each  other  as  fences  cross  in  this  country.  It  is  rare  to  find  a  continuous  field 
of  more  than  fifteen  acres.  The  fields  communicate  by  bridges  upon  which  bars 
or  gates  are  erected.  Thus  their  cows  may  be  easily  limited  in  range  and  passed 


AMLETO,  No.   8351   H.   H.-B. 

Prize  cow,  World's  Exposition,  Amsterdam,  in  1884.    Milk  record,  79}£  Ibs.  in  one  day;  1 8,810^4  Ibs. 
in  277  days.     Butchered  in  1887;  dressed  66  per  cent  of  live  weight. 

from  field  to  field  as  pasturage  is  renewed  in  them  in  growth  and  freshness. 
This  is  undoubtedly  an  advantage  in  keeping  up  a  steady  flow  and  producing 
the  most  milk  possible  for  the  acreage.  It  will  be  seen  that  this  system  of  feed- 
ing from  one  end  of  the  year  to  the  other  is  free  from  violent  changes;  that  the 
grasses  are  cut  when  most  nutritious  and  least  liable  to  injury  from  exposure, 
and  that  extra  rations  are  provided  at  the  season  when  most  needed  for  keeping 
up  the  flow  of  milk.  How  far  it  conforms  to  science  we  leave  for  others  to 
decide. 

A  very  interesting  account  of  the  method  of  stabling  cows  in  Friesland  is 
given  below,  by  a  correspondent  wrho  was  a  close  observer : 

"  To  begin  with,  let  me  say  that  Holland,  or,  more  properly  speaking,  the 
Netherlands,  though  but  a  small  country,  is  not  all  a  country  of  dikes  and 
windmills,  and  but  a  small  part  of  it  is  an  exclusive  dairy  country.  The  differ- 
ent sections  differ  radically,  as  do  the  people  who  live  in  them.  *  Each  section 
has  its  own  customs,  industries,  language,  and  own  breeds  of  domestic  animals. 
So  I  will  confine  myself  to  describing  to  you  that  with  which  I  am  best 
acquainted,  to  wit,  how  cattle  are  treated  in  the  dairy  section  of  the  province 
of  Friesland,  the  original  home  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  cattle. 

"  There,  grass  is  king,  and  plows  are  never  seen — yes,  almost  unknown  to 


STABLING  IN   HOLLAND.  27 


many  of  the  inhabitants.  How  long  ago  it  is  since  those  fields  were  sown  down 
to  grass,  if  grass  was  ever  sown,  I  do  not  know  ;  but  it  must  be,  at  least,  a 
couple  of  hundred  years  ago.  But  those  dairymen  are  very  careful  about  their 
grass,  and  if  the  summer  is  rainy  and  the  land  wet,  you'll  hear  remarks  about 
cows  eating  with  five  mouths,  and  will  find  many  cows  stabled  in  July  or 
August,  to  be  kept  in  till  next  spring  if  the  weather  does  not  improve.  This  is 
commonly  the  case,  and,  as  a  rule,  cows  are  not  stabled  till  about  November  1, 
when  the  grass  begins  to  fail.  If  the  grass  fails  before,  they  are  promptly 
stabled  ;  if  the  grass  is  plenty  and  the  weather  not  too  rough,  they  may  stay 
out  a  little  longer,  each  cow  provided  with  an  '  overcoat '  in  the  shape  of  a 
heavy,  coarse  blanket,  which  she  keeps  on  all  the  time.  But  the  first  snow- 
storm or  heavy  frost  drives  the  last  ones  to  the  stable,  which  they  will  not 
leave  again  '  till  the  lark  sings  high  in  the  sky,  and  the  grass  is  tall  enough  to 
hide  the  plover.' 

"Their  stalls  have  been  ready  for  them  for  some  time,  the  chains  have  all 
been  fixed,  the  stalls  bedded,  the  curtains  have  been  taken  off  the  windows,  the 
mats  and  carpets  taken  up,  and  the  floor  heavily  sprinkled  with  sand  instead. 
Along  the  ceiling,  the  whole  length  of  the  stable,  right  over  the  gutter,  a  line 
is  stretched  from  which  dangle  a  number  of  small  lines,  each  ending  in  a  small 
leather  strap  by  which  the  tails  will  be  fastened  and  kept  out  of  the  filth.  Hay 
is  temptingly  displayed  in  the  mangers,  and  across  the  gutter  at  the  first  stall 
to  be  filled  lies  the  bridge,  well  covered  with  straw.  The  gutter  also  is  half 
filled  with  straw.  (Right  here  let  me  say  that  it  is  only  for  this  important 
occasion  that  the  farmer  appears  to  be  so  liberal  with  straw  and  sand,  both  of 
which  are  usually  sparingly  used,  as  they  are  scarce  articles,  and  have  to  be 
shipped  in  from  other  parts  of  the  country.) 

"In  the  yard  where  the  cows  are  gathered  together  will  be  seen  the  farmer 
with  a  couple  of  helpers,  sizing  up  his  cows  with  a  critical  eye.  He  is  actually 
measuring  and  comparing  them,  for  he  wants  to  have  a  good-looking  herd  of 
cows  this  winter,  and  this  cannot  be  accomplished  if  you  put  them  in  haphazard. 
The  tallest  cow  stands  in  the  middle  of  the  stable,  the  two  next  in  size  on  either 
side,  and  so  down  to  the  two  smallest  cows  at  the  ends.  But  then  the  cows 
stand  two  in  a  stall,  and  width  and  breadth,  as  well  as  matching  in  color  and 
individual  cows'  likes  and  dislikes,  have  to  be  considered.  So  you  see  it  is 
quite  a  complicated  job,  not  to  be  done  too  hastily,  for  it  may  mean  money  a 
few  months  afterwards,  when  the  foreign  dealer  comes  to  buy  cows,  if  they  are 
stabled  effectively.  But  before  putting  in  the  cows,  maybe  it  would  be  as  well 
to  have  a  look  at  the  stable  first.  The  average  farmer  stables  about  forty  head 
of  cattle,  twenty  head  of  milch  cows,  ten  two-year-olds,  that  will  drop  their 
first  calves  this  winter,  and  ten  yearlings — that  is,  they  will  be  a  year  old  some 
time  between  now  and  spring.  There  is  always  a  yearling  bull  and  sometimes 
an  '  old  bull '  that  is  two  or  three  years  old. 

"  The  cow  stable,  though  under  the  same  roof  as  the  barn,  is  wholly  separ- 
ated from  the  hay  by  a  brick  wall  upon  which  rests  the  ceiling.  The  ceiling, 
over  the  cows,  is  tight,  but  over  the  walk  the  boards  are  loose,  so  that  they  can 
be  raised  for  ventilating  purposes.  The  stalls  (for  two  cows)  are  about  five  feet 
square,  the  gutter  is  about  one  foot  deep  and  two  feet  wide;  the  walk  five  feet 
wide.  The  cow  stalls,  however,  are  about  two  feet  above  the  walk,  so  the  cows 
stand  three  feet  higher  than  the  bottom  of  the  gutter,  and  the  ceiling,  which  is 
about  seven  feet  above  the  walk,  is  but  five  feet  above  the  floor  of  the  cow 
stalls.  Each  stall  is  lighted  by  a  little  window,  about  a  foot  square  in  the  wall 
the  cows  are  facing.  Besides  from  these,  the  stable  receives  light  through  two 
long  windows,  one  on  each  side  of  the  outside  stable  door.  The  bottom  stall, 
as  a  rule,  is  a  single  one,  and  is  reserved  for  the  bull.  The  partitions  between 
each  stall  are  three  feet  high,  and  reach  back  from  the  wall  about  three  feet. 
The  stalls  are  level,  except  for  about  a  foot  from  the  wall,  which  is  paved  with 
brick  and  slightly  higher  than  the  rest  and  does  service  as  feeding  floor.  Some- 
times in,  but  usually  above  this  feeding  floor  mostly,  is  a  watering  trough, 
running  the  whole  length  of  the  stable.  The  two  feet  behind  this  feeding  floor 
usually  is  clay,  though  sometimes  flat  tile,  while  the  two-foot  space  next  to  the 
gutter,  though  still  called  the  footboard,  is  seldom  wood,  but  hard  brick,  laid 
in  cement.  The  gutter,  of  course,  is  built  of  brick,  also  with  glazed  tiles  in  the 
bottom:  the  wall  is  laid  in  brick  and  cement.  The  stalls  for  yearlings  and  two- 
year-olds  are  on  the  same  plan,  but  each  a  size  smaller.  I  don't  think  that  even 
the  most  prejudiced  of  Dutch  farmers  claim  that  these  high  stalls  are  an  ad  van- 


28  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE 


tage,but  they  help  to  make  the  cows  show  up  well,  a  great  point  with  them,  and 
besides  they  prevent  the  cows  ever  standing  with  hind  feet  in  the  gutter  and 
thus  dirty  the  stable,  platform,  and  eventually  themselves,  another  important 
point.  Probably  somebody  will  think  that  the  cows,  slipping  on  the  stall,  would 
fall  in  the  gutter  and  thus  get  hung,  or  seriously  injured,  but  experience  has 
taught  them  to  be  careful,  and  they  seldom  slip.  When  they  do  slip  serious 
consequences  are  avoided  by  the  'mis-step.'  The  gutter  wall  upon  which  the 
'footboard'  rests  sticks  out  half  a  brick's  length  from  under  the  'footboard' 
thus  giving  a  foothold  to  the  slipping  cow,  of  which  she  quickly  avails  herself 
to  regain  a  safe  position. 

"Our  farmer  by  this  time  has  got  his  stable  nearly  filled,  and  you  notice 
now  as  he  slides  the  bridge  along  to  the  next  stall  that  the  one  end  of  it  rests 
on  this  mis-step,  and  the  other  on  the  stable  floor,  and  that  cleats,  nailed  on  the 
bottom  and  resting  against  the  sides  of  the  gutter,  effectually  prevent  its  slip- 
ping. Here  are  the  next  two  cows,  and  as  we  are  very  much  in  the  road,  we'll 
step  on  one  of  the  stalls  already  filled  and  look  at  the  mode  of  tying.  Each 
cow  carries  on  her  neck  a  sort  of  iron  yoke,  with  open  clasp.  On  this  are  strung 
two  chains,  one  of  which  is  fastened  to  the  partition  about  a  foot  from  the  wall, 
and  the  other  to  the  post  at  the  end  of  the  partition,  two  feet  from  the  gutter. 
If  the  cow  develops  a  tendency  to  stand  too  far  forward,  the  latter  chain  is 
shortened  and  the  former  lengthened,  which  compels  her  to  stand  nearer  the 
gutter.  If  the  reverse  is  desired,  the  second  is  lengthened  and  the  first  short- 
ened. It  is,  however,  of  course,  desirable  to  have  the  cows  stand  as  far  back 
as  possible,  and  the  slooping  roof  in  front  has  also  a  tendency  to  throw  them 
back  when  standing. 

"The  last  cow  is  stabled,  the  bridge  is  taken  outside  to  be  scrubbed  off  and 
put  away  for  further  use,  the  farmer  gets  his  scissors  and  starts  to  trim  the 
tails,  the  cows,  which  did  not  get  much  to  eat  to-day,  have  devoured  the  hay 
and  are  bawling  restlessly,  and  the  farmer  orders  them  fed  from  the  grass  piled 
up  outside  the  barn,  or,  if  he  is  a  progressive  man,  maybe  from  the  preserved 
grass.  (Preserved  grass  is  simply  grass  piled  up  into  a  big  pile,  often  on  top 
of  the  ground,  sometimes  partly  in  the  ground,  the  top  covered  with  a  few  feet 
of  earth  ;  grass  ensilage  without  a  silo.)  That  done,  the  floor  is  swept  and  the 
farmer  left  alone  with  his  cows,  save  maybe  for  the  boy  who  washes  the  tails. 
Winter  has  commenced.  Before  leaving  we'll  take  a  look  at  the  tail  the  farmer 
has  just  finished.  He  has  cut  away  all  the  hair  on  the  upper  part  of  the  tail, 
reaching  even  the  long  hair  at  the  root  of  the  tail.  Only  the  switch  is  left,  and 
where  it  commences  he  has  wrapped  around  the  tail  some  long  straws  ;  then 
taking  a  bunch  of  hair  of  the  switch,  he  has  plaited  it  and  the  long  ends  of  the 
straw  together  till  the  plait  was  long  enough  to  be  knotted.  Over  this  knot  he 
has  slipped  the  leather  strap  of  the  tail  line,  fastened  it,  the  knot  preventing  its 
slipping  off  again.  The  cow,  although  she  has  the  free  use  of  her  tail,  cannot 
drag  it  through  the  dirt  when  lying  down,  as  the  tail  line  reaches  only  from' 
ceiling  to  within  a  few  inches  of  the  platform. 

"In  order  to  see  the  dairy  in  good  running  order  and  to  be  able  to  note  all 
the  small  details  of  its  management,  we'll  rise  about  4  o'clock,  one  morning  in 
April  or  March,  and  leave  the  village  with  one  of  the  laborers,  who 'work  on  the 
farm.  After  arriving  there,  after  a  five  or  ten  minutes'  walk,  we  arouse  the 
still  sleeping  farmer,  and  on  being  let  in,  our  guide  lights  his  lantern  and  we 
proceed  straightway  to  the  stables.  While  our  man  takes  off  several  coats  or 
wrappers,  for  the  weather  is  cold  and  raw,  and  puts  on  in  their  place  light 
Overalls  and  jackets,  for  the  temperature  here  is  somewhere  between  60  and  70 
deg.,  Fahr.  The  cows,  too,  wake  up,  rise  and  lazily  stretch  themselves.  Our 
man  has  picked  up  an  old  broom  and  with  it  proceeds  to  clean  such  footboards 
as  need  it  and  the  mis-step.  Then  he  picks  up  a  small  can  with  sand,  hanging 
on  the  wall,  scattering  a  handful  on  every  slippery  stall.  This  done,  he  goes  to 
the  lower  end  of  the  stable,  takes  a  stick  with  a  small  board  nailed  to  the 
bottom,  and  with  it  shoves  up  the  manure  toward  the  stalls,  thus  allowing  the 
urine  to  pass  off  through  a  drain  to  a  cistern  outside.  This  done  he  goes  outside, 
but  reappears  immediately  with  a  huge  wheel-barrow  and  large,  long-handled, 
wooden  shovel  and  begins  to  clean  out  the  gutter. 

"Meanwhile  the  farmer  and  a  couple  of  sons  or  hired  hands,  have^made  their 
appearance.  The  farmer  himself  opens  one  of  the  doors  leading  to  the  hay  bins, 
and  taking  enough  hay  on  his  fork  for  two  cows  starts  to  feed.  Having  fed 
all,  and  carefully,  with  a  new  broom  swept  up  all  the  hay  he  may  have 


30  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

dropped,  he  joins  the  two   boys,   and  probably  a  girl  who  has  just  arrived, 
milking. 

"Meanwhile  our  first  man  has  finished  cleaning  out  the  main  stable,  and  now 
takes  down  the  big  wooden  buckets,  that  have  been  hung  up  during  the  night 
on  slats  nailed  to  the  ceiling,  and  gets  ready  for  the  first  watering.  In  the 
niche  behind  the  pump  are  setting  three  or  four  tubs  filled  with  buttermilk 
(the  whole  milk  is  churned  during  the  winter  months,  which  accounts  for  the 
large  amount  of  buttermilk)  and  one  with  oil  meal  gruel,  and  out  of  these  he 
partly  fills  the  buckets,  the  heaviest  milkers,  of  course,  receiving  the  heaviest 
share.  One  of  the  boys  fills  the  pails  under  the  pump.  Dry  cows  get  pure 
water.  Thus  with  two  buckets  filled  with  'half  and  half  or  'straight'  as  the 
case  may  be,  our  man  jumps  on  the  stalls.  No  light  work  as  you  will  readily 
see,  when  you  know  that  each  bucket  holds  about  five  gallons.  As  soon  as  all 
have  been  watered  the  farmer  starts  feeding  again,  the  man  finishes  cleaning 
out  the  small  stables  and  the  boys  the  milking. 

"This  all  done  they  get  ready  for  the  second  watering,  for  I  forgot  to  say 
that  the  cows  only  got  one  pailful  apiece,  the  young  stock  none  at  all.  If  there 
are  troughs  the  second  watering  is  very  much  easier,  these  only  have  to  be 
pumped  full  and  the  young  stock  to  be  watered.  Yearlings  never  get  pure  water 
at  all,  only  the  mixture  described  before  and  never  more  than  from  one-half 
to  a  whole  pailful,  according  to  size  and  season,  however  much  they  seem  to 
desire  more.  By  the  time  all  have  been  watered  the  farmer  has  also  fed  them 
all  for  the  third  time.  Leaving  the  cows  to  eat  this,  all  proceed  to  breakfast. 
When  this  meal  is  finished  the  cows  have  also  finished  their  hay,  but  as  soon  as 
the  men  reappear,  indicate  by  their  expectant  looks  and  restless  movements, 
that  more  is  coming.  This  most  usually  consists  of  linseed  cake,  fed  in  cake 
shape,  but  sometimes  it  is  cottonseed  cake,  corn  meal,  bean  meal,  pea  meal, 
peanut  meal  cake,  etc.  Whatever  it  is,  it  is  always  fed  in  cake  shape,  corn, 
pea  or  bean  meal  being  often  baked  into  bread.  Bean— Faba  vulgaris. 

"  While  the  farmer  is  feeding  them,  the  boys  get  their  curry  combs  and 
brushes,  and  give  each  cow  a  thorough  grooming.  As  this  has  been  done  every 
day  since  last  fall,  however,  it  does  not  take  much  time,  and  half  an  hour  later 
all  of  the  stalls  have  been  swept  up,  and  one  after  the  other  the  cows  lie  down 
grumbling  over  their  distended  stomachs.  The  tails  get  washed  now,  the  floor 
is  carefully  swept,  sand  is  sprinkled,  the  watering  buckets  are  carried  out  to 
get  washed  and  aired,  and  quiet  reigns.  Looking  at  the  watch  we  find  it  to  be 
about  8  o'clock.  Everybody  goes  to  his  day's  work,  only  the  farmer  or  one  of 
the  boys  stays  behind.  He  throws  down  the  hay  for  tonight's  and  tomorrow 
morning's  feeding,  grinds  the  oil  cake  and  mixes  the  gruel,  cleans  the  stalls 
whenever  the  cows  dirty  them,  brushes  such  ones  as  need  it  with  a  new  broom 
occasionally,  and  untangles  and  spreads  the  hair  of  the  switches,  beds  and 
brushes  the  young  calves,  which  you  usually  will  find  in  one  of  the  empty  hay 
bins,  and  which,  though  they  get  nothing  since  they  were  a  week  old  but  but- 
termilk and  hay,  look  sleek  and  healthy.  If  a  cow  calves  he  will  put  the  bridge 
behind  her,  put  the  calf  in  the  calf  pen,  tie  it,  slip  out  the  cow  a  little  several 
times  a  day,  and.  if  she  is  a  good  cow,  milk  her  three  or  four  times  a  day  after- 
wards for  several  days.  Besides,  if  she  is  older  than  three  years,  he'll  blanket 
her  immediately  after  calving,  and  keep  her  blanketed  for  a  week  or  ten  days. 
Thus  he  is  usually  kept  busy  till  11  o'clock,  when  the  men  arrive.  They  go  in 
to  their  coffee,  followed  at  12  o'clock  by  dinner,  after  which  he  usually,  after 
cleaning  up,  closes  the  blinds  and  leaves  the  cows  to  their  dreams  and  cuds. 
Some  farmers  give  a  feed  of  hay  at  noon,  but  the  majority  object  to  that  prac- 
tice, claiming  that  it  makes  the  cows  restless.  Half-past  three  he  reappears  : 
after  carefully  cleaning  each  feeding  floor,  slightly  sprinkling  each  stall,  all 
hands  go  in  for  their  4  o'clock  tea,  after  which  the  performances  of  the  morn- 
ing are  repeated  in  exactly  the  same  succession,  except  the  currying.  Imme- 
diately after  supper,  however,  a  trip  is  made  through  the  stables,  all  filth  removed 
from  the  platforms,  and  this  is  repeated  at  least  once  more  before  retiring. 

"  Taking  a  view  of  the  herd,  we  notice  the  following  things  :  1st,  that  cows 
older  than  eight  years  are  scarce  ;  if  there  be  such  a  one,  she  is  some  excep- 
tional milker  that  for  some  reason  or  other  never  could  be  sold  for  her  full 
value,  and  by  whose  longer  keeping  nothing  is  lost,  for  cows  are  sold  before 
their  eighth  year  because  a  greater  age  unfits  them  for  export,  which  fact,  of 
course,  has  a  depreciating  effect  on  their  market  value  :  3d,  that  two-year-olds 
all  drop  their  calves  early  in  the  season — January  and  February  ;  and  3d,  that 
three-year-olds  calve  in  April  and  May." 


CHAPTER   V. 

HOW  BREED    WAS   DEVELOPED — SPREAD  OF  THE  BREED   IN  EUROPE. 

This  breed  has  been  developed  in  the  hands  of  these  Holland  dairymen,  not 
only  through  the  general  influences  of  care  and  feeding,  such  as  we  have 
described,  but  also  through  appeals  to  the  bovine  instincts  and  provisions  for 
the  comfort  of  their  cows,  that  may  seem  to  some  insignificant  or  valueless. 

All  of  their  milch  cows  are  provided  with  blankets  to  be  worn  in  the  fields 
in  damp,  stormy,  chilling  weather.  They  have  many  days  of  such  weather  in 
spring  and  autumn.  These  blankets  are  made  of  heavy  hempen  cloth.  They 
are  made  to  cover  the  upper  parts  of  the  animal  from  the  forward  parts  of  the 
shoulder  tops  to  nearly  the  extremities  of  their  rumps.  They  are  held  in  place 
by  cords,  also  made  of  hemp,  about  an  eighth  of  an  inch  in  diameter,  fastened 
to  eyelet  holes  in  the  borders  of  the  blankets.  There  are  seven  of  these  cords 
and  fourteen  eyelet  holes.  One  of  these  cords  passes  under  each  forearm,  one 
under  each  thigh,  one  around  the  rump  and  another  forward  of  the  chest  at  the 
points  of  the  shoulders.  Thus  they  sometimes  wear  them  night  and  day  for 
weeks  at  a  time. 

If  their  cows  are  distant  in  the  fields  they  go  to  them  to  milk  them  rather 
than  subject  them  to  the  fatigue  of  being  driven  to  the  milking  yard  near  the 
farmhouse.  At  such  times  the  milkers  are  seen  going  and  coming  with  large 
pails  suspended  by  yokes  from  their  shoulders  or  drawing  carts  loaded  with 
cans.  Their  rnilch  cows  are  never  driven  by  dogs.  They  are  rarely  beaten  or 
subjected  to  other  rough  treatment.  Not  that  these  Holland  dairymen  are 
marvelously  good  tempered,  but  they  recognize  the  fact  that  such  treatment  is 
poor  economy;  that  tired  or  bruised  muscles  invariably  result  in  loss,  both  of 
quality  and  quantity  of  milk.  They  have  also  learned  that  all  nervous  excite- 
ment of  whatever  nature  lessens  milk  production.  Hence  not  only  in  manage- 
ment but  in  breeding  they  seek  to  perpetuate  quietness  of  disposition.  The 
uneasy,  fighting  temperament  that  a  class  of  American  dairymen  are  trying  to 
exalt  into  a  bovine  virtue  they  regard  as  a  great  vice  in  a  milch  cow.  Their 
cows  are  rarely  seen  uneasily  ranging  their  fields.  They  seldom  have  conflicts 
with  one  another  or  display  a  disposition  for  mastery.  They  approach  strange 
cows  with  apparent  desire  to  form  a  friendly  acquaintance.  They  display 
strong  social  tendencies.  They  love  to  be  petted.  Children  caress  them  without 
fear.  And  a  strange  person  entering  a  herd  is  regarded  with  friendly  curiosity 
rather  than  with  terror  or  belligerency. 

The  practice  of  removing  calves  from  the  sight  and  hearing  of  their  dams 
immediately  on  being  dropped  is  universal.  It  has  been  objected  to  as  unnat- 
ural, yet  it  is  the  kindest  treatment  possible  in  dairy  husbandry.  The  calves 
learn  to  drink  with  very  little  trouble,  and  the  nervous  strain  on  the  cows,  the 
moaning  and  lowing  that  comes  from  parting  after  being  together  a  few  hours 
or  a  few  days,  is  avoided.  There  is  another  feature  in  such  practice  that  is 
deserving  of  our  attention.  When  the  calves  are  thus  removed  the  instinctive 
affection  that  cows  have  for  their  offspring  is  of  ten  largely  transferred  to  their 
milkers.  How  far  this  may  affect  milk  production  is  a  subject  of  much  inter- 
est. Within  certain  physical  limits  the  will  of  the  cow  has  much  to  do  with 
milk  giving.  She  gives  freely  to  an  object  of  her  attachment,  less  freely  to  an 
object  of  her  indifference,  and  sometimes  largely  withholds  from  an  object  of 
her  fear  or  hatred.  It  is  possible  that  here  lies  one  of  the  strongest  influences 
that  has  operated  to  make  the  cows  of  this  breed  such  extraordinary  milkers. 
There  is  another  fact  connected  with  this  subject.  Other  things  being  equal, 
the  cow  gives  milk  according  to  the  demands  made  on  her.  Such  demands  are 
made  known  to  her  instincts  by  the  frequency,  rapidity  and  completeness  with 
which  her  milk  is  drawn.  These  Holland  dairymen  often  milk  their  cows 
three  times  a  day,  for  a  period  of  several  weeks  after  dropping  their  calves. 
Their  milkers,  men  and  women,  generally  have  large,  strong  hands  and  milk 
with  rapidity  and  thoroughness.  Thus  the  conditions  for  favorable  appeal  to 
the  maternal  instincts  are  maintained. 

These  breeders  keep  but  few  bulls.     These  are  selected  from  their  choicest 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


and  most  vigorous  milkers.  They  commence  using  them  at  about  fourteen 
months  old.  They  are  rarely  kept  beyond  three  years  of  age.  Many  are  turned 
to  the  butcher  at  the  close  of  their  first  year's  service.  They  are  invariably  kept 
in  fine  condition  and  as  a  rule  are  not  allowed  to  run  with  their  herds.  So 
far  as  discovered  no  unfavorable  results  have  followed  from  the  use  of  young 
bulls.  All  classes  of  their  cattle  mature  young.  Probably  the  cattle  of  no 
other  breed  show  such  rapid  growth  the  first  year.  At  two  years  of  age  their 
heifers  drop  their  first  calves,  and  they  are  generally  kept  breeding  as  long  as 


they  live.     Few  of  them  milk  less  than  ten  months  a  year  and  many  of  them 
exceed  this  period. 

The  value  of  a  breed  of  cattle  may  be  judged  somewhat  by  its  aggressive- 
ness, or  in  other  words  by  the  extent  of  territory  over  which  it  spreads  in 
competition  with  other  breeds.  Especially  is  this  true  of  dairy  breeds,  found, 


HOW  BREED  WAS  DEVELOPED.  33 


as  such  breeds  are,  only  in  civilized  countries  and  on  valuable  lands.  Thus 
viewed,  this  breed  will  be  found  entitled  to  the  appellation  we  have  assumed  for 
it.  It  is  found  in  more  countries  than  any  other  breed,  occupying  more  terri- 
tory, and  is  probably  producing  more  milk,  cheese  and  butter"  than  all  others 
combined.  These  facts  are  brought  forcibly  to  our  attention  by  the  reports  of 
American  consuls  in  the  commercial  centers  of  Europe,  In  answer  to  inquiries 
made  by  our  Department  of  State  in  1883.  Going  south  from  the  two  Nether- 
land  provinces,  North  Holland  and  Friesland,  where  this  breed  originated,  and 
from  whence  it  is  mainly  sought,  it  has  spread  over  the  provinces  of  Utrecht 
and  South  Holland,  almost  exclusively  occupying  them.  Farther  south  is  the 
kingdom  of  Belgium,  the  most  densely  populated  state  in  Europe.  Three  of  its 
provinces  are  largely  devoted  to  dairying,  Antwerp  and  East  and  West  Flanders. 
We  quote  from  these  reports,  as  impartially  giving  the  position  it  occupies  in  this 
country. 

Says  Consul  Stewart  of  Antwerp:  "  Antwerp  prefers  to  improve  her  stock 
by  the  introduction  of  the  Dutch  race,  because  the  dairy  is  the  result  aimed  at 
and  but  little  attention  is  paid  to  other  products.  The  cow  is  valued  only  by 
her  milk-giving  qualities  and  for  this  purpose  the  Dutch  are  much  the  best." 

Says  Consul  Wilson  of  Brussels:  "  In  the  province  of  Antwerp  the  produc- 
tion of  milk  and  butter  and  the  raising  of  vegetables  for  London  and  Antwerp 
markets  are  found  so  much  more  profitable  than  the  growing  of  beef  cattle  that 
the  farmers  of  that  district  will  have  nothing  to  do  with  any  but  such  cattle  as 
produce  the  largest  amount  of  milk  upon  the  smallest  amount  of  food,  and  for 
this  they  prefer  the  pure  Dutch  cow  or  her  crosses  with  the  Flemish  animal." 

Says  Consul  Tanner  of  Liege:  "  So  far  as  the  different  breeds  of  cattle  in 
Belgium  are  concerned  they  are  as  numerous  as  there  are  localities  of  different 
names  and  there  has  not  been  that  general  and  universal  effort  to  retain  purity 
of  breed  in  Belgium,  such  as  has  been  the  case  in  England.  There  has  been  effort, 
however,  to  this  end  in  a  few  cases  of  families  of  rank,  who  have  been  very 
particular  about  the  pedigrees  of  their  cattle,  and  therefore  in  this  way  there 
are  several  breeds  that  have  retained  their  untarnished  pedigrees  most  faith- 
fully. The  breeds  to  which  I  allude  present  now  in  outward  appearance  and 
in  results  for  both  the  dairy  and  for  beef  cattle  that  cannot  be  surpassed  in  the 
world.  This  is  more  particularly  true  of  the  breeds  known  "here  as  the  Hol- 
landais  or  Dutcli  cow  and  the  Flamande  or  Belgium  cow.  There  is  a  strong 
likeness  between  these  two  breeds  that  suggests  unmistakably  to  a  judge  of 

cattle,  a  common  origin The  Hollandais  or  Dutch  cattle,  on  the  whole,  I 

think,  are  generally  more  esteemed  than  any  other." 

This  consul  adds  a  table  of  weights,  measurements,  prices  and  numbers. 
We  quote  the  last  two  items  as  follows: 

Team  t>  r,f  Ri-^H  Price  per  Head  No.  in 

(average),  Cow.  Belgium. 

Hollandais,  Dutch  or  Holstein.          .        .  $118  to  $180  169.000 
Flamande  or  Belgian— three  types, 

Boulonnais, 195  to    252.50  210,000 

Bourbonne 118  to    148.50  210,000 

Picardy, 118  to    148.50  210,000 

Danois 110  to    135  80,000 

Flechet 60  to    100  10,000 

Charleroi 60  to      90  80,000 

Conten tine  (Norman),         ....  60  to      90  80,000 

I/Oldenbourg, 55  to      70  122,000 

Durham 65  to      85  50,000 

Ayrshire 65  to      80  1 5,000 

Jersey 60  to      75  10,000     . 

Consul  Wilson  also  gives  the  prices  at  which  cattle  of  these  two  leading 
breeds  are  generally  sold,  as  follows,  viz.: 

Flemish  or  Belgian  (Flamande)  bulls.  $120  to  $140       Holland  three-year-old  bulls,          $100  to  $120 
cows,    200  to    240  cows,  160  to    200 

These  extracts  are  from  the  reports  of  all  the  consuls.  The  full  force  of' 
them  cannot  be  seen  without  taking  into  consideration  the  peculiar  situation  of 
Belgium.  It  is  but  a  short  distance  from  England,  North  Holland  and  the 
Islands  of  Jersey  and  Guernsey.  Cattle  from  these  points  can  be  imported  very 
cheaply.  The  government  has  granted  subsidies  for  the  importation  of  foreign 
breeds  to  improve  the  stock  of  the  country.  No  country  is  so  well  situated  to 
pass  judgment  on  the  various  breeds.  The  dairymen  of  this  country  have 
been  acting  the  part  of  a  great  jury.  Their  suffrages  are  shown  in  the  reports 


34  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

from  which  we  have  quoted.  The  Flamande  or  Belgian  breed  is  of  the  same 
race  as  the  Holland  breed,  virtually  originating  from  it.  Consul  Tanner  says 
of  it:  "This  breed  of  cows  ranks  almost  equally  with  the  Dutch,  even  in 
North  Holland,  and  in  France,  Germany  and  Switzerland  are  esteemed  above 
any  English  breeds  by  all  those  who  know  cattle.  That  which  this  breed  lacks 
in  quantity  of  milk  it  makes  up  in  quality,  and  that  which  it  lacks  in  size  for 
beef  is  compensated  for  in  the  same  way.  These  two  breeds  (Hollandais  and 
Flamande)  are  as  gentle  and  kind  in  disposition  as  it  is  possible  for  cattle 
to  be."  Consul  Wilson  says  of  them:  "The  color  of  the  Belgian  cattle  (Flam- 
ande breed)  is  most  frequently  black  and  white,  while  the  Hollanders  are  the 
same,  but  sometimes  with  a  sprinkle  of  corn  or  tan  color,  something  like  that  of 
the  Alderneys.  Sometimes  this  gets  to  be  almost  red  like  the  Durhams;  but 
in  both  the  dominant  colors  are  black  and  white  placed  in  large  spots  over  the 
body." 

There  is  no  doubt  these  two  breeds,  so  called,  are  of  the  same  blood  and 
might  be  as  properly  ranked  together  as  one  and  the  same  breed,  as  are  the 
various  colored  animals  of  the  Ayrshire  breed,  or  indeed  the  various  colored 
animals  of  the  Jersey  and  Guernsey  breeds.  If  they  are  thus  considered,  what 
an  overwhelming  verdict  in  its  favor  are  the  statistics  that  we  have  quoted. 
No  one  can  question  this  verdict.  From  it  there  can  be  no  appeal.  It  is  from 
the  highest  possible  source  of  authority.  The  trial  was  not  of  superior  animals 
selected  out  of  thousands  to  represent  the  breeds,  but  of  the  breeds  themselves, 
each  as  a  whole.  It  does  not  follow  that  a  similar  verdict  would  be  rendered 
by  dairymen  in  mountainous  districts  on  comparatively  unfertile  soils,  with 
widely  different  markets;  but  it  does  follow  that  on  fertile  soils  and  level  lands, 
in  densely  populated  countries,  no  breed  or  race  can  successfully  compete  with 
this.  If,  however,  they  are  considered  distinct  and  separate,  it  leaves  them 
about  equally  matched:  two  branches  from  the  same  parent  stock,  each  superior 
to  the  other  breed.  We  have  no  animals  in  this  country  of  the  Flamande 
branch;  we  have  only  the  Hollandais  or  Holstein-Friesian,  and  hence  the  verdict 
of  the  dairymen  of  Belgium  goes  alone  to  its  credit. 

Eastward  from  its  place  of  origin,  this  race  has  spread  even  more  extensively 
than  southward.  It  has  come  to  occupy  whole  provinces  of  the  German 
Empire,  notably,  East  Friesland  and  Oldenburg,  in  both  of  which  it  has  been 
so  long  and  so  universally  kept  that  it  has  become  modified  by  the  peculiarities 
of  climate  and  use,  and  is  regarded  as  indigenous.  In  East  Friesland  it  has 
come  to  be  taller  and  more  rangy  in  build;  in  Oldenburg  more  nearly  resem- 
bling the  English  Shorthorn. 

In  1865  John  H.  Klippart,  then  one  of  the  most  prominent  students  of  agri- 
culture and  secretary  of  the  Ohio  state  board,  was  commissioned  by  that  body 
to  make  a  tour  of  observation  upon  the  agricultural  progress  of  Europe.  His 
first  attention  was  given  to  the  International  Fair  held  at  Stettin,  Prussia. 
Here  he  found  255  cattle  classed  as  belonging  to  the  milch  breeds.  Of  these 
129  were  entered  as  Hollanders  and  39  as  East  Friesians.  The  entries  of  no 
other  breed  exceeded  ten  animals.  The  Ayrshires  were  represented  by  six 
animals  and  the  Jerseys  by  one.  In  his  report  he  says  :  "The  Oldenburgers  do 
not  differ  materially  from  their  progenitors,  the  Friesian  or  Holland  race,"  but 
adds,  "they  are  more  rounded,  plump  and  shorter  in  the  body  and  legs."  Of 
the  East  Friesian  or  Breitenburg  race  he  says,  "It  might  with  great  propriety 
be  classed  as  a  branch  of  the  great  Friesian  or  Holland  race."  Speaking 
further  of  the  families  or  branches  of  the  Holland  race  he  says,  "all  these  are 
celebrated  milkers,  the  yield  ranging  from  22  to  38  quarts  per  day  per  cow." 

In  his  report  on  the  different  provinces  of  the  German  Empire  he  says 
of  Pomerania,  "Holland  cows  are  very  popular  here  as  milkers;"  of  Posen, 
"Imported  animals  on  the  manors  consist  chiefly  of  Holland,  Oldenburg, 
Schwitz  and  Allgan  races,  but  recently  Shorthorns  have  been  added  ;"  of 
Westphalia,  "In  Westphalia  the  Holland  race  is  very  popular  and  extensive 
importations  are  made  of  this  race.  From  forty  to  a  hundred  cows  of  this  race 
are  frequently  found  on  manors  ;"  of  Brandenburg  and  Saxony,  "In  Halberstadt 
district  there  are  annually  a  large  number  of  calves,  heifers  in  calf,  and  cows 
in  calf  imported  from  Holland." 

These  quotations  show  the  tendency  of  this  breed  towards  occupying  the 
dairy  sections  of  the  German  Empire  in  1865.  Since  then  herd  book  associa- 
tions have  been  formed  and  herd  books  commenced  in  that  country,  one  for 
registering  cattle  of  the  East  Friesland  branch  or  breed,  another  for  the 


SPREAD  OF  BREED  IN   EUROPE.  35 


Oldenburg  branch  or  breed  and  still  another  for  Holland  cattle  more  recently 
introduced  and  their  descendants.  The  effect  of  the  associations  is  to  further 
stimulate  the  breeding  and  spread  of  this  race.  Its  strongest  competitors  are 
the  Angeln,  the  Allgauer  and  the  Schwytzer  races,  each  of  which  has  a  herd 
book  in  Germany  for  their  special  registry. 

The  reports  of  American  consuls  in  answer  to  questions  from  our  Depart- 
ment of  State  in  1883  give  us  a  view  of  the  present  situation.  Consul  Schoeule 
of  Barmen  says  :  "The  Dutch  and  East  Friesland  breeds,  which  are  driven  into 
almost  every  German  district,  may  be  considered  the  predominant  pure  breeds 
of  Germany."  Commercial  Agent  Warner  of  Dusseldorf  says:  "The  Dutch 
breed  is  very  largely  cultivated  in  the  districts  of  Cleve  and  Rees."  Consul 
General  Brewer  of  Berlin  says:  "The  cows  of  East  Friesia  are  especially 
remarkable  for  the  abundance  of  milk  which  they  give.  These  cattle  in  form 
and  build  are  heavier  oven  than  the  Dutch  cattle  and  stronger  in  the  bone. 
A  great  many  of  them  are  sent  to  Mecklenburg  and  Pomerania,  where  with 
ordinary  good  treatment  good  results  are  obtained."  Consul  Mason  of  Dresden 
reports  that  in  1880  there  was  kept  in  the  province  of  Saxony  for  service  2162 
bulls  of  the  Oldenburg  breed,  813  of  the  Dutch  breed  and  17  of  the  Breitenburg 
(East  Friesian)  breed.  A  total  of  3992  pure  bred  bulls  of  the  Holstein-Friesian 
race.  In  the  same  year  there  were  but  95  bulls  of  all  the  English  breeds  and 
races  kept  for  such  use  in  that  province.  The  whole  number  of  bulls  of  all 
classes  was  10,128. 

One  of  the  most  remarkable  reports  on  this  subject  was  that  of  Consul 
Ditmar  for  the  province  of  Silesia.  This  province  is  situated  in  the  extreme 
southeast  part  of  the  empire.  He  says:  Taking  at  random  400  of  the  larger 
estates  in  various  parts  of  the  province  in  order  to  ascertain  which  is  the  most 
favorite  breed  I  find  that  on  the  estates  the  following  cattle  are  kept: 

Breeds  of  Cattle.  Estates.  Breeds  of  Cattle.  Estates. 

Dutch  cattle  of  more  or  less  pure  blood,    .    141      Silesian  and  Shorthorn  cross,  .        .        .        3 

Dutch  and  Silesian  cross,      ....      35      Silesian,  Highland  and  Swiss,  .        .        .        2 

Dutch  and  Oldenburg  cross,         .        .  20      Silesian  and  Friesian  cross,  ...        1 


Dutch  and  Swiss  cross, 
Dutch  and  Shorthorn  cross, 
Dutch,  English  and  Shorthorn  cross, 
Dutch  and  Zillerthat  cross, 
Dutch  and  Wilstermarsh  cross,  . 
Dutch  and  English  cross, 
Dutch  and  German  cross,     . 
Dutch,  Oldenburg  and  Swiss  cross,     . 
Dutch  and  Murzthal  (Styrian)  cross, 
Dutch  and  East  Friesian  cross,    . 
Dutch,  Swiss  and  Wilstermarsh  cross, 
Dutch  and  Algan  (Bavarian)  cross, 


10  Oldenburg, 15 

9  Oldenburg  and  Shorthorn  cross,          .        .  3 

6  Oldenburg  and  Wilstermarsh  cross,    .        .  3 
1  Oldenburg  and  Swiss  cross,          ...  1 

12  East  Friesian, 9 

1  East  Friesian  and  Wilstermarsh  cross,      .  2 

7  Wilstermarsh, 7 

2  Wilstermarsh,  Montafun  and  Swiss  cross,  1 
1  Wilstermarsh  and  Holsteins,        ...  2 
1  Wilstermai  sh  and  mixed  breeds,        .        .  2 
1  Cows  of  various  breeds  and  Wilstermarsh 


3         bulls, 1 

Dutch  and  Dantzig  cross 4      Shorthorns, 4 

Dutch  and  Tondern  (Schleswig-Holstein)  Shorthorns  and  Ayrshires,    ....  1 

cross, 1  Shorthorns  and  mixed  breeds,     ...  2 

Dutch,  Silesian  and  Wilstermarsh  cross,   .  1      Ayrshires, 3 

Dutch,  Oldenburg  and  Wilstermarsh  cross,  1      Swiss, 5 

Dutch  and  Ayrshire  cross,    ....  1  Swiss  with  various  crosses,  ....  3 

Mixed  Dutch  and  other  races,      ...  14      Dantzig, 1 

Silesian  Lowland 27      Murzthal 1 

Silesian  Highland, 1      Algan, 3 

Silesian  and  Oldenburg  cross,      .        .        .12      Old  German, 1 

Silesian  and  Swiss  cross 1      Tondern 1 

Silesian  and  Schleswig  cross,       ...  1  Mixed  breeds  of  various  races,     ...  9 

A  report  thus  in  detail  is  more  significant  than  anything  that  can  be  given 
in  general  terms.  It  seems  to  us  that  this  report  demonstrates  the  conquering 
nature  of  Dutch  cattle. 

Silesia  lies  between  the  parallels  of  49  and  52  degrees,  and  contains  15,500 
square  miles.  The  southern  parts  of  Middle  and  Lower  Silesia  are  mountain- 
ous. The  rest  of  the  province  is  level. 

The  grasses  are  timothy,  rye  grass,  red  clover,  white  clover,  esparsette,  ser- 
radella  and  lucerne.  Indian  corn  is  raised  for  fodder,  but  does  not  ripen. 
Much  care  has  been  bestowed  on  the  treatment  of  dairy  products.  A  dairy 
school  is  established  in  Upper  Silesia.  It  is  said  that  the  reputation  of  Silesian 
butter  dates  from  the  Middle  Ages.  It  is  considered  equal  to  Danish  butter. 
This  province  is  really  a  fine  field  for  competition  among  the  dairy  breeds. 
Originally  the  advantages  could  not  have  been  greatly  in  favor  of  the  Dutch 
breed.  The  Angeln,  the  Allgauer  and  the  Schytzer,  all  are  nearer  at  hand. 
The  breeds  of  the  Channel  Islands,  the  Jersey  and  Guernsey,  are  but  little  far- 


QUANTITY   OF  MILK. — PROF.   STEWART'S  COMPARISONS. 


37 


ther  away.  It  is  not  a  cheese  making  province,  nor  a  beef  raising  province.  It 
is  a  butter  making  province.  Again  we  repeat  that  the  conditions  and  the  cir- 
cumstances all  seem  to  demonstrate  the  conquering  character  of  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  as  a  dairy  breed. 


CHAPTER  VI. 

MILK— QUANTITY  YIELDED— PROF.    HENGERVELD— PROF.   STEWART— KING  OF  WIR- 

TEMBERG'S  RECORDS— KLIPPART'S  REPORTS  OF  RECORDS — AVERAGE  YIELD  IN 

HOLLAND. 

Prof.  G.  J.  Hengerveld  of  the  Royal  Veterinary  Institute,  Utrecht,  Nether- 
lands, speaking  in  relation  to  the  quantity  of  milk  yielded  by  this  breed,  says  : 
"  Much  pains  have  been  taken  in  foreign  countries  to  keep  an  account  of  the 
quantity  of  milk  yielded  by  [Holstein-]  Friesian  cows,  and  to  compare  it  with 
the  yield  of  the  most  productive  of  other  races.  In  the  yearly  quantity  of  milk 
yielded  by  the  Bern,  Simmenthal,  Allgan,  Limborg  and  Ayrshire  cattle,  in 
some  instances  the  result  has  been  in  favor  of  the  Bern,  Simmenthal,  Allgan 
and  Ayrshire  cattle  ;  but  generally  the  superiority  has  been  with  the  Holstein- 
Friesian.  The  Limburg  and  English  breeds,  in  which  we  include  the  Ayrshire, 
cannot  be  compared  with  them. 

"  The  quantity  of  milk  depends  much  on  the  locality  from  whence  the  Dutch 
cattle  are  collected,  whether  from  clayey,  loamy,  peaty  or  sandy  soil.  If  we 
compare  the  cattle  bought  by  the  Germans  on  the  eastern  borders  of  our  country 
with  the  cattle  bred  on  our  rich  pastures,  we  find  that  the  yield  of  the  latter  is 
far  superior  to  the  former. 

"  In  order  to  obtain  a  correct  comparison  of  the  yield  of  milk  of  different 
breeds,  the  large,  medium-sized  and  small  animals  of  each  breed  should  only  be 
compared  together.  In  my  description  of  the  South  Holland  cattle,  the  large 
and  medium-sized  cows,  under  which  we  may  also  range  those  of  Groningen 
and  Friesland,  bred  on  clayey  and  loamy  soil,  thirty-five  hundred  litres  (the 
litre  is  identical  with  our  wine  quart)  a  year  I  have  given  as  the  average  yield. 
It  is  stated  by  many  a  land  owner  or  farmer  their  productiveness  from  time  to 
time  amounts  to  five  or  six  thousand  litres.  Cows  yielding  those  quantities  are 
not  at  all  rare." 

We  therefore  conclude,  first,  the  yield  thirty-five  hundred  litres  a  year  is 
but  a  medium  quantity,  and  cannot  be  accepted  as  the  yield  on  the  clayey, 
loamy  and  peaty  soils  of  North  Holland  and  Friesland.  Second,  though  por- 
tions of  North  Holland  are  sandy  and  dry,  yet  the  cattle  belong  to  to  the  large 
variety,  and  these  larger  cattle  are  very  superior  to  the  best  Swiss  and  Allgan, 
and  even  to  that  exquisite  milk  breed  known  under  the  name  of  Rosenstein  and 
Wirtemburg. 

The  following,  from  a  work  by  Prof.  Stewart,  illustrates  the  value  of  these 
cattle  in  comparison  with  others  for  the  production  of  milk  :  "  As  I  omitted  to 
give  the  German  mode  of  feeding  in  its  proper  place,  I  will  give  Dr.  Rhode's 
milk  ration  at  Eldena,  in  Pomerania.  This  is  one  of  the  most  celebrated  agri- 
cultural colleges  in  Prussia.  He  details  those  experiments  in  his  chapter  '  On 
the  Breeds  of  Cattle  in  the  Kingdom  of  Holland.'  I  do  not  propose  to  go  into 
the  characteristics  of  the  breed  he  describes,  but  merely  to  consider  the  ration, 
and  the  result  upon  large  and  small  cows." 


Aggregate 
Yield 
per  Year. 

Yield  per 
Cow  per 
Year. 

Per  Cow 
per  Day. 

Per  Cow 
Per  Year. 

Small  Cows. 
3  Ayrshire  cows,         
4  Tondern  cows,          
Large  Cows. 
3  Breitenburg  cows 

Qts. 

5,386 
9,337 

8  594 

Qts. 

1,795 
2,334 

2865 

Qts. 
5.00 
6.30 

8  00 

Lbs. 

4,485 
5,835 

7  161 

22  Holland  cows  (Dutch-  Friesian), 

78,100 

3,550 

9.85 

8,875 

The  highest  yield  of  the  Ayrshires  was  5,582  Ibs.,  and  the  lowest  3,537  Ibs. 
The  highest  yield  of  the  Tondern  cows  was  7,012  Ibs.,  and  lowest  4,640  Ibs. 


38  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 

The  highest  yield  of  the  Breitenburg  cows  was  7,365  Ibs.,  and  lowest  7,050 
Ibs. 

The  highest  yield  of  the  Holland  (Holstein-Freisian)  cows  was  15,355  Ibs.  and 
the  lowest  6,315  Ibs. 

The  average  winter  ration  was  composed  of  10  Ibs.  of  straw  of  summer 
grain,  2  1-2  Ibs.  of  oat  and  wheat  chaff,  25  Ibs.  of  turnips,  10  Ibs.  of  hay,  8  Ibs. 
of  brewers  grains,  wet,  and  3  Ibs.  of  rye  bran.  This  contained  of  digestible 
nutriment  3.28  Ibs.  of  albuminoids,  and  14.3  Ibs.  of  carbo-hydrates,  having  a 
nutritive  ratio  of  1:  4.2 — equal  in  nutritive  value  to  42  Ibs.  of  hay. 

The  average  ration  in  summer  is  135  Ibs.  of  green  clover  and  8  Ibs.  of  dry 
day.  The  hay  is  to  modify  the  succulence  of  the  clover.  Dr.  Rhode  says  this 
ration  is  equal  to  45  Ibs.  of  hay,  and  contains  of  digestible  albuminoids  5.7  Ibs. 
and  of  carbo-hydrates  14.91  Ibs. — nutritive  ratio  1:  2-5. 

He  says  the  small  cows  did  not  eat  as  much  as  the  large  Holland  cows, 
though  the  food  of  each  was  not  weighed;  yet  when  the  same  amount  of  food 
was  placed  in  two  racks,  it  was  found  that  nine  large  cows  ate  as  much  as  ten 
small  cows  per  day,  and  he  thus  counted  them  as  9  to  10,  in  proportion  of  food 
or  the  small  cows  consumed  45  Ibs.  of  hay,  or  its  equivalent,  while  the  large 
consume  50  Ibs. 

According  to  the  specific  yield,  they  severally  require  of  food  for  the  produc- 
tion of  one  quart  of  milk. 

Holland  cows  (Holstein-Friesian),  little  more  than  5.00  Ibs.  hay  value 

Breitenburg 6.25    "       "         '• 

Tondern 7.00    "       "         " 

Ayrshire 9.00    lk 

The  Holland  cows  weigh  from  1200  to  1400  Ibs. 
"     Breitenburg         "  1100  to  1300  Ibs. 

"     Tondern  900  to  1000  Ibs. 

"     Ayrshire  800  to    900  Ibs. 

Here  it  appears  that  the  large  cows  were  the  more  economical  milk  pro- 
ducers. Here  Dr.  Rhode,  at  the  head  of  the  Eldena  Agricultural  School,  found 
a  pretty  wide  difference  between  the  Hollanders  and  Ayrshires;  and  we  are 
quite  inclined  to  think,  if  the  food  of  each  separate  class  of  animals  had  been 
accurately  kept  through  the  year,  the  difference  could  not  have  been  so  large  as 
he  makes  the  production  from  the  same  food — 80  per  cent — in  favor  of  the 
Holland  cows.  Dr.  Rhode  remarks  on  this: 

"It  cannot  be  questioned,  from  these  results,  to  which  race  belongs  the 
advantage.  They  value  none  in  Eldena  for  milk  but  the  Holland  cows." 

Another  experiment,  conducted  by  Villeroy,  between  the  Hollanders  and 
the  Devons,  resulted  in  producing  28.92  quarts  of  milk  for  100  pounds  of  hay 
from  the  Hollanders,  and  19.13  quarts  of  milk  for  100  Ibs.  of  hay  from  the 
Devons.  Baron  Ockle,  in  Frankenfelde,  made  a  comparative  experiment, 
between  Ayrshires  averaging  806  Ibs.  in  weight,  and  Hollanders  averaging 
1,016  Ibs.  in  weight.  The  smaller  breed  consumed  33.10  of  hay  to  100  Ibs.  of  live 
weight,  while  the  larger  breed  consumed  28.10  Ibs.  of  hay  to  100  Ibs.  of  live 
weight. 

Every  breed  of  cattle  that  lays  any  claim  to  public  recognition  as  a  dairy 
breed,  has  had  its  phenomenal  cows  with  marvelous  milk  or  butter  records; 
every  breed  has  also  had  its  worthless  cows,  that  may  have  come  to  public 
notice  through  the  reports  of  impartial  experimenters.  Manifestly,  it  would 
be  unjust  to  take  the  latter  class  as  the  true  exponents  of  a  breed.  Equally 
improper  would  it  be  to  seek  to  impress  the  public  mind  with  the  idea  that 
such  phenomenal  cows  are  its  true  representatives.  It  is  for  the  interests  of 
the  majority  of  the  breeders  of  any  valuable  breed,  as  well  as  for  the  public 
interest,  that  data  be  given  upon  which  a  correct  average  production  may  be 
safely  estimated,  under  the  varying  conditions  of  climate,  care  and  feed.  Such 
records  may  not  startle  and  attract  like  those  of  phenomenal  cows,  yet  they 
are  the  best  foundation  upon  which  a  valuable  reputation  can  be  built. 

Perhaps  the  most  extensive  and  important  records  that  were  ever  reported, 
are  those  that  were  made  upon  the  estates  of  the  King  of  Wirtemburg,  between 
1833  and  1865.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that  a  full  report  is  not  within  our  reach. 
The  following  is  either  directly  taken  or  calculated  from  the  report  of  Mr. 
Klippart,  to  which  we  have  often  referred:  Fifteen  breeds  were  thoroughly 
tested  under  the  same  or  similar  circumstances.  They  were  not  fed  and  cared  for 
with  a  view  to  producing  extremely  large  records,  but  with  a  view  to  profitable 
yields  under  the  circumstances  of  agriculture  and  markets  of  Wirtemburg.  All 


KING  OF   WIRTEMBURG'S  RECORDS. 


39 


are  given  in  this  table  with  the  exception  of  the  Zebu  from  East  India,  which  is 
reported  as  having  no  milking  qualities.  The  headings  have  been  slightly 
changed  and  columns  relating  to  acclimatization  in  Wirtemburg,  adaption  to  the 
yoke,  etc.,  left  out,  as  not  specially  relating  to  the  subject  under  consideration  : 

SUMMARY    OF    EXPERIMENTS    IN    CATTLE    FEEDING    AND    MILKING    ON    THE    ESTATES    OF    THE    KING  OF 
WIRTEMBURG,   BETWEEN   1833  AND   1865. 


o 

jEj 

~"  2, 

-Fi  ^ 

j| 

NAME  OF  BREED. 

COLOR  OF  BREED. 

ORIGIN  OF  BREED. 

5 

| 

-if 

>  u 

>i 

^ 

**s 

*—  ^  -*-• 

*-5  -S 

'-3  o> 

luO  cc 

fl 

HI 

ompara 
for  But 

oinpara 
for  Che 

< 

^ 

< 

O 

O 

North  Holland,  or  Usually  black-and-white, 

North  Holland  and 

Friesian.     .    . 
Swiss  

variegated  
Dark  brown,  with  a  light 

Friesland    .    .    . 
Switzerland  .    .    . 

l,2001bs 
1,225  " 

6,5491bs 
5,764  " 

54  Ibs 

53    " 

18 
20>£ 

19 
20 

stripe  down  back 

Durham*  .     .     . 

Red,  or  red-roan 

England     .... 

1,140  " 

5,000  " 

46    " 

Jg  IX 

19 

Polled  Yorkshire  Reddish  brown  and  white 

1  100  " 

5,150  " 

51    " 

isy 

19 

Polled  Suffolk   .  !  Reddish  brown    .... 

" 

935  " 

4,208  " 

42    " 

18!4 

19 

Devon    .... 

Reddish  brown    .... 

"           !    .    .    '. 

850  " 

2,816  " 

36    " 

22 

20 

Hereford  .     .    . 

Reddish     brown,      with 

" 

950  " 

2,316  " 

26    " 

22 

20 

white  face 

Canvass  Cattle  . 

Black,  with  white  sheet 

Appenzell,  Switzer- 

950 " 

5,056  " 

50    " 

21 

20 

around  body 

land 

Murzthaler    .     . 

White  or  red  gray,  and 

Styrla,  Austria  .     . 

935  " 

3,220  " 

36    " 

21 

19/2 

dark  shades 

Limburger     .     . 

Yellow  dun     

Wirtemburg,  Ger.  . 

850  " 

4,024  " 

50    " 

23 

21 

Allgauer    .    .    . 

Blackish    brown,    white 

Upper  Swabia    .    . 

800  " 

4,652  " 

52    " 

20 

20 

mouth 

Alderney  or  Jer- 

Yellow  dun,  or  light  red- 

Channel  Islands 

765  " 

3,860  " 

46    " 

25^ 

y 

seyt 

and-white 

Unnamed  breed 

Blackish      brown,      and 

Uri,  Switzerland    . 

765  " 

4,732  " 

54    " 

20 

20 

white  stripes 

Hungarian    .    . 

Whitish  gray  

Hungary    .     .     .     . 

935  " 

1,524  " 

18    " 

22 

20 

*  The  Short-horn  herd  consisted  of  four  cows,  selected,  upon  the  recommendation  of  Sir  Robert 
Peel,  from  the  estate  of  Sir  James  Graham,  two  of  which  were  reputed  to  be  famous  milkers. 
These  were  purchased  in  1847.  Ten  years  afterwards  five  cows  were  added,  from  the  Model  Farm 
of  Prince  Albert,  at  Windsor. 

t  These  consisted  of  six  cows,  imported  direct  from  the  island  of  Jersey,  and  nine  imported 
from  England,  called  thoroughbred  Alderneys.  It  is  probable  that  the  latter  were  not  pure  Jerseys, 
but  of  pure  or  mixed  Guernsey  extraction. 

Mr.  Klippart  also  reports  a  series  of  milk  records  made  in  Saxony  during 
a  period  of  eight  years,  beginning  with  1852,  and  closing  with  1859.  The  govern- 
ment, for  several  years,  had  been  encouraging  the  importation  of  the  best  milch 
breeds.  From  1844  to  1851,  a  bonus  of  fifty  thalers  had  been  given  for  an  impor- 
tation of  ten  cows  or  ten  heifers  in  calf  of  the  foreign  breeds  named  in  the 
second  table  below.  Mr  Klippart  does  not  state  how,  or  by  what  authority 
these  records  were  made,  but  the  presumption  is  that  they  were  kept  by  the 
owners  of  the  various  herds,  and  reported  under  certain  governmental  regula- 
tions. The  two  tables  that  follow  are  made  up  from  his  report. 

MILK  RECORD  OF  HOLLAND,  OR  FRIESIAN,  COWS  IN  SAXONY. 


YEAR. 

XT       e    Average  yield 
c?ws         Per  cow  in 
quarts. 

Average  yield 
per  cow  in 
pounds. 

Maxium  yield 
of  a  single  cow 
in  quarts. 

Maxium  yield 
of  a  single  cow 
in  pounds. 

1852. 
1853  . 
1854  . 
1855  . 
1856  . 

55 
51 
65 
61 
55 
42 
57 

4,162 
4,156 
3,806 
3,404 
3,985 
4,031 
3,992 
4,072 

8,948 
8,935 

8,183 
7,318 
.      8,568 
8,667 

8,582 
8,754 

8,484 
7,034 
6,679 
5,032 
6,578 
5,987 
7,939 

18^241 
15,012 
14,360 
10,819 
14,142 
12,873 
17,068 

1857  . 
1858  . 
1859  . 

40 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


The  want  of  space  forbids  the  giving  of  full  reports  of  the  other  breeds; 
but  the  following  table  is  a  correct  summary  of  the  average  yields  of  all  the 
breeds  reported.  Without  doubt,  to  produce  the  maximum  yields,  very  high 
and  skillful  feeding  must  have  been  practiced. 

MILK  RECORDS  OP  THE  VARIOUS  BREEDS  TESTED  IN  SAXONY  BETWEEN  1852  AND  1859. 


NAME  OP  BREED. 

No   of 

years 
tested. 

No.  of  cows 
calculated 
at  1  year. 

Average  yield 
per  cow  in 
quarts. 

Average 
yield  per 
cow  in 
pounds. 

AT7£vr»or*£k     r\f          AV6r&g"6    Ot 
VtJI  ci^t5    UL                ViirrVnief 

highest  yields      ^gjg  fn 
in  quarts.           pounds. 

Hollander  or  Friesiau, 

8 

386 

3,950  8-10 

8,494 

6,838  8-10 

14,703 

Allgauer, 
Oldenburger,  . 

8 

7 

1,888 

311 

3,733  3-10 

3,903 

8,027 
8,391 

6,361  2-10 
6,040  5-10 

13,677 
12,987 

Simmenthaler, 

1 

571 

2,957  4-10               6,358 

— 

— 

Natives  of  Saxony, 

8 

225 

3,154  5-10 

6,782 

3,789  6-10 

8,148 

Walzthaler,     . 

4 

87 

3,479  8-10 

7,481 

5,554  5-10 

11,942 

The  milk  records  given,  in  these  tables  appear  to  have  been  impartially 
made.  They  extend  over  a  period  of  several  years,  and  include  results  from  a 
large  number  of  cows.  Many  records  ha,ve  been  made  in  this  country  within 
the  last  fifteen  years.  To  give  them  all  would  be  too  great  a  task;  to  discrim- 
inate would  be  to  show  partiality.  It  would  seem  that  those  which  have  been 
given  would  be  sufficient  to  establish  the  conclusion  that  this  breed  excels  all 
others  in  quantity  of  milk  production. 

It  appears  that  upon  the  continent  of  Europe  quantity  of  production  has  for 
many  years  reached  a  point  unlocked  for  by  English  and  American  dairymen. 
Hence  such  records  have  been  received  by  them  with  much  incredulity.  The 


BO  WEN,  No.  12041,  H.-F.  H.-B. 
First  Prize  Cow  at  Madison  Square  Garden,  N.  Y., 


KLIPPART'S  OBSERVATIONS.  41 

introduction  of  this  breed  into  this  country,  and  the  competition  among  its 
importers  and  breeders,  is  working  a  great  change  in  public  opinion  in  regard 
to  the  capacity  of  the  dairy  cow.  One  extreme  is  likely  to  be  followed  by 
another.  From  doubting  moderate  records,  the  public  are  being  educated  to 
expect  marvelous  records,  and  to  really  overestimate  the  average  capacity  of 
this  breed.  Disappointment  must  follow  such  a  state  of  facts.  Hence  it 
becomes  important  to  fix  upon  a  fair  average  yield  that  each  individual  owner 
may  understand  where  his  cows  rank. 

The  average  yield  per  cow  of  the  North  Holland  or  Friesian  breed,  as  repre- 
sented by  these  tables,  is  7,972£  Ibs.  This  average  closely  accords  with  the  esti- 
mate of  Prof.  Hengerveld,  in  his  Introduction  to  the  Netherlands  Herd-Book. 
It  is  there  given  as  3,500  litres,  which,  being  reduced,  is  7,952  Ibs.  The  climate 
in  this  country  is  warmer  and  dryer  during  the  summer  season,  than  in  the 
countries  from  which  these  averages  are  calculated.  This,  no  doubt,  will  result 
in  producing  a  diminished  quantity,  with  an  increased  quality  of  product. 
Hence  we  estimate  that  a  well-kept  herd  in  this  country  should  produce  from 
7,000  to  7,500  Ibs.  per  cow  annually.  It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  not  every 
cow  can  reach  the  average  product.  There  is  a  wide  diversity  in  the  yield  of 
cows  in  all  breeds.  At  least  as  many  must  fall  below  the  average  as  rise  above 
it.  If  the  range  below  is  narrower,  the  proportionate  number  that  occupy  this 
range  must  be  increased.  This  may  seem  to  some  to  be  underrating  the  breed. 
A  moment's  reflection  will  convince  to  the  contrary.  The  average  of  7,000  to 
7,500  Ibs.  is  more  than  double  the  product  of  the  average  dairy  cow  throughout 
the  United  States.  New  York  state  is  probably  as  good  a  dairy  state  as  there 
is  in  the  Union.  Especially  superior  are  those  sections  devoted  to  the  manu- 
facture of  cheese.  The  statistics  of  the  cheese  factories  of  this  state  in  1875 
show  an  average  product  of  milk  per  cow  of  3, 082  Ibs.;  the  noted  county  of 
Herkimer  leading  the  other  sections  at  the  average  product  of  3,498  Ibs.  The 
average  we  have  given  this  breed  is  considerably  more  than  double  these 
amounts.  If  this  breed  is  not  overestimated  in  these  reports  and  tests,  all  of 
which  seem  to  have  been  impartially  made,  a  great  general  increase  of  wealth 
would  result  from  its  universal  introduction  into  those  sections  of  our  country 
to  which  it  is  adapted. 


CHAPTER  VII. 

THE  BREED  IN  AMERICA— RECORDS   AT  SHADELAND— SOME  REMARKABLE  INSTANCES 
— PIETERTJE  2D,   ETC.— LARGEST  YEARLY   RECORDS— ACTUAL  RESULTS. 

In  the  language  of  Mr.  S.  Hoxie,  the  introduction  of  the  Holstein-Friesian 
breed  in  America  has  greatly  enlarged  the  possibilities  of  milk  and  butter 
productions  throughout  our  rich  dairy  sections.  Our  dairymen  have  been 
awakened  and  have  changed  in  regard  to  the  capacity  to  which  they  may  raise 
their  herds.  Thirty  pounds  of  milk  a  day,  5000  pounds  a  year,  and  7  pounds  of 
butter  a  week  were  considered  twenty-five  years  ago  as  large  yields,  and  even 
now  are  above  the  capacity  of  unimproved  cows.  The  progress  of  such  change 
of  views  may  be  traced  in  the  progress  of  records  that  have  been  made  by  cows 
of  this  breed  and  publicly  credited.  The  cow  Crown  Princess  owned  by  Hon. 
Gerrit  S.  Miller  of  Peterboro,  N.  Y.,  in  six  years  from  1870  to  1876  made  a 
record  of  61,112  pounds  of  milk,  an  average  of  10.185  Ibs.  per  year.  This  was 
followed  by  the  record  of  Lady  Clifden  owned  by  Hon.  Wm.  A.  Russell  of  Law- 
rence, Mass.  In  1875  she  gave  in  three  hundred  and  sixty-two  days  16,274 
pounds  ;  in  1876  in  two  hundred  and  eighty-two  days  12,243  pounds  ;  and  com- 
mencing May  1st,  1877,  in  three  hundred  and  ninety-six  days  13,232  pounds. 
The  Maid  of  Twisk,  owned  by  the  Unadilla  Valley  Association,  a  company  of 
dairy  farmers  in  Trenton,  N.  Y.,  followed  this  by  a  record  for  three  hundred 
and  three  days  in  1876  of  12,563  pounds  ;  for  three  hundred  and  twenty-five 
days  in  1877  of  14,312  pounds  ;  and  for  three  hundred  and  thirty-six  days  in 
1878  of  15,960f  Ibs.  Next  came  the  records  of  the  noted  cows  Aegis  and  Aaggie 
owned  by  Smiths  &  Powell  Co.  of  Syracuse,  N.  Y.  In  1880,  three  hundred  and 
sixty-five  days,  the  former  gave  16,823|  Ibs.  and  the  latter  18,004|f  pounds. 
With  the  exception  of  Aegis  these  were  all  imported  cows  and  it  began  to  be 
questioned  whether  such  cows  could  be  produced  in  this  country.  The  answer 
4 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


came  in  a  test  of  the  cow  Echo,  bred  by  Mr.  Miller  and  owned  by  Mr.  F.  C. 
Stevens,  Attica,  N.  Y.  It  was  for  two  successive  years,  beginning  March  9th, 
1882,  and  closing  May  28th,  1884.  During  the  first  year  she  gave  18,1201  Ibs. 
and  during  the  second  year,  after  a  brief  rest  for  about  ten  weeks,  she 
produced  23,775£  Ibs.  These  records  aroused  the  attention  of  dairy  writers, 
especially  in  England.  They  were  pronounced  impossible.  Plausible 
arguments  were  made  to  show  the  inconsistency  of  such  records  with  the 
amount  of  material  for  making  milk  that  a  cow  could  digest.  Public  con- 
fidence in  them  was  shaken  for  a  brief  period. 

At  this  stage  of  public  sentiment  a  test  was  begun  of  the  cow  Clothilde 
(see  page  68)  by  Smiths  &  Powell  Co.  They  offered  to  pay  the  expenses  of  some 
of  the  most  prominent  scientists  to  come  and  thoroughly  investigate  this  test. 
A  number  of  gentlemen  availed  themselves  of  this  offer.  It  was  also  placed  in 
the  official  charge  of  the  Superintendent  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Advanced 
Registry,  who  from  time  to  time  sent  official  inspectors  to  watch  the  milkings, 
to  test  the  scales  on  which  they  were  weighed,  to  examine  into  the  accuracy 
of  the  account  that  was  being  kept,  and  into  every  other  detail  in  which  there 
might  be  a  possibility  of  error.  None  was  discovered  and  the  accuracy  of  the 
record  was  put  beyond  all  reasonable  doubt.  The  result  was  the  production  of 
26,021i  pounds  in  three  hundred  and  sixty-five  consecutive  days,  a  record  of 
more  than  2,000  Ibs.  above  any  that  had  been  previously  made.  It  seemed  at 
that  time  that  the  extreme  capacity  of  milk  production  by  a  single  cow  had 
been  reached,  but  later  the  cow  Pietertje  2d  owned  by  Mr.  Dallas  B.  Whipple 
of  Cuba,  N.  Y.,  in  August,  1888,  reached  a  year's  record  of  30,318^.  The  produc- 
tion of  this  had  also  been  closely  watched  by  disinterested  parties  and  the 
proof  is  so  convincing,  that  it  was  received  by  the  public  with  much  less  doubt 
than  were  the  early  records  of  half  this  amount.  Since  1880  many  other  cows 
have  exceeded  Aaggie's  noted  record. 

Among  these  are  Ethelka  at  18,131T\  Ibs.,  and  Jamaica  at  19,547  Ibs.,  both 
'owned  by  John  Mitchell,  Vails  Gate,  N.  Y.;  Violet  at  18,677i  Ibs.,  by  Edgar 
Huidekoper,  Meadville,  Penn.;  Lady  De  Vries  at  18,848^  Ibs.,  by  L.  H.  Payne, 
Garrettsville,  O.;  Empress  at  19,714i  Ibs.,  by  Hon.  G.  S.  Miller,  Peterboro, 
N.  Y.;  Glenburine  at  20.138i  Ibs.  by  B.  B.  Lord  &  Son,  Sinclairville,  N.  Y.: 
Rhoda  at  21,309  Ibs.  by  F.  C.  Stevens,  Attica,  N.  Y.;  Princess  of  Wayne  at 
20,469T9<r  Ibs.  and  Aaggie  2d  at  20,763T3e  Ibs.,  both  by  T.  G.  Yeomans  &  Sons,  Wai- 
worth,  N.  Y.;  Boukje  at  21,679|  Ibs.,  by  Stone  &  Carpenter,  Waverly,  Penn.; 
Koningen  Van  Friesland  5th  at  19,700i  Ibs.  by  A.  Bradley  and  H.  D.  Warner, 
Lanesville,  Conn.;  Koningen  Van  Friesland  3d  at  23,617|  Ibs.,  by  H.  O.  Warner, 
New  Milford,  Conn.;  Sultana  at  22,043|  Ibs.,  by  H.  C.  Jewett  &  Co.,  Buffalo, 
N.  Y.:  and  Albino  2d  at  18,484|f  Ibs.  in  iwo-year  form,  Netherland  Belle  at 
19,516|  Ibs.,  Aaggie  Rosa  at  20,227T\  Ibs.,  Lady  Fay  at  20,602^  Ibs.,  and  Clothilde 
2d  at  23,602i  Ibs.,  by  Smiths  &  Powell  Co. 

Such  records  have  been  of  so  much  interest  in  this  country  that  the  breed- 
ers have  given  much  more  attention  to  the  production  of  quantity  than  quality 
of  milk.  They  have  fed  and  cared  for  their  cattle  to  produce  quantity.  In 
consequence,  many  have  inferred  that  this  breed  is  an  excellent  one  for  the 
production  of  milk  and  cheese,  but  that  it  is  not  adapted  to  the  production  of 
butter.  Notwithstanding  this  impression,  it  has  now  been  engaged  for  some 
time  in  a  contest  for  the  highest  place  as  a  butter  breed,  and  the  rapidity  with 
which  it  is  gaining  such  a  position  is  a  public  surprise.  The  first  step  toward 
this  was  the  winning  of  the  challenge  cup  offered  by  the  "  Breeders'  Gazette," 
of  Chicago  for  the  largest  thirty-days  butter  record.  The  contest  for  this  cup 
was  open  to  the  world,  and  to  all  breeds,  until  July  1st,  1882.  It  was  won  by 
Mercedes,  a  cow  of  this  breed  owned  by  Thomas  B.  Wales,  then  of  Iowa  City, 
Iowa.  Her  record  was  99  Ibs.,  6£  ounces.  This  result  awakened  much  contro- 
versy. Several  competitions  took  place  in  the  three  years  following  at  cattle 
shows  in  the  Western  states,  uniformly  resulting  in  the  success  of  this  breed  ; 
yet  they  were  not  considered  conclusive,  as  the  best  cows  of  other  breeds  were 
not  put  in  competition.  At  this  stage  of  public  opinion,  the  New  York  Dairy 
Show  of  1887  was  conceived.  Long  before  its  opening,  it  was  widely  known 
that  one  of  its  most  important  features  would  be  a  contest  for  the  champion- 
ship in  butter  production.  This  was  to  be  decided  by  a  twenty- four  hours'  trial 
in  the  hands  of  an  impartial  committee.  It  was  entered  upon  for  the  purpose 
of  testing  the  claims  of  the  different  breeds.  Cattle  clubs  and  breeders'  associ- 
ations were  deeply  interested  in  it,  and  gave  every  possible  encouragement  to 


SHADELAND  RECORDS.  43 


the  bringing  forward  of  the  best  representatives  of  the  breed  they  maintained. 
Probably  no  similar  contest  was  ever  arranged  and  conducted  on  more  even 
terms.  No  criticisms  were  made  against  the  management  up  to  the  hour  of 
announcing  the  results. 

The  championship  was  won  for  this  breed,  the  cow  Clothilde  receiving  the 
first  prize,  and  the  three-year-old  heifer  Clothilde  4th,  the  second  prize,  both 
owned  by  Smiths  &  Powell  Co.  In  other  departments  there  were  contests  for 
quality  of  butter  where  the  breeds  were  indirectly  pitted  against  one  another. 
In  these  contests  this  breed  also  won  more  than  its  appropriate  proportionate 
share  of  the  prizes. 

It  is  only  within  the  last  few  years  that  breeders  of  this  cattle  have  been 
specially  testing  the  butter  capacity  of  their  cows.  Messrs.  T.  G.  Yeomans  & 
Sons  were  pioneers  in  this  work.  In  tests  made  of  their  herd  of  less  than  40  cows, 
29  were  found  to  average  a  seven  days'  production  of  17  Ibs.  7£  oz.  Aaggie  2d 
made  26  Ibs.  7 oz.  in  this  length  of  time,  105  Ibs.  10i  oz.  in  thirty  days,  and  304  Ibs. 
5£  oz.  in  ninety  days.  This  was  followed  by  tests  of  other  breeders.  Mr.  Thos. 
B.  Wales  also  found  29  cows  owned  by  him  that  made  an  average  of  17  Ibs- 
2.67  oz.  One  of  these,  Tritomia,  at  four  years  of  age  made  25  Ibs.  3^  oz*  Messrs. 
Smiths  &  Powell  Co.  find  100  cows  owned  by  them  that  average  18  Ibs.  T$7  oz. 
in  tests  of  the  same  length  of  time.  Among  these  Netherland  Princess  4th, 
at  28  months  old,  made  21  Ibs.  lOf  oz.;  Albino  2d  at  three  years  old  25  Ibs.  14jJ 
oz.,  while  in  30  days  she  produced  106  Ibs.  14  oz.  Their  cow  Clothilde  at  full 
age  made  in  seven  days  28  Ibs.  2£  oz.  In  the  small  herd  of  Mr.  Eugene  Smith, 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  seven  cows  were  reported  with  an  average  of  17  Ibs.  6.57  oz. 
in  seven  days.  Among  other  noted  tests  is  that  of  Florence  Herbert,  owned  by 
Home  Farm  Co.,  Hampton,  la.,  at  27  Ibs.  13|  oz.  in  seven  days,  and  that  of 
Nieltje  Korndyke,  the  property  of  E.  J.  Burrell,  Little  Falls,  N.  Y.,  at  93  Ibs. 
12  oz  in  thirty  days. 

The  following  facts  and  figures  concerning  some  remarkable  milk  records 
made  in  1889  by  the  Shadeland  herd  of  Holsteins,  will  be  of  interest.  The 
figures  will  no  doubt  seem  large  to  the  farmer  who  thinks  a  cow  which  gives 
20  quarts  of  milk  a  day  an  unusually  good  one.  Probably  one-half  the  cows  in 
Crawford  county,  Penn.,  do  not  give  as  much  milk  in  a  whole  year  as  some  of 
these  Shadeland  Holsteins  give  in  a  month.  No  one  pretends  that  these  great 
milkers  keep  up  such  a  flow  throughout  the  milking  year,  but  the  probability  is 
that  the  average  of  the  whole  Shadeland  herd  is  three  times  that  of  the  best 
herd  of  crosses,  or  native  cattle  in  this  county  or  any  other  county  in  the  United 
States.  While  other  cows  of  their  herd  nearly  equalled  the  records  given  below 
the  following  are  the  most  remarkable,  viz.: 

Shadeland  Daisy,  No.  3181  H.  H.-B.— In  one  day,  103  Ibs.  6oz.;  in  one  week, 
684  Ibs.  i  oz.;  average  per  day  of  97  Ibs.  11|  oz. 

Shadeland  Winnie,  No.  10760  H.-F.  H.-B.,  when  only  about  28  months  old— 
In  one  day,  84  Ibs.;  in  two  consecutive  days,  164  Ibs.  12  oz.;  in  one  week,  512  Ibs. 
12  oz. ;  average  per  day  of  73  Ibs.  4  oz. ;  June  17  to  July  17,  inclusive,  1,968  Ibs.  8  oz. 

Shadeland  Bloom  4th,  No.  6067  H.-F.  H.-B..  while  less  than  thirty-six 
months  old,  which  would  be  in  her  two-year  old  form,  and  with  only  her  first 
<3alf — In  one  day,  107  Ibs.  4  oz.;  in  four  days,  415  Ibs.  8oz.,  an  average  per  day 
of  103  Ibs.  14  oz.;  in  one  week,  700  Ibs.  8  oz.,  an  average  per  day  of  100  Ibs.  14  oz.; 
from  July  5  to  August  4,  inclusive,  2,767  Ibs.  10  oz. 

Celeste  3d,  No.  2896  H.-F.  H.-B.,  in  her  three-year-old  form— In  one  day,  107 
Ibs.  8  oz.;  in  five  days,  522  Ibs.  8  oz.,  an  average  per  day  of  104  Ibs.  8  oz.;  in  one 
week,  716  Ibs.  4  oz.,  an  average  per  day  of  102  Ibs.  5Voz.;  July  4  to  August  3, 
inclusive,  2,878  Ibs.  4  oz. 

Shadeland  Boon  2d,  No.  8892  H.  H.-B.,  in  her  five-year-old  form— In  one 
day,  122  Ibs.  8  oz.;  in  four  consecutive  days,  476  Ibs.  12  oz.,  an  average  per  day 
of  119  Ibs.  3  oz.;  in  one  week,  801  Ibs.  8  oz.,  an  average  per  day  of  114  Ibs.  8  oz.; 
in  fifteen  days,  one-half  month,  1,641  Ibs.,  an  average  per  day  of  109  Ibs.  6f  oz.; 
during  the  month  of  July,  3,170  Ibs.,  4  oz.;  and  this  after  milking  in  six  differ- 
ent days  in  June,  625  Ibs.  12  oz.,  an  average  per  day  of  104  Ibs.  4f  oz. 

It  is  interesting  to  know  that  these  records  are  not  mere  accidents.  The 
Advanced  Register  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  shows  that  Shadeland 
Daisy,  as  a  three-year  old,  milked  77  Ibs.  11  oz.  in  one  day  (the  highest  record 
for  that  age  up  to  that  time),  and  that  she  has  made  several  large  records 
since  ;  that  Shadeland  Bloom,  the  dam  of  Shadeland  Bloom  4th,  milked  as  a  two- 
year  old  69  Ibs.  in  one  day  (the  highest  record  to  that  date  of  a  two-year-old), 


REMARKABLE  MILK  YIELDS.  45 


and  since  then  other  higher  records;  also  that  Shadeland  Boon,  the  dam  of 
Shadeland  Boon  3d,  has  made  various  milk  records,  and  last  year  made  the 
largest  monthly  butter  record  of  any  cow  of  any  breed  in  the  world,  producing 
125  Ibs.  12  oz.  of  butter  in  thirty-one  consecutive  days,  and  her  milk  being  so 
rich  it  required  only  14.09  Ibs.  of  milk  for  a  pound  of  butter  for  the  whole  time, 
and  for  a  portion  of  the  time  it  took  only  11.18  Ibs.  of  milk  for  one  pound  of 
butter.  In  1889  she  milked  nearly  100  pounds  per  day. 

To  better  appreciate  these  records  it  should  be  known  that  the  highest 
record  for  any  two-year-old  previous  to  the  above  by  Shadeland  Winnie  and 
Shadeland  Bloom  4th,  is  76  Ibs.  6  oz.  and  that  Shadeland  Boon  2d  has  averaged 
oonsiderably  more  for  several  consecutive  days  than  the  highest  single  day  by 
any  other  cow. 

If  some  of  our  readers  who  may  feel  inclined  to  disparage  the  merits  of 
blooded  animals,  and  who  think  they  have  a  world  beater  of  a  cow  of  common 
stock,  will  take  the  trouble  to  weigh  the  milk  for  a  few  days,  then  would  they 
better  appreciate  the  cow  that  is  able  to  produce  122  Ibs.  8  oz.  in  one  day.  Two 
and  one-sixth  pounds  is  the  estimated  weight  of  one  quart  of  milk,  which 
would  make  for  Shadeland  Boon  2d,  over  56  quarts,  or  more  than  If  bushels  of 
milk  in  one  day.  During  these  tests  the  Messrs.  Powell  thought  it  prudent  in 
order  to  avoid  injury  to  her  udder  to  have  her  milked  three  to  five  times  a  day. 

These  records  were  all  carefully  made,  were  witnessed  from  time  to  time  by 
disinterested  parties  and  have  been  duly  attested,  sworn  to  and  authenticated. 

Of  the  great  value  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  cow  for  milk  there  is  most 
abundant  evidence.  Our  quotations  from  Hengerveld,  Klippart,  Hoxie  and 
others,  in  addition  to  many  tests  cited,  amply  demonstrate  that  no  other  breed 
approaches  this  in  ability  to  produce  milk. 

American  breeders  for  many  years  have  demonstrated  what  the  Holstein 
cow  can  do,  and  the  list  of  7,000  public  and  private  records  in  another  part  of 
this  work  is  cumulative  testimony.  Plain  it  is  that  the  enterprise  and  energy  of 
American  breeders  have  enabled  them  to  exceed  all  foreign  records,  and  it  is 
probable  that  the  average  production  of  the  Holstein  cow  in  America  is  in 
advance  of  that  reached  in  Holland. 

As  an  instance  of  consecutive  performance  extending  over  a  period  of  ten 
years  the  following  experience  of  Messrs.  T.  G.  Yeomans  &  Son,  Walworth, 
N.  Y.,  with  the  famous  cow,  Princess  of  Wayne,  is  given  in  their  own  language 
and  as  appeared  in  the  Holstein-Friesian  Register  in  March,  1891:  ''We  will  give 
our  experience  with  our  Holstein-Friesian  cow  Princess  of  Wayne  954,  A.  R. 
2,  extending  over  a  period  of  ten  years  since  the  birth  of  her  first  calf  in  1881, 
during  which  time  she  has  given  us  nice,  vigorous  healthy  calves,  and  made  five 
very  large  yearly  records.  She  was  born  May  14,  1878,  and  selected  with  her 
dam,  Queen  of  Wayne,  in  Holland  by  the  senior  member  of  the  firm,  as  the  best 
representatives  he  could  find  of  his  idea  of  perfect  dairy  animals.  She  is  such  a 
typical  cow  of  this  breed,  and  from  the  first  has  shown  such  remarkable  quali- 
ties that  we  think  a  brief  narrative  of  her  performances  will  be  of  interest  to 
many  of  our  readers. 

"  She  dropped  her  first  calf  when  two  years  and  ten  months  old,  and  gave  57 
Ibs.  of  milk  in  a  day,  14,008  Ibs.  9  oz.  in  ten  months  and  twenty  days,  and 
dropped  her  next  calf  within  one  year.  When  ten  months  in  milk  she  made  8£ 
Ibs.  of  thoroughly  worked  butter  in  a  week.  In  her  five-year-old  form  she  made 
an  average  of  3  Ibs.  9  oz.  of  thoroughly  worked  butter  per  day  for  three  consec- 
utive days;  22  Ibs.  £  oz.  in  a  week,  and  91  Ibs.  f  oz.  in  thirty  days,  placing  her  at 
the  time  in  the  front  as  the  greatest  Holstein-Friesian  butter  cow  of  her  age; 
her  milk  record  at  this  time  was  80  Ibs.  per  day,  20.469  Ibs.  9  oz.  in  a  year,  which 
has  been  excelled  only  by  one  cow,  Echo.  In  her  eight-year-old  form  Princess 
gave  in  11  months  and  13  days,  20,56H  Ibs.  of  milk,  and  dropped  her  next  calf 
13|  months  after  the  birth  of  her  last  one.  In  the  next  11  months  she  gave 
131,104  Ibs.  7  oz.  of  milk  and  dropped  another  calf  in  12i  months.  From  the  birth 
of  this  first  calf  to  that  of  the  third  was  800  days,  during  682  days  of  which  time 
she  gave  41,665  Ibs.  15  oz.,  an  average  of  over  52  Ibs.  of  milk  per  day  for  the 
entire  800  days,  or  an  average  of  61  Ibs.  \\  oz.  for  682  days,  the  actual  time  of 
the  record.  During  these  two  seasons  she  was  fed,  milked  and  cared  for  the 
same  as  the  whole  herd  with  which  she  ran,  being  milked  three  times  per  day, 
not  at  equal  intervals,  and  no  effort  was  in  any  way  made  to  crowd  or  force  her 
to  make  a  large  record.  In  fact  no  one  was  more  surprised  at  the  record  than 
ourselves,  as  we  had  not  even  footed  up  her  record  after  the  first  four  months 


46 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


of  the  first  year  until  its  close,  and  not  even  for  thirty  days  of  the  second  year 
until  its  close,  owing  to  the  illness  and  absence  of  the  member  of  our  firm  to 
whom  this  work  was  allotted. 

"  She  has  given  during  the  past  year  113  Ibs.  1  oz.  of  milk  in  a  day,  an  aver- 
age of  110  Ibs.  11  oz.  for  six  consecutive  days;  8,182  Ibs.  2  oz.  in  thirty  days,  and 
29,008  Ibs.  11  oz.  in  one  year,  excelling  by  nearly  three  thousand  pounds  all 
other  records  except  that  of  Pietertje  2d.  We  did  not  expect  to  test  her 
especially  for  a  large  record  till  she  had  been  in  milk  twenty -eight  days,  which 
makes  a  difference  of  several  hundred  pounds  loss  in  her  record  of  the  year. 
Her  butter  record  is  24  Ibs.  14  oz.  thoroughly  worked,  salted  butter  in  a  week. 
Since  the  birth  of  her  first  calf  in  1881  she  has  given  by  actual  weight  of  each 
milking  164,310^  Ibs.  of  milk  in  ten  years  and  twenty-five  days,  which  is  an 
average  of  16,319  Ibs.  per  year  or  44^  Ibs.  per  day  for  the  entire  time  including 


BOONSTRA,  2o,  No.  732  H.  H.-B. 
Imported.    Milk  record,  78  Ibs.  in  one  day;  2,160  Ibs.  in  thirty  days. 

all  the  time  she  was  dry.  Princess  after  these  ten  years  of  hard  work  is  in  fine 
condition,  and  to  all  appearances  equal  to  another  trial." 

The  history  of  the  wonderful  record  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  cow,  Pietertje 
2d,  is  thus  given  by  Mr.  D.  B.  Whipple  : 

"  On  visiting  several  herds  of  Holsteins  in  the  New  England  states  in  Sep- 
tember, 1884,  I  came  across  Pietertje  2d  in  Elizur  Smith's  herd  at  Lee,  Mass., 
he  having  purchased  her  soon  after  she  was  imported.  After  examining  her 
and  seeing  her  milked,  I  was  fully  satisfied  that  she  was  capable  of  milking 
more  than  any  cow  that  I  had  ever  seen  milked,  so  I  purchased  her,  together 
with  twelve  others,  and  shipped  them  home  to  Cuba.  Allegany  Co.,  N.  Y., 
where  she  has  remained  ever  since.  With  her  persistent  milking,  and  the  low 
condition  she  was  in,  I  did  not  think  it  advisable  to  undertake  to  make  a  year's 
record,  although  she  milked  103|  Ibs.  after  dropping  her  next  calf.  I  then 
delayed  breeding  ber,  so  there  were  twenty  months  elapsed  between  the  births 


PIETERTJE  2D'S  RECORD. 


47 


of  her  two  last  calves.  This  was  preparatory  to  her  making  this  record, 
although  she  was  milked  sixteen  out  of  the  twenty  months  before  we  could 
dry  her  off.  I  am  informed  that  this  is  the  only  time  she  has  ever  been  dry 
since  first  coming  in  milk.  The  statement  made  by  Alfred  Jencks  in  relation 
to  an  accident  happening  to  Pietertje  2d  on  September  1st,  1887,  and  again  on 
January  24th,  1888,  when  she  was  sick,  is  correct,  and  without  a  doubt,  if  noth- 
ing had  happened  to  Pietertje  2d,  her  record  would  have  been  nearer  31,000 
Ibs.  than  30,000  Ibs.  But  as  it  turned  out  the  results  are  quite  gratifying, 
30,318|  Ibs.  beats  all  previous  efforts  by  4,297  Ibs.  6  oz.  Pietertje  2d  was  nearly 
three  months  in  calf  when  this  record  closed,  being  further  in  advance  in  calf 
than  either  Clothilde  or  Echo  were,  as  they  were  not  bred  until  their  records 
were  nearly  closed.  Pietertje  2d  has  one  son  and  three  daughters.  The  son 
is  Pietertje  2d's  Holland  King,  four  years  old;  the  first  daughter  is  Pietertje 
3d,  formerly  Milla;  the  second  daughter  is  Pietertje  4th,  formerly  Pietertje 
2d's  Netherland,  and  the  third  daughter  is  Pietertje  5th,  formerly  Netherland 
Duke's  Pietertje.  This  is  all  the  family,  no  others  in  existence,  and  all  owned 
by  me. 

"  Pietertje  2d  dropped  her  last  calf  February  19th,  1887.  She  commenced 
her  record  February  24th,  1887,  and  closed  the  same  February  23d,  1888,  and  has 
made  the  following  record  for  each  month  and  year: 


February  24th,  1887,  to  March  23d,  1887,  inclusive, 


March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

January 


1888, 


April 

May  " 

June  " 

'  July  " 
August" 

Sept.  " 

Oct.  " 

Nov.  " 

Dec.  " 

Jan.  " 

Feb.  " 


1888, 


2,454  Ibs.    7oz. 


2,818 

'      6 

2,939 

1     14 

. 

3,289 

'     10 

2,H97 

'      4 

2,836 

'     10 

2,586 

'     14 

2,546 

'      7 

2,363 

'     11 

2,004 

1      4 

1,804 

'     12 

• 

1,776 

'      5 

Total, 


Average  per  day  for  the  whole  year,    . 
Highest  day's  yield,  third  month  in  milk,    . 
Smallest  day's  yield,  Jan.  13th,  1888,  when  sick, 
Last  day  of  the  year's  record,  witnessed,    . 

Average  yield  per  day  for  each  month  : 

1st  month,    87  Ibs.  10^         oz. 

2d  month,    90    "  14% 

3d  month,    97    "  15 
4th  month,  106    "         1J8' 
5th  month,    96    "        9  1-5 

6th  month,    91     "  3 


.      30,318  Ibs.    8oz. 

83  Ibs.    1  11-365  oz. 
112   "      7 
41    "      5 
60   "     13 


7th  month,  83  Ibs.  0  27-31  oz. 


8th  month,  84 

9th  month,  76 

10th  month,  K6 

llth  month,  58 

12th  month,  57 


14 
4 

13 

3  15-31 

4  25-31 


"  It  will  be  seen  that  these  last  months  were  on  dry  feed  and  in  mid- winter  ; 
also  cow  in  calf.  Pietertje  2d  was  only  milked  three  times  per  day  during 
this  record. 

"  The  analysis  of  Pietertje  2d's  milk  was  made  by  New  York  Agricultural 
Experiment  Station,  Geneva,  N.  Y.,  and  Cornell  University,  Ithaca,  N.  Y., 
both  at  the  same  time,  and  from  samples  from  the  same  milking.  The  analy- 
ses agree  very  closely  and  are  as  follows  : 


Specific  Gravity 
Total  Solids 
Fat      . 
Solids  minus  fat 
Caseine  n  x 
Ash      . 
Sugar  (by  difference 

1.0284 
1  1.20  per  ce 
3.16    " 
8.04     " 

2.72    " 
.70    " 
)        4.52     " 

Average  Standard 


.12  per  cent. 

.3to.3K  " 

.9 


"  This  is  a  wonderful  showing  considering  the  feed  that  Pietertje  2d  has 
had.  The  richness  of  the  milk  would  show  that  she  is  a  great  butter  cow  as 
well  as  a  great  milker.  Her  milk  has  been  taken  to  the  cheese  factory  and 
accepted  as  good  milk,  although  no  factory  in  this  section  of  the  country  will 
allow  patrons  to  feed  potatoes  to  their  cows,  on  account  of  hurting  the  quality 
of  milk.  Notwithstanding  these  facts,  Pietertje  2d's  milk  is  fully  up  to  the 
standard  in  butter  fats,  and  is  only  off  a  small  fraction  on  solids.  One  can 
readily  see  that  her  food  has  been  to  stimulate  quantity  instead  of  quality,  and 
therefore,  must  say  that  the  analysis  of  this  milk  is  highly  gratifying  to  me. 


PIETERTJE   2D'S  RECORD.  49 


"  In  summer  during  the  warm  weather  she  was  kept  in  the  barn  daytimes 
and  turned  to  pasture  at  night.  Was  fed  three  times  per  day  during  the  entire 
year.  The  feed  consisted  of  equal  parts  in  measurement  of  ground  oats  and 
bran,  ranging  from  20  to  28  pounds  per  day,  if  any  left  it  was  ordinarily  taken 
away  from  her.  Also  during  the  season  for  turnips  she  had  about  one-half 
bushel  per  day  and  some  potatoes,  the  amount  of  both  ranging  from  one-half 
to  one  and  one-half  bushel.  The  potatoes  were  fed  during  the  whole  year,  and 
I  should  say  would  average  from  one-half  to  three-quarters  of  a  bushel  per  day 
for  the  whole  year.  Whenever  anything  was  refused  it  was  usually  taken 
away.  In  the  day  time  during  the  summer  she  was  fed  grass  and  during  the 
winter  her  fodder  consisted  of  timothy  hay  and  corn  stalk,  neither  of  them  cut. 
During  cold  weather  she  had  water  to  drink  three  times  per  day  at  a  temper- 
ature of  60  degrees.  No  drink  of  any  kind  during  this  record  but  good  water. 
She  was  also  fed  one  pound  of  Blatchford's  Royal  Stock  Food,  also  a  small 
quantity  of  Thorley's  Horse  and  Cattle  Food.  These  foods  were  fed  with  the 
ground  oats  and  bran,  this  feed  being  moistened  with  water.  Her  stall  in 
which  she  ran  loose  was  13x15  feet  and  screened  to  keep  flies  out  during  the 
summer. 

"Pietertje  2d's  milk  record  has  been  kept  accurately,  and  each  milking 
weighed  and  recorded  at  the  time.  The  greatest  care  has  been  taken  to  have 
this  record  made  as  publicly  as  possible.  No  record  ever  before  was  given  to 
the  public  before  completed  for  the  purpose  of  giving  the  public  an  opportunity 
to  come  and  test  and  examine  records,  and  investigate  parties  that  had  made 
tests  and  sworn  to  the  same.  I  say  that  no  record  was  ever  made  by  any  cow 
where  the  breeders  and  public  had  the  full  knowledge  of  what  was  going  on  as 
they  have  had  during  the  making  of  this  record.  The  gentlemen  that  have 
witnessed  these  tests  are  honorable  and  honest  men,  and  occupy  high  standing 
in  society,  and  are  holding  high  and  honorable  positions.  The  affidavits  will 
now  be  referred  to  in  their  regular  order. 

"The  affidavit  of  Dallas  B.  Whipple,  of  Cuba,  Allegany  county,  N.  Y.,  the 
owner  of  Pietertje  2d,  states  that  Pietertje  2d  dropped  her  calf  February  19th, 
1887,  and  commenced  her  record  February  24th,  1887,  and  closed  the  same  Feb- 
ruary 23d,  1888,  just  one  year  from  the  time  she  commenced  it ;  and  at  the 
close  of  this  record  Pietertje  2d  was  nearly  three  months  in  calf.  My  affidavit 
also  corroborates  Rev.  W.  W.  Rafter's  statement  and  affidavit.  I  witnessed 
the  same  test  that  he  did,  and  saw  Pietertje  2d  milk  May  21st,  1887,  107  Ibs.  8 
oz.  I  also  saw  two  milkings  of  the  same  test  of  Geo.  H.  Brooks  of  May  18th,  in 
which  he  testifies  that  Pietertje  2d  milked  112  Ibs.  7  oz.  Being  called  away  on 
business,  I  was  prevented  from  seeing  the  third  milking. 

"  Affidavit  of  Geo.  H.  Brooks,  merchant,  Cuba,  N.  Y.,  testifies  that  on  the 
evening  of  May  17th,  he  saw  Pietertje  2d  milked  clean,  and  in  just  twenty- 
four  hours  thereafter  closed  the  twenty-four  hour  test,  and  in  the  meantime 
he  had  seen  her  milk  112  Ibs.  7  oz.  in  three  milkings. 

"  Affidavit  of  Rev.  W.  W.  Rafter,  rector  of  Christ  Church,  Cuba,  N.  Y.,  tes- 
tifies that  within  twenty-four  hours  after  seeing  Pietertje  2d  milked  clean,  she 
had  milked  107  Ibs.  8  oz.  in  three  milkings,  May  21st,  1887. 

"  Prof.  J.  E.  Dewey  of  Limestone  Academy,  Limestone,  N.  Y.,  testifies  that 
on  July  19th,  after  seeing  Pietertje  2d  milked  clean,  he  saw  her  milk  94  Ibs.  1 
oz.,  within  the  following  twenty-four  hours,  just  five  months  from  the  date  of 
her  calving. 

"Affidavit  of  Frank  H.  Robinson,  the  district  attorney  of  Steuben  county, 
N.  Y.,  testifies  that  on  July  26th,  he  visited  Cuba  for  the  purpose  of  witnessing 
a  milk  test  of  Pietertje  2d.  He  testifies  that  on  that  date  he  saw  her  milked 
clean,  and  saw  her  milk  within  the  next  twenty-four  hours,  at  three  milkings, 
92  Ibs.  10  oz.,  five  months  after  calving. 

"  Affidavit  of  Wm.  Ormiston,  of  the  firm  of  Ormiston  Bros.,  Valley  Point 
Farm,  Cuba,  N.  Y. — breeders  of  Ayrshire  cattle  and  owners  of  the  noted  prize 
herd  that  was  exhibited  so  successfully  in  the  West  and  Southwest  for  two 
years  in  succession — testifies  that  after  seeing  Pietertje  2d  milked  dry  February 
6th,  1888,  he  saw  her  milk  in  the  next  twenty-four  hours  59  Ibs.  11  oz.,  Hi 
months  after  calving,  and  in  middle  of  the  winter. 

"  Affidavit  of  Solomon  Hoxie  of  Whitestown,  N.  Y.,  superintendent  of  the 
Advanced  Registry  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association,  testifies  that  on  Feb- 
ruary 16th,  1888,  he  saw  Pietertje  2d  milked  dry,  and  on  the  17th,  just  twenty- 
four  hours  from  that  time,  he  had  seen  milked  from  Pietertje  2d,  57  Ibs.  9 


50  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

oz.,  this  being  the  last  week  of  the  year's  test  or  record  and  in  middle  of  win- 
ter with  temperature  10  degrees  below  zero,  and  cow  said  to  be  nearly  three 
months  in  calf. 

"  Affidavit  of  Dudley  Miller  of  Oswego,  N.  Y.,  secretary  of  Board  of  Trade 
of  Oswego,  N.  Y.,  testifies  that  after  seeing  Pietertje  2d  milked  dry  the  evening 
of  February  16th,  1888,  that  on  February  17  he  saw  her  milk  60  Ibs.  4  oz. 
This,  the  last  week  in  the  year's  record  and  nearly  three  months  in  calf. 

4 'Affidavit of  Samuel  C.  Drew,  Cuba,  N.  Y.,  breeder  of  Jerseys,  testifies  that 
he  saw  Pietertje  2d  milked  dry  the  evening  of  February  22d,  1888,  and  morn- 
ing, noon  and  night  milking  of  February  23d,  1888,  making  just  twenty-four 
hours  production,  in  which  time  she  gave  60  Ibs.  13  oz.  This  being  the  last 
milking  of  the  year's  record. 

"  Affidavit  of  Geo.  D.  Whipple,  Cuba,  N.  Y.,  testifies  that  on  February  22d, 
1888,  at  evening  milking  of  Pietertje  2d  he  saw  her  milked  clean,  and  on  Feb- 
ruary 23d  he  saw  her  milked  in  the  morning,  at  noon  and  at  evening,  and  in 
the  twenty-four  hours  she  milked  60  Ibs. 13  oz.  This  completed  the  year's  record, 
which  foots  up  to  30,318^  Ibs. 

"Affidavit  of  Alfred  Jencks,  Cuba,  N.  Y.,  testifies  that  he  has  had  full  care 
of  Pietertje  2d  both  in  feeding  and  milking.  He  testifies  that  Pietertje  2d 
milked  in  exactly  one  year,  30,318|  Ibs.,  and  that  all  the  different  tests  are  true 
and  correct  in  every  particular,  also  that  Pietertje  2d  was  milked  only  three 
times  per  day  during  this  record,  and  that  she  was  nearly  three  months  in  calf 
when  she  closed  her  record.  He  also  testifies  in  relation  to  Pietertje  3d,  for- 
merly Milla,  a  daughter  of  Pietertje  2d. 

"Affidavits  of  Henry  C.  Morgan,  cashier  of  First  National  Bank,  Cuba,  N.Y., 
and  Chas.  S.  Davis,  cashier  of  Cuba  National  Bank,  Cuba,  N.  Y.,  both  testify 
as  to  seeing  Pietertje  2d  milked,  and  the  milk  poured  from  pail  to  pail  till  thor- 
oughly mixed  and  cooled ;  then  that  they  took  the  same  and  expressed  two 
packages — one  to  Cornell  University,  Ithica,  N.  Y.,  and  the  other  to  New  York 
Experimental  Station  at  Geneva,  N.  Y. 

"  Pietertje  2d's  record  is  supported  in  its  different  forms  by  nearly  twice 
as  many  affidavits  as  any  other  milk  record  ever  before  made." 

Mr.  Henry  C.  Jewett  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  stated  in  a  paper  read  before  the 
Farmers'  Club  in  Buffalo  in  1886  that  the  milk  of  his  herd  was  marketed  in  glas& 
bottles  in  Buffalo  at  nine  cents  per  quart;  the  gross  annual  income  per  cow 
exceeding  $300.  For  five  years,  since  the  herd  was  established  in  1880,  each  and 
all  the  mature  cows  in  it,  averaged  over  11,200  Ibs.  of  milk  per  annum  with  but 
two  milkings  per  day  and  ordinary  good  feeding. 

The  following  excerpt  from  the  article  of  C.  W.  Jennings  of  Belleville,  N.  Y.r 
in  an  issue  of  Hoard's  Dairyman,  affords  a  fine  opportunity  to  recommend  a 
practical  cow  to  farmers.  The  earnings  of  the  grade  Holstein  herd  stand  at  $81 
per  cow  as  against  $29.75  for  the  grade  Jersey  herd,  $28.41  per  cow  of  the  mixed 
Jersey  herd,  $42.69  per  cow,  average  of  the  "  natives."  Below  is  the  excerpt: 

"  The  Jersey  Bulletin  is  of  course  an  '  organ.'  Its  chief  business  seems  to 
be  the  publishing  of  tests  of  high-toned  Jersey  cows,  and  belittling  and  misrep- 
resenting all  other  breeds.  It  is  careful  to  'keep  dark,'  however,  the  poor 
Jersey's  tests.  Probably  they  are  'crowded  out.'  Last  week  in  referring  to 
the  'cow  census'  of  this  town,  it  dubbed  the  entire  number  of  cows — 5,507— as 
'  regular  old 
For  the  editor's  es 
Jersey  herds. 

them  taken  from  that  same  '  cow  census'  returns.  They  may  not  prove  what 
Horace  Greeley  termed  '  mighty  entertaining  reading '  for  the  Bulletin  of  big 
tests,  but  they  will  do  for  a  change. 

STATEMENTS. 

Cows,  22  high  grade  Jerseys.                       Value  of  cheese, $214.55 

Value  of  calves  sold  and  raised,    .        .     $178.94       Total  earnings 312.55 

Value  of  cheese, 472.51        Earnings  per  cow, 28.41 

Value  of  deacon  skins,    ....  3.00 

No  butter.  No.  17. 

Total  earnings, 654.45                                  Cows,  7  natives. 

Earnings  per  cow, 29.75       Value  of  calves  sold  and  raised,    .        .  $45.00 

No.  54.                                            Value  of  butter, 36.00 

Cows,  11  Jerseys  and  Jersey  grades.               Value  of  cheese, 200.00 

Value  of  calves  raised  and  sold,    .        .         42.00       Total  earnings, 281.00 

Value  of  butter, 56.00       Earnings  per  cow 45.21 


ACTUAL  RESULTS. 


No.  193. 

Cows,  7  natives. 

Value  of  calves,        .... 
Value  of  deacon  skins,    . 
Value  of  butter,        .... 
Value  of  cheese,       .... 
Total  earnings, 
Earnings  per  cow,    .... 


$25  00 
.80 

35.00 
255.72 
316.52 

40.14 


No.  302. 

Cows,  5  Holstein  grades. 
Value  of  calves  raised  and  sold,    .        .       $70.00 

Value  of  butter, 335.00 

No  cheese. 

Total  earnings, 405.00 

Earnings  per  cow, 81.00 


"  From  the  above  statements  it  appears  that  the  average  earnings  per  cow 
of  the  Jersey  grade  herds  were  $29.36  ;  of  the  two  native  herds,  $42.68,  or  $13.38 
more  each  cow ;  while  those  of  the  Holstein  herd  were  $51.70  more  per  cow. 
There  were  several  other  herds  that  were  part  Jerseys,  with  no  better  records, 
and  several  natives  with  nearly  as  good  records  as  those  quoted.  So  far  as  the 
'  regular  old  natives  '  are  concerned,  I  will  say  that  not  more  than  one-fourth 
of  the  5,5,07  cows  were  of  that  class. 

"  From  the  above  one  can  see  how  far  out  of  the  way  an  organ  of  'breeds ' 
can  get  concerning  real  facts." 

Beginning  with  1870,  the  greatest  annual  milk  records  of  Holstein-Friesian 
cows,  with  dates  when  completed,  are  as  follows  : 


Month. 


Name. 


Lbs.    oz. 


1871 
1876 
1881 
1881 
1883 

March  15  
January  29,      . 
February  21  ,. 
March  27,          .... 
March  19,          .... 

Dowager,  7  H.  H.-B.,          .... 
Ladv  Clifden,  159  H.  H.-B  
Aegis,  69  H.  H.-B  
Aaggie.  901  H.  H.-B., 
Echo,  121  H.  H.-B.,      .... 

12,681    8 
16,274    0 
16,823  10 
18,004  15 
18,120    8 

1884 

1884 

March  20  
April  16 

Lady  De  Vries.  689  F.  H.-B.,      . 
Empress  539  H   H.-B., 

18,848    4 
19,714    4 

1884 
1886 
1888 

May  28  
August  17,         .... 
February  23,     .... 

Echo.  121  H.  H.-B  
Clothilde,  1308  H.  H.-B.,     . 
Pietertje  3d,  3273  H.  H.-B.. 

23,775    8 
26,021    2 
30,318    8 

CHAPTER  VIII. 

QUALITY  OF  MILK— MICROSCOPIC  APPEARANCE— BUTTER  EXPORTS  FROM  HOLLAND- 
COMPARISON   WITH  OTHER  BREEDS — CHEESE  PRODUCTION — ANALYSIS  OF    MILK 

— j.  VAN  DER  BREGGEN'S  STATISTICS. 

Examinations  of  the  milk  of  this  breed  under  the  microscope  made  by  Dr. 
Sturtevant,  Prof.  Arnold  and  others  reveal  a  peculiar  structure.  The  fat  glob- 
ules are  numerous,  very  uniform  in  size,  but  small.  In  consequence  of  such  a 
structure,  the  cream  rises  slowly.  Set  side  by  side  with  milk  of  no  richer  qual- 
ity, but  of  larger  fat  globules,  in  a  given  time  less  depth  of  cream  will  appear. 
Hence,  a  comparison  by  the  cream  gauge  with  milk  of  other  breeds  is  often 
unfavorable.  Prof.  Hengerveld  gives  the  depth  of  cream  from  8  to  16  per  cent. 
Mr.  Amersfort,  of  Haarlemameer,  in  a  weekly  test  of  his  herd,  continued  for 
years,  found  the  average  to  be  from  12  to  13  per  cent.  The  peculiar  structure 
of  this  milk  renders  it  especially  valuable  for  cheese  making,  as  the  fat  globules, 
are  more  readily  retained  in  the  curd.  It  also  adds  to  its  value  for  marketing. 
Early  and  late-served  customers  receive  a  more  uniform  quality.  Such  cus- 
tomers may  not  find  so  much  cream  upon  the  surface  as  in  milk  of  larger  fat 
globules,  but  a  better  quality  throughout  the  measure;  and  they  should  not 
judge  its  quality  by  its  color,  but  rather  by  its  opaqueness. 

The  chief  business  of  the  Friesian  dairymen,  the  originators  of  this  breedr 
is  butter  making.  It  is  difficult  to  go  back  and  ascertain  when  this  was  not 
their  chief  occupation,  so  long  and  so  continuously  have  they  pursued  it.  It  i& 
of  so  much  importance  to  their  country  that  other  kinds  of  business  prosper  or 
fail  with  the  rise  or  fall  of  price,  or  the  increase  or  decrease  of  the  single  pro- 
duct, butter.  London  is  their  principal  export  market,  where  it  has  been  the- 
standard  butter  from  time  immemorial.  The  color  of  the  butter  is  a  lemon- 
yellow  rather  than  orange  ;  its  flavor  light,  sweet  and  clean  ;  its  keeping  qual- 
ities are  unexcelled.  It  is  marketed  in  what  is  called  by  them  quarter,  eighth 
and  sixteenth  casks,  a  quarter  holding  forty  kilos,  or  eighty-nine  pounds  avoir- 
dupois. These  casks  are  very  neat  and  substantial  in  appearance,  every  one- 


HOLLAND'S  BUTTER  EXPORTS — COMPARISON  WITH  OTHER  BREEDS.  53 

bound  with  twelve  hoops  of  willow,  put  on  by  threes.  There  are  several  public 
market  places  in  the  province  of  Friesland.  That  at  Leeuwarden  is  one  of  the 
finest  in  the  world.  Upon  this  single  market  upwards  of  9,000,000  of  pounds 
are  annually  sold.  This  province  is  about  equal  in  size  to  Herkimer  county  in 
Central  New  York. 

According  to  Chambers'  Encyclopedia,  the  amount  of  butter  exported  from 
this  province  to  England  in  1874  was  266,041  cwt.,  or  29,796,592  Ibs.  This  was 
an  average  of  117i  Ibs.  for  every  acre  of  grass  land  in  the  whole  country.  The 
number  of  cows  for  that  year  is  not  reported,  but  we  find  from  other  authori- 
ties that  the  number  in  1879  was  144,802.  Assuming  an  equal  number  in  1874, 
the  average  export  per  cow  was  205f  Ibs.  We  have  no  data  of  the  home  con- 
sumption, but  the  population  was  321,445.  The  bearing  and  force  of  these 
statistics  will  be  better  understood  by  a  comparison.  The  number  of  milch 
cows  in  the  state  of  New  York  in  the  same  year  was  1,301,879.  The  milk  of 
396,772  was  carried  to  factories,  and  mainly  manufactured  into  cheese.  The 
milk  of  the  remainder,  905,107  cows,  produced  107,873,361  Ibs.  of  butter,  an 
average  of  119^  Ibs.  per  cow.  It  will  be  seen  by  these  statements  that  the 
Friesian  is  one  of  the  most  important  butter  making  breeds,  yet  it  does  not  hold 
this  position  by  the  superior  richness  of  its  milk,  but  rather  by  exceeding  pro- 
ductiveness in  quantity. 

The  quality  for  butter  production  as  determined  by  the  Wirtemberg  tests 
was  found  to  rank  closely  to  that  of  other  breeds  of  large  dairy  cattle.  In  these 
exhaustive  trials  made  under  the  auspices  of  the  king,  its  quality,  determined 
from  actual  butter  making,  was  one  thirty-seventh  below  the  Shorthorn,  the 
Yorkshire  and  the  Suffolk,  the  leading  dairy  breeds  of  England.  In  other 
words,  a  given  quantity  of  milk  that  would  make  37  Ibs.  from  these  breeds, 
from  the  Friesian  breed  would  make  36  Ibs. 

As  compared  with  the  Devon,  Hungarian  and  Hereford  breeds,  it  was  two- 
elevenths  below,  with  the  Allgauer  and  the  unnamed  breed  from  Uri,  Switzer- 
land, one-tenth  below,  with  Limburger  five-twenty-thirds  below,  with  the 
Jersey  breed  a  little  less  than  three-tenths  below,  and  with  the  Swiss  breed  a 
little  less  than  one-eighth  below.  But  when  quantity  of  milk  was  also  taken 
into  consideration  it  excelled  all  the  other  breeds  in  butter  production,  except- 
ing the  Swiss.  Allowing  to  the  Jersey  breed  the  standard  yield  of  200  Ibs.  of 
butter  per  annum,  the  Friesian  and  Swiss  cows  would  produce  239  Ibs.  (drop- 
ping fractional  pounds)  and  the  Canvass  cows  216  Ibs.  The  others  would  fall 
below  the  standard  in  the  following  order:  Yorkshires,  193  Ibs.;  unnamed  breed 
from  Uri,  Switzerland,  192  Ibs.;  Allgauers,  189  Ibs.:  Limburgers,  188  Ibs.;  Dur- 
hams,  187  Ibs.;  Suffolks,  158  Ibs.;  Murzthalers,  138  Ibs.;  Devons,  126  Ibs.;  Here- 
fords,  104  Ibs.,  and  Hungarians,  68  Ibs. 

For  cheese  production  it  was  found  equal  in  quality  to  the  Durham,  the 
Polled  Yorkshire  and  the  Polled  Suffolk;  it  was  one-twentieth  below  the  Swiss, 
the  Devon,  the  Hereford,  the  Canvass,  the  Allgauer,  the  Hungarian  and 
unnamed  breed  from  Uri,  Switzerland;  one-seventh  below  the  Limburger, 
and  one-thirty-ninth  below  the  Murzthaler.  But,  as  in  butter  making,  when 
quality  of  milk  was  also  taken  into  consideration,  it  excelled  all  other  breeds. 
Allowing  to  the  Durham  breed  the  standard  yield  of  500  Ibs.,  four  breeds  would 
go  above  this  standard,  led  by  the  Friesians  in  the  following  order  (dropping 
fractional  pounds):  Friesians,  654  Ibs.;  Swiss,  606  Ibs.;  Canvass,  532  Ibs.;  York- 
shires, 515  Ibs.  Below  the  standard  the  order  would  be  as  follows:  Unnamed 
breed  from  Uri,  Switzerland,  498  Ibs.;  Allgauers,  489  Ibs.;  Limburgers,  445  Ibs.; 
Suffolks,  421  Ibs.;  Murzthalers,  331  Ibs.;  Devons,  295  Ibs.;  Herefords,  254  Ibs., 
and  Hungarians,  162  Ibs. 

According  to  Professor  Hengerveld  the  milk  of  this  breed  contains  from  8 
to  16  per  cent  solids,  of  which  from  2^  to  4|  per  cent  is  fat.  Much  higher 
analyses  have  been  published  in  this  counry,  some  of  which  cannot  be  regarded 
as  reliable.  A  few  years  ago  Mr.  R.  F.  McKedzie,  assistant  chemist  of  Michigan 
Agricultural  College,  published  a  table  of  averages  of  analyses  of  the  different 
breeds.  In  this  table  the  average  per  cent  of  fat  in  the  milk  of  this  breed  is 
given  at  6.84.  This  is  undoubtedly  much  too  high.  The  table  was  no  doubt 
correctly  calculated,  but  the  analyses  must  have  been  obtained  from  unreliable 
sources. 

The  kind,  quality  and  quantity  of  food,  the  state  of  the  weather,  the  health 
of  the  animal  and  many  other  things  greatly  modify  the  quality  of  milk  pro- 
duced by  any  given  breed,  increasing  or  decreasing  the  total  solids,  as  the 


54 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


circumstances  are  favorable  or  unfavorable.  We  give  the  following  analyses  of 
milk  of  this  breed  with  the  attendant  conditions.  The  authorities  of  the  city 
of  Leeuwarden,  Friesland,  caused  the  analyses  of  the  milk  of  four  cows  to  be 
made  on  the  15th  of  May,  1879,  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  quality  of 
milk  that  might  be  sold  in  the  market  as  pure.  The  cows  were  then  kept  in 
the  open  fields  without  stabling,  night  or  day,  in  a  climate  very  cold  and  damp 
at  this  season.  Their  food  was  only  the  watery  grasses  of  spring  time. 


Age  of  Cow. 
9  years. 

4      " 


No.  Days 

from  Calving. 

20 

86 

25 

127 


Specific  Gravity 
of  Milk. 
1.0322 
1.0306 
1.0323 
1.0324 


Total  Solids. 


12.65 
11.84 


12.72 


Fat. 

335 

3.10 
2.67 
2.96 


1.0314 


12.36 


On  the  31st  of  March,  1879,  the  milk  of  four  other  cows  was  taken, 
were  kept  in  the  stables  on  the  ordinary  hay  of  that  country: 


These 


Age  of  Cow. 

4  years. 

6      u 

5  " 
2      " 


No.  Days 

from  Calving. 

11 

43 

245 

194 


Specific  Gravity 

of  Milk. 

1.0335 

1.0300 

1.0306 


Total  Solids. 

13.52 
11.64 
12.00 


Fat. 

3.04 
3.48 
3.54 
3.43 


1.0315 


12.57 


In  an  address  before  the  Netherlands  Agricultural  Society  in  1881,  Mr.  T.  J. 
vd  Pesch  says  that  analyses  of  milk  of  this  breed  show  a  variation  of  constitu- 
ents as  follows : 


In  per  cent,  of  water,   . 
butter, 
caseine, 
milk  sugar,  , 
albumen, 
other  solids, 


from  84      to  88      per  cent. 
2.50  "    4.50 
2.50  "    5 
3       "6 

.33  "      .55 

.07  "      .08 


As  I  have  given  facts  concerning  the  butter  of  Holstein-Friesians  in  Amer- 
ica, and  England  and  Friesland,  I  will  add  the  average  analysis  of  milk  taken 
from  various  races  of  cows  at  the  Paris  International  Exposition  of  1878 : 


No. 

Cows. 

Races  or  Breeds. 

Butter. 

True 
lactic 
acid. 

Milk 
Sugar. 

Proteine  mat- 
ters —  caseine, 
albumen. 

Salts. 

Water. 

Total. 

2 

5 

Ayrshire, 
Shorthorn, 

35.98 
35.51 

.20 
.54 

52.93 
51.48 

23.83 
25.67 

7.62 

7.81 

911.61 
911.35 

1,033.15 
1,033.36 

5 

Flemish, 

34.18 

:  .86 

51.18 

23.45 

7.93 

913.86 

1,032.54 

5 

Holland, 

38.99 

.64 

50.70 

22.14 

7.84 

909.39 

1,031.70 

6 

Norman, 

38.95 

.93 

51.07 

26.81 

8.06 

906.94 

1,033.75 

5 

Switz, 

37.81 

.42 

54.19 

24.04 

8.05 

908.47 

1,033.86 

From  this  table  it  will  be  seen  that  the  analysis  does  not  show  Holstein- 
Friesian  milk  lacking  in  butter,  as  it  stands  at  the  head  of  the  list. 

The  following  statistics  in  regard  to  quality  were  compiled  by  J.  Van  der 
Breggen  Az,  of  Waddingveen,  South  Holland,  one  of  the  largest  land  owners 
and  cheese  makers  in  Europe. 

It  has  often  been  said,  but  never  proved,  that  Dutch  cows  give  a  large 
quantity  of  milk,  but  that  the  milk  is  poor. 

I  believe  the  milk  of  our  Dutch  cows  is  as  rich  in  butler  and  cheese  as  that 
of  other  breeds,  and  I  am  glad  to  find  that  the  learned  Prof.  Sanson  is  of  the 
same  opinion. 

The  following  lists  will  prove  the  truth  of  my  assertion.  I  must  only 
observe  that,  as  cheese  making  is  my  chief  occupation,  my  accounts  will  be 
more  detailed  than  those  for  butter  making. 


j.  VAN  DER  BREGGEN'S  STATISTICS. 


55 


As  for  cheese  making,  I  have,  however,  only  a  few  comparing  figures  at 
my  service.     We  have  obtained  the  following  results  in  six  \ears  : 


Kilograms* 
of  Milk. 

Kilograms  of  milk  required  for 
1  kilogram  of  cheeset 

1875         
1876         
1877         
1878         
1879                 .... 

416,612 
487,891 
569,586 
525,722 
475.640 

9.86 
10.48 
10.36 
10.46 
10.97 

1880         

404,914 

10.88 

Av  of  6  yrs. 

10.5  kil.,  or  10.2  litres.  J 

*  Edam  cheese  requires  more  milk  for  a  pound  than  American. 
t  A  kilogram  is  2,20185  avoirdupois. 
t  A  litre  is  2,113  pints. 

So  we  required  in  six  years,  10.2  litres  of  milk  to  make  a  kilogram  of  new 
cheese.  On  an  average,  there  is  a  loss  in  weight  of  7|  per  cent  when  the 
cheese  is  fit  for  delivery.  Edam  cheese  requires  more  milk  for  a  pound  than 
American.  A  kilogram  is  2,20185  avoirdupois.  A  litre  is  2,113  pints. 

At  Longford  (a  very  fertile  district  on  the  river  Shannon,  in  Ireland)  they 
made  93,415  kilograms  of  new  cheese  from  1,000,675  litres  of  milk,  so  that  they 
required  then  10.75  litres  of  milk  for  one  kilogram  of  fresh  cheese.  They  found 
a  loss  in  weight  of  9  per  cent  when  the  cheese  was  delivered. 

At  Baron  Wolff's,  in  Livonia  (a  fertile  district  in  Western  Russia,  on  the 
Gulf  of  Riga),  they  needed  14.3  litres  of  milk  from  Ayrshire-Angler  cows  to 
make  one  kilogram  of  fat  cheese. 

At  Aas,  in  Norway,  one  kilogram  of  Cheddar  cheese  was  made  from  12.1 
litres  of  milk,  and  the  average  of  100  cheese  manufacturers  in  America  is  9.82 
kilograms  of  milk  to  make  one  kilogram  of  cheese. 

I  have  not  been  able  to  find  more  trustworthy  reports,  but  the  foregoing 
list  shows  that  they  wanted  more  milk  of  English  cattle  of  Longford,  and  in 
Russia  and  Norway,  to  make  one  kilogram  of  cheese  than  they  do  here  (in  Hol- 
land); the  accounts  from  America  show  rather  less.  We  may  thus  conclude 
that  the  milk  of  Dutch  cows  contains  at  least  as  much  caseine  as  that  from 
other  stock. 

The  following  list  will  serve  as  a  criterion  of  the  quality  of  the  milk  during 
the  various  months  of  the  year : 

KILOGRAMS  OP  MILK  NEEDED  TO  MAKE  ONE  KILOGRAM  OF  CHEESE  IN — 


Mar. 

April.       May 

June. 

July.        Aug. 

Sept. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Dec. 

1875 

9.34 

9.65 

10.60 

10.75 

10.50 

9.18 

9.00 

1876 

. 

.... 

10.26 

10.80 

10.36 

11.06 

10.05 

10.26 

9.05 

9.37 

1877 

10.52 

11.00 

10.11 

10.77 

11.12 

10.98 

10.00 

9.40 

9.00 

9.30 

1878 

10.35 

11.06 

10.40 

10.70 

10.92 

10.80 

9.90 

9.00 

9.15 

8.80 

1879 

11.10 

11.90 

10.60 

11.00 

11.10 

11.20 

10.70 

9.50 

9.95 

1880 

11.70 

10.99 

10.80 

11.10 

11.16 

11.03 

10.42 

9.30 

Av.     .     .     .  10.92 

11.24 

10.25 

10.67 

11.04         10.97         10.26 

9.44 

9.05 

9.24 

When  we  consider  the  results  of  these  stastistics.  it  appears  that  in  March, 
when  the  cows  have  newly  calved,  less  milk  is  required  to  make  one  kilogram  of 
cheese  than  in  April ;  that  in  May,  the  milk  grows  richer,  when  the  cows  are 
turned  upon  the  new  grass,  and  gradually  deteriorates  in  quality  in  the  months 
of  June  and  July.  In  August  the  milk  again  grows  richer ;  but  the  richer  it 
grows,  the  less  it  produces,  and  I  have  often  remarked  that  the  milk  is  poorer 
in  warm  weather  and  richer  when  the  weather  is  cool. 

Now  I  have  still  to  compare  the  produce  of  butter.  Butter  making  is  not 
my  chief  business,  as  I  have  already  remarked,  but  I  think  the  following  list 


j.  VAN  DER  BREGGEN'S  STATISTICS. 


will  give  a  clear  view  of  the  production  of  butter  from  Dutch  cows, 
butter  was  weighed  on  delivery. 


The 


Time  of  Butter  Making. 

Litres  of  Milk 
Churned. 

Kilograms  of  Butter 
Produced. 

Litres  of  Milk  per 
Kilogram  of  Butter. 

Feb.,  1877     . 
March  1877          .... 

1,409 
2,341 

51.0 
76.5 

27.6 
30.6 

March,  1878  
Nov.,  1880     
Dec    1880 

518 
1,943 
4,977 

17.0 
70.2 
196.0 

30.5 
27.7 
25.4 

Feb    1881 

3  772 

133.7 

28.2 

March,  1881  
April,  1881    
May,  1881      
June,  1881    
July,  1881     

8.217 
6,178 
5,066 
3,2<>0 
3,104 

294.7 
204.8 
137.2 
99.0 
93.3 

27.9 
30.1 
36.5 
33. 
33.3 

The  following  list  may  serve  as  a  comparison:  At  Mrs.  Beckhusen's  at 
Rastede,  Oldenburg  (Oldenburg  is  in  the  northwest  part  of  the  German 
Empire).  In  1874,  447.5  kilograms  of  butter  were  made  from  12,609  litres  of 
milk;  so  they  required  28.2  litres  of  milk  to  produce  one  kilogram  of  butter. 
From  November  1,  1874,  till  October  30,  1875,  34.4  litres  of  milk  were  required  at 
the  same  farm  to  produce  one  kilogram  of  butter. 

Gustaf  Schwartz,  at  the  farm  of  Hofgaarden  (Sweden),  the  inventor  of  the 
ice  method,  required,  in  1874,  30.75  litres  of  milk  for  one  kilogram  of  butter. 

Staatsrath  Tesdorf  used  in  the  ten  summer  weeks  from  June  20  till 
August  14,  in  1873,  33,743  kilograms  of  milk,  or  32.46  litres  ;  in  1875,  28,719 
kilograms  of  milk,  or  27.99  litres,  and  produced  in  1873,  22,904  kilograms  of 
butter  from  661,972  litres  of  milk  (28.9  litres  for  one  kilogram  of  butter)  ;  in  1874, 
21,751  kilograms  of  butter  from  637,217  litres  of  milk  (29.3  .litres  for  one 
kilogram  of  butter);  in  1875,  20,701  kilograms  of  butter  from  581,241  litres  of 
milk  (28.1  litres  of  milk  for  one  kilogram  of  butter). 

The  latter  states  that  the  difference  in  weight  between  new  butter  and 
that  which  was  delivered,  amounted  in  1873,  to  4.7  per  cent;  in  1874,  to  6.6  per 
cent,  and  1875,  to  7.4  per  cent.  From  this  we  see  that  to  deliver  one  kilogram 
of  butter  in  1873,  30.32  litres  of  milk  were  required  ;  in  1874,  31.37  litres,  and  in 
1875,  30.34  litres. 

At  Rosvang,  Denmark,  in  1873-4,  30  litres  and  more  were  required  for  one 
kilogram  of  butter,  weighed  as  soon  as  it  was  churned,  and  33.6  litres  on 
delivery. 

At  Count  Schlieffen's,  at  Baden  in  Mecklenburg  (a  fertile  province  between 
the  Elbe  and  the  Baltic,  noted  as  being  the  place  of  origin  of  the  celebrated 
Rosenstein  breed)  in  September  and  October,  29.1  litres  of  milk  (from  122  cows) 
were  required  to  produce  one  kilogram  of  butter. 

O.  Petersen,  at  Windhausen,  required  from  thirty  cows: 


1861-2 
1862-3 
1863-4 
1864-5 


At  skimming,  in 


34.44  litres. 
33.64     " 
36.04     " 
35.82    " 


1865-6 
1866-7 
1867-8 
1868-9 
1869-70 


At  churning,  in 


31.52  litres. 

2852  " 
29.90  " 
28.92  " 
27.72  " 


At  the  farm  Lampspringe,  near  Hildesheim  (in  the  southern  part  of  Han- 
over), 37  kilograms,  or  35.9  litres,  were  required  from  sixty  cows,  from  May  1 
1877,  to  March  1,  1878. 

Hofmeester,  in  Ingolstadt  (on  the  river  Danube  in  Bavaria).  The  milk 
was  probably  from  one  of  the  South  German  or  one  of  the  Swiss  breeds.  In 
1871  was  stated  to  require  for  one  kilogram  of  butter  28.48  litres  of  milk  from 
123  cows,  and  churned  after  the  Holstein  skimming  system. 

Hoist,  near  Svenstrup  (Schonen),  requires,  on  the  average,  27.86  litres  of 
milk  from  sixty-three  cows. 

At  Aas  (Norway),  32.75  litres  are  required. 

Loepen,  at  Menzlin,  produced  from  October  to  February,  from  49,616  litres 
of  milk.  1,916  kilograms  of  newly  churned  butter,  or  1,782  kilograms  on  deliv- 
ery; so  25.5  litres,  or  on  delivery  27.8  litres  of  milk  were  required. 

At  the  farm  Lillyrup,  Jutland  (Jutland  cows  are  often  very  small,  valuable 


58 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


and  hardy),  29.94  litres  of  milk  were  required  for  one  kilogram  of  new  butter, 
or  30.97  litres  for  one  kilogram  on  delivery. 

Van  Sanson,  at  Kemsta  (Livonia),  who  has  Angler  and  crossed  Angler  cows 
(90) ,  and  who  uses  Schwartz  method,  made  4,013  kilograms  of  butter  from  149,158 
litres  of  milk;  so  he  needed  37  litres  of  milk  for  one  kilogram  of  butter. 

A  cheese-making  society  at  Obervellach  (Steirermark),  made  from  June  to 
October,  1875,  on  the  Alps  (no  doubt  one  of  the  breeds  of  Swiss  cattle,  all  of 
which  are  regarded  as  rich  milkers),  588  kilograms  of  butter  from  18,614  litres 
of  milk  (31.17  for  one  kilogram  of  butter);  and  from  October  1,  1875,  to  May, 
1876,  903  kilograms  of  butter  from  37,343  litres  of  milk  (41.35  litres  for  one  kilo- 
gram of  butter) . 

A  dairy  society  in  Tyrol  (this  is  also  one  of  the  Alpine  districts)  made  1,018 
kilograms  of  butter  from  34,066  litres  of  milk,  after  Schwartz'  method.  They 
required  33.46  litres  for  one  kilogram  of  butter. 

At  Golmas,  near  Dutte-Bull,  83,170  litres  of  milk  of  thirty-seven  Angler 
cows  were  churned,  and  from  this  quantity  they  obtained  2,954  kilograms  of 
new  butter,  or  2,867  kilograms  on  delivery. 

The  Dairy  Society  at  Zenten  (Prussia)  used,  from  December  1,  1876,  to  Oct- 
ober 1,  1877,  1,007,788  kilograms  of  milk;  and  for  one  kilogram  of  butter  they 
required  32.4  kilograms  of  milk,  or  31.45  litres.  From  October  1,  1879,  to  Sept- 
ember 30, 1880,  they  made  68,420.5  kilograms  of  butter  on  delivery,  32.7  kilograms 
of  milk,  or  one  kilogram  of  new  butter  from  33.6  kilograms,  or  32.62  litres  of 
milk,  and  one  kilogram  of  butter  on  delivery  from  34.4  kilograms,  or  33.4  litres 
of  milk. 

P.  Meheust,  in  Brittany  (cattle  of  small  size  belonging  to  the  same  race  as 
the  Jerseys),  makes  9,407  kilograms  of  butter  from  222,862  litres  of  milk;  i.  e. 
one  kilogram  from  23.7  litres. 

These  results  show  clearly  enough  that  the  milk  of  Dutch  cows  is  in  no 
way  inferior  to  that  of  other  breeds,  with  regard  to  the  produce  of  butter.  It 
is  remarkable  that  of  several  of  these  reports  the  produce  of  butter  is  given 
twice — weighed  a  short  time  after  it  is  churned,  and  then  when  it  is  delivered. 
It  is  not  necessary  to  say  that  only  the  latter  report  may  be  reckoned,  and  it  is 
most  probable  that  some  accounts  refer  to  newly  churned  butter,  for  which 
reason  the  quality  of  milk  must,  of  course,  be  augmented. 

Giving  the  accounts  of  my  produce  of  cheese,  I  stated  that  in  cool  weather 
milk  contains  more  caseine  than  in  warm  weather.  A  very  remarkable  list  has 
been  given  by  Dr.  Fleishman  for  the  produce  of  butter,  stating  the  same.  Until 
the  18th  of  October  it  was  very  warm,  and  after  that  day  it  grew  cool,  with  an 
east  wind.  The  produce  of  butter  was  as  follows : 

.37.93  kils.  of  milk  were  required  for  1  kil.  of  butter. 
.37.85  '  .    1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

I  have  reckoned  for  1,000  litres  of  milk  a  weight  of  1,030  kilograms,  which 
is,  perhaps,  a  little  too  much,  but  will  not  be  far  from  the  truth. 

Before  concluding,  I  think  it  remarkable  enough  to  mention  an  essay  in 
the  Agricultural  Review  ( Tyetschrift  voor  Landbouwkunde} ,  from  the  pen  of 
Mr.  Brockema,  teacher  at  Wageningen. 

This  essay  has  in  view  to  show  the  necessity  of  milking  the  cows  quite 
dry.  The  following  list  clearly  proves  of  how  much  importance  this  is,  and 
shows  the  considerable  quantity  of  butter  to  be  found  in  the  last  milk  drawn 
from  the  udder,  compared  with  the  butter  of  the  first  milk.  The  figures  in  the 
first  column  refer  to  the  subsequent  quantities,  p.  1  being  the  first,  and  p.  5 
being  the  last  milk. 


>Ct.   10. 

4      12. 
14. 
15. 
16. 
18. 
20. 
21. 

.37.93 
.37.85 
.35.59 
.36.50 
.35.76 
.3108 
.31.92 
.32.60 

Page. 


Quantity  in 
litres. 


Specific  weight  of  the  milk 
(15  per  cent). 


Cream. 


I* 

y* 


1.034 
1.032 


8  per  cent. 

15       " 
18       " 


j.  VAN  DER  BREGGEN'S  STATISTICS. 


59 


This  list  clearly  proves  how  disadvantageous  it  is  if  we  do  not  quite  milk 
out  our  cows,  the  last  milk  producing  four  times  as  much  cream  as  the  first. 
The  column  for  the  specific  weight,  too,  is  very  remarkable,  because  we  see 
from  it  that  the  first  milk  is  the  heaviest,  and  the  last  the  lightest.  The  last  is 
even  so  light,  by  the  large  quantity  of  fat,  that  in  some  places  this  milk  would 
be  considered  as  mixed  with  water,  for  it  is  known  that  there  are  towns  where 
the  milk  of  a  specific  weight  less  than  1.028  is  rejected.  It  is,  therefore,  advis- 
able not  only  to  judge  the  milk  at  that  weight,  but  also  to  take  the  quantity  of 
fat  into  consideration.  I  think  the  great  specific  weight  of  the  first  milk  is 
caused  by  its  richness  in  caseine,  while  the  last  is,  most  probably,  poor  in  this 
respect. 

Arrived  at  the  end  of  the  task  I  laid  upon  myself,  I  may  have  given  little 
that  is  unknown  to  our  agriculturists  (all  statistics  having  been  taken  from 
reviews),  yet  I  hope  to  have  contributed  a  little  to  attack  the  prejudice  by 
which  the  reputation  of  our  stock  is  injured. 


CHAPTER  IX. 

ACCLIMATION — FLEXIBILITY. 

Undoubtedly  every  breed  of  cattle  has  its  special  adaptations  and  its 
special  field  in  which  it  is  most  profitable.  There  is  no  other  breed,  however, 
that  has  such  an  extensive  territory  in  which  it  is,  or  may  be,  especially 
profitable  as  the  Holstein-Friesian.  This  is  shown  by  the  spread  and  distribution 
of  breeds  in  Europe  where  there  has  been  no  artificial  barriers  against  the 
spread  of  breeds  and  no  artificial  attempts  to  stimulate  distribution.  The 
Ayrshire  breed  is  scarcely  known  outside  the  British  Islands  where  it 
originated,  the  Guernsey  and  the  Jersey  breeds  are  not  found  to  any  extent  on 
the  continent  although  the  island  of  Jersey  lies  in  sight  of  the  shore,  and  the 
Shorthorn  breed  is  limited  to  a  few  localities  in  Belgium.  France,  Germany  and 
perhaps  some  other  states  where  it  has  been  introduced  by  the  government  or 
the  nobility  to  test  it.  On  the  other  hand  the  Holstein-Friesian  breed,  with  its 
offshoots  under  different  names,  is  found  everywhere  the  prevailing  breed  in 


CASTINE,  No.  3795  H.  H.  B. 

Milk  record,  74  Ibs.  8  oz.  in  one  day;  2,898  Ibs.  in  thirty  days.    Butter  record,  21  Ibs.  in  seven  days 
as  three-year-old;  93  Ibs.  10  oz.  in  thirty  days  as  four -year-old. 


60  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

the  rich  lowlands  of  France,  Belgium,  Holland  and  the  western  provinces  of 
Germany.  It  has  not  become  established  in  Great  Britain,  nor  has  it  invaded 
the  island  of  Jersey  or  of  Guernsey,  for  the  simple  reason  that  laws  have 
existed  for  many  years  against  importations  for  breeding  purposes  from  the 
continent.  In  Jersey  and  Guernsey  such  laws  have  been  rigidly  enforced  for  a 
hundred  years  or  more.  While  on  the  other  hand  no  laws  have  ever  existed  to 
prevent  the  unlimited  importation  of  Jersey  and  Guernsey  cattle  or  of  any 
other  breed  to  the  continent.  We  refer  to  these  facts  simply  for  the  purpose 
of  saying  that  the  same  natural  laws  in  relation  to  soils,  climates  and  markets 
exist  in  this  country  that  govern  in  Europe,  and  if  left  to  work  out  the  fate  of 
breeds  of  cattle  in  this  country  without  artificial  influences  and  barriers  the 
results  must  eventually  be  the  same. 

Coleinan's  Rural  World  of  St.  Louis,  Mp.,  in  April,  1886,  states:  "The  Hol- 
stein-Friesian  cattle  have  found  one  of  their  best  homes  in  Texas  and  Mexico. 
The  Texas  people  are  especially  clamorous  for  them.  So  well  are  they  pleased 
with  the  manner  in  which  they  run  the  gauntlet  of  the  acclimating  fever,  and 
supply  them  with  big  pails  of  milk,  that  they  cannot  get  enough  of  them.  They 
make  a  splendid  cross  on  the  native  cows  and  in  a  few  years  their  grades  will 
be  found  there  by  thousands." 
No  imported  stock  has  been  found  to  do  so  well  in  southern  Texas. 

Mr.  Harwood  of  Gonzales,  Texas,  reports  that  he  imported  Holstein-Friesian 
cattle  from  Lakeside  Herd,  Syracuse,  in  1884,  and  that  they  passed  the  hot  sea- 
son without  any  appearance  of  fever.  "Similar  reports,"  says  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  Register  of  August  1,  1886,  "  have  reached  us  from  South  Carolina, 
Georgia,  Mississippi  and  California.  Our  breeders  in  the  North  are  making 
continued  shipments  southward  and  have  favorable  reports  from  all  quarters. 
It  is  safe  to  assert  that  among  the  many  desirable  qualities  of  the  Holstein,  not 
the  least  is  its  hardy  nature  and  easy  adaptability  to  every  climate." 

A  Mississippi  correspondent  of  the  Live  Stock  Journal  wrote,  November 
15,  1886: 

Shorthorns  were  our  first  experiment,  but  they  could  not  be  acclimated  south 
of  35  degrees  of  parallel  of  latitude,  even  when  brought  from  Kentucky  and 
Tennessee,  just  a  few  degrees  north  of  the  line.  Of  the  hundred  of  various 
ages  that  have  been  introduced,  it  would  be  almost  impossible  to  find  a  thorough- 
bred animal  to-day  in  our  section  or  south  of  us.  We  don't  like  Herefords 
because  they  are  not  milk  producers  ;  for  beef  they  are  splendid,  and  do  well 
among  the  granaries  of  the  middle  states,  and  owing  to  their  superior  qualities 
as  "mottlers"  they  give  satisfaction  on  the  prairies  of  the  West,  from  the  warm 
climate  of  the  Rio  Grande  to  the  Platte  on  the  north.  For  Dakota,  Wyoming 
and  Minnesota,  we  think,  the  cold-blooded,  coarse,  shaggy  Galloway  of  North 
Scotland  is  peculiarly  adapted. 

But  for  the  South  we  want  an  all-purpose  animal,  beef,  butter,  milk  and 
cheese ;  animals  that  are  docile  and  hardy,  and  in  our  opinion  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  is  the  breed.  No  other  cattle  are  as  easily  acclimated,  unless  perhaps 
it  is  the  Jersey.  Introduce  a  Holstein  under  one  year  old  and  he  will  stand  the 
climate  of  even  Florida  and  Louisiana  without  a  day's  sickness.  Old  cattle 
occasionally  die,  but  the  percentage  is  indeed  small,  especially  if  treated  a  few 
days  with  aconite  and  quinine.  The  more  we  see  this  grand  breed  the  more  we 
like  them,  and  we  predict  the  day  is  not  far  distant  when  they  will  be  decided 
the  cattle  for  the  farms  and  plantations,  and  of  the  entire  South. 

A  correspondent  of  the  Reporter,  Holly  Springs,  Miss.,  writing  in  1887,  said: 
"It  is  only  about  two  years  since  the  first  Holstein  cow  was  introduced  into 
our  county.  .  .  .  Their  adaptability  to  our  section  has  been  proven  beyond 
question." 

The  well-known  breeder,  S.  N.  Wright,  of  Elgin,  111.,  writing  in  1888  on  this 
subject,  said:  "I  have  had  some  little  experience  in  sending  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  cattle  south,  as  far  as  Leon,  Old  Mexico,  also  near  the  city  of  Mexico. 
In  the  fall  of  1886  a  man  from  Leon  came  to  my  place,  after  examining  different 
herds  and  breeds  of  cattle,  concluded  to  place  his  order  with  me  for  a  carload 
of  Holstein-Friesian  cattle  both  grades,  and  I  shipped  him  seventeen  head  on  the 
25th  of  December.  In  due  time  they  arrived  at  their  new  home,  all  right  and 
in  fine  condition.  In  1887,  the  following  spring,  he  sent  me  another  order  for 
twenty  head,  stating  that  the  first  lot  had  done  so  well  and  he  was  so  well 
pleased  with  them,  that  he  wanted  more.  On  the  23d  of  June  I  shipped  him 
another  carload.  They  arrived  at  their  destination  about  the  10th  of  July  in 


ACCLIMATION— FLEXIBILITY.  61 

good  shape;  they  too  have  done  well,  not  one  single  animal  has  been  reported 
to  me  as  having  died  from  the  effects  of  the  climate." 

Mr.  S.  B.  Howard,  of  Bonham,  Texas,  writes:  "I  bought,  in  1887,  a  small 
herd  from  B.  B.  Lord  &  Son,  of  New  York,  and  at  the  same  time  Mr.  Lord 
shipped  a  few  head  for  me  to  sell,  numbering  in  all  twenty-four  head.  Have 
not  lost  one  in  acclimation  nor  has  one  failed  to  thrive.  I  also  shipped,  last 
March,  one  year  ago,  two  bulls  which  were  bred  to  common  Texas  grade 
Shorthorns,  grade  Jerseys  and  full-blood  Shorthorns,  ninety-six  cows  in  all. 

"The  calves  dropped  by  these  cows  from  the  Holsteins  give  better  satisfac- 
tion, so  far,  than  from  any  other  breed  that  was  ever  shipped  to  this  state.  I 
have  a  three-year-old  cow,  Sir  Archibald's  Orphe,  No.  2603,  H.  F.  H.  B.,  that 
commenced  her  milk  record  March  27;  her  largest  day's  yield  is  66  Ibs.;  her 
yield  for  thirty  days  is  1,824^  Ibs.  This  is  on  dry  feed,  Texas  prarie  hay,  cotton 
seed,  bran,  corn  and  oats  ground  together." 

Mr.  Jos.  E.  Miller,  Belleville,  111.,  writes:  "I  have  perhaps  shipped  as 
many  cattle  south  as  any  other  western  breeder,  and  my  shipments  have 
been'  scattered  all  the  way  from  Georgia  to  the  Rio  Grande,  not  to  speak 
of  Mexico,  as  cattle  run  no  risk  in  acclimating  on  the  highlands  of  that 
country.  The  bulk  of  my  shipments  however  have  been  to  Texas.  Have 
also  traveled  considerably  in  that  state,  and  met  with  many  experienced  cattle- 
men, and  also  dealers  who  handle  all  breeds,  and  there  seems  to  be  a  general 
unanimity  of  opinion  that  the  Holsteins  acclimate  there  with  less  risk  than 
any  other  breed  ever  brought  there.  I  have  sent  many  there  that  did  not  take  the 
fever  at  all.  In  taking  young  animals  and  at  the  proper  time  of  the  year, 
the  risk  is  very  slight  indeed.  To  illustrate  the  faith  that  is  in  me,  I  will  take 
down  one  or  two  carloads  of  young  things  next  fall  to  acclimate  at  my  own 
risk.  Of  young  animals,  have  so  far,  as  far  as  I  have  been  able  to  learn,  lost 
only  three  head,  and  some  of  them,  as  I  have  been  told,  more  through  the  care- 
lessness of  the  owners  than  from  any  other  cause.  Last  fall  I  shipped  for 
another  party,  thirteen  head  of  Jerseys  to  Arkansas,  nine  of  which  succumbed 
to  the  climate  in  a  very  short  time," 

Mr.  R.  Howes  Crump,  of  Masonville,  Ont.,  in  address  before  the  Canadian 
Holstein-Friesian  Assn.,  delivered  February  23,  1892,  said:  "The  Holsteins 
thrive  as  well  and  furnish  equal  milk  records  in  Canada  as  they  do  in  Holland." 


CHAPTER  X. 

AS  A  BUTTER  BREED — FRIESLAND'S  PRODUCTION — AMERICAN  EXPERIENCES:  WELLS, 
DUDLEY,  YEOMANS,  WALES,  SMITHS  &  POWELL  CO.,  POWELL  BROS.,  M.  E. 
MOORE,  DUTCHER,  W.  S.  MORSE,  G1LLETT  &  PON— CLOTHILDE  2D — PARTHE- 
NEA's  RECORD — NATSEY — SMITHS  &  POWELL'S  HEIFERS — PAULINE  PAUL — IOWA 
STATION — SMITHS  &  POWELL. 

A  butter  breed,  according  to  the  views  of  our  Jersey  friends,  necessarily 
gives  a  small  quantity  of  milk.  According  to  common  sense  views  it  is  a  breed 
that  produces  a  large  quantity  of  butter.  A  Jersey  cow  gives  15  Ibs.  of  milk 
from  which  one  pound  of  butter  is  made,  at  the  same  time  a  Holstein-Friesian 
cow  gives  50  Ibs.  of  milk  from  which  two  pounds  of  equally  good  butter  is  made. 
Which  is  entitled  to  the  pre-eminence  of  being  called  a  butter  cow  ?  Common 
sense  would  decide  that  it  is  the  latter.  A  Jersey  breeder  would  lead  one  to 
infer  that  butter  is  not  made  to  any  great  extent  in  Holland  from  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  breed  of  cattle.  It  is  an  impression  that  many  of  our  journals  under 
the  dictation  of  Jersey  breeders  have  labored  to  inculcate,  and  many  honest 
men  have  obtained.  We  do  not  have  statistics  of  the  total  production  of  butter 
in  Holland,  but  we  have  of  the  amount  of  Holland  butter  imported  into  Great 
Britain. 

In  1884,  124,924,128  Ibs.  of  butter  from  Holland  was  received  at  British 
ports;  from  all  other  countries,  including  France  at  57,126,008  Ibs.,  Denmark  at 
37,527,504  Ibs.,  Germany  at  16,177,288  Ibs.,  Sweden  at  11,404,064  Ibs.,  United 
States  at  11,231,472  Ibs.,  there  was  received  152,325,028  Ibs.  In  1874  the  province 
of  Friesland,  where  our  breed  of  cattle  are  exclusively  used,  exported  29,796,- 
592  Ibs.  of  butter,  which  was  23,782  Ibs.  to  every  square  mile  of  that  province 


62  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

including  lands  occupied  by  lakes,  canals,  rivers,  cities,  marshes,  as  well  as  that 
cultivated  for  other  than  grass  crops. 

The  number  of  square  miles  included  within  the  bounds  of  Friesland  is 
1253.  Probably  not  over  half  of  its  territory  is  in  grass.  Large  quantities  of 
cheese  are  also  made,  and  great  numbers  of  young  cattle  are  raised  for  export. 
In  view  of  these  facts  the  record  seems  more  marvelous  than  any  produced  in 
this  country.  It  is  a  record  of  thousands  of  cows  kept  under  ordinary  condi- 
tions. We  challenge  the  friends  of  any  other  breed  to  bring  forward  a  record 
of  their  cattle  that  approaches  it. 

In  1884  the  Channel  Islands,  where  the  Jersey  and  Guernsey  breeds  are 
exclusively  kept,  exported  100,464  Ibs.,  or  1,647  Ibs.  to  every  square  mile.  A 
perusal  of  these  figures  may  enlighten  those  that  have  obtained  the  impression 
that  the  Holstein-Friesian  is  not  a  butter  breeed.  The  facts  are  that  the 
Holstein-Friesian  breed  has  been  producing  for  generations  more  butter  than 
any  other  breed  in  the  world,  more  per  cow,  more  per  acre  of  land  occupied  and 
more  in  the  aggregate.  We  have  no  statistics  as  to  the  number  of  cows  either 
in  Jersey  or  in  Friesland  in  the  years  named.  But  the  number  varies  but  little 
from  year  to  year.  In  1879  Friesland  had  144,802  cows.  If  the  same  number 
were  kept  in  1874  the  average  export  per  cow  to  England  was  205f  Ibs.  [Not  a 
pound  of  oleomargarine  was  made  in  Friesland  in  1874.] 

The  dairy  is  the  great  farming  interest  in  Holland,  and  hence  the  conclu- 
sion that  its  dairymen  have  sought  for  the  best  possible  dairy  breed  during  the 
more  than  five  hundred  years  that  it  has  been  the  greatest  butter  and  cheese 
producing  country  of  the  world. 

There  is  not  a  reasonable  doubt  that  the  Holstein-Friesian  is  the  foremost 
butter  breed  in  the  world.  A  single  herd  in  this  country  has  100  cows  that 
average  19  Ibs.  of  butter  in  seven  consecutive  days;  another  herd  has  32  cows 
that  average  19|-  Ibs.,  another  has  20  cows  that  average  over  21  Ibs.,  and  so  we 
might  continue  the  list,  showing  their  enormous  production  by  herds. . 

In  our  opinion  the  proportion  of  territory  applied  to  butter  production  is  not 
much  if  any  larger  in  Friesland  than  in  Jersey,  and  yet  the  proportion  of  export 
per  square  mile  is  as  14^  to  1.  We  have  no  data  by  which  to  determine  the 
home  consumption  in  these  countries.  But  we  know  that  the  Friesian  people 
are  great  butter  consumers,  eating  melted  butter  almost  exclusively  for  gravies 
as  well  as  eating  butter  in  the  form  in  which  it  is  consumed  in  Jersey  and  in  this 
country. 

The  truth  is  that  the  Jersey  was  never  bred  as  a  great  butter  producing 
breed  until  after  it  was  introduced  in  America.  We  do  not  say  this  to  detract 
from  the  Jerseys.  But  in  such  a  discussion  the  facts  must  be  given.  They  were 
bred  for  a  lawn  cow.  The  color  and  style  and  everything  about  them  was  bred 
to  meet  the  tastes  of  the  English  aristocracy  for  a  deer-like  appearing  cow  upon 
the  green  lawns  that  surround  their  mansions.  On  the  other  hand  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  cow  has  been  bred  for  untold  generations  as  a  dairy  cow,  a  butter 
producing  breed.  And  further,  this  breed  is  and  has  been  par  excellence  the 
butter  breed  of  Europe  throughout  these  generations. 

There  are  many  most  valuable  and  interesting  records  of  tests  of  Holstein- 
Friesian  cows  in  'existence.  From  a  large  number  of  these  we  present  a 
selection  which  well  demonstrates  the  abilities  of  the  breed  as  butter  producers. 
Great  care  has  been  exercised  to  chronicle  only  those  tests  which  are  absolutely 
reliable,  and  which  have  been  most  carefully  conducted,  and  can  at  any  time 
be  verified  by  many  witnesses. 

The  first  butter  record  of  a  Holstein-Friesian,  of  which  we  have  any  knowl- 
edge, was  made  in  New  York  Mills,  N.  Y.,  by  Mr.  Solomon  Hoxie,  then  secre- 
tary of  the  Dutch-Friesian  Association.  He  tested  one  of  his  cows,  using  the 
old-fashioned  four-quart  pans  and  a  small  stone  churn,  churning  each  day's 
cream  by  itself.  We  doubt  not  that  a  large  per  cent  of  fat  was  left  in  the 
buttermilk.  The  test  was  made  with  considerable  misgiving  as  to  the  result, 
and  rather  sub  rosa,  but  the  writer  was  permitted  to  know  the  facts,  which 
were  to  be  used  if  favorable,  but  never  made  public  if  unfavorable.  He  thinks 
he  betrays  no  confidence  now.  The  record  began  March  6,  1881,  and  continued 
for  twenty-eight  days,  with  the  following  result : 

Lbs.   Oz. 
Milk  of  28  days,  .  ....        1757       8 


Average  per  day, 
Butter  of  28  days, 
Seven  days'  yield, 
Average  per  day. 
Milk  for  pound  of  butter, 


62  12 
73  1 
18  1 

2.61 
24 


I 


64 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


This  was  not  a  big,  but  a  fair,  record,  and  showed  the  cow  Sjoerd  to  be  val- 
uable as  a  butter  producer.  The  record  was  afterward  published,  with  this 
comment :  "  It  is  true  that  individuals  of  breeds  may  be  better  or  worse  than 
the  average,  but  we  have  no  reason  to  think  that  Sjoerd  is  either.  We  believe 
she  is  a  fair  average."  Since  that  date,  selecting,  breeding,  and  testing  for 
butter  has  received  a  very  strong  impetus  ;  and  it  is  not  strange  that  better 
Holstein-Friesian  Dutter  cows  have  come  to  the  front. 

Messrs.  Wells  &  Sons  of  Wethersfield,  Conn.,  write  :  "Below  we  give  you 
the  average  record  of  butter  made  by  fourteen  of  our  herd  for  the  past  year 
1882. 

"We  have  milked  and  set  in  creamers,  the  past  season,  the  milk  from  two 
two-year-old,  nine  three-year-old,  and  three  six-year-old  Holstein-Friesian 
cows.  We  have  just  footed  up  the  number  of  spaces  sent  to  the  creamery  and 
the  number  of  spaces  it  took  each  month  to  make  a  pound  of  butter,  and  find 
they  have  made  in  all  5649  Ibs.  of  butter,  equivalent  to  403  8-16  Ibs.  for  each 
cow. 

"These  cows  dropped  their  calves  in  the  months  of  January,  February, 
March  and  April.  They  were  milked  on  the  average  270  days,  many  of  them 
being  due  to  drop  their  next  calves  inside  of  eleven  months  from  their  last. 

"The  cows  were  fed  after  dropping  their  calves  till  put  in  pasture  daily  all 
the  good  hay  they  would  eat,  and  in  addition  one-half  bushel  of  mangel  wurt- 
zel,  four  quarts  wheat  bran,  two  quarts  corn  meal,  and  two  quarts  cotton  seed 
meal  mixed. 

"When  put  in  pasture  they  were  fed  (owing  to  short  pasturing)  hay  morn- 
ing and  night  with  four  quarts  of  meal  and  bran  mixed. 

"This  herd  was  not  fed  with  any  expectation  of  reporting  a  butter  record." 

All  conversant  with  the  subject  will  concede  that  300  Ibs.  of  butter  from  a 
mature  cow  in  a  year  is  unusually  large,  even  from  butter-bred  cows. 

When  we  consider  that  Messrs.  Wells  &  Sons'  herd  included  two-year-olds, 
and  that  the  entire  lot  averaged  but  a  little  over  three  years  old,  and  that  their 
average  product  of  butter  per  cow  per  year  was  403£  Ibs.,  we  are  compelled  to 
say  that  the  Messrs.  Wells'  Holsteins  are  far  above  the  herds  of  specially  bred 
butter  cows. 

In  1891  Messrs.  Wells  further  reported  the  butter  yield  of  their  herd  as 
follows:  "  We  give  below  the  records  made  in  our  herd,  and  all  but  three  have 
been  made  since  January  1,  1887.  In  our  butter  tests  the  butter  is  thoroughly 
washed  with  water  in  a  churn,  then  taken  out  and  well  worked  over  with  one 
ounce  of  salt  to  the  pound  and  then  made  into  one  solid  mass  and  weighed. 

"  Four  of  these  heifers,  classed  as  three  years  old,  were  nearly  four  when 
making  this  record.  As  thirteen  of  these  cows  did  not  average  more  than 
three  years  and  eight  months  in  age,  we  think  this  is  a  very  handsome  butter 
showing  for  our  herd.  It  took  on  the  average  a  fraction  over  22  Ibs.  of 
milk  for  one  pound  of  butter. 


cow 

3. 

LBS. 

oz. 

DAYS. 

Sieberen, 

4  years 

14 

8 

- 

Proserpine,  . 

.        6       " 

17 

10 

7 

Janna, 

6       " 

19 

7 

7 

Jaapje, 

18  months 

45 

8 

30 

Jaapje, 
Sieberen  3d, 

3  years 
4 

19 

17 

8 

Kashman,     . 

8       " 

19 

9 

7 

Kashman,     . 

3       " 

165 

9 

60 

Kooy, 

3       " 

18 

5 

7 

Lady  Social, 

3       " 

1? 

10 

7 

Mame  Stone, 

3       " 

17 

8 

Lovicin, 

3 

17 

8 

7 

Pantie, 

2 

16 

7 

7 

Hubbard,      . 

3        ' 

14 

6 

7 

Cotter,  just, 

3 

14 

7 

Lady  Pansy, 
Sal  Watson, 

3 
3 

14 
10 

8 
8 

7 

"Considering  that  we  have  but  twenty  breeding  animals  in  all,  and  four  of 
them  have  not  been  tested  yet,  but  we  know  they  will  do  fairly  well,  we  think 
we  may  justly  claim  our  herd  as  among  the  best  butter  herds  in  this  country." 


DUDLEY,   YEOMANS,    WALES  AND  SMITHS   &  POWELL  CO.  RECORDS.  65 

Hon.  N.  B.  Dudley,  Oakville,  Ky.,  writes  under  date  of  July  6,  1887:  "My 
Holstein-Friesian  cow  Nymph,  No.  2844,  Vol.  VI,  has  averaged  for  two  months, 
during  the  flush  of  the  milk  flow,  80  Ibs.  of  milk  per  day,  and  has  made  18  IDS. 
of  unsalted  butter  per  week.  She  is  five  years  old;  had  good  pasture  to  run  in 
both  day  and  night.  She  was  milked  three  times  every  day,  and  had  for  a 
twenty-four  hours'  ration  12  Ibs.  of  ground  food,  being  equal  parts  of  oats, 
corn,  meal,  wheat  bran  and  N.  P.  oil  cake  meal  fed  dry." 

The  Holstein-Friesian  herd  of  Messrs.  T.  G.  Yeomans  &  Sons,  in  May,  1888, 
included  five  cows  that  averaged  23  Ibs.  7  oz.,  twelve  cows  that  averaged  21  Ibs. 
6|  oz.,  and  twenty-nine  cows  (nine  two-year-olds)  that  averaged  17  Ibs.  7|-  oz. 
well-worked  unsalted  butter  in  a  week.  To  this  herd  belongs  Aaggie  2d,~that 
has  made  a  butter  record  of  11  Ibs.  12  oz.  in  three  days,  15  Ibs.  6  oz.  in  four 
days,  26  Ibs.  7  oz.  in  seven  days,  105  Ibs.  10^  oz.  in  thirty  days,  207  Ibs.  3.V  oz.  in 
sixty  days,  and  304  Ibs.  5|  oz.  in  ninety  days.  Aaggie  2d's  milk  record  is  20,763 
Ibs.  3  oz.  in  one  year. 

The  herd  of  Thos.  B.  Wales,  then  secretary  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Asso- 
ciation, had  to  its  credit  twenty  cows  that  have  averaged  20  Ibs.  6T8T  oz.  of 
butter  in  seven  days.  This  noted  herd  was  headed  by  Mercedes  Prince,  whose 
six  daughters  at  the  average  age  of  twenty-six  months  and  ten  days,  averaged 
16  Ibs.  5  oz.  of  butter  in  a  week.  The  six  averaged  a  pound  of  butter  from 
16.32  Ibs.  of  milk.  The  dam  of  the  bull  was  Mercedes,  that  won  the  butter 
championship  of  the  world  with  her  butter  record  of  99  Ibs.  64  oz.  in  thirty 
days.  His  grandatn  Lady  Walworth's  record  is  19  Ibs.  in  seven  days.  Tri- 
tomia  is  another  famous  butter  cow  of  this  herd  that  made  a  four-year-old  butter 
record  of  25  Ibs.  8i  oz.  in  seven  days.  Among  the  first  honors  awarded  her  in 
competition  with  all  others  was  at  the  Minnesota  State  Fair  in  1886;  and  in 
1887  at  the  American  Fat  Stock  and  Dairy  Show  in  Chicago  her  butter  was 
awarded  sweepstakes  prize  over  all  others,  and  scored  higher  than  any  other 
butter  in  the  show. 

Among  other  noted  Holstein-Friesian  herds  of  butter  cows  is  that  of  Messrs. 
Smiths  &  Powell  Co.,  with  two  cows  that  have  records  of  over  100  pounds  of 
butter  in  thirty  days,  viz.:  Aegis,  100  Ibs.  6  oz.,  and  Albino  2d,  106  Ibs.  14  oz. 
— made  in  her  three-year-old  form.  Her  seven-day  record  was  25  Ibs.  14f 
oz.,  an  average  of  a  pound  of  butter  to  18.69  Ibs.  of  milk.  As  a  two-year-old 
this  heifer  exceeded  the  greatest  milk  record  for  one  year  with  her  record  of 
18,484  Ibs.  13  oz.  The  great  Clothilde,  that  led  the  world's  annual  milk  record 
with  26,021  Ibs.  2  oz.  in  one  year  at  the  New  York  Dairy  Show  in  May,  1887, 
won  first  honor  as  a  butter  cow,  defeating  all  competitors,  including  Jerseys 
and  Guernseys,  with  2  Ibs.  74-  oz.  in  twenty-four  hours,  her  daughter,  Clothilde 
4th,  making  the  next  highest  record  with  2  Ibs.  £  oz.  Clothilde's  record  for 
seven  days  is  28  Ibs.  2£  oz.,  and  Clothilde  4th's  at  three  years,  23  Ibs.  10£  oz., 
averaging  a  pound  of  butter  to  18.44  Ibs.  of  milk.  Aegis  2d's  butter  record  for 
thirty  days  is  96  Ibs.  5±  oz.,  and  Netherland  Dorinda's  96  Ibs.  2£  oz.  Nine  cows 
in  the  herd  have  records  for  thirty  days  of  over  90  Ibs.  and  average  over  95  Ibs. 
The  following  average  butter  records  for  a  week  have  been  made  in  the  same 
herd :  Fifteen  cows  averaged  24  Ibs.  {4  oz. ;  twenty-four  cows  averaged  23  Ibs. ; 
thirty-five  cows  averaged  22  Ibs.  1  oz.;  forty-seven  cows  averaged  21  Ibs.  ££  oz.; 
sixty-two  cows  averaged  20  Ibs.  ff  oz.,and  100  cows  averaged  18  Ibs.  -fifc  oz. 
These  records  include  those  made  by  heifers. 

Prof.  Alvord,  after  having  tested  the  milk  record  of  Clothilde  said,  regard- 
ing this  herd  and  its  management :  "Everything  convinces  me  that  there  was 
no  improper  practice  or  deceit,  but  that  all  the  conduct  of  the  Lakeside  herd 
was  accurate  and  honorable,  and  the  records  thoroughly  reliable." 

The  record  of  Powell  Bros,  great  cow  is  thus  reported:  "  Shadeland  Boon, 
8887,  from  June  6,  to  July  6,  1888,  inclusive,  thirty-one  days,  produced  125  Ibs. 
12  oz.  of  unsalted  butter.  This  butter  was  made  from  1,772  1-2  Ibs.  of  milk, 
which  she  gave  during  that  period.  For  this  remarkable  record  it  took  only 
14.09  Ibs.  of  milk  for  a  pound  of  butter.  The  average  for  the  whole  time  was 
over  four  pounds  per  day.  For  seven  consecutive  days  she  produced  31  Ibs.  15 
1-2  oz.,  or  an  average  of  4  Ibs.  9  1-4  oz.  per  day  ;  and  during  that  week  she  gave 
400  1-4  Ibs.  of  milk,  and  it  took  only  12.51  Ibs.  of  milk  for  a  pound  of  butter  ;  and 
for  four  consecutive  days  her  milk  made  19  Ibs.  1  oz.  of  butter,  and  it  lacked  only 
3  3-4  oz.  per  day  of  making  5  Ibs.  per  day  for  that  time.  The  19  Ibs.  1  oz.  of 
butter  were  made  from  219  Ibs.  of  milk,  which  shows  that  it  took  only  11.18  Ibs. 
of  milk  for  a  pound  of  butter,  while  for  two  days  she  lacked  only  2  oz.  of 


66 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


butter  per  day  of  averaging  5  Ibs.  for  each  day.  The  above  remarkable  record 
would  have  been  beaten  by  several  pounds  had  it  not  been  for  the  fact  that 
twice  within  the  time  mentioned  the  cow  was  not  in  first-class  condition.  In 
one  case  she  fell  off  about  two  pounds  of  butter  per  day.  Another  that 
worked  against  this  cow's  record  was  the  fact  that  her  milk  was  taken  several 
miles  to  the  Albion  Creamery,  where  the  cream  was  separated  and  churned  and 
the  butter  weighed.  Messrs.  Powell  Bros,  so  well  knew  that  they  had  a  won- 
derful cow  in  Shadeland  Boon  before  the  test  was  made,  that  they  issued  a 
general  invitation  for  any  one  to  see  her  milked  and  the  milk  weighed  and  put 
under  lock  and  key,  when  it  was  sent  to  the  creamery,  where  it  was  separated 
and  churned  by  itself.  The  milking,  transporting,  separating,  churning,  work- 
ing and  weighing  of  the  milk  and  butter  respectively  were  wholly  done  by 
disinterested  and  responsible  persons  who  stand  ready  to  make  affidavit  to  all 
of  the  facts." 

M.  E.  Moore  of  Cameron,  Mo.,  in  February,  1889,  reported  at  that  date  the 
best  showing  for  one  week  of  any  Holstein-Friesian  cow.  He  had  just  completed 
a  butter  test  with  Gerben  4th.  She  calved  October  31,  1888,  and  commenced 
the  test  under  favorable  circumstances,  cow  in  good  condition,  weather  fine. 


DATE. 

MILK. 

BUTTER. 

Dec.  81,  1888  
Jan.    1,  1889.    . 

72  Ibs.    3oz. 
75  Ibs.  12  oz. 

4  Ibs.    6  oz. 
4  Ibs.    5  oz. 

'       2               . 
'       3               .        . 
4                .        . 
5                . 
'       6               .        . 

75  Ibs.    1  oz. 
.  76  Ibs.  11  oz. 
75  Ibs.    4  oz. 
77  Ibs.  14  oz. 
74  )bs.  12  oz. 

4  Ibs.  15  oz. 
4  Ibs.  15  oz. 
4  Ibs.    9oz. 
4  Ibs.    1  oz. 
4  Ibs.  13  oz. 

Total  

527  Ibs.    9oz. 

32  Ibs. 

It  will  be  noticed  that  her  largest  day's  yield  of  milk  produced  the  least 
butter,  which  was  caused  by  churning  the  milk  too  warm.  The  loss  was  proven 
by  the  oil  test  of  the  buttermilk.  Following  are  the  affidavits  of  those  handling 
the  cow: 

State  of  Missouri,  County  of  Clinton,  ss. 

Now  comes  L.  C.  Goodale,  of  Cameron,  Mo.,  and  being  duly  sworn  on  his 
oath,  says:  I  did  feed  and  milk  Gerben  4th,  preparatory  to  and  during  said 
test  as  given  in  the  statement  hereto  attached  and  marked  "A."  That  I  milked 
from  said  cow  during  the  seven  days  test  527T%-  Ibs.  of  milk  as  above  stated  in 
said  statement  as  aforesaid,  and  helped  to  churn  said  milk  and  saw  the  butter 
well  worked  and  that  the  butter  so  churned  from  said  milk  weighed  32  Ibs. 

L.  C.  GOODALE. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me  on  this  17th  day  of  January,  1889,  by 
said  L.  C.  Goodale,  well  known  to  me  to  be  the  person  he  represents  himself  to 
be.  A.  W.  FREDERICK,  Notary  Public  for  Clinton  Co.,  Mo. 

State  of  Missouri,  County  of  Clinton,  ss. 

Now  comes  J.  B.  Grover,  of  Cameron,  Mo.,  and  being  duly  sworn  on  his 
oath  says:  I  saw  a  part  of  the  milk  from  Gerben  4th  weighed  during  the  seven 
days'  test  (in  the  statement  hereto  attached  and  marked  "A")  referred  to;  that 
I  churned  nearly  all  of  said  milk  and  saw  the  butter  weighed,  and  it  did  weigh 
32  Ibs.  J.  B.  GROVER. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me  this  17th  day  of  January,  1889,  and  I 
further  certify  that  I  am  well  acquainted  with  J.  B  Grover,  who  has  subscribed 
and  sworn  to  this  statement,  and  know  him  to  be  a  gentleman  entitled  to  credit 
as  an  honorable  and  truthful  gentleman. 

A.  W.  FREDERICK,  Notary  Public  for  Clinton  Co.,  Mo. 

State  of  Missouri,  County  of  Clinton,  ss. 

Now  comes  M.  E.  Moore,  of  Cameron,  Clinton  County,  Missouri,  and  being 
duly  sworn,  says:  I  am  the  owner  of  Gerben  4th,  No.  1080,  D.-F.  H.  B., 
recorded  as  Gerben  No.  5562,  H.  H.  B.,  and  that  I  saw  said  cow  fed,  some  of  the 


MOORE'S   GERBEN   4TH.  67 


milking  done,  most  of  the  milk  weighed,  as  set  forth  in  the  statement  hereto 
attached  and  marked  "  A,"  of  the  seven  days'  test  in  said  statement  set  forth. 
I  assisted  in  the  churning  of  said  milk  and  worked  all  the  butter  churned  from 
said  milk  dry  as  it  is  done  at  my  creamery,  and  weighed  said  butter,  which 
weighed  32  Jbs.  M.  E.  MOORE. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me,  a  notary  public  within  and  for  Clinton 
County,  Missouri,  by  M.  E.  Moore,  to  me  well  known  and  is  entitled* to  full 
credit.  A.  W.  FREDERICK,  Notary  Public. 

The  feed  consumed  by  Gerben  4th  each  day  while  making  the  test  was  40 
Ibs.  corn  meal,  ground  fine,  18  Ibs.  wheat  bran,  all  the  sugar  beets,  clover  and 
timothy  she  wanted,  with  a  little  Northwestern  Condition  Powder  each  day, 
and  never  refused  to  eat  preparatory  to  or  during  said  test;  is  now  producing 
between  60  and  70  Ibs.  of  milk  daily. 

Gerben  4th,  1080,  D.-F.  H.  B.,  recorded  as  Gerben  No.  5562,  H.  H.  B.,  was 
selected  in  Friesland  by  Mr.  C.  Baldwin,  of  Nelson,  Ohio,  the  noted  "cattle 
expert;"  was  bred  by  A.  S.  Heeg,  Osterend;  calved  May  3,  1882.  Dam,  Gerben 
3d,  No.  250,  F.  H.  B.,  Europe.  Grandam  on  both  dam  and  sire's  side,  Gerben, 
No.  86,  F.  H.  B.,  Europe. 

She  is  large  (weight  before  calving,  1,684  Ibs.),  very  straight  and  level, 
remarkably  broad  across  the  hips,  flanders  escutcheon,  udder  large  (measured 
five  feet,  seven  and  three-fourths  inches),  mammary  veins  double  extension 
and  branched.  Chest  vein,  very  thin  neck,  horns  drooping  and  remarkably 
fine,  eyes  very  full  and  prominent,  mellow  skin,  hair  silky,  dandruff  sections 
oily. 

Since  above  test,  with  feed  reduced,  and  the  weather  much  colder,  three 
parties  saw  Gerben  4th  milked,  weighed  the  milk — morning,  26  3-16  Ibs.;  noon, 
18  3-16  Ibs.;  evening,  14  15-16  Ibs.  Total,  59  5-16  Ibs.,  from  which  was  churned 
and  well  worked  3  3-4  Ibs.  of  butter. 

The  above  butter  record  we  believe  was  the  largest  ever  made  for  one  week 
by  any  Holstein-Friesian  cow  at  this  date. 

Prof.  W.  A.  Henry,  of  the  Wisconsin  Experiment  Station,  writes  of  this 
record:  "From  Mr.  Moore  we  solicited  a  sample  of  milk  of  this  cow,  giving 
explicit  directions  how  it  should  be  taken.  Our  request  was  promptly  acceded 
to,  and  a  sample  of  the  milk  was  received  February  8,  1889,  which  analyzed  : 
Specific  gravity,  1.0314;  total  solids,  13.70;  fat,  5.13. 

"Mr.  Moore  reported  the  yield  of  milk  on  the  day  the  sample  was  taken  to  be 
63  Ibs.  Granting  that  the  milk  was  as  rich  in  fat  as  the  sample  received,  there 
would  be  a  little  over  3.2  Ibs.  of  pure  butter  fat  in  the  day's  milk,  which  if  all 
was  recovered  in  the  butter,  would  make  fully  four  pounds  of  butter  contain- 
ing 80  per  cent  of  butter  fat.  Mr.  Moore  states  that  the  sample  was  taken 
exactly  according  to  directions. 

"  At  first  we  thought  to  let  the  matter  rest  at  this  point,  but,  believing 
that  we  should  get  still  nearer  the  cow,  I  sent  Mr.  F.  G.  Short,  a  chemist  of 
this  station,  to  Cameron  to  secure  samples.  Mr.  Moore  had  no  knowledge  what- 
ever of  Mr.  Short's  intended  visit,  but  received  him  cordially,  and  allowed  him 
every  privilege.  Mr.  Short  took  every  precaution  to  secure  samples  of  Gerben 
4th's  milk,  attending  the  weighing  himself  and  sealing  the  samples  as  soon  as 
drawn.  Three  samples  were  taken,  the  first  on  February  17,  at  noon  ;  the  sec- 
ond in  the  evening,  and  the  third  the  following  morning.  Mr.  Short  attended 
personally  to  seeing  that  the  cow  was  milked  dry  in  the  morning  of  the  day  the 
first  sample  was  taken. 

"  Every  condition  fora  large  milk  flow  and  butter  yield  was  against  the 
cow  at  this  date  :  she  had  been  bred  a  few  days  previous,  her  grain  feed  had 
been  changed  and  reduced  from  what  it  had  been  during  the  large  test  reported 
by  Mr.  Moore.  February  16  it  had  rained  all  day,  and  that  night  had  turned  to 
zero  weather;  the  cow  was  not  blanketed,  nor  given  any  special  attention,  and 
went  with  the  herd,  as  usual,  out  into  a  field  for  the  water  she  drank.  As 
shown  by  the  table,  she  gave  nearly  49  Ibs.  of  milk  in  three  milkings,  from 
which  samples  were  secured.  The  samples  taken  on  February  17  and  18  were 
received  February  22,  and  at  once  analyzed,  the  milk  being  still  sweet.  The 
following  tables  give  the  results  of  the  analysis  : 


CHEMIST  AND  CHURN   AGREE. 


69 


Time  of  Milking. 

Lbs.  of 
milk. 

Total 
solids 
per  ct. 

Fat 
per  ct. 

Solids 
not  fat 
per  ct. 

Caseine 
per  ct. 

Ash 
per  ct. 

Sugar  by 
differ'nce 
per  ct. 

Specific 
gravity. 

Feb.  17,  noon. 

12.69 

13.96 

4.91 

9.05 

3.32 

.75 

.  4.99 

1.035 

Evening. 

17.5 

13.10 

3.84 

9.26 

3.37 

.78 

5.01 

1.036 

Feb.  18,  morning. 

24.69 

12.69 

3.53 

9.16 

3.42 

.79 

4.95 

1.036 

Multiplying  the  milk  product    by  the  percentages  of   fat,   we   get    the 
following  : 


Time  of  Milking. 

Yield. 

Per  cent  fat. 

Amount  fat. 

Noon       .               .                       . 

12.69  Ibs. 

4.91 

623  Ibs 

Evening.        
Morning.        

11.5    Ibs. 
24.69  Ibs. 

3.84 
3.53 

.442  Ibs. 
.881  Ibs. 

Totals  

48.88  Ibs. 

1.946  Ibs. 

"We  have,  then,  a  yield  of  over  1.9  Ibs.  of  pure  butter  fat  for  a  day  of  24 
hours.  Granting  all  is  recovered  in  the  butter,  at  80  per  cent  pure  oil  to  the 
pound,  it  would  give  2.43  Ibs.  of  butter.  At  the  same  rate,  when  giving  527 
Ibs.  9  oz.,  the  yield  of  butter  would  be  26.29  Ibs.  While  this  is  less  by  5.7  Ibs. 
than  the  claim  of  Mr.  Moore,  I  am  more  than  willing  to  concede  that  the  con- 
ditions under  which  the  samples  were  taken  amply  account  for  such  a  discrep- 
ancy. After  listening  to  Mr.  Short's  report  of  his  examination  of  the  milk 
record  of  the  herd,  kept  by  Mr.  Moore,  of  the  condition  of  the  weather,  and  of 
the  manner  in  which  the  cow  was  managed,  I  am  free  to  state  that  I  believe 
that  the  claim  of  32  Ibs.  of  butter  in  one  week  from  Gerben  4th  is  entirely 
possible  and  probable." 

M.  E.  Moore  of  Cameron,  Mo.,  under  date  of  April  29,  1889.  writes:  I  have 
just  completed  a  seven-days'  butter  test  with  my  imported  -Holstein-Friesian 
cow,  Empress  Josephine,  429  D.-F.  H.  B.,  beginning  April  2,  closing  April  8: 


April  2, 
April  3, 
April  4, 
April  5, 
April  6, 

'.'.'.'. 

78  Ibs. 
79  Ibs.    5oz. 
76  Ibs. 
80  Ibs.  12  oz. 
79  Ibs     6  oz 

3  Ibs.    7oz 
3  Ibs.    9oz. 
3  Ibs.    9oz. 
3  Ibs.  12  oz. 
3  Ibs  12  oz 

April  7, 
April  8, 

79  Ibs.  15  oz. 
80  Ibs.    2oz. 

3  Ibs.  14  oz. 
3  Ibs.  15  oz. 

Total, 


553  Ibs.    8oz. 


25  Ibs.  14  oz. 


The  following  is  the  analysis  of  Empress  Josephine's  milk,  samples  of  which 
were  taken  at  the  farm  in  February  (zero  weather)  by  Mr.  Short,  sent  by  Prof. 
W.  A.  Henry,  of  the  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  Madison,  Wis.: 


TOTAL  SOLIDS. 

FAT. 

CASEINE. 

ASH. 

Noon 

12.89 

4.00 

3.28 

72 

6  P.  M.,  

12.78 

3.67 

3.57 

77 

6AM  

12.27 

3.01 

3.50 

88 

Empress  Josephine  is  now  milking  daily  from  80  to  85  Ibs. 


70 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


Messrs.  J.  B.  Dutcher  &  Son,  Pawling,  N.  Y.,  thus  report  the  famous  record 
of  DeKol  2d: 

The  Holstein-Friesian  cow,  De  Kol  2d,  734  H.  F.  H.  B.,  412  Advanced 
Registry,  dropped  the  bull  calf,  De  Kol  2d's  Netherland,  11,584  H.  F.  H.  B., 
January  16,  1889,  at  the  age  of  4  years,  9  months  and  27  days.  From  March  16 
to  March  22  (both  inclusive),  De  Kol  2d  gave  420  Ibs.  1  oz.  of  milk  which 
churned  33  Ibs.  6  oz.  of  unsalted  butter,  12.58  Ibs.  of  milk  making  1  Ib.  of  butter; 
and  on  March  20  she  gave  49  Ibs.  8  oz.  of  milk  which  churned  61  Ibs.  6^  oz.  of 
unsalted  butter,  9.29  Ibs.  of  milk  making  1  Ib.  of  butter.  This  record  has  never 
been  equalled  by  any  Holstein-Friesian  cow,  of  the  same  age,  to  our  knowledge, 
while  the  one-day  record  of  6  Ibs.  6|  oz.  we  do  not  believe  has  ever  been 
equalled  by  a  cow  of  any  breed. 

The  food  given  this  cow  daily  during  her  test  consisted  of  18  Ibs.  of  hominy 
chop,  1\  Ibs.  of  wheat  bran,  3|  Ibs.  of  cottonseed  meal  and  all  the  good  hay  she 
would  eat. 

The  Cooley  creamer,  the  Davis  swing  churn  and  the  Howe  table  scales 
were  used  during  the  test. 

The  following  is  the  result  of  the  seven  days'  test  with  a  correct  copy  of  all 
affidavits  relating  thereto: 


March  16.  1889. 

61  Ibs.    1  oz. 

4  Ibs.  10     oz. 

17, 

58  Ibs.  13  oz. 

4  Ibs.  18     oz. 

18, 

61  Ibs.    4  oz. 

5  Ibs.    1     oz. 

19, 

57  Ibs.  14  oz. 

4  Ibs.  10K  oz. 

20, 

59  Ibs.    8oz. 

6  Ibs.    6>£  oz. 

21, 

62  Ibs.  12  oz. 

4  Ibs.    4     oz. 

22, 

• 

58  Ibs.  13  oz. 

3  Ibs.    9     oz. 

Total,  7  days. 

420  Ibs.    loz. 

33  Ibs.    6     oz. 

AFFIDAVITS. 

1.  Nelson  A.  Stall,  superintendent  Maplecroft  Stock  Farm,  Pawling,  N.  Y. 
State  of  New  York,  County  of  Duchess. 

Nelson  A.  Stall,  being  duly  sworn,  says  that  he  is  the  superintendent  of  the 
Maplecroft  Farm  at  Pawling,  N.  Y.  That  for  the  seven  consecutive  days,  from 
March  16  to  March  22,  1889  (both  inclusive),  the  Holstein  cow,  De  Kof  2d,  734 
H.  F.  H.  B.,  412  Advanced  Registry,  gave  420  Ibs.  1  oz.  of  milk  which  churned 
33  Ibs.  6  oz.  of  unsalted  butter.  That  the  said  cow,  during  said  test,  viz.,  on 
March  20,  1889,  gave  on  that  day  59  Ibs.  8  oz.  of  milk  which  churned  6  Ibs.  6|  oz. 
of  unsalted  butter. 

Deponent  further  says  that  he  knows  of  his  own  knowledge  that  the  fore- 
going statements  are  true  and  correct  in  every  particular. 

(Signed)  NELSON  A.  STALL. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me  April  6,  1889. 

(Signed)        WILLIAM  GEORGE  TICE,  Notary  Public. 

2.  George  Vail,  herdsman  at  Maplecroft  Stock  Farm,  Pawling,  N.  Y. 
State  of  New  York,  County  of  Duchess. 

George  Vail,  of  the  town  of  Pawling,  N.  Y.,  being  duly  sworn,  says  that  for 
the  seven  consecutive  days  from  March  16  to  March  22,  1889  (both  inclusive) ,  he 
milked  the  cow,  De  Kol  2d,  734  H.  F.  H.  B.,  412  Advanced  Registry,  and  that 
during  said  seven  days  said  cow  gave  420  Ibs.  1  oz.  milk  as  weighed  by  this 
deponent.  (Signed)  GEORGE  VAIL. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me  this  6th  day  of  April,  1889. 

(Signed)  WILLIAM  GEORGE  TICE,  Notary  Public. 

3.     Miss  Hattie  L.  Stall,  who  had  charge  of  the  milk  and  the  churning  of  the 
same. 
State  of  New  York,  County  of  Duchess. 

Hattie  L.  Stall,  being  duly  sworn,  says  that  she  had  charge  of  the  milk 
given  by  the  Holstein  cow,  De  Kol  2d,  734  H.  F.  H.  B.,  412  Advanced  Registry, 
and  that  she  further  had  charge  of  the  churning  of  the  milk  given  in  the  seven 


DE  KOL  SB'S   RECORD. 


consecutive  days  from  March  16  to  March  22,  1889  (both  inclusive),  and  saw 
the  butter  so  churned  weighed,  and  that  the  said  milk  given  during  the  said 
seven  days,  to  the  knowledge  of  this  deponent,  churned  33  Ibs.  6  oz.  of  unsalted 
butter,  and  further  that  the  milk  given  March  20,  1889,  did  churn  6  Ibs.  6^  oz. 
of  unsalted  butter. 

(Signed)  HATTIE  L.  STALL. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me  this  6th  day  of  April,  1889. 

(Signed)  WILLIAM  GEORGE  TICE.  Notary  Public. 

4.     Messrs.  William  J.  Merwin,  John  J.  Arnold,  and  George  S.  Holmes,  all 
of  Pawling,  N.  Y.,  were  present  by  Mr.  Nelson  A.  Stall's  request  to  witness  the 
weighing  of  the  butter  that  was  churned  from  the  milk  given  by  De  Kol  2d 
March  20,  1889. 
State  of  New  York,  County  of  Duchess. 

William  J.  Merwin,  John  J.  Arnold,  and  George  S.  Holmes,  being  duly 
sworn,  says  each  for  himself,  that  he  did  weigh  the  butter  said  to  have  been 
churned  from  the  milk  given  by  the  Holstein  cow,  De  Kol  2d,  734  H.  F.  H.  B., 
412  Advanced  Registry,  on  March  20,  1889,  and  that  the  same  weighed  by  him 
was  of  the  actual  weight  of  6  Ibs.  64  oz.  of  unsalted  butter. 

(  W.  J.  MERWIN. 
Signed     1  JOHN  J.  ARNOLD. 

(  GEORGE  S.  HOLMES. 
Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me  this  6th  day  of  April,  1889. 

(Signed)  WILLIAM  GEORGE  TICE,  Notary  Public. 

Mr.  Willard  Morse,  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  Windsor  Dairy,  Denver, 
Col.,  writes  :  "I  wish  to  take  up  some  of  your  valuable  space  to  give  an  account 
of  a  butter  test  made  on  the  Windsor  farm  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  heifer, 
Hilda  Spaanz,  2533.  This  heifer  was  calved  January  1,  1886,  and  dropped  her 
last  calf  July  31,  1889  ;  she  was  consequently  three  years  and  seven  months  old 
at  time  of  calving.  I  purchased  this  heifer  in  Illinois  in  June,  shipped  her  to 
Colorado  and  dehorned  her  in  the  month  of  July.  She  was  only  in  fair 


COUNT  CLOTHILDE,  No.  9915  H.  F.  H.  B. 


72 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


condition  when  I  purchased  her  and  the  change  of  altitude  together  with  the 
fact  that  the  months  of  July  and  August  of  this  year  have  been  very  hot  and 
dry,  have  operated  against  her  and  today  the  heifer  is  not  in  the  condition  she 
should  be  to  do  her  best,  and  I  confidently  believe  that  another  year,  in  the 
four-year-old  form,  this  heifer  will  make  a  better  record  comparatively  than 
she  has  this  year  as  a  three-year-old.  I  witnessed  the  weighing  of  several 
of  the  milkings,  the  churning  and  weighing  of  several  days'  butter  product  and 
will  state  of  my  own  knowledge  that  the  weights  in  the  following  table  are 
correct  and  that  the  butter  was  well  worked  and  of  good  odor  and  quality." 
The  table  below  shows  the  weights  of  milk  and  of  butter,  all  of  which  are 
attested  to  under  oath,  to  comply  with  the  rules,  of  Advanced  Registry  of  the 
Holstein-Friesian  Association. 


DATE. 

MILK. 

BUTTER. 

jpt.  11,  1889  

61U  Ibs. 

3  Ibs. 

3oz. 

12, 

61     Ibs. 

2  Ibs. 

14  oz. 

13, 

59     Ibs. 

2  Ibs. 

7oz. 

14, 

61*  Ibs. 

2  Ibs. 

13  oz. 

15, 

63     Ibs. 

2  Ibs. 

15  oz. 

16, 

. 

61  X  Ibs. 

3  Ibs. 

17, 

63     Ibs. 

3  Ibs. 

3oz. 

Total  production.     . 

430>£  Ibs. 

20  Ibs. 

7oz. 

Accompanying  the  above  statement  is  affidavit  of  the  manager  of  the  dairy, 
the  herdsman  and  the  man  who  did  the  milking. 

Gillett  &  Son,  of  Rosendale,  Wis.,  reported  December  1,  1889,  in  detail, 
butter  records  recently  made  by  three  two-year-old  heifers,  Bessie  Loeman, 
Johanna  Nig  and  Johanna  5th,  whose  seven  days'  production  stands  11  Ibs.  1 
oz.,  11  Ibs.  3  oz.,  and  14  Ibs.  2  oz.,  respectively. 


Oct. 

7 

8 

9 
10 
11 
12 
13 


BESSIE  LCEMAN. 

Lbs. 
Milk. 

32.13 

32.3  1-2 

33.12  1-2 

32.5 

34.8 

34.14 

34.15 


N. 

JOHANNA 

NIG. 

JOHANNA 

5TH. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

Butter. 

Oct. 

Milk. 

Butter. 

Sept. 

Milk. 

Butter. 

3.1 

21 
22 

33.13  1-2 
34.9 

|     M 

29 
30 

42.8 
39.12 

j-     4  1-2 

3.1  1-2 

23 
24 

33.5  1-2 
33.12 

Oct.  1 

2 

3S1 
40.1 

j-     3.11 

4.1434 

25 
26 

34.9 
35.7 

j-     3.6 

3 
4 

40.11 
41.4 

V     6.6  1-2 

27 

33.4 

1.10 

5 

42.4 

f 

Bessie  Losman— Total  week's  milk,  234.7.  Butter,  11.1.  Pounds  of  milk  to  one  pound  butter, 
21  19-100. 

Johanna  Nig— Total  week's  milk,  238.12.  Butter,  11.3.  Pounds  milk  to  one  pound  butter, 
21  34-100. 

Johanna  5th— Total  week's  milk,  284.9.  Butter,  14.2.  Pounds  milk  to  one  pound  butter, 
20  14-100.  Oct.  1  and  Sept.  30  rained,  which  reduced  her  milk  a  trifle. 

The  ration  fed  these  heifers  was  made  up  as  follows :  One-fifth  corn  meal, 
^  ground  oats,  |  oil  meal,  and  f  wheat  bran,  with  all  the  timothy  hay  they 
would  eat,  and  all  the  spring  water  they  would  drink.  They  were  kept  in 
stables  during  the  day,  and  allowed  to  run  with  the  herd  at  night ;  were  milked 
at  5.45  a.  m.,  12.30  and  7.30  p.  m.  Their  milk  was  set  in  pans  and  skimmed 
every  48  hours.  The  butter  was  churned  at  62  degrees,  washed,  salted  and 
worked  before  weighing. 

We  put  no  particular  stress  upon  these  records  for  great  flow  of  milk,  as 
they  were  tested  for  butter,  and  good  quality  was  desired  rather  than  great 
quantity  ;  hence  we  say,  had  we  fed  desirous  of  obtaining  a  great  daily  milk 
record,  we  believe  any  one  of  these  heifers  would  have  increased  in  quantity 
several  pounds  per  day. 

We  feel  quite  encouraged  from  the  results  of  these  tests,  first,  because  all 
these  heifers  were  bred  by  us  ;  second,  because  Bessie  Loeman  and  Johanna  5th 
were  sired  by  our  bull  Oakland  Chief,  and  are  the  first  of  his  daughters  we 
have  ever  tested  ;  and  third,  because  we  bred  the  sires  of  them  all,  and  that  the 
average  of  the  three  of  12  Ibs.  2  oz.  speaks  for  itself  of  the  merits  of  these 
youngsters  as  dairy  cows.  Johanna  Nig  was  sired  by  a  near  descendant  of  the 
great  Billy  Boelyn. 


CLOTHILDE  2D9S  RECORD. 


73 


Clothilde  2d,  at  Lakeside  Stock  Farm,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. ,  completed  on  Decem- 
ber 18,  1889,  a  week's  butter  record  of  30  Ibs.  8  oz.,  and  it  is  thus  reported  by 
Smiths  &  Powell  Co.,  in  January,  1890.  Her  butter  was  of  fine  quality.  She 
gave  for  the  week  569  Ibs.  14  oz.  of  milk,  which  shows  that  she  averaged  1  Ib. 
of  butter  from  18.68  Ibs.  of  milk.  This  shows  that  quality  and  quantity  can 
be  combined  in  the  same  cow. 

She  was  fed  per  day  during  the  test,  19  Ibs.  of  grain  feed,  composed  of  one 
part  wheat  bran,  one  part  ground  oats,  one  part  corn  meal,  and  one-eighth  of 
one  part  linseed  meal.  Of  coarse  feed  she  was  fed  50  Ibs.  corn  ensilage,  22  Ibs. 
of  carrots  and  3  Ibs.  of  hay. 

She  dropped  her  last  calf  October  29,  1889,  and  up  to  time  of  commencing 
test  had  very  little  grain  feed. 

When  the  production  of  both  milk  and  butter  is  considered,  Clothilde  2d 
now  stands  at  the  head.  We  know  of  no  other  cow  with  equal  records  of  both 
these  products. 

This  cow  is  now  eight  years  old,  and  has  averaged  over  19,500  Ibs.  of  milk 
per  year,  counting  the  whole  time  in  milk,  commencing  in  her  two-year- 
old  form. 

As  a  four-year-old  she  gave  23,602  Ibs.  10  oz.  of  milk  in  a  year.  Last  year, 
after  dropping  her  calf,  she  was  given  a  butter  test  of  thirty  days,  making  25 
Ibs.  6£  oz.  in  a  week,  and  104  Ibs.  3|  oz.  in  thirty  days.  All  grain  feed  was  then 
dropped,  and  during  the  summer  she  had  only  the  pasture  and  soiling  crops,  and 
during  the  winter  only  corn  ensilage,  hay  and  roots,  until  a  few  weeks  before 
the  close  of  the  year,  when  6  Ibs.  of  grain  per  day  was  added  to  her  ration. 
With  this  feed  she  closed  her  year's  milk  record,  at  20,487  Ibs.  13  oz.  This 
record,  considering  the  feed  consumed,  has  no  equal. 

Next  to  this  cow  in  the  production  of  milk  and  butter,  stands  her  dam, 
Clothilde,  with  a  milk  record  at  six  years  of  age,  of  26,021  Ibs.  2  oz.  in  a  year, 
and  a  butter  record  of  28  Ibs.  2±  oz.  in  a  week.  She  averaged  for  the  whole 
time  in  milk  during  her  life,  commencing  before  she  was  two  years  old,  18,579 
Ibs.  per  year. 

The  butter  records  of  Clothilde  and  her  five  daughters  in  Lakeside  herd, 
three  of  them  tested  at  three  years  of  age,  average  for  the  six  head,  22  Ibs.  13 
£  oz..  averaging  for  the  whole  number  a  pound  of  butter  from  19. 54  Ibs.  of  milk. 

The  whole  number,  although  three  of  them  were  but  three  years  old  at  the 
time  of  making  records,  and  one  with  only  one-half  an  udder,  averaged  16,065 
Ibs.  6|  oz.  of  milk  in  a  year. 

The  seven-day  record  was  broken  on  June  17,  1890,  by  Parthenea.  Mr. 
E.  T.  Gay  thus  reports  the  test :  The  seven-day  milk  and  butter  record  recently 
made  by  Parthenea,  9592  H.  H.  B.,  a  member  of  Maplewood  herd,  is,  I  believe, 
the  largest  ever  made  for  that  period. 

Commencing  June  11,  her  production  was  as  follows  : 


DATE. 

MILK. 

BUTTER. 

me  11,  1890. 

80  Ibs.  8  oz. 

5 

Ibs. 

12  v. 

oz. 

12, 

77  Ibs.  6  oz. 

4 

Ibs 

15V< 

oz. 

13, 

75  Ibs.  7  oz. 

5 

Lbs 

11H 

oz. 

14, 

79  Ibs.  3  oz. 

5 

II.  si 

13 

oz. 

15, 

81  Ibs. 

5 

Ibs 

16, 

79  Ibs.  3  oz. 

5 

Ibs 

8 

oz. 

17, 

75  Ibs.  9  oz. 

5 

Ibs. 

12 

oz. 

Total  

584  Ibs.  3  oz. 

38 

Ibs. 

8% 

oz. 

Average  number  pounds  of  milk  per  day  78  and  5  oz. 

Average  number  pounds  butter  per  day,  5  and  8  1  14  oz. 

Average  number  pounds  milk  required  for  one  pound  of  butter,  14.23. 

The  butter  was  of  very  good  grain  and  quality. 

Parthenea  is  six  years  old  and  dropped  her  last  calf  April  21,  1890,  and  on 
May  15  we  began  increasing  her  feed. 

During  the  test  she  received  on  an  average  27  Ibs.  of  ground  feed,  consist- 
ing of  oats,  bran,  linseed  oil  meal  and  corn.     She  was  allowed  to  run  in  pasture 
during  the  day  with  other  members  of  the  herd  and  kept  in  stall  nights. 
6 


74  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 

This  is  not  Parthenea's  first  appearance  before  the  public.  She  was 
imported  by  Mr.  F.  C.  Stevens  in  1884  as  a  calf,  and  has  been  a  member  of  his 
show  herds  nearly  every  season  since  that  date.  She  was  a  member  of  the  First 
Prize  herd  at  the  Madison  Square  Garden  Cattle  Show  in  1887  and  gave 
over  70  Ibs.  of  milk  daily  during  the  ten  days  of  the  great  exhibition,  in  public, 
and  was  but  three  years  old  at  that  time. 

Parthenea  was  entered  in  the  public  butter  tests  of  1889  and  won  first 
premium  at  Detroit  Exposition  last  September  for  largest  yield  of  butter  in 
twenty -four  hours — and  the  fact  that  she  did  so  more  than  six  months  after 
calving  speaks  well  for  her  great  staying  qualities. 

Her  last  record  is,  we  think,  without  exception  the  largest  ever  made  and 
again  calls  attention  to  the  superior  qualities  of  Holstein-Friesian  cattle  and  to 
members  of  Maplewood  herd  which  contains  many  animals  closely  related  to 
this  noted  cow. 

It  will  be  remembered  that  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association's  national 
prize  of  gold  medals  and  cash  for  largest  milk  record  made  at  any  fair  or 
exposition  during  1889  was  won  by  Lutske,  a  member  of  Maplewood  herd,  also 
both  first  and  second  prizes  offered  for  largest  butter  record  went  to  Tirannia 
and  Alberta  Abbekerk,  also  members  of  Maplewood  herd — Alberta  Abbekerk 
is  a  half  sister  to  Parthenea  and  the  quantities  made  by  these  cows  are  the 
largest  ever  made  in  a  public  test.  All  of  the  best  and  leading  breeds  were 
well  represented  in  the  competition  and  the  number  of  contestants  numbered 
hundreds  in  the  different  states. 

In  high  altitudes  the  Holstein-Friesian  appears  able  to  produce  as  abund- 
antly as  on  her  native  land.  Messrs.  Ehrich  &  White,  of  the  Colorado  Springs 
Gardens  Company,  made  the  following  report  in  July,  1890,  of  the  perform- 
ance of  their  cow  Natsey.  They  state  the  cow  Natsey,  2265  H.  H.  B.,  has  made 
an  undoubted  record  of  34  Ibs.  9  oz.  of  unsalted  butter  in  seven  days,  which  beats 
Lady  Baker's  record  of  last  year  by  3  oz.,  and  which,  we  believe,  is  the  greatest 
seven  days'  butter  record  ever  made  by  a  Holstein-Friesian  cow. 

The  following  table  gives  the  weight  of  each  day's  production  of  milk.  The 
cream  was  churned  in  two  separate  lots  : 

June   28,  1890,  81  1-2  Ibs. 

"       29,      "  79 

30,      "  80 

July      1,      "  79         " 

319  18  Ibs.  13  oz.  unsalted  butter. 

July      2,    1890,  79 

3,      "  79  4-16 

»•        4,      "  71 


229  4-16     15  Ibs.  12  oz.  unsalted  butter. 

Total,  548  Ibs.  12  oz.  milk  made  34  Ibs.  9  oz.  butter  ;  15|  Ibs.  milk  to  1  Ib. 
butter. 

The  test  was  unsatisfactory  in  one  respect.  Through  an  unavoidable  acci- 
dent in  handling  the  cream  of  the  first  four  days,  about  one  quart  of  it  was 
spilled  and  lost.  This  would  have  added  at  least  7  or  8  oz.  of  butter  to  the 
record.  This,  however,  is  our  misfortune,  and  we  only  claim  the  actual  pro- 
duct of  butter. 

The  cow  was  fed  ground  corn  and  oats,  wheat  bran,  cotton  seed  meal,  oil 
meal,  alfalfa  and  green  clover,  all  the  alfalfa  and  clover  she  would  eat.  She 
had  no  drink  except  what  she  obtained  from  the  water  troughs  in  the  yard. 
We  will  not  take  the  space  here  to  publish  all  the  affidavits  of  those  who  had 
the  cow  in  charge.  Suffice  it  to  say,  that  we  have  them  in  due  form  in  our 
possession,  and  copies  may  be  had  by  any  one  desiring  them. 

Natsey,  2265  H.  H.  B.,  was  bred  by  M.S.  Veeman,  Marssum,  Friesland,  and 
was  calved  March  5,  1881,  and  was  imported  by  Thomas  B.  Wales,  July  21, 
1882.  She  was  sold  to  H.  A.  Morse,  of  Genoa  Bluffs,  la.,  who  sold  her  to  H.  A. 
Brown  of  Marengo,  la.  And  then  Mr.  Wales  bought  her  again,  and  sold  her  to 
Messrs.  Ehrich  &  White  at  the  Chicago  sale,  November  14,  1889. 

In  June,  1889,  Mr.  Wales  tested  her,  and  she  made  30  Ibs.  9  oz.  butter  from 
473  Ibs.  15  oz.  milk. 

He  says  that  the  circumstances  of  the  test  were  unfavorable,  and  was  quite 
positive  that  she  could  surpass  Lady  Baker  under  equal  conditions.  Her 
Advanced  Registry  number  is  646.  She  is  a  magnificent  animal,  and  one  of  the 
strongest  and  heartiest  cows  we  have  ever  seen. 


SMITHS  &  POWELL  CO.   HEIFERS.  75 

The  Smiths  &  Powell  Co.,  of  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  in  the  spring  of  1894,  made  a 
most  interesting  and  valuable  report  of  the  yield  of  some  herds  of  their  own 
breeding.  They  state :  "As  is  our  custom,  we  have  recently  been  testing  some 
of  our  young  heifers  for  butter,  and  as  several  of  them  have  pedigrees  which 
show  that  the  ten  to  twenty  nearest  female  ancestors  have  records  which  aver- 
age from  18  to  20  Ibs.  of  butter  in  a  week,  and  15,000  to  16,000  Ibs.  of  milk  in  a 
year,  we  have  watched  with  no  small  degree  of  interest  the  results  of  these 
tests,  and  they  show  conclusively  that  if  you  wish  superior  butter  cows,  you 
must  breed  with  this  purpose  constantly  in  view. 

"  We  recently  tested  a  heifer  which  was  two  years  old  November  30,  last, 
and  had  her  first  calf  when  about  twenty-live  months  old.  She  made  14  Ibs.  7 
oz.  of  very  choice  butter,  salted  an  ounce  to  a  pound,  and  well  worked. 

"As  this  is  a  good  showing,  it  will  be  of  interest  to  know  what  her  ancestors 
have  done.  Her  sire  was  Sir  Netherland  Clothilde,  whose  thirteen  nearest 
female  ancestors,  including  every  one  in  America,  average  16,052  Ibs.  3  oz.  of 
milk  in  a  year,  and  19  Ibs.  15  oz.  of  butter  in  a  week. 

"Her  dam,  Aegis  10th,  as  a  two-year-old,  made  14  Ibs.  of  butter  in  a  week, 
and  as  a  three-year-old,  21  Ibs.  7  oz.  of  butter  in  a  week,  and  she  gave  14,000 
Ibs.  of  milk  in  ten  months. 

"Her  grandam,  Aegis,  was  the  first  cow  that  was  ever  known  to  give  16,823 
Ibs.  of  milk  in  a  year,  and  when  thirteen  years  old  she  made  25  Ibs.  of  butter  in 
a  week  and  over  100  Ibs.  in  thirty  days. 

"Aegis  10th  was  by  Netherland  Prince,  whose  dam  gave  13,875  Ibs.  of  milk 
in  a  year  and  made  21  Ibs.  3  oz.  of  butter  in  a  week. 

''Another  heifer  which  is  making  a  very  fine  showing  is  Netherland  Monk's 
Aaggie  Constance,  three  years  old.  She  gave,  as  a  two-year-old,  11,201  Ibs.  7 
oz.  of  milk  in  a  year,  and  made  at  that  age,  on  winter  feed,  15  Ibs.  8|  oz.  of 
butter  in  a  week.  She  had  her  second  calf  in  December,  and  has  recently  made 
20  Ibs.  |-  oz.  of  butter  in  a  week.  Her  sire  was  Netherland  Monk,  whose  dam, 
Albino  2d,  was  probably  the  greatest  cow  of  the  entire  breed,  when  age  is  con- 
sidered. She  gave  as  a  two-year-old,  18,484  Ibs.  of  milk  in  a  year,  and  made, 
the  fourteenth  month  after  having  her  calf,  as  a  two-year-old,  13  Ibs.  14|  oz.  of 
butter  in  a  week.  As  a  three-year-old,  when  fresh,  she  made  about  26  Ibs.,  and 
106  Ibs.  in  thirty  days.  Netherland  Monk  was  by  Netherland  Prince,  as  given 
above. 

'  'The  dam  of  this  young  cow,  Aaggie  Constance,  as  a  two-year-old,  commenc- 
ng  at  twenty-six  months  of  age,  gave  26,761  Ibs.  of  milk  in  a  year,  and  as  a 
mature  cow  made  19  Ibs.  14|  oz,  of  butter  in  a  week. 

"The  grandam,  Kappijne,  gave  15,227  Ibs.  7  oz.  of  milk  in  a  year,  and  made 
19  Ibs.  12£  oz.  of  butter  in  a  week. 

"Another  promising  three-year  old,  equally  as  well  bred  as  the  last  two,  is 
Countess  Clothilde.  She  had  her  first  calf  when  just  past  two  years  old,  and 
made,  on  winter  feed,  15  Ibs.  2  oz.  of  butter  in  a  week,  and  gave  9,251  Ibs.  10 
oz.  of  milk  in  a  year.  She  had  her  second  calf  about  two  weeks  ago,  and  closed 
a  week's  test  for  butter  yesterday,  making  16  Ibs.  3  oz.  in  a  week,  and  averag- 
ing 1  Ib.  of  butter  from  less  than  15  Ibs.  of  milk,  for  the  whole  time. 

"This  heifer  is  not  yet  in  full  flow,  and  we  are  confident  will  make  a  very 
much  higher  record.  We  have  a  son  of  this  heifer,  now  a  little  over  one  year 
old,  a  prize  winner  at  the  last  New  York  State  Fair,  whose  thirty  nearest  female 
ancestors,  counting  this  heifer  as  a  two-year-old,  have  butter  records  which 
average  for  the  whole  number  20  Ibs.  4  oz.  in  a  week,  and  milk  records  which 
average  over  16,000  Ibs.  in  a  year.  This  is  including  every  animal  that  has  ever 
been  imported  to  or  bred  in  America. 

"And  now,  just  one  word  to  show  the  importance  of  having  animals  whose 
ancestors  on  both  sides,  and  for  the  entire  number,  are  highly  bred  for  the  pro- 
ducts desired.  We  will  mention  that  we  tested,  a  short  time  since,  three 
heifers  which  we  bought  some  time  ago.  They  were  sired  by  one  of  our  best 
bred  bulls — equally  as  well  bred  as  those  named  above — but  the  ancestors  on 
the  dam's  side  had  never  been  tested  for  butter,  and  consequently  their  quali- 
ties for  this  product  were  not  known. 

"These  three  heifers,  tested  under  the  same  conditions  as  the  two-year- 
old  named  above,  made  as  follows:  One  of  them,  7  Ibs.  3^  oz.  of  butter  in  a 
week ;  another,  6  Ibs.  15  oz.  of  butter  in  a  week,  and  another,  7  Ibs.  14£  oz.  of 
butter  in  a  week. 

"  It  will  be  seen  that  while  they  are  as  well  bred  for  butter  on  one  side, 


PAULINE  PAUL. 


77 


and  have  no  breeding  for  butter  on  the  other  side,  the  product  by  actual  test, 
at  the  same  age,  is  just  about  one-half  as  much  as  the  two-year-old  named 
above,  which  had  been  bred  for  many  generations  on  both  sides  to  the  highest 
butter  strains. 

"These  facts,  it  seems  to  us,  demonstrate  most  fully  the  importance  of 
breeding  from  animals  whose  ancestors  for  many  generations  have  proven 
superior  in  the  lines  desired." 

The  famous  year's  test  of  Pauline  Paul,  which  is  the  world's  record  in  but- 
ter production,  is  an  example  of  the  marvelous  capacity  of  a  Holstein-Friesian. 
She  has  been  appropriately  conferred  with  a  title: 

"THE  QUEEN  OF  THE  DAIRY.11 

And  still  thy  record  leads  the  world— 

The  greatest  ever  seen— 
And  still  amid  all  dairy  farms, 

Thou  hoWst  thy  name  as  queen. 

Pauline  Paul,  2190  H.  H.  B.,857  Advanced  Registry,  was  dropped  January 
19,  1892.  Her  sire  is  Climax,  203  H.  H.  B.,  and  her  dam  is  Johanna  Paul,  677 
H.  H.  B. 

Climax  is  by  2d  Consul,  339  H.  H.  B.,  he  by  Dictator,  82,  and  out  of  Lavina, 
168  H.  H.  B.  Dam  of  Climax,  Zuider  Zee  9th,  65;  she  by  Van  Tromp,  50,  and 
out  of  Zuider  Zee,  62.  Johanna  Paul,  677.  Imported. 

Pauline  Paul  has  a  butter  record  of  1,153  Ibs.  15f  oz.  in  365  consecutive 
days,  or  one  year,  which  record  stands  unequalled  by  a  cow  of  any  breed. 

She  is  the  dam  of  Zozo,  10260  H.  H.  B.;  butter  record,  25  Ibs.  10^ oz.  in  seven 
days;  104  Ibs.  12  oz.  in  thirty  days;  and  also  the  dam  of  Pauline  Paul  2d, 
awarded  first  prize  as  best  heifer  calf  at  Buffalo,  Elmira,  Syracuse,  Albany  and 
Oneonta,  N.  Y.,  1892. 

The  butter  record  of  Pauline  Paul  for  365  consecutive  days,  commencing 
February  8,  1890,  is  as  below: 


BUTTER. 


DAYS. 

LRS. 

oz. 

DAYS. 

LBS. 

oz. 

7 

31 

m 

210                          795 

15% 

30 

128 

13% 

240                          892 

i  /4 

60 

256                        11 

270 

963 

15% 

90 

382                        14>£ 

300 

1031 

1% 

120 

503 

I2M 

330 

1091 

15M 

150 

610 

14* 

365 

1153 

15% 

180 

TOO 

13* 

Largest  day's  record  of  milk,  March  25,  1890,  69  Ibs.  10  oz. ;  largest  day's 
yield  of  butter,  4  Ibs.  9i  oz.;  largest  seven  days'  yield  of  milk,  449  Ibs.  7  oz.; 
largest  seven  days'  yield  of  butter,  31  Ibs.  If  oz.;  total  amount  of  milk  given 
through  the  year,  18,669  Ibs.  9  oz. 

The  butter  was  worked  thoroughly  and  salted  one  ounce  to  the  pound,  and 
prepared  fit  for  market  before  weighing.  During  the  whole  period  of  the  test 
an  invitation,  through  the  press  and  otherwise,  was  extended  to  the  public  to 
personally  witness  the  record  that  Pauline  Paul  was  making,  and  many  took 
advantage  of  it  to  satisfy  themselves. 

The  grain  ration  fed  during  the  test  consisted  of  three  parts  bran,  two  parts 
of  ground  oats,  one  part  of  corn  meal  by  measure.  She  did  not  consume  over 
30  Ibs.  of  grain  per  day,  including  the  3  Ibs.  of  cottonseed  fed  daily  until 
December  1.  She  had  no  slop  food  of  any  kind,  or  ensilage.  The  last  churning 
of  butter  made  from  her  weighed  1  Ib.  9^  oz. 

She  came  through  the  test  in  good  condition  without  experiencing  a  draw- 
back of  any  kind,  or  refusing  a  feed.  Her  robust  constitution,  no  doubt,  has 
been  an  important  factor  in  accomplishing  such  remarkable  results.  She  has 
been  a  regular  breeder  ever  since. 

Pauline  Paul  is  now  the  property  of  Crumhorn  Stock  Farm,  Paterson,  N.  J. 

There  are  almost  numberless  examples  of  the  success  of  the  Holstein-Fries- 
ian in  the  hands  of  practical  dairymen  as  well  as  breeders,  in  all  sections  of  the 


78  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

United  States  and  Canada.  Public  institutions,  experiment  stations,  and  indi- 
viduals who  have  used  Holstein-Friesian  cattle,  whether  grades  or  pure-breds, 
have  found  them  uniformly  the  most  economical  producers. 

The  director  of  the  lovra  Agricultural  College  Experiment  Station,  Prof. 
Wilson,  is  making  excellent  progress  in  his  experiments  with  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  breed  of  cattle  and  others,  testing  them  for  the  Advanced  Registry. 
The  director  keeps  some  thirty  head  of  Holstein-Friesians  on  the  college  farm, 
and  says  they  are  not  excelled  in  amount  of  butter  fat  by  any  other  breeds 
kept  there. 

The  Smiths  &  Powell  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  writes  :  "  We  have  just 
received  a  letter  from  Mr.  W.  J.  Hayes,  of  Ravenna,  O.,  who,  some  years  ago, 
bought  some  choice  representatives  of  the  Clothilde  and  Netherland  families  as 
foundation  animals  for  a  choice,  herd  of  Holstein-Friesians. 

"  He  has  been  breeding  but  a  few  years,  and  writes  us  under  date  of  Janu- 
ary 10,  1896,  as  follows  :  '  During  the  year  1895,  we  milked  from  twenty-nine 
cows  and  nine  heifers  387,555  Ibs.  of  milk,  averaging  for  each  cow  and  heifer 
10,200  Ibs.,  and  made  14,136  Ibs.  of  butter.  For  this  we  received  $4,029.30,  an 
average  price  per  pound  of  28$  cents.' 

"  From  this  statement  it  will  be  seen  that  the  average  returns  from  the 
whole  thirty-eight  cows  in  milk,  nine  of  which  were  heifers,  were  $106.30,  and 
that  the  whole  number  averaged  372  Ibs.  of  butter  per  cow. 

"  If  the  heifers  were  counted  as  half  cows,  which  is  quite  common  among 
dairymen,  it  would  show  an  average  of  over  421  Ibs.  of  butter  per  cow  for  the 
year. 

"  Such  a  showing  as  this,  it  seems  to  us,  must  be  very  gratifying  to  Hol- 
stein-Friesian breeders,  and  it  is  certainly  very  gratifying  to  us,  as  his  herd  is 
very  largely  made  up  of  the  Clothilde  and  Netherland  families." 


CHAPTER  XI. 

DAIRY  YIELDS— GRADE   HOLSTEINS. 

M.  S.  Nye,  of  Homer,  N.  Y.,  writes  :  "  The  past  year  my  dairy  of  twenty- 
two  Holstein-Friesian  cows  gave  an  average  of  8,048  Ibs.  of  milk  per  cow.  Ten 
of  the  cows  were  four  years  and  under.  I  have  in  the  past  two  years  made 
twelve  tests  with  the  scales  and  churn  for  butter  in  the  months  of  May,  June 
and  July.  The  average  amount  of  milk  for  one  pound  of  butter  was  22  Ibs. 
Taking  that  for  an  average  for  the  year,  the  dairy  has  produced  365  Ibs.  of 
butter  per  cow  in  one  year. 

"I  have  drawn  my  milk  to  milk  depots  for  the  past  six  years,  and  they 
have  been  well  pleased  with  the  quality  of  milk." 

Charles  Mimrich,  North  Heidelberg,  Pa.,  April  1,  1895,  writes  :  "I  find  my 
Holsteins  far  superior  to  either  the  Jersey  or  Swiss  breeds  of  cattle  which  I 
have  been  breeding  the  past  ten  years." 

W.  A.  Halsey,  Port  Byron,  N.  Y.,  April  1,  1895:  "I  am  decidedly  of  the 
opinion  that  the  Holsteins  have  no  superior  for  milk,  butter  and  beef." 

W.  M.  Benninger,  Walnutport,  Pa.:  "I  am  convinced  by  actual  experience 
that  good  Holsteins  are  decidedly  the  best  general  purpose  cattle.  I  am  getting 
from  two  to  five  cents  per  pound  more  for  my  butter  than  the  other 
creameries  near  here,  which  is  due  to  the  milk  being  from  a  pure-bred  herd  of 
Holsteins." 

E.  S.  Allen,  Baxter,  Iowa  :  "I  have  twenty-five  head  of  the  favorite  black- 
and-white  cattle.  We  milked  eight  cows  and  three  heifers  last  season.  They 
averaged  me  one  pound  of  butter  a  day  for  ten  months  in  the  year.  In  the 
winter  they  were  fed  dry  corn  in  the  ear  and  timothy  hay,  and  in  summer  I 
soaked  the  corn  and  fed  them  ten  ears  night  and  morning.  The  weather  was 
so  dry  that  the  pasture  all  dried  up.  In  the  fall,  until  cold  weather,  they  were 
fed  what  pumpkins  they  would  eat.  I  raised  seven  calves,  feeding  milk  direct 
from  the  cow  until  they  were  from  15  to  20  days  old,  then  put  them  on  skim 
milk,  and  oil  cake  meal  and  salt  and  the  milk  poured  over  it,  with  what  hay 
and  corn  they  would  eat,  but  no  grass  until  they  were  weaned. 

"The  milk  was  sold  to  creamery  and  run  through  a  separator,  we  getting  80 
per  cent  in  skim  milk  to  bring  home.  My  test  ran  from  4  1-5  to  3  1-4  fat  or 


DAIRY  YIELDS. 


butter.  The  best  month  was  May,  when  they  averaged  42  Ibs.  of  butter  per 
head.  Most  of  the  skim  milk  was  fed  to  pigs,  and  the  pigs  and  calves  I  still 
have  on  hand.  I  have  had  high  grade  Shorthorns  and  common  stock,  but  find 
the  Holsteins  much  more  profitable  than  any  of  the  others.  This  winter 
I  am  feeding  shredded  corn  fodder  and  corn  and  cobmeal,  and  like  it  very 
much." 

Mr.  Peter  Hammen,  Beechwood,  Wis.,  writes:  The  following  is  the  result 
in  one  year  at  the  Beechwood  Valley  Herd  of  Holsteins.  Having  bought  a 
cream  separator  and  commenced  the  first  day  of  March,  1893,  with  nineteen 
cows  in  the  herd,  until  March  1,  1894,  cream  was  received  by  the  Kewaskum 
creamery,  which  is  run  entirely  under  the  gathering  system.  Cream  was  taken 
from  the  farm  twice  a  week  which  is  eleven  miles  from  the  creamery.  The 
following  is  the  number  of  inches  of  cream  and  number  of  pounds  of  butter 
derived  from  the  cream  in  one  year  and  prices  per  pound.  Payments  are  made 
once  a  month: 


Months. 

No.  of 
in. 

No.  of 
Ibs. 

Price 
per  Ib. 

Months. 

No.  of 
in. 

No.  of 
Ibs. 

Price 
per  Ib. 

March,  18 
April, 

93, 

185.5 
387 

196.94 
462.16 

24  ct 
24 

8. 

Sept.     18| 

)3. 



151.24 

15865 

22  ct 
23 

3. 

Amy, 

538.3 

241.28 

20 

Oct. 

396 

285.38 

24 

404 

18 

fct 



96.84 

23 

June, 

649.7 

450.78 

14 

" 



98.17 

22 

355.59 

15 

Nov. 

342.9 

185.22 

21 

July, 

532.7 

658.32 

15 



223.39 

20 

August, 

639.6 

424.67 
351.65 

16 

18 

Dec. 
Jan.      1894. 

313.2 
330.1 

368.37 
372.61 

22 

17 

Sept., 

564.4 

406.87 

20 

Feb. 

305.5 

375.48 

18 

Total  number  of  inches,  5,185.    Total  number  of  pounds  6,267)£.    Average  price  per  pound,  19 
cents.    Average  number  of  pounds  per  cow,  329%  Ibs.    Average  in  money  per  cow,  $62.55. 


CHIEF  OF  MAPLE  HILL  4TH,  No.  17224  H.  F.  H.  B. 

First  prize  and  sweepstakes,  Iowa  and  Nebraska  State  Fairs ;  first  prize  at  St.  Louis,  1894 ; 
first  prize  and  sweepstakes,  Minnesota,  St.  Louis  and  Illinois  in  1895. 


80 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


Frank  Roe,  Augusta,  N.  J.,  writes  :  "Our  dairy  for  the  past  year,  1895,  has 
numbered  thirty  in  milk.  Their  milk  was  sold  to  a  dealer  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y., 
who  has  had  it  for  the  past  five  years.  From  the  thirty  we  have  received 
$3,668.38,  an  average  from  each  cow  of  $122.27.  The  same  number  last  year 
from  January,  '94,  to  January,  '95,  averaged  $120.96.  The  present  year  they 
have  given  more  milk,  but  prices  were  lower  for  one  month,  which  reduced  the 
average  about  two  dollars  for  each  cow.  The  dairy  is  composed  of  twenty- 
three  pure  bred  Holstein-Friesians,  five  pure  Guernseys  and  two  grade  Holsteins. 
If  we  could  sell  the  Guernseys  and  fill  their  places  with  pure-bred  Holstein- 
Friesians  we  would  materially  increase  the  average,  as  the  Holsteins  give  us 
nearly  double  the  quantity  of  milk.  Our  Holstein  milk  shows  from  4  to  4.4 
per  cent  butterfat  while  the  Guernsey  milk  is  about  1  per  cent  richer.  We  have 
tested  both  frequently,  both  separately  and  also  the  mixed  milk  from  both. 
The  individual  Guernseys  show  from  4  to  6  per  cent,  while  the  Holsteins  show 
from  3.5  to  5  per  cent.  For  our  business  the  Holstein  is  very  much  the  better 
cow  as  we  can  produce  a  quart  of  milk  from  them  cheaper  than  from  the 
Guernsey.  All  milk  that  will  show  12  per  cent  solids  brings  the  same  price  in 
our  market.  The  milk  from  our  Holsteins  will  show  better  than  13  per  cent 
solids. 

"  During  the  past  year  we  have  been  testing  all  our  pure-bred  cows  that 
became  fresh  and  were  in  condition  with  the  result  given  below.  All  were 
examined  and  accepted  by  Mr.  Hoxie  and  duly  entered  in  Advanced  Registry. 
Only  one  cow  failed  that  we  tested,  Jane,  No.  14,328,  who  had  only  two  good 
quarters.  She  only  lacked  92-100  of  an  oz.  of  butter.  Her  milk  during  the 
week  averaged  4.2  per  cent  of  fat." 


AGK. 
YRS.      MOS. 

LBS. 

oz. 

NO.  LBS.  MILK  TO 
1  LB.  OF  BUTTER. 

Dorinda,  778  D.-F  

7 

15 

8 

2600 

Dorinda  Wayne,  25,206  ... 

3 

16' 

2 

87-100 

18.92 

Dorinda's  Roxie,  14,331 

5 

20 

11 

71-100 

20.22 

Roxie  Wayne,  25.207      ... 

3 

18 

8 

97100 

20.47 

Roxie  Wayne,  25.207      ... 

4 

21 

1 

60100 

19.30 

Lilith's  Beauty,  8866 

3 

15 

10 

23  50 

Lilith  Aaggie  Wayne,  25,205 
Brookside  Lilith,  34,025 

3 
1            9 

16 
10 

1 
1 

26-100 
6-100 

23.88 
20.59 

Brookside  Lilith,  34  025 

2          10 

14 

8 

2-100 

20.53 

Aaggie  Cornucopia,  21,127    . 

6  , 

21 

8 

18.31 

Aaggie  Cornucopia  2d,  30,597 
Aaggie  Cornucopia  3d,  34,026 

3 
2 

16 
12 

IS 
1 

22-100 
81-100 

20.04 
24.06 

Jetske  Roe,  14,329  .... 

6 

15 

IB 

25-100 

22.90  * 

Jetske  Wavne,  25,203     ... 

3 

16 

7 

97-100 

21.59 

Jeike  2d,  1389  D.-F.         ... 

6 

19 

20.25 

Mulvie,  10,701  

7 

21 

7 

103-200 

1807 

Miss  Tutts.  7161       .... 

8 

16 

8 

93-100 

21.35 

Zanca,  10,703  

6 

18 

18 

43-100 

19.50 

May  Hartog  of  Brookside,  36,420 

2 

13 

8 

23.38 

May  Hartog  of  Brookside,  36,420 
Dorothy  Ondine  Wayne,  25,209    . 

3 
3 

18 
21 

4 
6 

39-100 
11-200 

18.80 
18.07 

Celeste  3d,  2896       

10 

20 

4 

56-100 

17.91 

Brookside  Maggie,  33,216      .... 

5 

19 

ir> 

75-100 

20.89 

Jolie  4th,  10,537       .... 

7 

16 

11 

9-100 

2249 

Ondine's  Model  2d's  Empress,  11,080 
Jaire,  from  two  quarters,  14,328 

3 

7 

15 
14 

1 
14 

8-100 

28.00 

F.  M.  Bauman,  Fremont,  Ohio,  writes:  "1  am  still  breeding  the  white 
and  black  cattle,  and  find  them  more  profitable  than  any  other  breed  that  I 
ever  handled. 

"As  they  give  a  large  flow  of  milk,  make  a  large  amount  of  butter,  and 
excellent  beef,  with  these  three  great  producing  elements  combined  in  one,  it 
cannot  help  but  make  them  the  best  general  purpose  cattle  at  the  present  time. 

"  My  herd  is  small,  eleven  head;  eight  full  bloods  and  three  grades.  I  find 
the  better  the  blood,  the  better  the  cow. 

"Have  five  cows  now;  three  full  blood  and  two  grades.  My  method  of 
handling  is  pasture  in  the  summer  and  stable  in  winter,  with  a  little  exercise 
in  the  yard  in  pleasant  weather. 

"Winter  feed  consists  of  clover  hay,  corn  fodder,  roots,  corn  meal  and  bran. 

"Butter  is  my  object.    The  skim  milk  goes  to  calves  and  pigs.     Last  year 


GRADE  HOLSTEINS.  81 


from  three  cows  made  980  Ibs.  of  butter;  average  per  cow'  326^  Ibs;  cost  of  keep 
per  cow,  $82. 

"Veals  sold  at  four  weeks  old,  hog  dressed,  weighed  from  128  Ibs.  to  145  Ibs. 
Price  received,  six  and  seven  cents  per  pound.  Steers  live  weight,  two  years 
old,  1000  Ibs.;  price  three  cents.  So  I  find  the  Holstein  cow  more  profitable 
than  any  other  breed. 

"Average  per  cow  on  butter  the  past  year,  $67.90,  without  calf." 

Mr.  Edward  A.  Powell,  of  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  writes  the  following  practical 
and  interesting  article  on  grade  Holsteins  :  "  The  annual  report  of  Dairy  Com- 
missioner Brown,  of  this  state,  for  1888,  and  the  '  cow  census  '  of  a  portion  of 
Jefferson  county,  both  seem  to  show  that  the  dairy  cows  of  the  state  average 
only  about  3,000  pounds  of  milk  per  year. 

"Those  reports  present  such  a  dark  picture  to  all  dairymen — the  cows  of 
this  state  being,  doubtless,  equal  to  those  of  any  other— that  every  enterprising 
party  in  the  business  will  at  once  ask  himself,  Is  there  no  remedy?  Is  there  no 
brighter  future  for  the  dairy  business  of  this  country? 

"I  have  given  the  subject  some  attention,  and  am  convinced  that  there  is  a 
remedy  within  the  reach  of  every  dairyman.  By  breeding  better,  by  selecting 
bulls  from  breeds  and  from  families  which  have  been  proven  by  careful  test, 
extending  through  several  generations,  to  be  superior  for  both  milk  and  butter 
— bulls  in  which  these  tendencies  have  become  so  thoroughly  established  that 
they  will  transmit  these  qualities  to  their  offspring,  and,  by  crossing  them  upon 
the  best  cows  in  any  dairy,  a  herd  can  very  soon  be  built  up  that  will  produce 
double  the  present  average  product. 

"Pure-bloods  are,  of  course,  superior  to  grades,  but  it  is  not  practical  for 
every  dairyman  to  have  pure-bred  cows. 

"He  can,  however,  at  small  expense  compared  with  the  result  to  be 
attained,  secure  bulls  of  the  highest  quality  and  best  breeding. 

"These  bulls  should  not  only  be  pure-bloods,  and  recorded,  but,  which  is  of 
far  greater  consequence,  they  should  come  from  families  whose  superiority  has 
been  established  beyond  all  question,  by  actual  and  well-established  records. 

"It  is  not  enough  that  the  dam  alone  has  a  good  record.  Every  female  in 
every  line  for  several  generations  should  be  proven,  showing  that  there  are  no 
blanks. 

"Every  ancestor  should  be  superior,  not  only  for  milk,  but  for  butter  ;  for 
the  dairy  that  can  be  used  with  profit  for  the  production  of  either  product  is 
much  more  valuable,  and  is  a  safer  investment,  than  if  it  must  be  confined  to 
one. 

"The  farmer  who  converts  his  milk  into  butter  this  year  may  find  it  much 
more  profitable  to  make  cheese,  or  sell  milk,  next.  He  will  also  find  a  larger 
field  for  the  sale  of  his  surplus  stock. 

"The  following  statements  will  convey  some  idea  of  what  can  be  accom- 
plished by  breeding  from  superior  bulls  : 

"Messrs.  Wood  &  Son,  of  West  Exeter,  N.  Y.,  only  a  few  years  ago  bought 
a  thoroughbred  bull  and  a  few  heifers,  at  an  outlay  of  only  a  few  hundred  dol- 
lars. They  now  have  thirty  cows,  pure  bloods  and  high  grades,  nine  of  them 
only  three  years  old. 

"They  sold  at  the  factory  this  last  year  over  183,117  Ibs.  of  milk.  They 
sold  1,535  Ibs.  of  butter,  which,  at  25  Ibs.  of  milk  to  a  pound  of  butter,  would 
require  38,375  Ibs.;  570  Ibs.  from  skimmings,  at  an  average  of  4|  Ibs.,  equal  to 
2,560  Ibs.  They  raised  on  new  milk  thirty-six  calves,  which  they  estimate  at 
500  Ibs.  each,  equal  to  8,000;  90  quarts  of  milk  sold,  equal  to  180  Ibs. 

"The  milk,  cream  and  butter  for  a  family  of  six  were  also  furnished  from 
the  dairy,  which,  at  the  low  estimate  of  12  quarts  per  day,  would  require  8,760 
Ibs.  for  the  year. 

"This  makes  a  total  of  240,990  Ibs.  for  the  thirty  cows,  about  one-third  of 
which  were  three-year-olds,  making  an  average  of  over  8,000  Ibs.  per  cow. 

"Messrs.  Henry  Jerome  &  Son,  intelligent,  enterprising  farmers  living 
near  Syracuse,  commenced  a  few  years  ago  to  improve  their  herd  by  selecting 
the  best  cows  in  the  country,  and  grading  up  from  this  foundation  by  the  use 
of  a  fine  Holstein-Friesian  bull.  About  two-thirds  to  three-fourths  of  the  herd 
are  now  fine  grades.  They  feed  liberally  and  well,  but  only  in  such  quantity 
as  they  deem  most  profitable. 

"Their  herd  consisted  this  year  of  eighteen  cows,  including  three  two-year- 
old  heifers. 


82 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE 


"They  sold  their  milk  to  the  Onondaga  County  Milk  Association,  of  Syra- 
cuse, and  received  their  pay  a  few  days  since  for  8,839^  Ibs.  of  milk  for  each 
cow.  The  herd  averaged  them  $105.55  per  cow.  This  was  the  amount  sold,  and 
cash  received.  Besides  this,  the  tables  for  two  families  for  the  year,  and  another 
for  three  months,  were  supplied  from  the  dairy,  and  three  calves  were  raised. 

"During  the  year  four  cows  which  were  not  satisfactory  were  replaced  by 
better  ones,  which  were  fresh,  but  the  total  number  of  cows  was  kept  at  eigh- 
teen. Had  the  milk  used  in  the  three  families,  and  that  fed  to  the  calves,  been 
weighed,  it  would  doubtless  have  shown  an  average  of  three  times  the  amount 
Commissioner  Brown  reports  as  the  average  yield  for  the  cows  of  the  state. 

"P.  J.  Schuyler,  Esq.,  a  neighbor  who  sold  his  milk  to  the  same  associa- 
tion, has  ten  cows,  eight  of  which  are  of  the  same  breed,  and  nearly  all  repre- 
senting one  family,  which  averaged  for  1888  10,449  Ibs.  of  milk,  for  which  he 
was  paid  $127  per  cow,  or  $90  per  cow  above  the  average  of  the  cows  of  the 
state,  according  to  the  report  of  Commissioner  Brown. 

"I  recently  called  at  the  farm  of  G.  L.  Merril  to  see  a  fine  grade  Holstein- 
Friesian  cow,  of  which  I  had  heard  very  favorable  reports. 


COUNT  AAGGIE  CLOTHILDE,  No.  16209  H.  F.  H.  B. 

"His  foreman  informed  me  that  she  had  dropped  her  calf  about  six  weeks 
ago,  and  had  given  since  that  date  from  56  to  71  Ibs.  of  milk  a  day,  the  former 
being  the  smallest,  and  the  latter  the  largest  daily  yields.  He  also  assured  me 
that  by  actual  tests  she  was  making  over  2  Ibs.  of  butter  per  day.  His  wife 
with  pride  brought  out  for  our  inspection  a  churning  for  one  day,  which  she  had 
just  finished  working.  It  was  as  yellow  as  could  be  desired,  without  artificial 
coloring,  the  grain  was  good,  and  the  flavor  superior. 

"Another  neighbor  recently  had  a  grade  cow,  which,  by  actual  weight, 
gave  in  the  months  of  January  and  February  over  3,800  Ibs.  of  milk. 

"By  the  use  of  the  very  best  class  of  bulls,  and  rearing  only  the  calves  from 
our  best  cows,  the  production  of  our  herds  can  be  doubled  in  a  very  few  years. 

"The  greatest  hindrance  to  success  is  the  fact  that  the  poorest  class  of 
bulls,  merely  because  they  are  a  little  cheaper,  are  used  by  most  dairymen." 

A  comparison  of  Holstein  grades,  Jerseys,  Guernseys  and  their  grades  will 
be  of  interest. 

While  at  the  annual  meeting  of  the  New  York  State  Dairymen's  Association 
at  Ithaca  in  December,  1889,  I  was  quite  interested  in  Secretary  Shull's  descrip- 


GRADE  HOLSTEINS. 


83 


tion  of  the  results  of  a  dairy  conference  held  at  Cedarsburg,  N.  Y.,  writes  Mr. 
Dudley  Miller  in  February,  1890. 

At  these  conferences  practical  instruction  in  the  art  of  butter  making  is 
given,  and  frequently,  as  in  this  case,  by  that  excellent  butter  maker,  W.  H. 
Gilbert  of  Richland,  president  of  our  State  Dairymen's  Association. 

President  Gilbert  ships  his  butter  nearly  300  miles,  to  the  Hotel  Brunswick, 
New  York,  and  receives  a  handsome  price  for  it  the  year  round.  The  same 
hotel  is  supplied  with  cream  from  President  Gilbert's  farm.  It  is  shipped  in  tin 
cans  covered  with  felt  jackets,  to  preserve  an  even  cool  temperature. 

At  the  Cedarsburg  dairy  conference  a  churning  was  made  with  200  Ibs.  of 
milk  from  Jersey  and  Guernsey  full  bloods  and  high  grades.  This  milk  was 
produced  by  23^-  cows  (so  reckoned),  or  an  average  of  8.57  Ibs.  at  each  milking 
per  cow. 

The  200  Ibs.  of  milk  produced  191  oz.  of  butter,  or  an  average,  for  each  cow 
per  milking,  of  8.19  oz.  Thus  it  required  in  round  numbers  a  pound  of  this  milk 
for  an  ounce  of  butter. 

At  another  churning  of  200  Ibs.  of  milk  from  grade  Holsteins,  produced  by 
eleven  cows  at  one  milking  each,  averaging  per  cow  for  milking  18  18  Ibs.,  101 
oz.  of  butter  was  made,  or  an  average  for  each  cow  per  milking  of  9.18oz., 
requiring  nearly  2  Ibs.  of  milk  to  1  oz.  of  butter. 

Here  we  have  the  actual  results  of  a  practical  test  between  full  bloods  and 
high  grade  Jerseys  and  Guernseys  on  the  one  hand  and  grade  Holsteins  on  the 
other.  In  tabulated  form  the  results  are  as  follows: 


Breed. 

No.  of 
Milkings. 

Lbs.  of 
Milk. 

Lbs.  per 
Milking. 

Oz.of 
Butter. 

Oz.  pei- 
Co  w. 

Jerseys,  Guernseys  and  high  grades, 
Holstein  grades,   

21  1-3 

11 

200 

200 

8.57 
18.18 

191 
101 

8.19 
9.18 

The  adherents  of  Jerseys  and  Guernseys  may  look  at  this  table,  smile  com- 
placently, and  lecture  on  the  quality  of  milk  of  their  favorites,  dilating  on  the 
fact  that  it  required  but  little  over  a  pound  of  milk  for  an  ounce  of  butter, 
whereas  the  Holsteins  furnished  such  poor  milk  that  it  took  nearly  2  Ibs.  to 
make  1  oz.  of  butter. 

Why !  they  say  in  Massachusetts  that  Holstein  milk  does  not  come  up  to 
the  standard  fixed  by  law. 

The  Holstein  man  who  keeps  less  than  half  the  number  of  cows  (11  to  23£) 
to  produce  the  same  amount  of  milk  (200  Ibs.),  which  is  more  digestible  and 
hence  better  for  man  and  beast,  is  not  at  all  troubled,  as  he  is  making  more 
money  than  his  friends  who  are  crying  skim  milk,  and  at  the  same  time  he  is 
furnishing  the  public  with  more  wholesome  milk. 

Of  course  it  would  be  the  sheerest  folly  to  attempt  to  make  butter  of  skim- 
milk,  "milk  below  the  Massachusetts  standard,"  in  the  opinion  of  Jersey  and 
Guernsey  breeders. 

However,  the  foolish  Holstein  man  fetches  his  "skim-milk"  to  the  Cedars- 
burg conference,  where  it  has  to  compete  with  that  of  the  special  purpose 
Jersey  and  Guernsey  butter  breeds.  When  lo !  and  behold !  these  despised  pro- 
ducers of  skim-milk,  of  milk  below  the  Massachusetts  standard,  in  public  at 
this  New  York  State  Dairymen's  conference  at  Cedarsburg,  make  an  average  of 
over  10  per  cent  more  butter  per  cow  than  the  much  lauded  pet  of  the  fancy 
farmer,  the  Jersey  and  Guernsey. 

It  is  hard  to  be  compelled  to  bear  the  taunts  of  those  who  are  continually 
throwing  the  "skim-milk"  characteristics  of  the  Holsteins  into  their  owners' 
faces,  but  as  long  as  these  despised  cows  produce  over  10  per  cent  more  butter 
and  over  100  per  cent  more  milk  than  the  Jerseys  or  Guernseys,  their  breeders 
will  probably  continue  in  their  foolish  ways  and  stick  to  the  Holstein. 


CHAPTER  XII. 

MICHIGAN  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE. 

From  a  bulletin  of  the  Michigan  State  College  and  Experiment  Station,  we 
make  a  liberal  extract  relating  to  the  three  Holstein-Friesian  cows,  Houwtje 
D.,  Belle  Sarcastic  and  Rosa  Bonheur.  Illustrations  of  these  cows  are  also  given. 

Their  records  of  yields  of  butter  fat  are,  respectively,  660.14  Ibs.,  632.78  Ibs. 
and  469.31  Ibs. 

Prof.  Clinton  D.  Smith,  under  whose  continual  oversight  these  animals 
have  been,  describes  minutely  their  varying  characteristics,  food  consumed,  etc. 


For  one  day, 

For  seven  days, 

For  three  hundred  and  sixty-five  days,    .    . 
Average  test  for  one  year,  3.47  per  cent  fat. 


93.0  Ibs.  inilk,     2.96  Ibs.  fat. 

628.2  Ibs.  milk,    18.79  Ibs.  fat. 

19,025.0  Ibs.  milk,  660.14  Ibs.  fat. 


Houwtje  D.  was  calved  March  12,  1888,  from  imported  dam  and  sire,  and 
is  described  as  having  in  most  respects  a  typical  dairy  form  as  to  general  con- 
tour, being  distinctly  wedge  shaped  and  very  deep  through  the  abdomen  and 
udder,  and  rather  too  small  in  girth  behind  the  shoulders.  She  is  another  of  the 
famous  cows  at  the  Michigan  State  Agricultural  College  and  Experiment  Station 
which  have  been  tested  and  considered  by  Prof.  Clinton  D.  Smith  to  be  one  of 
the  three  best  cows  alive.  We  are  enabled,  through  Prof.  Smith's  kindness,  to 
here  present  the  pictures  of  these  magnificently  handled  cows. 

Her  head  is  long,  inclined  to  be  coarse,  and  somewhat  defective  in  width 
at  the  base  of  the  horns.  Her  temperament  is  quiet,  almost  to  the  point  of 
stupidity.  The  neck  is  thin,  long  and  slightly  drooping.  The  withers  are 
broad  rather  than  sharp,  and  the  crops  are  full  rather  than  cut  out,  differing  in 
these  two  important  respects  from  the  ideal  form. 

The  lean,  slanting  shoulder,  uncovered  ribs,  and  serrated,  strong,  prominent 
back  of  the  dairy  cow  are  present.  The  hips  are  broad  and  level  with  the  pin- 
bones  unusually  high  and  wide  apart.  The  cow  carries  a  good  amount  of  flesh. 
The  udder,  though  somewhat  uneven,  is  well  developed,  slightly  meaty  in  tex- 
ture and  extends  well  forward. 

(84) 


MICHIGAN  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE. 


85 


Her  weight  varied  little  from  1,560  Ibs.  up  to  the  middle  of  July,  when  it 
gradually  increased  to  1,600  Ibs.  by  the  first  of  January  following. 

Her  last  calf  was  dropped  April  25,  1894,  at  which  time  she  was  six  years, 
one  month  and  thirteen  days  old. 

She  became  with  calf  on  the  ninth  day  of  March,  1895. 

The  records  of  her  yields  of  milk  and  butter  fat  began  on  the  third  day  of 
May,  1894,  and  are  given  by  weeks.  As  with  Rosa  Bonheur,  the  milking  was 
done  thrice  daily  to  the  third  day  of  March,  1895. 

Thereafter  she  milked  twice  per  day  only.  Each  mess  was  tested  in  dup- 
licate by  the  Babcock  test  after  weighing. 

The  cow  was  turned  to  grass  before  this  record  began.  The  pasture  was 
supplemented  by  a  grain  ration  of  21  Ibs.  of  the  mixture  spoken  of  as  being  fed 
to  Rosa  Bonheur  5th,  viz.:  100  Ibs.  corn  meal,  75  Ibs.  oats  and  25  Ibs.  of  bran.  ^ 

Her  yield  is  given  for  455  days,  as  she  failed  to  get  with  calf  for  nearly  ten 
mouths.  During  this  time  she  made  the  following  records :  For  one  day,  93  Ibs. 
milk,  2.96  Ibs.  fat.  For  seven  days,  628.2  Ibs.  milk,  18.79  Ibs.  fat.  For  365  days, 
19,025  Ibs.  milk,  660.14  Ibs.  fat.  Average  test  for  year,  3.47  per  week,  2.4  7to  4.71. 

From  December  19,  nearly  eight  months  after  freshening,  to  May  1,  a 
period  of  133  days,  Houwtje  D.  consumed  the  following : 


Roots,  ....  5,480    Ibs.  or  41.20  Ibs.  per  day. 

Silage,  ....  6,060      "           45.56    " 

Hay,     ....  452      "             3.4      " 

Corn,    ....  406.16"             3.05    " 

Oats,     ....  243.68"             1.83    " 


Bran,    ....    702.25  Ibs.  or  5.28  Jbs.  per  day 
Wheat,     .     .     .    518.02    "         3.89    "          "     ' 
Millet  Silage,  .    173 
Oat  and  pea  hay,  208 


This  amount  of  fodder  and  grain  contained  4,490  55  pounds  of  dry  matter, 
equivalent  to  33.8  Ibs.  dry  matter  per  day.  Since  the  cow  weighed  on  the  aver- 
age during  the  winter,  1,600  pounds,  she  had  21.12  Ibs.  dry  matter  per  day  per 
1,000  pounds  live  weight.  The  German  feeding  standard  for  dairy  cows  in  milk 
requires  24  Ibs.  of  dry  matter  per  day  per  1,000  Ibs.  live  weight. 

The  amount  of  fat  yielded  during  this  period  was  189.5  Ibs.,  and  its  food 
cost  15  67  cents  per  pound,  or  if  allowance  is  made  for  skim  milk,  11.73  cents, 
equivalent  to  10.05  cents  for  butter. 


RECORDS— One  day, 81.9  Ibs.  milk,      2.45  Ibs.  fat. 

Seven  days, 554.7  Ibs.  milk,     16.42  Ibs.  fat. 

One  year 21,075.8  Ibs.  milk,   632.78  Ibs.  fat. 

Sixteen  months 27,626.3  Ibs.  milk,  827.22  Ibs.  fat. 

PREVIOUS  RECORD— 1893,  eleven  months, 9,255.5  Ibs.  milk. 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


Belle  Sarcastic  was  calved  January  18,  1890,  and  was  bred  by  H.  P.  Doane, 
of  Duffield,  Genesee  County,  Michigan.  She  was  sired  by  Sarcastic,  4,720,  a 
bull  owned  and  bred  by  G.  M.  Shattuck,  Pontiac,  Mich.,  and  out  of  imported 
pure  Dutch-Friesian  ancestry. 

The  dam  was  Belvisia  2d,  4,553  H.  F.  H.  B.,  a  cow  bred  by  Tousey  &  Seeley, 
Pontiac,  Mich.  She  was  put  of  Belvisia,  1,675  D.-F.  H.  B.  The  dam  of  this 
cow  was  the  famous  Pauline  2d,  18  A.  R.,  Vol.  1,  and  the  sire  Jelsum,  81  P.  R. 

The  sire  of  Belvisia  3d  was  Prince  Nicolaas,  361  D.-F.  H.  B.,  whose  dam, 
Marie  3d,  232  M.  R.,  was  one  of  the  best  Holstein  cows  ever  brought  into  Mich- 
igan. 

She  was  selected  by  Cornelius  Baldwin,  at  that  time  inspector  for  the 
Advanced  Register  of  the  Old  Dutch-Friesian  Herd-Book,  and  was  imported  by 
T.  H.  McGraw,  of  Portsmouth,  Mich.  While  not  a  coarse  cow  she  weighed 
1,900  Ibs.  when  fat.  She  had  a  wonderful  development  of  the  milk  veins,  and 
gave  over  90  Ibs.  of  milk  in  a  day  in  the  old  country. 

As  a  young  heifer,  Belle  was  decidedly  beefy,  broad  across  the  shoulders, 
and  steer-like  in  general  contour.  After  beginning  to  give  milk,  however,  the 
inherited  dairy  temperament  manifested  itself  until,  at  the  present  time,  her 
general  form  approximates  somewhat  closely  to  the  ideal  dairy  type,  as  is 
shown  by  her  photograph. 

The  long  head,  finely  chiseled,  broad  at  the  horns,  strong  and  nervous  in 
expression;  the  thin,  shapely  neck,  but  slightly  drooping;  the  sharp  withers, 
the  chine  straight  but  open  and  serrate :  the  ribs  flattened  and  open,  the  loin 
broad  and  strong,  with  a  high  and  level  rump ;  the  points  of  the  thurl  bones 
far  apart  and  covered  with  a  pad  of  fat,  the  thighs  incurving,  but  strong  and 
in  good  proportion,  the  udder  large,  even  and  with  a  long  connection  with  the 
body  extending  well  up  behind  and  well  forward  and  continued  in  large  crooked 
milk  veins  ending  in  large  milk  wells;  the  skin,  mellow  and  fine  as  silk, 
covered  with  a  coat  of  soft  and  glossy  hair  ;  these  indications  point  to  an  ideal 
dairy  cow,  capable  when  carefully  managed  of  producing  an  extraordinary 
record. 

In  disposition  she  lacks  the  gentleness  and  motherly  qualities  of  Rosa  Bon- 
heur  5th,  and  the  tendency  to  stupidity  of  Houwtje  D.  She  is  nervous,  quick  and 
highly  sensitive,  though  gentle  and  perfectly  kind  to  her  keeper.  Her  weight 
May  and  June  was,  on  the  average,  1,490  Ibs.,  in  November  it  was  1,508  Ibs. 
During  the  winter  it  ran  up  very  slowly  to  1,600  Ibs.  by  the  latter  part  of  April 
and  early  May,  1895.  The  average  of  her  weekly  weights  in  July,  1895,  was 
1,622  Ibs. 

Belle's  first  calf  was  dropped  on  the  1st  of  April,  1893,  her  second  on  the 
13th  of  April,  1894.  She  did  not  again  become  pregnant  until  the  23d  day  of 
May,  1895.  Her  milk  and  butter  record  began  on  the  26th  day  of  April,  1894. 
As  with  Rosa  Bonheur  and  Howtje  D.,  she  was  milked  thrice  daily,  and  each 
mess  was  separately  tested  in  duplicate  by  the  Babcock  test. 

The  milk  record  for  the  year  was  21,075.8  Ibs.,  equivalent  to  an  average  of 
57.74  Ibs.  per  day.  *  In  the  490  days  she  gave  27,626.3  Ibs.,  or  an  average  of  56.38 
Ibs.  per  day. 

Reducing  the  butter  fat  yields  to  butter,  the  632.78  Ibs.  of  fat  yielded  in 
the  year  is  equivalent  to  738.24  Ibs.  of  butter.  This  is  an  average  of  14.15  Ibs. 
of  butter  per  week  for  the  year. 

The  827.22  Ibs.  of  fat  given  in  the  seventy  weeks  is  equivalent  to  965.09  Ibs. 
of  butter,  which  is  an  average  of  13.79  Ibs.  of  butter  in  a  week. 

At  the  beginning  of  this  record  the  cow  was  but  four  years  and  one- 
quarter  old.  On  account  of  her  square  and  beefy  form  she  had  not  been 
selected  as  one  of  the  most  promising  heifers  of  the  herd  and  given  no  unusual 
attention  as  a  calf  or  heifer.  Her  previous  record  of  9,255.5  Ibs.  of  milk  was 
indicative  of  no  unusual  powers.  She  had  during  the  summer  of  1894  good  pas- 
ture and  a  daily  grain  ration  of  21  Ibs.  of  the  mixture  of  100  Ibs.  of  corn  meal, 
75  Ibs.  of  Oat  meal  and  25  Ibs.  of  bran. 

Her  milk  flow  was  singularly  even  as  to  quantity  and  quality,  considering 
the  fact  that  she  was  a  young  cow  and  somewhat  rapidly  growing  in  weight. 

Belle  had  been  turned  to  pasture  before  this  record  began.  As  the  pastures 
dried  up  they  were  supplemented  by  various  green  fodders,  oats  and  peas,  sweet 
corn  and  various  leguminous  crops.  During  the  hottest  weather  and  when  the 
flies  were  particularly  bad,  she  was  confined  during  the  day  time  in  a  cool  sta- 
ble and  allowed  to  run  in  a  pasture  at  night. 


MICHIGAN  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE.  87 

On  account  of  her  immaturit}'  no  attempt  was  made  to  crowd  the  cow,  and 
the  ration  was  kept  below  the  standard. 

The  American  standard  ration  would  require  for  a  cow  of  her  weight,  1,550 
Ibs.,  3.41  Ibs.  of  protein,  20.61  Ibs.  of  carbohydrates  and  1.085  Ibs.  of  fat  per  day. 

The  cow  ate  her  feed  with  avidity  every  day,  and  was  always  vigorous, 
playful  and  perfectly  healthy. 

The  total  dry  matter  eaten  in  the  twenty-one  weeks  was  5,276.03  Ibs.,  equal 
to  35.89  Ibs.  per  day,  or  23.18  Ibs.  per  day  per  1,000  Ibs.  live  weight,  the  average 
weight  of  the  cow  for  the  winter  being  1,550  Ibs. 

The  total  fat  yield  for  the  twenty-one  weeks  was  230.67  Ibs.  There  was 
therefore  22.87  Ibs.  dry  matter  on  the  average  eaten  for  each  pound  of  fat 
yielded. 

The  cost  of  the  feed  for  the  same  period  was  $40.75.  Dividing  this  sum  by 
230.67,  the  number  of  pounds  of  fat,  we  have  the  feed  cost  of  one  pound  of  fat, 
viz.:  17.66  cents,  if  no  cognizance  is  taken  of  the  value  of  the  6,120  Ibs.  of 
skim  milk  yielded  at  the  same  time,  which,  at  20  cents  per  hundred,  was  worth 
$12.24.  Subtracting  from  the  $40.75,  total  food  cost,  this  value  of  the  skim  milk 
we  have  the  net  food  cost  of  the  fat  $28.51  or  12.35  cents  per  pound. 

After  turning  to  pasture  in  the  early  days  of  May,  1895,  the  grain  feed  was 
continued  with  some  modification.  To  the  20th  of  May  the  daily  grain  feed 
consisted  of  2  Ibs.  of  oil  meal  and  18  Ibs.  of  a  mixture  of  100  Ibs.  of  corn,  60  Ibs.  of 
oats,  85  Ibs.  of  bran  and  50  Ibs.  of  wheat.  After  May  20  the  wheat  was  dropped 
and  the  cow  received  18  Ibs.  of  corn,  oats  and  bran  in  the  proportions  just  given 
with  2  Ibs.  of  oil  meal.  This  continued  until  July  13,  after  which  the  daily 
grain  feed  was  made  up  of  6  Ibs.  of  a  mixture  of  equal  parts  of  gluten  meal 
and  wheat  bran,  12  Ibs.  of  the  mixture  of  corn,  oats  and  bran,  and  2  Ibs.  of  oil 
meal. 

The  drouth  was  excessive  in  the  early  summer,  and  the  pastures  were  nearly 
an  entire  failure  after  the  middle  of  July.  The  cow  was  therefore  shut  in  the 
stable  during  the  heat  of  the  day  and  fed  on  green  corn  and  hay  in  addition  to 
the  grain. 

She  had  been  accustomed  to  receive  on  the  average  35.89  Ibs.  of  dry  matter 
per  day  while  in  the  yard  before  turning  to  pasture.  To  obtain  as  much  from 
pasture  grass,  which  contains  about  80  per  cent  water,  she  would  need  to  con- 
sume 179  Ibs.  daily,  the  gathering  of  which  alone  would  be  a  formidable  under- 
taking, even  for  as  vigorous  a  cow  as  this  one.  To  relieve  her  of  the  necessity 
of  carying  such  a  mess  of  succulent  material  through  her  stomach  and  bowels 
the  grain  ration  was  kept  up. 

The  milk  flow  rose  toward  the  end  of  May  and  was  fairly  constant  through 
June,  July  and  August.  The  regularity  as  well  as  the  unusual  size  of  the  yield 
is  undoubtedly  to  be  attributed  to  the  grain  feed  with  the  pasture. 

In  the  four  months  of  May,  June,  July  and  August  she  consumed  $21.77 
worth  of  grain. 

The  pasture  throughout  July  and  August  was  so  poor  as  to  form  but  an 
inconspicuous  part  of  the  ration.  Counting  its  value  with  the  supplementary 
green  fodder  and  hay  for  123  days  as  $10.00,  the  total  cost  of  the  feed  of  the  cow 
for  the  four  months  would  be  $31.77. 

The  milk  yield  for  the  same  period  was  6,608.5  Ibs.,  containing  195.92  Ibs.  of 
fat,  equivalent  to  228.57  Ibs.  of  estimated  butter.  Dividing  the  food  cost,  $31.77, 
by  this  amount,  the  feed  cost  of  a  pound  of  butter  would  be  13.89  cents,  with- 
out reckoning  the  value  of  the  skim  milk,  which  at  20  cents  per  hundred  would 
be  worth  $11. 23. 

Rosa  Bonheur  5th.  This  most  remarkable  of  Holstein-Friesian  cows  is 
another  of  the  Michigan  Experiment  Station  herd  which  has  been  so  admir- 
ably and  skillfully  handled  by  Prof.  Clinton  D.  Smith.  We  make  the  following 
extracts  from  the  Station  Bulletin: 

Rosa  Bonheur  5th  was  calved  March  20,  1888.  On  the  20th  of  February, 
1894,  therefore,  when  this  record  began,  she  was  5  years  and  11  months  old. 
Her  weight  at  that  time  and  for  the  months  following  varied  but  a  few  pounds 
from  1,750,  until  she  became  pregnant  on  the  22d  of  June,  1894,  when  it 
rapidly  ran  up  to  1,850  pounds  by  the  close  of  the  year.  She  is  therefore  a 
very  large  cow.  In  general  outline  she  approaches  the  ideal  dairy  type,  being 
distinctly  wedge  shaped,  deep  through  the  sacrum  and  udder,  and  much  less 
so  through  the  shoulder  and  brisket,  with  an  immense  belly  and  udder. 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


The  latter  measured,  a  month  after  calving,  five  feet  and  seven  inches  in 
circumference,  while  the  girth  around  the  largest  part  of  the  belly  was  eight 
feet  and  six  inches.  The  head,  in  size,  is  in  due  proportion  to  the  body,  and  is 
long  rather  than  wide.  The  head  back  of  the  horns  is  broad,  giving  room  for  a 
large  brain.  The  neck  is  thin,  fine,  slightly  drooping  and  moderately  long. 
The  chine  is  remarkably  open,  giving  a  decided  saw-like  feeling  to  the  back. 
The  withers  are  very  sharp  and  thin,  while  the  chest  midway  between  the 
brisket  and  the  top  of  the  shoulder  is  broad,  giving  ample  room  for  the  immense 
lung  power  required  in  the  digestion  of  the  quantity  of  food  which  the  cow 
consumes.  There  is  a  decided  droop  in  the  back  between  a  point  one-third  of 
the  distance  from  the  top  of  the  shoulders  to  the  hip  bone  and  the  rise  of  the 
pelvic  arch.  The  ribs  are  open,  and  the  distance  from  the  last  rib  to  the  point 
of  the  hip  bone  is  fourteen  inches.  The  hips  and  loin  are  fairly  strong  and 
rounded.  The  height  of  the  cow  at  the  shoulder  is  four  feet  and  ten  inches;  at 
the  hips  five  feet.  The  udder  has  a  very  long  connection  with  the  body,  extend- 
ing well  up  to  the  vulva  behind,  and  a  good  distance  in  from,  as  is  shown  by 
the  photograph.  There  is  a  strong  development  of  the  umbilical  region  and 
the  milk  veins  are  long  and  tortuous;  ending  without  extension  in  large  milk 
wells.  The  thighs  are  somewhat  thin,  but  not  cathammed.  Her  skin  is  mellow 
and  unctuous. 


RECORDS— For  one  day 106  75  Ibs.  milk,      3.22  Ibs.  fat. 

For  seven  days 726.25  Ibs.  milk,    20.47  Ibs.  fat. 

For  thirty  days, 2,985.50  Ibs.  milk,    82. 16  Ibs.  fat. 

For  three  hundred  and  fourteen  days,  17,043.45  Ibs.  milk,  469.31  Ibs.  fat. 
Average  per  cent  of  fat  for  year,  2.75;  per  week,  2  31  to  3.42. 

In  disposition  she  is  uniformly  quiet,  docile  and  motherly,  an  enormous 
eater,  never  being  off  her  feed,  and  not  dainty  in  her  appetite. 

Although  the  weather  was  extremely  cold  during  the  latter  days  of  Febru- 
ary and  early  March,  which  immediately  succeeded  the  birth  of  her  calf,  she 
was  kept  in  the  box  stall  shown  in  the  cut  without  further  protection  from  the 
extreme  cold  than  was  afforded  by  the  battened  boards  and  loose  door.  When- 
ever the  days  were  pleasant  and  sunshiny  she  was  allowed  to  exercise  in  the 
barnyard,  and  visited  the  water  trough  for  her  water  supply.  Indeed,  the 
doors  of  her  stall  were  frequently  left  open  as  the  cow  gave  every  evidence  of 
enjoyment  of  the  keen  and  invigorating  air. 

She  was  milked  thrice  daily,  at  4.30  a.  m.,  and  12.30,  and  again  at  8.30 
p.  m.,  by  the  same  milker. 


MICHIGAN   AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE.  89 

It  is  a  matter  of  course  that  these  records  were  not  made  without  generous 
feeding.  During  the  winter  the  cows  had  silage  made  from  several  varieties  of 
dent  corn,  mixed,  fairly  glazed  when  cut  and  perfectly  preserved  in  the  silo; 
a  grain  mixture  composed  of  100  parts  corn  meal,  75  parts  oat  meal  and  25  parts 
bran;  old  process  oil  meal,  mangels  and  hay.  In  summer  there  was  pasture, 
green  fodder  and  grain.  For  the  week  ending  March  27,  Rosa  Bonheur  5th  ate 
an  average  daily  ration  of  59.22  pounds  dry  matter,  which  contained  6.30  pounds 
digestible  protein,  31.34  pounds  digestible  carbohydrates  and  2.34  pounds  digest- 
ible fat.  For  the  sixty-three  days  ending  April  24,  Rosa  consumed: 

5,181  pounds  silage  at  $2.00  per  ton, $5.18 

755.5  u  corn  meal  at  $19.00  per  ton 7.18 

566.63  "  oat  meal  at  $16.00  per  ton, 4.53 

188.87  "  wheat  bran  at  $14.00  per  ton, 1.32 

398  "  oil  meal  at  $22.75  per  ton, 4.53 

1,867  "  mangels  at  $2.50  per  ton, 2.33 

63  "  hay  at  $6.00  per  ton, 19 

Total, $25.26 

During  this  period  her  milk  contained  167.75  pounds  of  butter  fat,  thus 
making  its  average  food  cost  15.07  cents  per  pound,  equivalent  to  12.92  cents 
per  pound  for  butter.  Prof.  Smith  gives  her  credit  for  4,497  pounds  skim  milk 
(85  per  cent  of  total  yield),  at  20  cents  per  hundred  pounds  and  says  it  was 
worth  more  than  this  to  feed  to  pigs.  Deducting  the  credit  for  skim  milk,  the 
food  cost  of  the  butter  fat  was  9.16  cents  per  pound,  equivalent  to  7.85  cents 
per  pound  for  butter. 

When  at  pasture  Rosa  had  21  pounds  daily  of  the  grain  mixture  before 
referred  to. 


CHAPTER  XIII. 

IN   PUBLIC  COMPETITION— BREEDERS'   GAZETTE   CUP. 

Those  early  victories  which  called  public  attention  to  the  wonderful 
abilities  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  cows  are  very  pleasant  memories  to  veteran 
breeders.  The  first  was  the  winning  of  the  Breeders'  Gazette  Challenge  Cup 
by  a  Holstein-Friesian  in  1883.  This  was  the  special  prize  offered  by  the 
Breeders'  Gazette,  for  the  greatest  butter  yield  for  any  thirty  consecutive  days 
between  July  1,  1882,  and  July  1,  1883.  This  contest  it  will  be  remembered  was 
a  close  one  between  the  Holstein-Friesian  cow  Mercedes  and  the  Jersey  cow 
Mary  Ann  of  St.  Lamberts,  the  yield  of  the  former  showing  99  Ibs.  6. 1-2  oz.  of 
unsalted  butter  for  thirty  days,  and  the  latter's  yield  being  97  Ibs.  8 1-2  oz.for  the 
same  period.  The  evidence  submitted  in  each  case  was  referred  to  a  committee 
consisting  of  Hon.  John  Landrigan,  president ;  Hon.  John  P.  Reynolds,  ex- 
president,  and  Hon.  D.  P.  Gilham,  also  ex-president  of  the  Illinois  State  Board 
of  Agriculture,  all  of  the  above  named  gentlemen  being  members  of  the  state 
board,  and  men  of  unquestioned  integrity.  The  substance  of  the  report  is  as 
follows  :  The  undersigned,  to  whom  was  refered  the  matter  of  awarding  the 
silver  cup  offered  by  the  Breeders'  Gazette,  "to  the  owner  of  the  cow  that  shall 
produce  the  largest  yield  of  butter  for  thirty  consecutive  days,  between  the 
1st  of  July,  1882,  and  the  first  day  of  July,  1883,"  beg  leave  to  'report  that  the 
following  entries  have  been  made  for  the  premium  :  The  Jersey  cow  Mary  Ann 
of  St.  Lamberts,  9770,  and  the  Holstein-Friesian  cow  Mercedes,  723. 

The  affidavits  show  the  yield  of  unsalted  butter  made  from  the  milk  of  the 
competing  animals  during  the  test  of  thirty  days,  to  be  as  follows  :  Mercedes, 
99  Ibs.  6  1-2  oz. ;  Mary  Ann  of  St.  Lamberts,  97  Ibs.  8  1-2  oz. ;  in  favor  of  Mercedes, 
1  Ib.  14  oz.  The  silver  cup  is  awarded  the  owner  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  cow 
Mercedes,  her  record  being  1  Ib.  and  14  oz.  better  than  that  of  Mary  Ann  of  St. 
Lamberts. 

At  the  Fat  Stock  and  Dairy  Show  in  1885,  the  Minnesota  State  Fair  in  1886, 
the  Iowa  State  Fair  of  the  same  year,  the  Western  Michigan  Agricultural  and 
Industrial  Society's  Fair  in  1887,  and  again  at  the  Chicago  Fat  Stock  and  Dairy 
Show  in  1887  were  memorable  triumphs  where  Holstein-Friesian  butter  was 
awarded  first  prize  in  strong  competition  with  Jersey  butter. 

Especially  notable  competitions  where  the  Holsteins  were  awarded   first 
7 


90 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


prizes  in  competition  with  Jersey  cows  for  making  the  most  butter  in  a  stated 
time,  were  at  the  Chicago  Fat  Stock  Shows  of  1885  and  1887,  at  the  Ohio  State 
Fair  in  1887,  and  the  Minnesota  State  Fair  of  the  same  year. 

These  tests  have  been  public  and  open  to  the  world. 

The  famous  Madison  Square  Garden  Show,  officially  the  New  York  Dairy 
and  Cattle  Show  of  1887,  was  a  most  sweeping  Holstein  triumph.  First,  second 
and  third  prizes  for  quality  of  butter  were  awarded  to  this  breed.  The  com- 
petitive tests  for  amount  of  butter  were  easily  won,  though  under  some 
disadvantages.  It  will  be  remembered  that  the  Holstein-Friesian  cows  passed 
almost  the  entire  day  in  the  show  ring,  yet  began  a  victorious  test  thirty 
minutes  after  returning  to  their  stalls. 

The  history  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  cow  when  placed  in  competition  with 
other  breeds  is  most  remarkable  and  satisfactory  to  her  admirers.  During  the 
period  of  years  ranging  from  the  time  when  public  tests  upon  fair  grounds  were 
looked  upon  with  so  much  favor  in  1886  and  up  to  1891,  when  such  contests  were 
openly  discouraged  by  the  Association  of  Exhibitors  of  Live  Stock,  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  cow  was  victorious  as  a  butter  producer  in  all  sections  of  the  country 
where  exhibited.  In  1893  she  was  not  present  at  the  World's  Columbian  Exposi- 
tion, from  the  failure  of  management  of  those  having  her  interests  in  charge. 

But  her  absence  at  this  great  contest,  regrettable  as  it  was,  took  nothing 
from  her  inherent  qualities  as  a  butter  cow,  and  but  little  from  her  public 
esteem.  In  the  system  of  officially  authenticated  butter  records  established  in 
1894  by  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  America,  a  method  was  found 
whereby  unimpeachable  tests  could  be  conducted. 

Of  the  results  of  these  tests  which  have  annually  been  conducted  since, 
Mr.  W.  J.  Gillett  has  made  a  most  valuable  comparison  which  we  give  in  full: 


Name  of  Animal. 

• 
EC 

•< 

Pounds 
and  oz. 
of  milk 
pr'duced 
in  one 
week. 

AT. 
per 
ct. 
fat. 

4.27 
3.96 
3.52 
2.97 
4.92 
3.00 
4.02 
3.02 
3.44 
3.55 
4.84 
3.48 
3.41 
3.74 
3.53 
3.62 
3.15 
3.25 
3.57 
3.32 
3.59 
3.13 
2.98 
3.34 
3.84 

Total 
w'k's 
at, 
bs. 

Am't 
butter 
80  pr. 
cb.  fat, 
Ibs. 

Value 
of 
butter 
at  40c. 
per  Ib. 

Value 
ofskim 
milk 
at  20c. 
per 
lOOlbs. 

Value 
of 
butter 
and 
skim 
milk. 

Cost 
of  all 
food 
con- 
sum  d 
dur'g 
w'k's 
test. 

Net 
profit 
above 
food 
cost, 
butter 
at  40c. 
perlb. 

Net 
profit 
above 
food 
cost, 
butter 
at  25c. 
per  Ib. 

Mutual  Friend  3d,.  
DeKol  2d, 

ill 
7 
& 
6 
6 
8 
4 
4 
4 
4 
G 
4 
0 
4 
7 
4 
5 

s 

7 
7 

7 
11 
4 

409    3 
536  12 
585    2 
682 
409    8 
625    2 
361 
548    8 
509    6 
492    2 
361 
465 
412    8 
412  10 
353    6 
387    2 
439    9 
412  12 
361    4 
388  14 
343    4 
385    2 
592    8 
452  11 
316    5 

17.472 
21.261 
20.608 
20.270 
20.129 
18.790 
14.496 
16.590 
17.522 
17.482 
17.470 
16.187 
14.348 
15.445 
12.485 
14.012 
13.824 
13.400 
13.312 
12.900 
12.320 
12.137 
17.658 
15.120 
12.134 

21.840 
26.T.76 
25.760 
25.337 
25.161 
23.487 
18.120 
20.737 
21.902 
21.852 
21.837 
20.233 
17.935 
19.306 
15.606 
17.515 
17.280 
16.750 
16.640 
16.250 
15.400 
15.171 
22.072 
18.900 
15.167 

8  8.74 
10.63 
10.30 
10.13 
10.06 
9.39 
7.25 
8.29 
8.76 
8.74 
8.73 
8.09 
7.17 
7.  -72 
6.24 
7.01 
6.91 
6.70 
6.66 
6.50 
6.16 
6.07 
8.83 
7.56 
6.07 

$   .654 
.858 
.936 
1.091 
.654 
1.000 
.578 
.877 
.814 
.787 
.578 
.744 
.659 
.659 
.564 
.619 
.702 
.659 
.578 
.621 
.549 
.616 
.947 
.723 
.506 

$  9.394 
11.488 
11.236 
11.221 
10.714 
10.390 
7.828 
9.167 
9.574 
9.527 
9.308 
8.834 
7.829 
8.379 
6.804 
7.629 
7.612 
7.359 
7.238 
7.121 
6.709 
6.686 
9.777 
8.283 
6.576 

$2.85 
2.69 
3.92 
2.68 
2.80 
1.46 
.99 
1.46 
2.24 
2.24 
2.24 
2.24 
.99 
.99 
2.24 
2.24 
1.69 
.99 
2.84 
2.24 
2.24 
2.24 
1.92 
1.24 
1.69 

$6.544 
8.800 
7.316 
8.541 
7.914 
8.930 
6.838 
7.707 
7.334 
7.287 
7.068 
6.594 
6.839 
7.389 
4.564 
5.389 
5.922 
6.369 
4.398 
4.881 
4.469 
4.446 
7.857 
7.043 
4.886 

S3.  264 
4.812 
3.456 
4.745 
4.144 
5.411 
4.118 
4.601 
4.049 
4.010 
3.797 
3.562 
4.152 
4.495 
2.225 
2.757 
3.332 
3.856 
1.898 
2.443 
2.15'J 
2.168 
4.545 
4.208 
2.607 

Mutual  Friend  2d  

Kosa  Bonlieur  5th  
Canary's  Mercedes  

Houwtje  D  , 

Netherl'd  Pietertje  Princ's 
Bell  Sarcastic, 

Inka  4th's  Pietertje  Rose, 
Pietertje  Hengerveld,  
NannetteSd's  Pledge  
Netherland  Hengerveld,  .  . 
Helena  Burke,               * 

Jessie  Beets,         

Weitske's  Pappoose,  
Netherland  Sada  
Neth.  M.  A.  Constance,  .  .  . 
Aaggie  B  , 

Aulinda2d  

Zur  2d, 

Woodland  Queen  

Bibiana's  Pet, 

Johanna  5th, 

Schoone»  

Countess  Clothilde, 

Totals, 

11.242  10 



496.834 

$198.71 

$17.973 

$216.683 

$51.36 

$165.325 

$90.814 

The  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  America  at  its  annual  meeting  in 
March,  1894,  for  the  purpose  of  stimulating  and  awakening  breeders  to  a  lively 
interest  in  the  Holstein  Cow  as  a  butter  producing  machine,  passed  the 
following  resolution : 

"Resolved,  That  the  board  of  officers  be  authorized  to  offer  not  to  exceed 
$1,000  in  prizes  for  authenticated  weekly  butter  records  made  under  the 
supervision  of  the  superintendent  of  Advanced  Registry,  or  some  inspector  des- 
ignated by  him,  or  made  under  the  direction  of  the  officer  of  some  experiment 
station  or  state  institution  of  some  state  ;  such  tests  to  be  made  on  the  basis  of 


"  , 


92  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 

the  rules  for  admission  to  the  Advanced  Registry,  and  must  be  entered  in 
that  registry.  The  amount  offered  to  any  one  cow  not  to  exceed  $50  ;  and  then 
the  prizes  to  decrease  in  amount  in  ratio  to  such  records.  Such  prizes  to  be 
offered  for  various  ages,  as  in  Advanced  Registry  rules." 

This  prize  list  brought  out  from  the  Holstein-Friesian  camp  thirty-five  cows 
and  heifers  that  were  officially  tested  and  entered  for  prize  competition.  Of  this 
number  ten  were  two-year-old  heifers,  ten  were  three  and  four  years  old  and 
the  remaining  fifteen  were  from  five  to  eleven  years  old. 

For  the  purpose  of  further  ascertaining  for  his  own  satisfaction  as  a 
dairyman  and  breeder  the  actual  value  of  a  fair  type  of  the  Holstein-Friesian 
cow,  the  writer  has  spared  no  pains  to  secure  an  accurate  statement  of  the 
amount,  kind  and  cost  of  food  consumed  by  each  animal  in  this  test,  over  the 
age  of  three  years,  incidentally  demonstrating  to  the  dairy  public  that  the  large 
black-and-white  cow  is  not  only  capable  of  producing  a  large  amount  of  milk 
and  butter,  but  that  she  is  capable  of  doing  it  profitably  and  economically,  so 
much  so  that  the  following  table,  showing  results  of  the  test,  demonstrates 
conclusively  again  the  oft-repeated  statement  of  those  owners  of  Holstein- 
Friesian  cattle  who  are  business  dairymen,  that  had  the  Holstein  cow  been  in 
the  Columbian  tests  she  would  have  been  an  outstanding  winner,  when 
comparing  the  amount  of  butter  produced,  the  cost  of  its  production,  and  the 
net  profit. 

In  making  the  calculations  of  this  table,  the  cost  of  production  was  figured 
on  the  basis  of  its  actual  food  cost  when  purchased,  or  at  its  market  value  if 
raised  upon  the  farm  owned  by  the  competitor.  In  some  cases  the  cost  of  the 
different  foods  consumed  by  the  Holsteins  exceeds  that  fed  at  the  Chicago  test, 
and  vice  versa,  but  as  a  whole  the  prices  average  about  the  same.  My  purpose, 
however,  is  not  to  assume  the  same  cost  of  feed  as  established  by  Chief 
Buchanan  for  the  Chicago  test,  but  I  have  ascertained  from  the  different 
breeders  having  animals  in  the  Advanced  Registry  test,  the  actual  food  cost  of 
producing  the  results,  so  that  we  know  exactly  what  each  cow  earned  for  her 
owner  during  the  week  under  test. 

It  is  but  fair  to  state  that  the  entire  number  of  animals  mentioned  in  this 
list  represent  only  six  breeding  establishments  of  America,  and  that  there  are 
many  other  herds  from  which  animals  could  have  been  selected  that  would 
have  been  expected  to  produce  records  of  the  same  excellent  character. 

It  will  be  noticed  the  following  list  contains  but  twenty-five  animals  of  the 
thirty-five  tested,  the  ten  two-year-old  heifers  being  omitted  so  there  may  be  a 
more  direct  comparison  with  the  twenty-five  fully  mature  cows  (Jerseys)  in 
the  dairy  test  at  Chicago.  There  were  sixty-four  mature  Jersey  cows,  selected 
as  the  best  representatives  of  that  breed,  sent  to  the  Jersey  barn  at  Chicago, 
and  of  this  number  at  least  forty-seven  calved  in  their  new  quarters,  which, 
more  than  anything  else,  makes  a  cow  feel  at  home  among  new  and  unusual 
surroundings.  From  the  above  number  the  final  twenty-five  cows  were 
selected  to  enter  the  ninety  days'  test,  hence  it  appears  that  the  twenty-five 
Jerseys  reached  nearer  the  very  best  producers  of  the  breed  than  do  the  twen- 
ty-five Holstein  cows,  from  the  fact  that  of  the  twenty-five  Holsteins  ten  were 
only  three  and  four  years  old.  Many  of  the  leading  herds  were  not  represented, 
and  many  were  tested  when  it  was  convenient  for  the  different  experiment 
stations  to  send  a  man  to  supervise  the  tests.  It  is,  therefore,  a  question 
whether  there  was  a  Holstein  animal  tested  when  actually  at  her  best.  On  the 
other  hand,  the  Jerseys  were  most  of  them  in  the  fifteen,  ninety  and  thirty 
days'  tests,  and  we  find  greater  latitude  to  select  from  the  results  of  their  every- 
day performance  yields  of  a  more  extraordinary  character.  In  short,  the  week 
each  Holstein  was  tested,  she  may  or  may  not  have  been  at  her  best. 

At  Chicago  the  butter  was  credited  to  the  cows  at  from  forty  to  fifty  cents 
per  pound,  and,  for  the  purpose  of  comparison,  in  this  table  the  butter  of  the 
Holsteins  is  credited  at  the  lowest  Chicago  test  price  of  forty  cents  per  pound. 
I  desire  here  to  venture  an  opinion  that  a  test  conducted  on  a  basis  of  fictitious 
and  ridiculously  high  prices  for  the  product  is  not  a  test  of  greatest  value  to  the 
average  well-to-do  dairyman,  because  not  one  in  100  can  find  a  market  at  forty 
to  fifty  cents  per  pound  for  butter.  However,  if  fair  for  one  breed  to  assume 
such  a  value  for  its  product,  it  is  fair  for  others,  and  there  can  be  no  compar- 
ison otherwise.  In  this  table  will  also  be  found  a  column  showing  "net  profit 
with  butter  at  twenty-five  cents  per  pound,"  which  will  give  our  readers  a 
practical  view  of  the  worth  of  the  Holstein  cows  when  brought  down  to  attain- 
able prices. 


GILLETT'S  COMPARISONS.  93 


The  butter  of  the  Holsteins  was  calculated  by  the  rule  established  at  Chi- 
cago of  80  per  cent  fat.  Eighty  pounds  of  skim-milk  in  the  Holstein  test  are 
credited  to  every  100  pounds  whole  milk,  and  the  skim  figured  at  twenty  cents 
per  100  pounds;  and  the  fact  that  the  tests  were  personally  and  directly  super- 
vised by  representatives  of  different  experiment  stations  or  state  institutions 
of  the  state  from  which  the  cows  were  entered  establishes  the  absolute  accu- 
racy of  these  tests  by  the  highest  authority. 

In  the  Chicago  test  the  cows  were  credited  four  and  one-half  cents  per 
pound  for  every  pound  increase  in  live  weight,  which  factor  is  not  taken  into 
account  in  the  Holstein  test;  and  another  point  of  no  little  importance  is  that 
the  Jerseys  were,  in  the  language  of  the  chairman  of  the  testing  committee, 
"watched  over  with  the  greatest  care,  and  handled  with  the  most  wonderful 
skill,"  and  the  Holsteins  received  their  ordinary  care  by  herdsmen,  many  of 
them  comparatively  unskilled. 

The  total  seven  days'  milk  of  the  twenty-five  Holstein'  cows  was  11,242.63 
Ibs.,  an  average  of  64.24  Ibs.  per  day.  The  average  milk  per  Jersey  cow  per  day 
for  the  first  week  of  the  ninety  days'  test  at  Chicago  was  36.6,  which  is 
exceeded  by  the  Holsteins  by  29.64  Ibs.  per  cow  per  day. 

The  total  week's  butter  of  the  twenty-five  Holsteins  is  496.83  Ibs.,  an  aver- 
age of  19.87  Ibs.  per  week,  or  2.83  Ibs.  per  cow  per  day.  The  average  amount 
of  butter  produced  by  the  Jerseys  in  the  ninety  days'  test  was  170  96  Ibs.,  or  1.89 
Ibs.  per  cow  per  day,  which  is  exceeded  by  the  Holsteins  by  .93  Ibs.  per  cow 
per  day. 

The  food  cost  of  one  pound  of  butter  for  the  Holsteins  was  10.33  cents  and 
that  of  the  Jerseys  13.75  cents  per  pound,  from  which  it  will  be  seen  that  the 
Holsteins  produced  a  pound  of  butter  by  over  three  cents  cheaper  per  pound 
than  did  the  Jerseys. 

The  highest  net  profit  per  day  of  any  cow  in  the  ninety  days'  test  was  that 
of  Brown  Bessie,  of  eighty-one  cents.  The  average  net  profit  per  day  of  the 
entire  twenty-five  Holsteins  was  ninety-four  cents  per  cow,  and  coming  down 
to  a  practical  and  reasonable  basis  of  twenty-five  cents  per  pound,  we  find  the 
average  net  earning  of  the  entire  number  of  Holsteins  to  be  fifty-one  cents  per 
day,  which  is  conclusive  evidence  that  the  Holstein  cow  can  yield  a  handsome 
profit,  and  is  not  an  expensive  cow  for  the  dairyman  of  this  country  to  keep. 

The  highest  week's  yield  in  butter  during  the  ninety  days'  test  was  that  of 
Brown  Bessie  of  20.163  pounds,  which  is  exceeded  by  twelve  of  the  twenty-five 
Holstein  cows,  and  of  these  one  cow  was  three  years  old,  and  four  were  only 
four  years  old. 

The  best  day's  production  of  butter  of  any  cow  in  the  ninety  days'  test  was 
that  of  Brown  Bessie  of  3.48  pounds.  The  best  twenty-four  hours'  yield  of  any 
Holstein  was  that  of  De  Kpl  2d  of  4.308  pounds. 

During  the  World's  Fair  test  only  eight  times  was  a  yield  made  of  upward 
of  three  pounds  of  butter  in  a  day,  and  in  the  Holstein  tests  ten  of  the  twenty- 
five  cows  average  over  three  pounds  per  day  for  the  entire  week. 

It  has  often  been  hurled  at  us  that  our  breeders  dared  not  enter  into  the 
Columbian  dairy  test  to  compete  with  other  daiiy  breeds  where  cost  of  produc- 
tion was  to  be  taken  into  consideration;  for  my  own  satisfaction  I  have  made 
careful  analyses  of  both  tests,  taking  into  consideration  every  point  that  would 
give  each  breed  justice  and  fair  play,  and  have  made  my  calculations  from  facts. 

I  think  the  advantage  of  the  Holsteins  being  tested  at  home,  though  per- 
haps not  entirely,  is  in  a  measure  offset  by  some  points  which  favor  the  Jerseys; 
viz.,  scientific  feeding,  a  longer  time  tested,  and  a  better  representation  of  the 
highest  producing  cows  of  the  breed.  Anyway,  from  the  conditions  under 
which  both  breeds  were  tested,  whether  on  an  equal  basis  or  not,  I  find  the 
Holsteins  produced  more  milk,  made  more  butter  per  cow  and  at  a  less  cost  than 
did  any  of  the  breeds  in  the  World's  Fair  test,  and  this  by  a  very  strong  lead;  so 
strong  that  any  one  examining  the  above  table  must  concede  that  the  Holsteins 
produce  milk  and  butter  profitably,  and  the  facts  here  set  forth  hardly  warrant 
the  comments  which  have  been  made  by  thoughtless  people  and  owners  of  rival 
breeds  for  not  entering  our  breed  in  the  World's  Fair  dairy  test. 

We  also  present  a  copy  of  the  awards  made  by  the  Holstein-Friesian  Asso- 
ciation of  America  in  1895  and  1896,  in  tabulated  form,  a  study  of  which  will 
repay  the  seeker  for  truth  as  to  the  abilities  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  cow  as  a 
butter  producer. 


94 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


These  scientific  tests  have  awakened  great  interest  not  only  among  breeders 
but  among  dairy  scientists  the  world  over.* 

There  seems  but  one  way  to  present  this  mass  of  testimony  of  Holstein  vic- 
tory, and  that  is  to  chronologically  arrange  and  report  each  test  in  as  full  detail 
as  space  will  permit. 

The  list  of  victories  begins  with  the  Minnesota  State  Fair  at  St.  Paul  in 
September,  1886. 

Those  who  were  fortunate  enough  to  attend  this  fair  will  always  recall  with 
pleasure  the  magnificent  appearance  of  the  three  hundred  dairy  cattle  upon 
exhibition.  It  was  a  Holstein  day,  both  in  the  general  exhibition  and  the  butter 
tests.  The  Holstein  herds,  in  a  ring  of  fourteen  dairy  herds  consisting  of  five 
Jersey  herds,  one  Ayrshire,  one  Swiss,  and  five  Devons,  were  awarded  first  and 
third  prizes,  while  second  place  was  taken  by  the  Jerseys.  The  awards  were 
made  by  Hon.  W.  D.  Hoard,  editor  of  Hoard's  Dairyman. 

The  greatest  interest  centered  in  the  premiums,  first,  second  and  third,  that 
were  offered  for  cows  from  whose  milk  the  most  butter  is  made.  Mr.  D.  W. 
Curtis  was  the  chairman  of  the  committee  conducting  the  tests.  There  were 
eight  Jerseys  entered  and  tested,  one  grade  Jersey  and  seven  registered 
Holsteins. 


COLANTHA,  No.  6714  H.  H.  B. 

Imported.    Milk  record  at  three  years  old,  12,057  Ibs.  8  oz.  in  ten  months.    Butter  record 
31  Ibs.  7  oz,  in  seven  days. 

The  first  prize  went  to  the  great  cow  Tritomia  upon  a  yield  of  2.393  Ibs.  of 
butter;  24.86  Ibs.  of  milk  making  one  pound  of  butter.  Second  prize  was 
awarded  to  Eijaneta  and  the  third  to  Mink. 

This  test  was  the  first  of  the  year.  A  prominent  Jersey  breederf  had  sug- 
gested competition  of  this  sort.  He  hoped  that  "the  Holstein  men  would  not 
show  the  white  feather  this  fall,  but  would  enter  their  cows  against  the  Jerseys 
in  the  butter  tests  to  be  made  at  the  prominent  Western  fairs  this  fall,  so  that 
a  proper  relative  comparison  could  be  made  between  the  two."  The  editor  of 
Hoard's  Dairyman  said,  in  accounting  for  the  test,  "It  should  be  borne  in 
mind  that  the  Jerseys,  owing  to  their  extreme  'nervous  character,'  were  pecu- 
liarly affected  both  in  milk-flow  and  richness  by  the  excitement  upon  being  on 
exhibition."  A  slight  investigation  would  have  shown  that  all  the  Jerseys  but 


*See  tables  at  back  of  book. 


tV.  E.  Fuller. 


IOWA  STATE  FAIR,    1886— NEW  YORK  DAIRY  SHOW,  1887.  95 

one  were  entered  from  Minnesota.  The  longest  distance  traveled  was  less  than 
100  miles.  All  of  the  Holsteins  entered  were  from  Iowa,  and  were  on  board 
cars  not  less  than  twenty-four  hours.  It  will  be  noted  that  the  eight  Jersey 
cows  made  a  total  of  6.15  Ibs.  of  butter  from  one  day's  milk,  while  the  seven 
Holsteins  made  a  total  of  10.035  Ibs.  of  butter  from  one  day's  milk.  Accepting 
Mr.  Hoard's  theory,  a  large  allowance  would  have  to  be  made  for  the  extreme 
nervous  character  of  the  Jersey  breed. 

At  the  Iowa  State  Fair  of  1886  occurred  another  victory  for  the  Holsteins. 
There  were  only  two  entries — a  Jersey  cow  from  the  herd  of  Richardson  Bros., 
of  Davenport,  la.,  and  a  Holstein  cow  from  the  Home  Farm  Company,  of  Hamp- 
ton, la.  The  Holstein  cow  was  loaded  at  Minneapolis  on  Saturday  afternoon, 
and  was  not  unloaded  until  reaching  Des  Moines  on  Monday  evening.  Messrs. 
Richardson  had  their  cow  on  the  grounds  a  week  previous  to  the  test,  which 
commenced  on  Tuesday  morning.  The  report  of  the  judge,  Mr.  C.  E.  Frink, 
shows  that  the  Holstein  cow  made  in  three  days  4.51  Ibs.  of  butter,  while  the 
Jersey  succeeded  in  making  in  the  same  period  1.13  Ibs.  of  butter,  and  was  then 
withdrawn,  presumably  to  recuperate  from  the  unusually  heavy  strain  upon 
her  nervous  energy. 

An  interesting  dairy  test  was  held  at  the  West  Virginia  State  Fair,  also  in 
the  fall  of  1886.  The  entries  at  the  start  embraced  seven  aged  cows  and  four 
two-year-olds  from  three  different  breeds.  Of  the  eleven  head  all  but  two  were 
Holsteins,  the  others  being  Red  Polled  and  Jerseys.  The  results  show  that  the 
contest  was  a  close  one  and  that  not  a  cow  in  the  lot  failed  to  do  credit  to  her 
breed.  The  testers  were  directed  to  make  the  awards  to  the  cows  furnishing 
the  greatest  quantity  of  cream,  a  fact  which  prevented  the  award  in  all  cases 
accompanying  the  highest  percentage  of  cream.  The  management  of  the  test 
was  in  the  hands  of  P.  L.  Kimball  of  the  Vermont  Farm  and  Machine  Co.,  in 
whose  dairy  apparatus  the  milk  was  set  and  to  Mr.  Kimball  is  due  the  accuracy 
with  which  the  many  details  were  kept  in  hand.  The  cows  and  pails  were 
numbered  and  when  the  work  was  finished  Mr.  Kimball  and  his  assistant  had 
to  be  furnished  a  key  before  they  could  tell  which  cows  were  victorious. 

The  winner  of  the  first  prize,  aged  class,  was  Nora  of  Oatfield,  a  four-year- 
old  Holstein  whose  yield  of  milk  was  83.3  pounds  showing  a  percentage  of 
17.45  cream.  The  second  prize  was  awarded  to  the  three-year-old  cow  Princess 
of  Lunenburg  upon  a  yield  of  70.10  Ibs.  of  milk  showing  17.75  per  cent  cream. 
In  the  class  of  two-year-olds  the  first  prize  was  won  by  Isidore,  a  Jersey  with  a 
yield  of  62.10  Ibs.  of  milk  showing  17.64  per  cent  cream.  The  second  prize 
went  to  a  Holstein,  Durkje  V  of  Ohio,  upon  a  yield  of  66.9  Ibs.  of  milk  containing 
15.52  per  cent  cream. 

The  year  1887  marks  an  era  in  the  history  of  public  competitions  among 
dairy  cattle  breeders.  In  the  middle  of  February  of  that  year  a  number  of 
gentlemen  interested  in  dairy  cattle  met  in  New  York  and  arranged  for  a  dairy 
show  to  be  held  at  the  Madison  Square  Garden,  New  York  City,  May  10  to  14. 
They  guaranteed  a  fund  of  $20,000  and  decided  to  offer  premiums  for  all  dairy 
breeds  and  also  dairy  products.  Mr.  Edward  Burnett  was  the  president,  Mr. 
John  I.  Holly  represented  the  Jersey  cattle,  Mr.  E.  F.  Bowditch  the  Guernseys, 
Francis  H.  Appletpn  represented  Ayrshires,  and  the  Hon.  Gerrit  Smith  Miller 
the  Holstein-Friesians.  These  gentlemen  fulfilled  the  duties  of  their  several 
offices  successfully  and  called  out  an  exhibition  of  dairy  cattle  that  had  never 
before  been  equalled  in  point  of  numbers  or  high  quality.  With  the  cattle 
themselves  we  have  but  little  to  do  at  this  time.  Sixteen  animals  were  entered 
in  this  test  and  twelve  actually  competed,  of  which  five  were  Jerseys,  one 
Guernsey  and  six  Holstein-Friesians,  the  prize  being  a  sweepstakes  for  the  best 
butter  cow  of  any  breed,  the  one  producing  the  largest  quantity  of  butter 
during  twenty-four  consecutive  hours.  The  details  of  the  test  are  indeed 
meagre,  in  comparison  with  the  tests  of  the  present  day.  It  will  be  seen  that 
it  was  won  by  a  cow  from  a  family  which  has  since  become  world  famous  and 
highly  esteemed  as  a  butter  producing  family. 

AMOUNT   OF  BUTTER.  FAT. 

Clothilde  (Holstein), .  2  Ibs.    7 1-2  oz.  77.55 

Clothilde  4th  (Holstein) .  .  2               1-4  81.51 

Gold  Lace  (Jersey) .  .  1          141-3  8452 

Jessie  L.  Manor  (Guernsey), .  .  1          14 1-2  84  05 

Mechtchilde  (Holstein), .  .  1           14  76.75 

Lady  Fay  (Holstein), .  .  1           10 1-2  81  98 

Hilda  H.  3d  (Jersey),     .......  .1  93-4  78.33 

I.  Chrissie  (Jersey),       .......  .  .  1             83-4  83.65 

Mooike  3d  (Holstein), 123-4  82  98 


96  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 

When  Clothilde  astonished  the  dairy  world  by  this  great  performance 
many  explanations  were  attempted  by  incredulous  and  envious  persons. 
Public  favor,  with  this  victory,  largely  turned  toward  the  Holstein-Friesians 
and  every  argument  was  resorted  to,  to  show  that  the  Holstein  was  not 
valuable  nor  profitable.  We  heard  of  "nervous  theories,"  "musical  disturb- 
ances," "carelessness  on  the  part  of  the  Jersey  people,"  "unfairness  on  the  part 
of  the  Holstein  men,"  to  account  for  the  accident.  That  the  full  capacity  of 
this  great  cow,  Clothilde,  was  not  shown  in  the  test,  is  demonstrated  by  the 
fact  that  after  being  in  the  show  ring,  her  yield  continued  increasing  until 
May  31,  when  she  gave  in  one  day,  in  three  milkings,  101  Ibs.  2  oz.,  and  made 
a  seven  days  test  of  28  Ibs.  2  1-4  oz.  of  butter  ;  23.66  Ibs.  of  milk  making  a  pound 
of  butter.  *  She  ate  about  12  Ibs.  of  grain  per  day,  consisting  of  two  parts  corn 
meal,  one  part  ground  oats,  two  parts  wheat  bran  with  a  little  oil  meal.  She 
was  on  good  pasture  and  had  a  little  green  rye  when  she  would  eat  it. 

Holstein-Friesian  breeders  were  not  surprised  by  the  victory.  They  had 
implicit  faith  in  their  cattle  and  only  looked  for  an  opportunity  to  demonstrate 
to  the  world  the  superiority  of  their  favorite  over  the  Jersey  as  general  dairy 
cattle.  The  New  York  Dairy  Show  furnished  a  long  looked  for  opportunity  and 
Holstein  breeders  made  the  most  of  it.  One  of  the  pleasant  episodes  of  this 
show  was  that  an  elegant  horn  cup,  handsomely  trimmed  with  silver  and 
engraved  with  the  picture  of  a  Jersey  cow,  had  been  donated  by  a  well  known 
Jersey  breeder  to  be  awarded  to  the  sweepstakes  cow.  It  was  remarked  that 
the  engraving  upon  the  cup  had  been  a  little  premature. 

Prizes  offered  for  quality  of  butter  both  first,  second  and  third,  were  also 
awarded  to  butter  made  from  Holstein-Friesian  milk. 

An  amusing  incident  occurred  at  a  lunch  in  the  Garden  attended  by  the 
expert  butter  judges  from  Iowa  and  the  noted  Mr.  Jackson  from  Boston.  This 
lunch  was  being  enjoyed  after  the  judges  had  performed  their  arduous  task  of 
awarding  the  prizes.  Judge  Jackson  was  asked  by  an  innocent  if  there  was 
any  difference  in  the  quality  of  Jersey  and  Holstein  butter,  and  in  a  detailed 
and  elaborate  manner  kindly  answered  the  inquiry  showing  conclusively  wherein 
it  was  impossible  for  Holstein  butter  to  equal  that  of  his  favorites,  the  Jerseys 
and  Guernseys.  Judge  Jackson  was  as  ignorant  as  a  babe  of  the  fact  that  the 
butter,  to  which  he  had  just  awarded  three  prizes,  designated  by  numbers  only, 
was  made  by  Mr.  F.  C.  Stevens,  of  Attica,  N.  Y.,  from  Holstein  milk. 

The  Ohio  Farmer  said:  "The  triumph  of  the  Holstein  cow,  Clothilde,  over 
the  Jerseys,  at  the  recent  New  York  Dairy  Show,  was  a  severe  blow  to  the 
little  Jerseys,  and  a  boom  for  the  Holsteins.  Seven  Jerseys  and  two  Guernseys 
were  pitted  against  six  Holsteins  in  the  sweepstakes  for  the  largest  quantity  of 
butter  produced  during  the  twenty-four  hours  competition.  The  Jerseys  were 
all  of  famous  blood  and  record  and  the  general  expectation  was  that  they  would 
win.  The  Jersey  Bulletin  in  its  last  week's  issue  skirmishes  around  lively  to 
find  out  '  who  struck  Billy  Paterson.'  It  accounts  for  the  failure  of  the  Jerseys 
on  the  ground  that  they  are  of  a  higher  and  more  nervous  organization.  The 
Holsteins  are  Dutch  cattle,  you  know,  and  are  therefore  of  a  dull,  phlegmatic 
temperament.  A  band  of  music,  which  played  incessantly,  was  the  cause  of 
the  whole  trouble.  Holsteins  like  music  and  Jerseys  don't.  It  makes  the 
latter  nervous,  while  the  former  will  close  their  eyes  and  chew  the  cud  of  sweet 
contentment  as  they  listen  to  the  familiar  strains  of  '  Yankee  Doodle '  or 
'  Peek-a-Boo.'  They  have  probably  become  accustomed  to  this  in  the  beer 
gardens  of  their  native  country.  Another  possible  reason  for  the  unexpected 
result  is  that  the  building  was  too  hot  and  it  may  be  that  Jerseys  can't 
stand  heat  as  well  as  Holsteins.  This  should  be  looked  after  and  at  the  next 
show  let  music  be  banished  from  the  building  and  the  proper  temperature 
maintained." 

At  the  Ohio  State  Fair  in  1887  twelve  cows  were  entered,  eight  being  Hol- 
steins, two  Ayrshires  and  two  Jerseys.  Three  of  the  Holsteins  were  drawn  on 
account  of  injury  to  udder,  and  the  "others  because  of  coming  in  heat: 

The  first  prize  was  awarded  to  Mollie  Anderson,  whose  yield  of  milk  was 
142  Ibs.  3  oz.,  containing  29.1  oz.  of  cream  from  which  was  made  4.12  Ibs.  of 
butter.  The  honor  of  this  prize  was  shared  with  Nora  of  Oatfield, whose  yield  of 
milk  was  137.3  Ibs.— containing  34  Ibs.  9  oz.  of  cream,  making  4.12  oz.  of  butter. 
The  next  highest  cow  in  this  test  was  an  Ayrshire,  Lucy  Wood,  whose  milk 
yield  was  134  Ibs.  10  oz.,  containing  21  Ibs.  3  oz.  of  cream,  from  which  was  made 
4  Ibs.  9  oz.  of  butter.  The  largest  Jersey  yield  was  2  Ibs.  15  oz.  of  butter,  and 


MINNESOTA   STATE   FAIR,    1888— BAY   STATE  FAIR,    1889. 


97 


the  next  largest  2  Ibs.  9  oz.  Prize  for  the  best  quality  of  butter  in  this  test  was 
awarded  a  Holstein  cow  named  Katinka.  Amount  of  the  prize  was  $35.00. 

At  the  Minnesota  State  fair  in  1888  an  official  test  was  made  of  twenty-four 
Ifours  for  dairy  cows,  which  resulted  in  giving  the  first  and  third  premiums  to 
Holstein-Friesian  cows  and  the  second  prize  to  a  Jersey.  The  first  prize  was 
won  by  Lena  Twisk,  whose  milk  yield  was  54  Ibs.  12  oz.;  butter,  2.16  Ibs.  The 
yield  of  the  Jersey  cow  was  38  Ibs.  8  oz.  of  milk  and  1.85  Ibs.  butter.  Third 
prize  to  Almee  was  on  a  record  of  38  Ibs.  4J-  oz.  of  milk  and  a  yield  of  1.26  Ibs.  of 
butter.  In  this  test  fourteen  head  competed,  including  four  Jerseys,  one  Guern- 
sey and  nine  Holsteins.  Professor  Short's  oil  test  was  used. 

At  the  Iowa  State  Fair  of  1888  the  State  Dairy  Commissioner,  Hon.  D.  H. 
Sherman,  conducted  a  comparative  test  for  the  best  butter  cow.  The  period 
was  a  single  day,  three  Jerseys  were  entered  and  four  Holsteins.  First  prize 
was  awarded  to  the  Holstein  cow  Bettina  on  a  yield  of  1.90  Ibs.  of  butter.  The 
second  to  the  Holstein  cow  Rijaneta,  who  made  1.49  Ibs.  butter,  and  the  third 
to  a  Jersey  whose  yield  was  1.42  Ibs.  butter.  Professor  Short's  method  was  used 
under  Mr.  Sherman's  supervision. 


DE  KOL  2D,  No.  734  H.  F.  H.  B.;  412  ADVANCED  REGISTRY. 

Butter  record,  33  Ibs.  6oz.  in  seven  days;  largest  one  day's  record,  6  Ibs.  6  1-2  oz.    Milk  record 
73  Ibs.  in  one  day;  1,843  Ibs.  4  oz.  in  thirty  days. 

At  the  Bay  State  Fair  held  in  1889  sweepstakes  prizes  were  offered  for  the 
best  milch  cow  of  any  age  or  breed,  and  the  best  butter  cow.  Three  entries 
were  finally  made  in  each  test,  including  one  Ayrshire,  one  Jersey  and  four 
Holsteins.  We  extract  the  following  from  Mr.  James  Cheeseman's  official  report: 

The  competition  for  the  best  milch  cow  promised  to  be  of  more  than  com- 
mon interest,  but  on  Saturday  evening  when  the  time  arrived  for  stripping  the 
cows  preparatory  to  the  two  milkings  of  Sunday,  from  which  the  test  for  milk 
and  butter  were  to  be  taken,  eleven  out  of  the  seventeen  entered  were  with- 
drawn. The  milk  from  the  six  cows  was  sampled  morning  and  evening  for 
analysis,  and  the  whole  of  the  milk  of  the  Jersey  cow  and  the  two  Holsteins  was 
separated  twice  to  exhaust  the  butter  fat.  The  morning  and  evening's  cream 
obtained  from  each  cow's  milk  were  mixed  and  ripened  at  68  degrees  until  2 
o'clock  on  Monday.  The  creams  were  churned  with  a  weak  brine  at  a  temper- 
ature of  62  degrees  and  the  following  butters  were  obtained:  Queen  of  the  Hill, 
Holstein,  gross,  25  oz.,  net  fat,  17.90  oz.;  Delia  Carr,  Jersey,  gross,  21.5  oz.,  net 
fat,  17.50  oz.;  Mink,  Holstein,  gross,  14.5  oz.,  net  fat,  11.22  oz. 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


CHEMICAL  ANALYSES  OF  BUTTER. 


Water, 
Butter  fat, 
Caseine, 
Salt,     . 


1st  Holstein. 

26.67 

71.60 

1.30 

.43 


100.00 


Jersey. 
18.63 
80.05 

1.32 
100.00 


Holstein. 

20.59 

77.37 

1.40 

.64 

100.00 


As  the  quantity  of  butter  churned  out  was  a  smaller  proportion  of  the  milk 
than  the  jrield  shown  by  the  analysis  of  the  milk,  it  was  thought  fairer  to  base 
the  awards  on  the  chemical  results.  The  awards  are  based  on  the  following 
table,  which  gives  each  cow's  score  in  the  last  column,  according  to  the  follow- 
ing scale  of  points:  For  each  pound  of  milk  solids,  8  points;  for  each  pound  of 
butter  fat,  30  points;  for  each  twenty  days  elapsed  since  calving,  1  point;  for 
each  twenty  days  of  gestation,  1  point. 

ANALYSES  OP  TEST  COWS1   MILK— JUDGE'S  AWARD.      SWEEPSTAKES   FOR  THE  BEST  MILCH 
COW  OF  ANY  AGE   OR  BREED. 


Breed. 

.  , 

•* 

1 

! 

o 

1 

p" 

1 

II 

ll 

«j5 

31 

i 

| 

1 

&3 

1 

Ayrshire, 

36 

1  033 

1299 

4  67 

3  35 

1  20 

35 

14 

7604 

Holstein,     

58 

1.0305 

11.81 

6.85 

3.08 

1.78 

53 

110.04 

Holstein,     

46.5 

1.0325 

11.61 

5.14 

2.33 

1.08 

20 

— 

74.66 

SWEEPSTAKES  FOR  BEST   BUTTER   COW   OF  ANY  AGE  OR  BREED. 


Jersey,    
Holstein, 

30.5 
44  5 

1.032 
1  031 

14.19 
1062 

3.33 

4  72 

4.26 
1  89 

1.29 

84 

51 
28 

- 

76.07 
64  44 

Holstein,     

53.5 

1.0335 

12.08 

6.46 

2.43 

1.30 

37 

— 

92.55 

The  special  premiums  offered  by  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of 
America  in  1889  were  awarded  and  paid  as  follows :  To  the  Home  Farm  Fine 
Stock  Company,  of  Hampton,  la.,  first  premium  for  the  best  butter  cow  tested 
at  the  Iowa  State  Fair,  §70.  To  same  for  third  best  butter  cow  at  the  same 
fair,  $20.  To  the  Friesland  Live  Stock  Company,  of  Aberdeen,  Dak.,  for  best 
butter  cow  tested  at  the  Dakota  Territorial  Fair,  $66.66.  To  I.  C.  Wade,  of 
Jamestown,  Dak.,  for  the  second  best  butter  cow,  $33.34.  To  W.  M.  Chapin, 
of  Sheffield,  Mass.,  for  the  best  butter  cow  tested  at  the  Bay  State  Fair,  $50. 
To  W.  A.  Russell,  of  Lawrence,  Mass.,  for  cow  producing  the  largest  amount 
of  milk  at  the  Bay  State  Fair,  $50.  To  B.  Waddell,  of  Marion,  O.,  for  duplicate 
premiums  awarded  the  steer  Ohio  Champion  at  American  Fat  Stock  Show, 
greatest  gain  per  day,  $50.  Best  Holstein-Friesian  steer  under  one  year,  $30. 
Sweepstakes,  $75.  Mr.  Waddell  also  was  awarded  the  first  prize  for  cost  of 
production,  which  will  entitle  him  to  $50  more.  To  F.  C.  Stevens,  of  Attica, 
N.  Y.,  for  duplicates  of  premiums  on  butter  awarded  at  the  Buffalo  Interna- 
tional Fair,  first  on  granulated  butter,  $60.  Second  on  thirty-pound  package, 
$50.  Second  on  package  of  five  to  ten  pounds,  for  delivery  unbroken  to  con- 
sumer, $30.  Second  on  prints,  $30.  To  N.  J.  Leavitt,  of  Waseca,  Minn.,  for 
duplicate  of  special  butter  prize  at  Minnesota  State  Fair,  $15.24.  To  Frank  A. 
Leavitt,  of  Waseca,  Minn.,  for  duplicate  of  special  butter  prize  at  Minnesota 
State  Fair,  $14.72.  To  Jere  Allis,  of  Isinours,  Minn.,  for  duplicates  of  the  fol- 
lowing premiums  awarded  at  the  American  Fat  Stock  and  Dairy  Show  at 
Chicago,  111.:  First  on  Holstein-Friesian  butter,  $6.  Second  on  dairy  butter 
made^in  Minnesota,  $5.  To  Ogden  Cole,  of  Addison,  Mich.,  for  duplicates  of 
premiums  at  same  exhibition,  first  and  second  on  Michigan  butter,  $15.  To  the 
Home  Farm  Fine  Stock  Company,  of  Hampton,  la.,  second  premium  on  dairy 
butter  made  in  Iowa,  $5.  Second  premium  on  Holstein-Friesian  butter,  $3. 

In  the  year  1889  only  one  first  prize  was  won  by  a  Jersey  in  public  dairy 
tests.  Holsteins  won  all  others. 

We  present  a  full  list  of  the  awards  of  Special  Premiums  offered  by  the 
Holstein-Friesian  Association  for  1889  in  public  competition  as  below  tabulated: 


SPECIAL  PRIZES   OF   1889. 


99 


LIST  OF  COWS  WINNING  FIRST  PREMIUM  IN  MILK  TESTS  AT  STATE  FAIRS  AND  EXPOSITIONS  OF  1889. 


FAIR. 

o 

NAME  AND  No.  OF  ANIMAL. 

11 

OWNER. 

Buffalo                         ' 

""a 

7 

.... 

8 
9 

"l4 
"*5 
'"9 

Lutscke,  8356  H.  H.  B.,      

73  12 

66  13 
66    5 
67  15 
65    8 
65    7 
65 
64        % 
59    8 
58  14 
49  12 
49    4 

F.  C.  Stevens. 
Chas.  Robinson  &  Son. 
Home  Farm  Co. 
H.  E.  Moore. 
W.  C.  Munson. 
F.  C.  Stevens. 
Home  Farm  Co. 
H.  P.  Smith. 
N.  J.  Leavitt. 
F.  C,  Stevens. 
O.  A.  Bowen. 
W.  C.  Munson. 

New  England,  .     .    . 
Nebraska,     .... 
Kansas,     

Mabel  Douglass,  1109  H.  H.  B.,      .     . 
Rijaneta,  1131  H.  H.  B.,    
Empress  Josephine  3d,  1995,      .     .     . 
Nicole,  5154  H.  H.  B  
May  Overton,  2810  H.  H.  B.,      .    . 
Bettina,  2466  H.  H.  B  
Auke,  364  D.-F.  H.  B  
Pet  Texelaar  3d,  7429  H.  H.  B.,     . 
Mechtchilde,  6716  H.  H.  B  
Mooike  of  Kentucky,  1985  H.  H.  B.,  . 
Nicole,  5154  H  H  B  ,    

Detroit      

Chicago  Fat  Stock,  . 
Iowa     

Michigan,      .... 
Minnesota,    .... 
Detroit,     

West  Virginia,  .    .    . 
Ohio,     

Marjorie  Daw,  1839  H.  H.  B  ,    .     .     . 
Neeltje  Wit,  2075,      

45  13 
32 

C.  W.  Horr. 
J.  W.  Howard. 

Texas 

The  Association  National  Prize  of  a  gold  medal  and  $100  for  the  greatest 
twenty-four-hour  milk  record  at  any  State  Fair  or  Exposition  of  1889,  was 
awarded  to  F.  C.  Stevens,  of  Attica,  N.  Y.,  on  his  cow,  Lutscke,  8356  H.  H.  B., 
record  73  Ibs.  12  oz. 

The  Premium  of  $50  for  the  second  best  twenty-four-hour  milk  record  made 
at  any  State  Fair  or  Exposition  of  1889,  was  awarded  to  Messrs.  Chas.  Robinson 
&  Son,  Barre  Plains,  Mass.,  on  their  cow,  Mabel  Douglass,  1109  H.  H.  B.,  rec- 
ord 68  Ibs.  13  oz. 

LIST  OF  COWS  WINNING  FIRST  PREMIUM  IN  BUTTER  TESTS  AT  STATE  FAIRS  AND  EXPOSITIONS  OF  1889. 


FAIR. 

Entries. 

NAME  AND  No.  OF  ANIMAL. 

1 

OWNER. 

o 

O 

fc 

J 

Buffalo 

4 

Tirannia,  6716  H.  H.  B.,     

3.12 

F.  C.  Stevens. 

Buffalo,     

Alberta  Abbekerk,  9579  IL  H.  B.,      . 

2.62 

F.  C.  Stevens. 

Minnesota, 

14 

Pet  Texelaar  2d,  7429  H.  H.  B.,     .    . 

2.37 

N.  J.  Leavitt. 

South  Dakota,  .    .    . 

4 

Agie  Abbekerk.  9591  H.  H.  B.,  .     .     . 

2.34 

I.  C.  Wade. 

Ch  icago  Fat  Stock  ,    . 
Mississippi,  .... 
Nebraska,     .... 
Detroit,     

8 
"'B 

May  Overton,  2810  H.  H.  B.,      ... 

2.26 
2.25 
2.23 

2.19 

F.  C.  Stevens. 
J.  W.  Howard. 
Home  Farm  Co. 
F.  C.  Stevens. 

Neeltje  Wit,  2075  
Ri.ianeta.  1131  H.  H.  B.  
Alberta  Abbekerk,  9579  H.  H.  B.,      . 

Iowa,    

9 

Bettina,  2466  H.  H.  B.  

2.09 

Home  Farm  Co. 

Detroit,     

Parthenia,  9567  H.  H.  B.,  

2.06 

F.  C.  Stevens. 

Michigan,      .... 
Kansas,    
Georgia,    

7 
5 

Coquette,  909  H.  H.  B.,      
Empress  Josephine  3d,  1995,     .    .     . 
Mooike  of  Kentucky,  1885  H.  H.  B  , 

2. 
2. 

1.68 

T.  D.  Seeley  &  Co. 
H.  C.  Moore. 
O  A.  Bowen. 

Ohio  

6 

Julia  Clifden  Mercedes,  2730,    .     .     . 

1.54 

W.  H.  S.  Foster. 

The  Association  National  Prize  of  a  Gold  Medal  and  $100  for  the  greatest 
twenty-four-hour  butter  record  made  at  any  State  Fair  or  Exposition  of  1889, 
was  awarded  to  F.  C.  Stevens,  Attica,  N.  Y.,  on  his  cow,  Tirannia,  6716  H. 
H.  B.,  record  3.12  Ibs. 

The  Premium  of  $50  for  the  second  best  twenty-four-hour  butter  record 
made  at  any  State  Fair  or  Exposition  of  1889,  was  awarded  to  F.  C.  Stevens, 
Attica,  N.  Y.,  on  his  cow,  Alberta  Abbekerk,  9579  H.  H.  B.,  record  2.62  Ibs. 

Mr.  H.  C.  Palmer  thus  comments  upon  the  dairy  test  of  1889  at  Nebraska 
State  Fair  :  "The  Nebraska  State  Board  of  Agriculture  provided  a  committee 
to  conduct  a  public  test  of  dairy  breeds  at  our  recent  state  fair. 

"The  committee  were  practical  dairymen,  fully  acquainted  with  and  daily 
using  the  methods  employed  in  this  test,  one  being  secretary  of  the  Nebraska 
Dairymen's  Association  and  another  operating  the  largest  creamery  in  the 
state.  The  test  was  carefully  conducted  and  furnishes  an  array  of  facts 
perfectly  reliable. 

"The  committee  desired  to  ascertain  : 


PUBLIC   COMPETITIONS,   1889.  101 

"1st — The  amount  of  butter  each  cow  would  give  (as  shown  by  Short's 
system  of  computing  butter  fat). 

«'2d — The  amount  of  full  cream  cheese  a  cow  would  make  (as  a  total  solid 
in  chemical  analysis) . 

"3d — The  amount  of  milk  each  cow  gave  by  weight. 

"4th — The  amount  of  feed  consumed  to  produce  the  above  result. 

"Some  seven  Jerseys  and  six  Holsteins  actually  commenced  in  the  test,  but 
five  Jerseys  withdrew  on  account  of  the  poor  showing,  and  the  Holstein  heifer 
Blanch  S.  was  sick  from  complications  following  calving  and  should  have 
been  withdrawn  in  justice  to  the  Holstein  men. 

"Average  live  weight,  Jerseys  740  Ibs.,  Holsteins  1,190  Ibs. 

"Average  days  since  calving,  Jerseys  65  days,  Holsteins  110  days. 

"Average  daily  butter  yield,  Jerseys  .85  Ibs.  per  cow,  Holsteins  1.85  Ibs. 
per  cow. 

"Average  daily  milk  yield,  Jerseys  19.75  Ibs.  per  cow,  Holsteins  54.50  Ibs. 
per  cow. 

"Average  daily  yield  of  cream  cheese,  Jerseys  2.57  Ibs.  per  cow,  Holsteins 
6.52  Ibs.  per  cow. 

"Now  if  we  increase  the  average  yield  of  each  Jersey  by  60  per  cent  to 
correspond  with  the  average  difference  in  live  weight  between  the  Jerseys  and 
/Holsteins,  when  we  find  that  pound  for  pound  of  live  weight  a  Holstein  cow 
110  days  from  calving  will  produce  40  per  cent  more  butter,  70  per  cent  more 
cheese  and  75  per  cent  more  milk  than  a  Jersey  cow  65  days  after  calving. 
That  is,  a  Holstein  man  owning  six  cows  weighing  7,140  Ibs.  in  all,  could  sell 
about  70  per  cent  more  butter,  cheese  and  milk  than  a  Jersey  man  owning  ten 
cows  weighing  7400  Ibs.  in  all. 

"As  to  food  consumed  the  test  shows  nothing  beyond  statements  of  the 
owners.  It  was  utterly  impossible  for  the  committee  to  stand  guard  over  the 
various  cows  for  three  days  to  see  what  they  consumed,  and  one  Jersey  man 
making  no  report  a  comparison  is  not  possible. 

"The  vast  superiority  of  the  Holsteins  in  both  average  yield  and  yield 
relative  to  size  will  naturally  drive  the  Jersey  men  to  consider  the  amount  of 
'food  consumed.' 

"Now,  gentlemen,  this  is  not  the  question.  The  true  statement  is  this: 
Each  of  the  six  Holstein  cows  in  the  test  produced  two  and  one-half  times  as 
much  total  solids  as  each  of  the  two  Jerseys,  which  may  have  been  due  to  one 
of  two  causes.  First,  to  a  more  perfect  digestion,  or:  Second,  to  a  larger 
consumption  of  food.  When  we  consider  that  the  length  of  time  required  to 
digest  the  same  kind  of  food  is  about  the  same  in  all  cows,  it  proves  that  a 
Holstein  could  hold  more  food  and  thus  digest  more  food  than  a  Jersey.  But 
this  would  account  for  a  difference  of  only  60  per  cent  in  yield  while  we 
here  have  a  difference  of  250  per  cent  to  account  for.  It  must  be  that  the 
digestive  apparatus  of  the  Holstein  cow  in  perfection  of  work  and 
domestic  economy  far  surpasses  that  of  the  Jersey,  and  that  all  other 
differences  of  size,  form  and  color  are  not  more  marked  than  this  greatest  of  all 
differences  in  digestive  economy. 

"The  Dutch  are  the  most  thrifty  and  most  economical  people  on  earth. 
They  have  bred  and  culled  their  black-and-white  cattle  for  over  a  thousand 
years,  on  land  worth  hundreds  of  dollars  per  acre.  High  priced  food,  valuable 
room  and  urgent  demands  for  beef  have  been  permanent  factors  continually 
operating  on  this  breed.  No  cow's  life  was  safe  for  a  day  after  she  failed  to 
give  a  good  account  for  her  rations.  The  Dutch  ascribe  their  prosperity  to 
these  black-and-white  cattle.  This  test  would  indicate  that  an  equal  pros- 
perity awaits  the  owners  of  Holstein  cattle  in  Nebraska."  And  he  might  have 
added,  America ! 

The  official  report  of  the  test  of  dairy  cows  made  at  the  Ohio  State  Fair  of 
1889  showed  a  sweeping  victory  for  Holsteins  in  various  classes,  viz.,  for  cow 
producing  the  greatest  amount  of  solids,  including  fat;  for  the  cow  producing 
the  greatest  amount  of  milk;  and  for  the  cow  producing  the  greatest  amount 
of  milk,  including  fat  and  solids.  There  were  nine  entries  in  this  test — one 
Red  Polled,  three  Jerseys,  five  Holstein-Friesians.  The  test  was  conducted  on 
the  grounds,  and  a  chemical  analysis  made  by  H.  A.  Webber,  of  the  State 
Board  of  Agriculture. 

The  results  were  calculated  from  the  chemical  analysis,  and  based  upon  the 
following  rules  :  One  point  for  each  pound  of  milk,  twenty  points  for  each 


102  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


pound  of  butter  fat,  four  points  for  every  pound  of  other  solids,  one  point  for 
every  ten  days  since  calving  after  the  first  twenty  days.  In  the  competition 
for  the  cow  producing  the  greatest  amount  of  butter  fat,  there  were  six  entries 
— three  Jerseys,  two  Holsteins,  one  Red  Polled,  with  points  credited  as  follows: 

Julia  Clifden  Mercedes  (Holstein),  92.48;  Clissie  Coperas  (Jersey),  81.27. 
The  milk  of  Julia  Clifden  Mercedes  analyzed  13.04,  total  solids  showing  3.59 
per  cent  butter  fat,  and  solids  not  fat,  9.45.  Clissie  Coperas'  milk  showed  total 
solids  16.50,  fat  5.61,  solids  not  fat  10.89. 

In  the  competition  for  the  greatest  amount  of  solids,  including  fat,  there 
were  three  Holsteins  and  one  Jersey.  Julia  Clifden  Mercedes  was  awarded 
first  premium  in  this  class  also,  the  table  showing  a  production  of  92.48  for 
fat,  and  solids  not  fat,  48.69;  a  total  of  140.17. 

The  Jersey  yield  was  71.30  fat,  and  43.73  solids  not  fat;  total  115.23.  The 
Holstein  Margery  Daw  won  second  prize,  the  score  being  77.90  fat,  and  47.20 
solids  not  fat;  total  of  125.10.  la  the  competition  for  the  cow  producing  the 
greatest  amount  of  milk,  the  Holstein  had  no  competition,  and  Margery  Daw 
and  Julia  Clifden  Mercedes  took  the  prizes  in  the  order  given. 

In  the  competition  for  the  cow  producing  the  greatest  amount  of  milk, 
including  fat  and  solids,  there  were  three  Holsteins,  one  Red  Polled  and  one 
Jersey.  In  this  Julia  Clifden  Mercedes  was  again  a  winner,  showing  129  points 
of  milk  production,  92.48  on  fat,  48.69  for  solids  not  fat,  and  4.50  for  days  since 
calving;  total  274.67.  The  second  prize  was  awarded  to  Margery  Daw  on  128.50 
points  for  milk  production,  77.90  for  fat,  47.20  for  solids  not  fat,  and  16  for  days 
since  calving,  making  a  total  of  269.60. 

These  records  were  followed  by  the  Red  Polled,  showing  total  points  239.01, 
and  the  Jersey,  showing  222.23. 

The  Nebraska  State  Fair  of  1889  afforded  another  victory  for  the  breed. 
This  test  was  for  three  days.  The  yields  of  Holstein  cows  were  as  follows: 
Jewel  2d  5.88  Ibs.  of  butter,  Rijaneta  5.56  Ibs.  of  butter,  Hortense  5.15  Ibs.  of 
butter  fat,  Empress  Josephine  3d  3.8  Ibs.  of  butter  fat.  The  highest  Jersey 
yield  was  4.43  Ibs.  of  butter  fat. 

At  the  Kansas  State  Fair  in  1889  there  were  seven  entries,  six  Holsteins  and 
one  Jersey.  In  this  test  the  Holstein  cow  Jewel  made  2.1  oz.  butter  ;  Empress 
Josephine  3d  and  4th,  2  Ibs.  each.  Highest  Jersey  yield  was  1.4  oz. 

There  was  a  sweeping  victory  at  the  Iowa  State  Fair  of  1888.  Three  Jerseys, 
one  Red  Polled  and  five  Holsteins  were  entered,  and  the  three  largest  yields 
were  by  the  Holstein  cows,  Bettina,  Jewel  and  Rijaneta,  whose  milk  showed 
butter  fat  respectively  of  2.9,  2.1  and  1.82.  The  highest  Jersey  yield  was  1.38 
and  the  Red  Polled  cow  showed  1.23  Ibs.  of  butter  fat. 

In  South  Dakota  in  1889  there  was  a  one  day's  test  by  the  Lactascope,  two 
Jerseys  and  two  Holsteins  were  entered.  The  per  cent  of  butter  fat  in  the  milk 
of  the  Holsteins — which  won — was  respectively  2.4  and  1.91.  The  largest  Jer- 
sey record  was  1.11. 

The  day's  test  for  dairy  cows  for  butter  at  the  Iowa  State  Fair  of  1&89  was 
a  feature  of  the  show.  No  less  than  nine  cows  were  entered  for  competition, 
three  Jerseys,  five  Holstein-Friesians  and  one  Red  Polled.  The  test  was  made 
by  C.  E.  Frink,  J.  N.  Muncey  and  Prof.  G.  E.  Patrick,  the  chemist  of  the  Iowa 
station.  The  per  cent  of  butter  fat  was  determined  by  Prof.  Patrick's  method. 
There  were  three  premiums  offered  in  this  competition  and  all  three  were  won 
by  Holstein-Friesians  from  the  Home  Farm  Herd  of  Hampton,  Iowa — Bettina 
taking  first  prize  with  a  yield  of  2.19  Ibs.  of  butter  in  twenty-four  hours,  Jewel 
second  with  2.1  Ibs.  and  Rijaneta  third  with  1.82  Ibs.  butter  fat.  This  was  the 
third  year  in  which  the  Home  Farm  Herd  had  supplied  the  winning  cows  in 
this  test.  The  largest  Jersey  record  in  this  competition  was  1.38  Ibs.  of  butter 
fat. 

A  test  was  made  at  Wheeling,  West  Virginia,  in  1889,  which  was  conducted 
by  A.  C.  Magruder,  of  the  State  Experiment  Station.  The  test  was  for  three 
days,  and  the  official  report  shows  the  following:  The  first  prize  for  butter 
was  awarded  to  the  Jersey  cow,  Clissie  Coperas,  whose  yield  was  11.5  Ibs.;  the 
second  prize  went  to  a  Holstein  cow.  Daisy  Kroontje,  whose  yield  was  8.7  Ibs. 
She  was  closely  followed  by  Lady  Netherland,  whose  yield  was  8.3  Ibs.,  by 
Aaggie  4th,  whose  yield  was  7.7  Ibs.,  and  by  Lotisetta,  whose  yield  was  5.1  Ibs. 
The  prize  for  the  largest  amount  of  milk  was  given  to  the  Holstein  cow  Nicole, 
whose  yield  was  138  Ibs.  Total  yield  of  milk  of  the  winning  Jersey  was  71 
Ibs.  5  oz. 


PUBLIC  COMPETITIONS,   1889. 


103 


A  test  of  dairy  cows  at  the  Detroit  Exposition  of  1889  was  conducted  by 
Mark  R.  Seeley,  of  Farmington,  Mich.  None  but  Holstein-Friesian  cows  were 
entered,  and  the  yields  of  butter  in  the  twenty- four  hours  test  were  as  follows : 
Alberta  Abbekerk,  2  Ibs.  3|-  oz.;  Mechtchilde,  2  Ibs.  1  oz.;  Parthenea,  2  Ibs.  1  oz.; 
Tirania,  1  Ib.  13i  oz. 

The  result  of  the  butter  test  at  the  American  Fat  Stock  and  Dairy  Show, 
held  in  Chicago  in  1889,  was  a  substantial  victory  for  the  Holstein  breed.  By 
the  terms  of  the  prize  list,  the  test  was  open  to  all  recognized  recorded  breeds 
of  cattle  to  be  judged  by  the  milk  productpf  three  successive  milkings,  the  value 
of  the  milk  to  be  estimated  from  the  weight  and  tested  butter  qualities.  Jer- 
seys, Holsteins  and  Ayrshires  were  entered  in  the  competition.  The  Holsteins 
gained  first  and  second  place,  the  winners  being  two  of  the  best  known  cows 
of  the  breed  with  unusual  records  for  show-yard  winnings.  The  first  prize 
went  to  May  Overton,  whose  yield  of  milk  was  65  Ibs.  7  oz.,  containing  36.12 
oz.  of  butter  fat,  a  percentage  of  3.45,  and  total  yield  of  solids  120.02  pz.  The 
second  prize  went  to  Schuiling,  whose  yield  was  57  Ibs.  13  oz.  of  milk,  con- 
taining 22.66  oz.  of  butter  fat,  a  percentage  of  2.45,  and  total  solids  of  91.21 
oz.  An  Ayrshire  cow  won  third  prize  with  a  yield  of  32  Ibs.  9^  oz.  of  milk,  show- 
ing 21. 54  oz.  of  butter  fat,  a  percentage  of  4.13,  and  total  solids  of  64.77  oz.  The 
percentage  of  fat  in  the  milk  of  the  three  Holstein  cows  averaged  3.17,  with, a 
difference  of  1.00;  of  the  Ayrshire,  4.04,  with  a  difference  of  .18;  of  the  Jer- 
sey, 5.26,  with  a  difference  of  1.75  per  cent  between  the  highest  and  lowest, 
extreme  difference  being  3.65  per  cent.  The  milk  of  the  Holstein  cow,  Schuil- 
ing was  low  in  per  cent  of  fat  and  total  solids,  although  the  large  yield  of  milk 
made  the  total  amount  of  fat  greater  than  that  produced  by  any  other  of  the 
lot  except  one. 

At  the  Minnesota  State  Fair  of  1889  Holstein-Friesian  cows  won  the  two 
highest  prizes  with  the  following  yields:  Pet  Texelaar  2d,  66|  Ibs.  of  milk,  of 
3.17  per  cent  butter  fat,  yielding  2.12  Ibs.  of  butter.  Nudine  Abbekirk.  58^  Ibs. 
of  milk,  3.65  per  cent  fat,  yielding  1.97  Ibs.  of  butter.  The  dairy  sweepstakes 
for  best  herd  of  dairy  cattle  in  the  state  was  also  awarded  to  a  Holstein-Friesian 
herd,  in  competition  with  Brown-Swiss  and  Jerseys,  and  the  first  prize  for  best 
cow  of  dairy  breed,  as  also  first  prize  for  best  herd  of  dairy  cattle  owned  by  one 
individual  or  firm  was  awarded  to  the  Home  Farm  Company's  animals,  a  very 
superior  herd  of  Holsteins. 


DE  RUITEE,  No.  89  N.  H.  B. 


104  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 

At  the  New  England  Fair  of  1889,  held  at  Worcester,  Mass.,  an  interesting 
single  day  test  was  made.  The  phenomenal  yield  of  milk  of  the  Jersey  cow 
Dandelion,  of  55  Ibs.  5  oz.,  carrying  2  Ibs.  14^  oz.  of  butter,  secured  the  prize. 
The  Holstein  yields  varying  from  1  Ib.  10  oz.  to  1  Ib.  8  oz.  were  very  creditable 
to  the  breed. 

We  make  the  following  excerpt  from  the  official  report  of  the  Ohio  State  test 
of  1890:  "The  second  public  test  of  dairy  cows  on  the  state  fair  grounds  was 
somewhat  of  a  surprise,  not  only  to  visitors  but  to  breeders.  This  test  was  open 
to  all  breeds  without  restriction  and  was  broad  enough  in  its  scope  to  give  all  a 
fair  chance,  providing  as  it  did  for  quantity  of  milk  as  well  as  for  quality. 
Regardless  of  this  fact  none  but  Holstein  herds  were  represented.  Can  it  be 
possible  that  the  Jersey,  the  Polled  Angus,  and  other  fine  stock  breeders  were 
afraid  to  enter  representatives  of  their  herds  against  Holsteins." 

The  number  of  entries  was  five,  all  Holsteins,  entered  by  three  different 
breeders.  The  test  was  conducted  upon  the  grounds  and  covered  a  period  of 
three  days.  The  chemical  analysis  was  made  by  Professor  Webber  of  the  State 
Board  of  Agriculture,  and  the  results  were  calculated  from  the  analyses  and 
points  scored  upon  the  same  rules  as  in  1889.  In  the  competition  for  the  cow 
producing  the  greatest  amount  of  butter  fat  there  were  four  entries,  with 
results  as  follows:  Lady  of  Lyons,  4.81  Ibs.  butter  fat,  96.20  points;  Nudine2d, 
3.51  Ibs.  of  butter  fat,  70.20  points;  Shadeland  Otley.  3.30  Ibs.  of  butter  fat,  66 
points;  Aurania,  3.16  Ibs.  of  butter  fat,  63.20  points.  Lady  of  Lyons  was  awarded 
first  and  Nudine  2d  the  second  premium.  For  the  cow  producing  the  greatest 
amount  of  solids  including  fat  there  were  five  entries,  with  the  following  results 
and  awards  made  in  the  order  given:  Lady  of  Lyons — fat  produced,  4.81  Ibs.; 
points,  96.20;  solids  not  fat— points,  67.96;  total  points,  164.16.  Nudine  2d— fat, 
3.51  Ibs.;  points,  70.20;  solids  not  fat— points,  51.12;  total  points,  121.32.  Shade- 
land  Otley— fat  produced,  3. 30  Ibs.;  solids  not  fat— points,  43.76;  total,  109.76. 
Aurania — fat,  3,16  Ibs,:  points,  63.20;  solids  not  fat — points,  32.84.  Princess 
Kroontje — fat,  1.91  Ibs.;  points,  38.20;  solids  not  fat— points,  35.28;  total  points. 
73.48. 

At  the  Iowa  State  Fair  of  1890  the  dairy  test  was  again  won  by  Holstein- 
Friesian  cattle.  Eight  cows  were  entered  in  the  competition.  Three  Short- 
horns, two  Jerseys  and  three  Holsteins  made  up  the  list  The  same  cows — Bet- 
tina,  Jewel  and  Rijaneta — that  won  in  the  test  last  year  were  again  to  the 
front.  Bettina's  record  was  63|  Ibs.  of  milk  containing  2  Ibs.  of  butter  fat; 
Jewel's  milk  record  was  52f  Ibs.  of  milk,  making  1.67  Ibs.  of  fat:  Rijaneta's 
record  was  55  Ibs.  of  milk,  making  1.66  Ibs.  of  butter.  The  best  Jersey  yield 
was  1.39  Ibs.  fat,  the  best  Shorthorn  1.05  Ibs.  of  fat.  This  test  was  made  with 
the  brine  bath  method,  and  the  committee  consisted  of  State  Dairy  Commis- 
sioner A.  C.  Tupper,  Prof,  G.  E.  Patrick  and  C.  E.  Frink. 

The  usual  "breed  test"  was  held  at  Illinois  State  Fair  in  1890.  There  were 
five  Holsteins,  five  Jerseys,  seven  Ayrshires,  and  two  Shorthorns.  Although  a 
noncompetitive  test,  the  Holsteins  were  the  largest  producers.  The  largest 
Holstein  yield,  and  also  the  largest  of  any  of  the  nineteen  cows,  was  made  by 
Bettina,  showing  2.51  Ibs.  of  butter  fat.  The  second  largest  yield  was  by  Jewel, 
showing  2.18  Ibs.  of  fat.  The  first  prize  for  three-year-old  Holsteins  was  won 
by  Belle  Rijaneta.  with  a  yield  of  1.67  Ibs.  of  butter  fat.  The  largest  Jersey 
yield  was  1.71  Ibs.  of  fat.  The  largest  Ayrshire  yield  was  1.19  Ibs.  of  fat,  and 
the  largest  Shorthorn  yield  was  .95  Ibs.  of  fat. 

Two  very  important  sweepstake  prizes  at  the  Kansas  State  Fair  of  1890,  in 
the  dairy  cattle  ring,  were  for  any  cow  of  any  age  or  breed,  for  butter.  Seven- 
teen entries  were  made,  including  four  Jerseys,  one  Shorthorn  and  seven  Hol- 
steins. The  result  was  determined  by  chemical  analysis  made  by  W.  D.  Church. 
The  first  prize  went  to  the  Holstein  cow  Empress  Josephine  on  a  yield  of  60  Ibs. 
12  oz.  of  milk,  containing  1.89  Ibs.  of  fat.  The  second  prize  was  awarded  to  the 
Holstein  cow  Bessie  I  2d  of  Uplands,  whose  yield  of  milk  was  49  Ibs.  7  oz.,  con- 
taining 1,676  Ibs.  of  butter  fat.  The  third  largest  yield  was  made  by  the  Hol- 
stein Shadeland  Dosky,  of  1.348  Ibs.  of  butter  fat.  The  highest  Jersey  yield 
was  1.24  Ibs.  butter  fat;  the  highest  Shorthorn  giving  .893  Ibs.  of  butter  fat. 

The  milk  and  butter  test  at  the  New  England  Fair  at  Worcester,  Mass.,  in 
1890  presents  some  interesting  points.  The  test  was  for  24  hours,  among  three 
grades,  one  Holstein-Friesian  and  one  Swiss  cow.  The  Holstein-Friesian  led 
in  requiring  less  pounds  of  milk  for  a  pound  of  butter,  while  a  cross  between 
the  pure-bred  Holstein-Friesian  and  pure-bred  Jersey  led  in  quantity  of  milk 


PUBLIC  COMPETITIONS,    1890-1892. 


105 


and  butter,  and  came  in  second  in  the  amount  of  milk  required  for  a  pound  of 
butter.  Her  yield  was  2  Ibs.  9  oz.  The  Holstein  cow  showed  a  pound  of  butter 
to  17f  Ibs.  of  milk,  and  the  grade  a  pound  of  butter  to  19  Ibs.  of  milk. 

At  the  New  York  .State  Fair  of  1890,  a  very  interesting  competition  for  a 
special  butter  prize  of  $100  for  four  cows  of  .any  breed,  three  days'  milking, 
resulted  in  a  victory  for  the  Guernseys,  with  a  yield  of  7  Ibs.  of  finished  butter. 
The  Holsteins  followed  with  a  yield  of  6  Ibs.  11  oz.,  and  the  Jerseys  with  a  yield 
of  5  Ibs.  9  oz.  In  depth  of  color  of  the  butter  the  Guernsey  came  first,  two 
Holsteins  held  second  and  third,  and  the  Jersey  fourth  place.  Finding  that 
the  difference  in  the  weight  of  the  butter  was  very  slight,  the  committee 
decided  to  submit  four  samples  to  the  expert  judge,  to  be  uninformed  as  to  the 
breed  of  cows  that  made  either  lot  of  butter,  and  to  award  the  prize  to  the 
herd  whose  butter  was  pronounced  the  best  in  quality.  As  a  result,  the  judge 
selected  Henry  Stevens  &  Sons'  Holstein-Friesian  butter,  pronouncing  it  best 
in  quality,  grain,  flavoring,  color,  etc.  The  butter  was  made  by  W.  H.  Gilbert, 
a  Jersey  breeder  and  expert  butter  maker,  and  instructor  at  the  New  York 
State  Dairy  Schools. 


Imported. 


DE  SCHOTT,  No.  5001  H.  H.  B.,  AND  TWIN  CALVES. 
Milk  record,  82  Ibs.  4  oz.  in  one  day.     Butter  record,  23  Ibs.  8  oz.  in  one  day. 


The  test  for  milk  cows  at  the  Nebraska  State  Fair  for  1892  was  another 
victory  for  the  Holsteins.  There  were  four  Holsteins  and  one  Shorthorn  in  the 
test.  The  official  report  shows  the  Holstein-Friesian  Empress  Josephine  3d  to 
be  a  winner,  on  a  yield  of  3.31  Ibs.  of  butter  fat;  total  value  of  the  product, 
including  the  skim-milk,  was  98  cents.  Second  prize  was  awarded  to  the  Hol- 
stein-Friesian Geertje  Seffinga.  on  a  yield  of  2.67  Ibs.  of  butter  fat;  total  value 
of  the  product,  80  cents.  The  Shorthorn  yield  was  1.56  Ibs.  butter;  total  value, 
45  cents.  This  was  a  two-days'  test. 

The  Indiana  State  Fair  of  1892  had  a  competition  for  the  best  butter  cow, 
of  any  age  or  breed,  to  be  tested  by  two  milkings  by  the  Babcock  tester.  The 
first  prize  went  to  a  Jersey  cow  showing  1.79  Ibs.  of  butter  fat  from  37.5  Ibs.  of 
8 


106  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE 

milk,  and  the  second  prize  to  cow  of  the  same  breed  showing  1.34  Ibs.  butter  fat 
from  28.75  Ibs.  of  milk.  The  third  highest  yield  was  a  Holstein  showing  1.25 
Ibs.  of  butter  fat  from  43  Ibs.  of  milk.  The  yield  of  milk  by  the  Holsteins  in 
this  case  seems  to  be  a  very  small  one,  varying  from  29  Ibs.  to  43  Ibs. 

Prominent  announcement  was  made  in  1892  of  the  fact  that  the  Ohio  State 
Board  of  Agriculture  would  send  a  competent  man  to  make  tests  of  dairy  cows 
on  owners' farms  under  the  most  favorable  conditions  for  the  best  performance 
of  the  animals.  Entries  in  this  test  to  be  exhibited  in  the  ring  at  the  state  fair 
and  there  the  results  announced.  Professor  Hickman  of  the  State  University 
was  the  official  tester.  Five  Red  Polled  cows  were  tested,  and  one  Holstein, 
Lady  of  Lyons  4th,  and  to  the  latter  was  awarded  the  first  premium  for  the 
largest  amount  of  butter  fat,  also  first  premium  for  the  largest  amount  of  solids 
not  including  fat,  and  the  sweepstakes  for  most  milk,  most  fat  and  most  solids 
were  also  awarded  this  cow.  Yields  being  as  follows:  Butter  fat,  4.74;  solids 
not  fat,  9.46;  total  solids,  14.20.  Mr.  J.  McLain  Smith  commented  as  follows: 
"The  new  Ohio  milk  test  just  closed  is  a  great  disappointment  in  the  number  of 
entries,  but  is  very  creditable  in  the  record  made.  The  first  prize  cow,  Lady  of 
Lyons  4th,  is  far  and  away  the  best  cow  ever  tested  in  the  state,  and  the  aver- 
age of  all  the  cows  and  yields  of  fat  is  much  above  that  of  any  former  test  in 
the  state,  or  in  the  official  test  reported  last  year.  The  most  conspicuous  feature 
of  the  test,  however,  is  the  entire  lack  of  the  breed  that  it  was  intended  specially 
to  attract.  Jersey  breeders  have  objected  to  the  ordinary  fair  ground  tests, 
because,  as  they  claim,  Jersey  cows  do  not  milk  so  well  under  the  excitement  of 
change  of  scene  and  the  crowd  of  people.  In  this  new  Ohio  test  the  cows  were 
not  subjected  to  this  strain,  but  the  trial  was  made  at  her  home  with  the  ordi- 
nary conditions  and  with  her  usual  attendants.  It  was  made  at  any  time  the 
owner  might  select.  In  addition  to  this  the  state  board  offered  the  largest 
money  prize  ever  hung  up  for  a  competition  in  this  country,  yet  not  a  Jersey 
cow  in  the  state  is  found  to  face  the  music.  There  are  very  many  owned  in  the 
state  that  claim  in  private  trials  yields  of  butter  far  in  excess  of  anything 
likely  to  be  made.  The  money  prizes  were  liberal,  the  honor  of  success  would 
be  great,  why  did  they  not  appear  ?  There  were  no  Guernseys,  Ayrshires  or 
Shorthorns  and  their  absence  is  much  to  be  regretted,  but  it  does  not  arouse  so 
much  suspicion  or  so  much  comment,  because  they  have  not  claimed  so  much. 
There  was  only  one  Holstein-Friesian  where  there  should  have  been  ten  or 
twenty,  but  that  one  was  enough  to  redeem  the  breed." 

The  usual  test  at  the  Illinois  State  Fair  of  1892,  competitive  among  animals 
of  the  same  breed,  was  held  with  results  which,  had  there  been  competition 
between  breeds,  would  have  resulted  favorably  for  the  Holsteins.  There  were 
three  Holsteins  over  three  years  old,  and  three  under  three  years  old;  ten  Jer- 
seys over  three  years  old,  and  six  under  three  years  old;  two  Ayrshires  over 
three  years  old,  and  two  under  three  years  old;  one  Brown  Swiss  over  three 
years  old,  and  one  under.  The  yields  of  butter  fat  of  the  three  Holsteins  were: 
Empress  Josephine  3d,  1.696;  Gold  Leaf  2d,  1.509;  Gerben,  1.289.  The  Holsteins 
under  three  years  old  made  1.267,  and  .873,  and  .819  Ibs.  of  butter  fat  respect- 
ively. In  comparison  with  these  records,  the  largest  Jersey  yield  from  cow 
over  three  years  old  was  1.585,  and  the  second  largest  yield,  1.502.  The  largest 
Jersey  record  of  cow  under  three  years  old  was  1.077.  The  largest  Ayrshire 
yield  by  cow  over  three  years  old  was  .787,  and  from  cow  under  three  years 
old,  .64.  The  Brown  Swiss  made  1.137  and  .536  respectively,  for  the  three-year- 
old  and  under  three  years  old. 

A  practical  dairy  test  was  given  at  the  Kansas  State  Fair  in  1892.  The 
cows  entered  consisted  of  four  Jerseys,  two  Holsteins  and  three  Shorthorns. 
The  grand  sweepstakes  for  dairy  purposes  was  awarded  to  the  Holstein  Empress 
Josephine  3d,  on  a  record  of  65  Ibs.  1  oz.  of  milk,  showing  2.625  Ibs.  of  butter. 
The  second  prize  was  taken  by  a  Jersey  with  a  record  of  1.633  Ibs.  of  butter. 
The  Holstein  following  third  with  a  record  of  1.646.  The  Shorthorn  tests  were 
for  two  days,  in  order  to  compete  for  the  special  prizes  offered  by  the  Shorthorn 
Breeders'  Association.  The  winning  yield  was  2.819,  and  the  next  largest,  2.344. 

A  full  official  report  of  a  butter  test  at  the  Wisconsin  State  Fair  of  1892 
developed  some  very  interesting  facts.  The  winner  of  the  sweepstakes  for 
producing  the  most  butter  fat  during  the  time  allotted  was  a  Holstein  cow, 
Aaggie  Beck,  whose  yield  of  milk  was  44.5  Ibs.,  showing  1.56  Ibs.  of  butter  fat. 
The  second  prize  was  won  by  the  Holstein  Aaltje  Salo,  a  four-year-old,  whose 
milk  record  was  38.3  Ibs.,  containing  1.23  Ibs.  of  butter  fat. 


PUBLIC  COMPETITIONS,   1892.  107 

The  Holstein  cow  Schoone  that  took  sweepstakes  at  this  fair  in  1891  had 
not  had  a  calf  since  August,  1891,  but  made  a  remarkable  performance.  Her 
yield  of  milk  was  18.60  Ibs.,  showing  .72  Ibs.  of  butter  fat.  The  Brown  Swiss 
cow  which  competed  for  this  prize  had  been  in  milk  fourteen  months,  and  on  a 
yield  of  19.8  Ibs.  of  milk  made  .99  Ibs.  of  butter  fat. 

J.  McLain  Smith,  the  Red  Poll  breeder,  commented  in  the  Breeders  Gazette 
as  follows  upon  the  tests  of  1892 :  "The  important  tests  for  the  fall  are  all  now 
reported,  and  we  are  able  to  make  a  comparative  study  of  the  results  attained. 
In  these  trials — New  York,  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Wisconsin,  Kansas  and 
Nebraska — we  have  tests  of  seventy  cows  and  heifers,  viz.:  twenty-seven  Jer- 
seys, twenty  Holstein-Friesians,  ten  Shorthorns,  six  Ayrshires,  five  Red  Polls 
and  two  Brown  Swiss.  Quite  a  number  of  these,  however,  were  heifers  milking 
with  first  calf,  and  some  were  cows  very  far  on  in  lactation — milking  a  year  or 
more.  Omitting  these  and  confining  attention  to  the  cows  in  full  milk,  we 
have  the  following  results  by  breeds,  viz.: 

'Sixteen  Holstein-Friesians  average  45. 91  Ibs.  milk,  containing  1.45  Ibs.  fat. 

'Fifteen  Jerseys  average  25.67  Ibs.  milk,  containing  1.27  Ibs.  fat. 

'Ten  Shorthorns  average  31.53  Ibs.  milk,  containing  1.07  Ibs.  fat. 

'  Five  Red  Polls  average  39.07  Ibs.  milk,  containing  1.57  Ibs.  fat. 

'Four  Ayrshires  average  29.75  Ibs.  milk,  containing  1.12  Ibs.  fat. 

'One  Brown  Swiss  gave  35.5  Ibs.  milk,  containing  1.23  Ibs.  fat. 

'  Comparing  individual  cows  the  best  by  far  is  a  Holstein — Empress  Joseph- 
ine 3d,  in  the  Kansas  test — with  a  yield  of  65  Ibs.  1  oz.  of  milk  and  2.62  Ibs.  of 
fat.  And  it  is  not  only  the  best  yield  reported  this  fall,  but  it  is  the  best  ever 
attained  in  a  public  test  in  this  country,  with  the  single  exception  of  the  Brown 
Swiss  cow  Brienz  in  the  Chicago  test  last  fall.  The  second  best  cow  is  also  a 
Holstein-Friesian — Lady  of  Lyons  4th,  in  the  Ohio  test — with  a  yield  of  66  Ibs. 
of  milk,  containing  2.27  Ibs.  of  fat.  But  the  average  made  by  the  breed  does 
not  sustain  these  fine  records,  though  two  of  the  best  cows — Empress  Josephine 
3d  and  Gold  Leaf  2d,  belonging  to  C.  F.  Stone,  Peabody,  Kan. — count  three 
times,  as  they  appear  in  the  Kansas,  the  Nebraska  and  the  Illinois  tests,  and 
were  the  best  of  the  breed  in  each  case.  Indeed,  judging  from  the  entries  in 
the  Western  tests  and  the  records  made,  it  looks  a  little  as  if  there  were  but 
one  herd  of  the  breed  in  that  section  containing  any  very  good  milkers.  Aside 
from  these  two  cows,  the  best  record  made  by  a  Holstein-Friesian  in  the  West 
was  by  Aggie  Beck  in  the  Wisconsin  test  with  a  yield  of  44.5  Ibs.  of  milk,  con- 
taining 1.56  Ibs.  of  fat. 

"Except  the  two  cows  referred  to— Empress  Josephine  3d  and  Lady  of 
Lyons  4th — there  is  no  yield  in  any  of  the  tests  showing  as  much  as  2  Ibs.  of  fat 
from  twenty-four  hours'  milk.  The  best  Jersey  record  was  made  in  the  Indi- 
ana test  by  Esther  Thorne  with  a  yield  of  37.5  Ibs.  of  milk,  containing  1.79  Ibs. 
of  fat.  The  best  Red  Polled  cow  was  Mayflower,  with  a  yield  of  44.11  Ibs.  of 
milk,  containing  1.72  Ibs.  of  fat.  The  best  Shorthorn,  Fillpail  7th,  in  the  New 
York  test,  gave  42  Ibs.  3£  oz.  of  milk,  containing  1.31  Ibs.  of  fat.  The  best 
Ayrshire,  Cordelia,  in  the  Indiana  test,  gave  37.5  Ibs.  of  milk,  containing  1.12 
Ibs.  of  fat.  The  best  Brown  Swiss  was  Mai,  in  the  Illinois  test,  with  a  yield  of 
35.5  Ibs.  of  milk,  containing  1.13  Ibs.  of  fat. 

"  If  we  consider  average  yields  in  the  tests  of  this  fall,  the  Red  Polls  came 
to  the  front  with  their  yield  of  1.57  Ibs.  of  fat.  They  have  the  advantage  in  the 
comparison  in  that  they  were  tested  at  home ;  but  the  same  conditions  were 
offered  the  Jerseys  and  the  Shorthorns  in  Ohio,  and  they  failed  to  respond. 
How  much  advantage  this  is  no  one  knows  certainly.  Two  of  these  same 
cows  were  in  the  public  test  on  the  fair  ground  last  year.  One,  and  the  best 
one,  gave  almost  precisely  rhe  same — 1.71  Ibs.  in  public,  1.72  at  home.  The 
other  cow  was  considerably  better  in  the  home  test,  but  the  difference  is 
believed  to  be  more  in  the  milker  than  in  the  place.  In  the  public  test  she  was 
milked  by  a  boy  not  accustomed  to  her. 

"But  making  reasonable  allowance  for  this,  the  average  of  the  Red  Polls 
would  still  be  the  best,  and  would  show  that  the  breed  is  entitled  to  high  rank 
for  dairy  purposes.  This  becomes  still  more  manifest  if  we  compare  their  rec- 
ord with  that  of  the  Jerseys  at  the  London  Dairy  Show.  In  the  tests  at  this 
show  prior  to  1888,  118  Jerseys  tested  gave  an  average  of  27.87  Ibs.  of  milk,  con- 
taining 1.27  Ibs.  of  fat.  In  the  years  1888  and  1889,  forty-three  Jerseys  gave  an 
average  of  28.41  Ibs.  of  milk  a  day,  containing  1.55  Ibs.  of  fat. 

"  In  this  test  the  prizes  are  awarded  according  to  the  score  made,  based  on 


108 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


the  following  scale  of  points,  viz.:  one  point  for  each  pound  of  milk  in  twenty- 
four  hours  (two  milkings) ,  twenty  points  for  each  pound  of  fat  in  the  milk  as 
determined  by  analysis,  four  points  for  each  pound  of  other  solids,  and  one 
point  for  each  ten  days  since  calving.  I  have  before  me  the  London  Live  Stock 
Journal's  report  for  the  years  of  1887  to  1890,  inclusive.  No  test  was  held  in 
1891  and  that  for  this  year  is  not  yet  received.  In  these  four  years  182  cows 
were  tested,  chiefly  Shorthorns,  Jerseys  and  Guernseys.  The  best  score  made  by 
a  Shorthorn  was  136  points  ;  best  Jersey  score,  117.2  ;  best  Guernsey,  108.1. 

"The  scores  made  in  the  Ohio  test,  according  to  the  same  scale,  would  be 
as  follows:  Lady  of  Lyons  4th,  142.34;  Mayflower,  101.97;  Tina,  95.5;  Lady 
of  Tillershall,  94.52  ;  Linda,  93.29  ;  Coronet,  86.38.  Of  these  the  first  is  a  Hol- 
stein-Friesian,  the  others  Red  Polls. 

"It  will  be  noticed  that  Lady  of  Lyons'  score  exceeds  that  of  any  cow  of 
any  breed  tested  at  the  London  Show.  Of  the  sixty  odd  Jerseys  tested  in  the 
four  years  named  but  one  reached  a  score  of  100  points.  That  was  the  great 
Jersey  cow,  Baron's  Progress — the  world's  champion  of  the  breed  for  butter. 
The  average  of  the  ten  prize  Jerseys  in  these  years — the  pick  of  over  sixty 
tested — is  93.33  points  ;  the  average  of  the  ten  prize  Guernseys  is  89.99  points  ; 
the  average  of  the  five  Eed  Polls  in  the  Ohio  test  is  94.33.  . 


DE  VKIES,  No.  5433  H.  H.  B. 

Milk  record,  95  1-2  Ibs.  in  one  day;  2,404  Ibs.  in  thirty  days. 

thirty  days. 


Butter  record,  121  Ibs.  12  oz.  in 


"The  Red  Polls,  it  will  be  remembered,  are  strictly  general-purpose  cows — 
milk  and  beef  combined.  And  yet  we  are  told  by  our  so-called  dairy  authorities, 
that  in  selecting  dairy  cows  we  should,  of  all  things,  avoid  any  tendency  to  beef ; 
and  some  of  our  experiment  stations  are  sending  out  men  to  preach  this  doctrine 
as  '  science ' !  It  is  pure  '  rot,'  wholly  unsupported  by  any  established  facts.  I 
begin  to  think  a  dairy  cow  may  be  of  almost  any  form.  Certainly  the  public 
records  do  not  sustain  the  claim  that  tho§e  of  a  form  and  capacity  to  lay  on 
flesh  fall  behind.  And  the  best  dairy  cow  I  ever  saw — the  best  the  world  has 
ever  seen,  according  to  the  public  records— the  Brown  Swiss  cow  Brienz— is  as 
far  removed  from  the  so-called  dairy  type  as  it  is  possible  to  conceive." 

There  were  but  few  public  tests  in  1893.  All  were  saving  up  their  forces 
for  the  Columbian  Exposition.  There  was  a  test  at  the  Kansas  City  Interstate 
Fair,  and  the  report  shows  a  Holstein  victory.  The  leading  cow  was  Parana 
Abbekerk,  whose  yield  was  38  Ibs.  12|  oz.  of  milk,  showing  3.45  per  cent  fat. 
She  was  followed  by  Maryke  3d's  Gerben,  whose  yield  of  39  Ibs.  10|  oz.  of  milk 


PUBLIC  COMPETITIONS,    1893-1894.  109 


showed  3.375  per  cent  butter  fat.  The  third  cow  in  the  test  was  a  Jersey,  with 
a  yield  of  24  Ibs.  12  oz.  of  milk,  showing  4.135  per  cent  fat.  The  fourth  cow 
was  also  a  Jersey,  whose  15  Ibs.  14  oz.  of  milk  showed  5.145  per  cent  fat.  The 
Babcock  test  was  also  used  as  a  check  on  one  milking,  the  result  being  that 
the  chemical  test  showed  a  higher  per  cent  fat.  It  is  to  be  noted  that  these 
Holsteins  were  all  three-year-old  heifers. 

Four  Holstein  cows  were  entered  in  the  milk  and  butter  test  at  the  Kansas 
State  Fair  at  Topeka  in  1893.  Several  Jerseys  were  entered  in  this  test,  but 
they  failed  to  show  up  at  the  milking  time,  and  the  prizes  were  left  to  the  Hoi- 
steins,  Netherland  Curran  taking  first,  with  a  yield  of  39  Ibs.  of  milk,  averag- 
ing 4.1  per  cent  butter  fat,  and  showing  2  Ibs.  of  butter;  Princess  Pel's 
Mechtchilde  second,  with  a  yield  of  40  Ibs.  of  milk  of  the  average  per  cent  of 
3.19  fat,  showing  1  Ib.  9£  oz.  of  butter.  Shadybrook  Sylvia,  a  Holstein  heifer 
twenty-two  months  old,  and  in  milk  since  April  of  that  year,  showed  1  Ib.  2f 
oz.  of  butter  in  the  test. 

The  Iowa  State  Agricultural  Society  held  a  dairy  cow  test  at  its  state  fair 
of  1893.  The  Jerseys  took  third  place,  the  Holsteins  first  and  second.  The  first 
prize  cow  was  Marj^ke  3d's  Gerben,  who,  from  a  milk  yield  of  51.237  Ibs.,  made 
1.G28  Ibs.  of  fat,  equivalent  to  2.034  of  80  per  cent  butter.  She  was  followed 
by  Empress  Josephine  3d's  Gerben  with  a  milk  yield  of  48.562  Ibs.,  showing  1.6 
Ibs.  of  fat,  equivalent  to  2  Ibs.  of  80  per  cent  butter.  The  Jersey  yield  was 
.891  Ibs.  of  fat,  equivalent  to  1.114  Ibs.  of  80  per  cent  butter. 

In  1893  there  was  a  two  days'  test  of  milch  cows  at  the  Nebraska  State  Fair. 
The  Holsteins  won  all  the  prizes.  The  awards  were  made  on  the  value  of  the 
milk  for  dairy  purposes,  the  fat  being  counted  at  25  cents  per  pound,  and  the 
skim-milk  15  cents  per  hundred.  On  this  basis,  the  two  days'  product  of 
Empress  Josephine  3d  of  106.11  Ibs.  and  3.30  butter  fat  reached  98  cents  in 
value,  and  she  was  awarded  first  premium.  The  second  prize  went  to  Geertje 
Seffinga,  whose  yield  of  milk  was  92.23  and  2.67  fat,  valued  at  80  cents.  The 
Shorthorn  cow  in  this  test  made  a  showing  of  1.56  fat.  A  detailed  report  of 
this  test  is  found  in  the  proceedings  of  the  Nebraska  Dairymen's  Association 
of  1893. 

At  the  test  of  the  California  State  Fair  of  1894  there  were  eleven  entries. 
The  test  lasted  three  days,  and  the  average  test  made  of  the  butter  fat  in  the 
three  days'  milk  shows  that  the  highest  record  was  by  a  Jersey  cow.  whose 
milk  yield  was  116.75  Ibs.,  showing  6.74  per  cent  fat,  with  a  total  of  7.879  Ibs. 
butter  fat.  The  largest  Holstein  yield  was  by  Rebecca  Egmond  3d,  whose  yield 
of  milk  was  127.36  Ibs.,  with  an  average  percentage  of  3.2  fat,  showing  total 
butter  yield  of  4.076  Ibs.  of  butter  fat.  In  this  test  the  conditions  were  hard  to 
contend  with.  It  is  always  so  when  a  cow  giving  milk  of  an  average  per  cent 
fat  of  6.74  is  found.  Such  cows  are  usually  ranked  with  "hen's  teeth,"  they 
say  in  Vermont. 

However,  some  good  evidence  is  found  in  this  test.  Butter  Witch,  a  two- 
year-old  Holstein,  made  2.13  Ibs.  of  butter,  and  showed  3.78  per  cent  average 
fat.  Korvortje  3d,  another  Holstein,  made  3.876  Ibs.  of  fat  from  milk  showing 
2.96  per  cent.  Competition  in  the  California  test  is  classed  by  ages. 

Wisconsin  State  Fair  dairy  test  of  1894  was  made  at  home,  the  conditions 
being  that  the  four  winning  cows  should  be  exhibited  at  the  fair.  Breeders 
were  obliged  to  make  entry  by  May  20,  and  had  the  privilege  of  selecting  the 
first  ten  days  of  June,  July,  and  August  or  September  for  the  test  of  their  cows. 
Twenty-one  cows  were  entered  by  the  specified  time,  and  included  Red  Polled, 
Shorthorn,  Jersey  and  Holstein-Friesian.  In  September  the  test  narrowed 
down  to  twelve  animals,  and  the  first  premium  of  $100  was  awarded  to  the 
Holstein  cow  Johanna  5th,  on  a  butter  fat  record  of  5  Ibs.  in  two  days.  The 
second  premium  went  to  a  grade  Jersey  and  Ayrshire,  on  a  record  of  4.84  Ibs. 
of  fat;  and  the  third  premium  went  to  the  Holstein  Schoone,  whose  record  was 
4.17  Ibs.  of  fat.  The  fourth  premium  went  to  a  Jersey  on  a  record  of  4.03  Ibs. 
of  butter  fat. 

Johanna  5th  was  fed  22  Ibs.  of  grain  daily,  consisting  of  four  pounds  old 
process  oil  meal,  and  eighteen  pounds  of  a  mixture,  equal  parts  by  measure,  of 
bran,  oats  and  corn,  ground  together.  The  second  prize  cow  was  fed  one  quart 
of  oil  meal,  barley,  oats  and  pea  meal,  and  two  quarts  of  shorts — six  quarts  in 
all,  night  and  morning,  and  four  quarts  of  oats  and  bran,  equal  parts,  at  noon. 
Schoone,  in  addition  to  green  cornstalks  and  hay,  received  eight  pounds  of 
wheat  bran  and  two  pounds  of  hominy  meal  each  day.  The  fourth  prize  Jer- 


B    g 

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PUBLIC   COMPETITIONS,    1894.  Ill 


sey  is  said  to  have  been  fed  a  ration  similar  to  that  given   the  second  prize 
cow. 

The  usual  breed  test  was  held  by  the  Illinois  Agricultural  State  Society  on 
its  grounds  at  Springfield  in  1894.  The  Holsteins  made  records  of  2.94  to  2.52 
Ibs.  of  butter  fat  in  the  two  days  as  compared  with  3.17  Ibs.  of  the  Jersey  and 
3.07  Ibs.  by  the  Ayrshire.  A  Holstein  under  three  years  of  age  made  1.74  Ibs. 
and  1  29  Ibs.  of  butter  fat. 

A  two  days'  butter  test  at  the  Indiana  State  Fair  of  1894  was  won  by  Hol- 
stein-Friesian  cow,  Nahe  2d,  with  a  yield  of  3.1061  Ibs.  of  butter  fat,  which  is 
equivalent  to  2.88  Ibs.  of  commercial  butter.  A  Jersey  cow  was  second  with  a 
yield  of  2.9063  Ibs.  of  butter  fat,  which  is  equivalent  to  3.63  Ibs.  of  commercial 
butter.  Nine  animals  competed  in  the  test,  including  three  Holstein-Friesians, 
one  Guernsey  and  four  Jerseys,  The  Guernsey  yield  was  1.5195,  and  the  Ayr- 
shire 1.5044  Ibs.  of  butter  fat. 

The  Ohio  dairy  test  of  1894  was  open  to  competitors  from  the  middle  of 
January  to  the  30th  of  August.  The  test  was  made  under  the  abnormal  con- 
ditions of  feeding  dry  feed  and  contending  with  the  worst  pest  of  flies  that 
Ohio  had  experienced  for  a  series  of  years.  Three  animals  were  entered,  two 
Holstein-Friesians  and  one  Jersey.  The  Holsteins  were  tested  in  July,  during 
the  very  warmest  and  dryest  weather  of  the  season,  the  Jersey  under  conditions 
equally  as  dry,  but  with  lower  temperature  exsisting  and  with  less  annoyance 
from  flies.  The  first  premium  for  the  largest  yield  of  fat  in  twenty-four  hours 
was  awarded  to  the  Jersey  cow  upon  a  yield  of  2.06  Ibs.  of  fat ;  the  second  to 
the  Holstein-Friesian  Peterina  2d,  upon  a  yield  of  1.66  Ibs.  of  fat. 

The  first  premium  for  the  largest  yield  of  solids  not  including  fat  from 
twenty-four  hours  milk  was  awarded  to  the  Holstein-Friesian  Hilton  Maid  2d, 
on  a  yield  of  5.05  Ibs.  The  second  premium  to  Peterina  2d,  on  a  yield  of  4.83. 
This  test,  like  that  of  1892  and  1893,  was  conducted  at  the  home  of  the  cow, 
at  the  season  and  time  most  suitable  to  her  owner,  and  under  the  same  rules  as 
in  1892  and  1893.  The  representative  of  the  Ohio  Experiment  Station  in  each 
case  saw  the  cow  milked  out  clean,  and  was  present  at  the  morning  and  even- 
ing milkings  of  the  following  day  to  see  the  animal  milked  and  to  weigh  and 
sample  the  milk,  the  analysis  being  made  at  the  Station  on  the  following  day. 
At  the  Iowa  State  Fair  of  1894,  the  prizes  offered  were  $70  to  the  first,  $40 
to  the  second,  and  $20  to  the  third,  for  a  three  days'  test  for  butter  fat,  as  indi- 
cated by  testing  the  samples  of  the  milk  of  each  milking  by  the  Babcock 
method  as  the  basis  of  awards.  The  kinds  and  quantities  of  food  supplied  to  the 
cows  was  part  of  the  requirements,  otherwise  the  owners  had  the  care  and  con- 
trol of  their  cows.  Six  cows  were  entered,  and  one  withdrew  after  the  first 
milking.  There  were  three  Jerseys  and  two  Holsteins. 

The  first  and  second  prizes  were  won  by  Jerseys — Eurodra  and  Beula 
Shawhan,  with  a  milk  yield  of  120.37  Ibs.  and  120.97  Ibs.,  showing  yields  of 
butter  fat  of  4.84  and  4.77.  The  margin  between  these  two  was  so  narrow  that 
the  committee  decided  to  divide  the  first  and  second  money  equally  between 
them. 

The  third  prize  went  to  the  Holstein-Friesian  cow  Bontje  P.  2d's  Gerben 
whose  milk  record  was  133.86  Ibs.,  showing  a  total  of  4.62  Ibs.  butter  fat.  The 
Holstein-Friesian  cow  Harmetka's  Gerben  was  fourth  in  the  list  with  a  yield  of 
113.01  Ibs.  of  milk,  showing  3.49  Ibs.  of  butter  fat. 

The  remarkable  thing  about  this  test  is  the  yield  of  the  milk  of  the  Jersey, 
which  is  the  largest  we  have  ever  seen  recorded  in  a  public  test.  The  grain 
ration  fed  to  the  Holstein-Friesian  cattle  was  eight  and  nine  quarts  each  daily. 
The  winning  Jersey  consumed  nine  quarts  per  day,  and  the  second  prize  Jersey 
had  a  ration  varing  from  eight  to  nine  and  three-quarters  pounds  per  day. 

Nothing  is  said  about  the  weight  of  these  cattle  but  it  is  true  they  were 
very  large  Jersey  cows.  The  difference  between  the  yield  of  the  winning  cow 
and  the  Holstein  which  took  third  was  .15  of  a  pound. 

Prof.  H.  H.  Dean  conducted  the  test  at  the  Provincial  Dairy  Show,  Ganan- 
oque,  Ontario,  in  1894,  of  sixty  hours  duration.  Nineteen  aged  cows  were 
entered,  and  five  three -year-olds.  Of  these  four  were  Jerseys,  two  Guernseys, 
five  were  Ayrshires.  one  described  as  a  grade,  and  six  were  Holstein-Friesians. 
Of  the  three-year-olds,  two  were  Holsteins  and  three  were  Ayrshires. 

The  cows  were  judged  according  to  the  product  only,  as  per  the  following 
scale  :  One  point  for  each  pound  of  milk,  twenty  points  for  each  pound  of  but- 
ter fat,  four  for  each  pound  of  other  solids,  and  one  point  for  each  ten  days  in 


112  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

milk  after  the  first  twenty  days.     Ten  points  were  deducted  from  the  scale  for 
each  per  cent  of  fat  below  three  per  cent. 

The  first,  second  and  third  prizes  were  won  by  Holsteins  in  the  aged  class, 
an  Ayrshire  took  fourth  place,  while  fifth  and  sixth  places  were  taken  by  Hol- 
stein-Friesians,  the  grade  following  seventh,  Holstein  eighth,  Ayrshires  filling 
ninth,  tenth  and  eleventh  places,  Guernsey  twelfth,  grade  cow  thirteenth,  Ayr- 
shire fourteenth,  Guernsey  fifteenth,  and  the  remaining  four  places  by  Jer- 
seys. 

The  winning  Holstein  cow  was  Carmen  Sylvia,  on  a  record  of  261.86  points 
reckoned  from  a  yield  of  138  Ibs.  of  milk,  on  an  average  of  2.80  per  cent  fat, 
showing  3. 827  Ibs.  of  fat  and  12.30  Ibs.  of  solids.  The  cow  taking  second  place 
was  a  Holstein-Friesian,  Eunice  Clay,  with  a  yield  of  103  Ibs.  of  milk,  showing  an 
average  of  3.13  per  cent  fat,  yielding  2.17  Ibs.  of  butter  fat  and  8.44  Ibs.  of  other 
solids. 

The  third  place  in  the  test  was  filled  by  the  Holstein-Friesian  cow  Aaggie 
Ida  5th  on  a  yield  of  99.50  Ibs.  of  milk  showing  an  average  of  3.20  per  cent  fat, 
yielding  2.26  Ibs.  fat  and  9.15  Ibs.  of  other  solids;  the  best  Guernsey  record 
was  2.25  Ibs.  of  fat  and  5.009  Ibs.  of  other  solids;  the  best  Jersey  record  was 
2.436  Ibs.  of  fat  and  4.597  Ibs.  of  other  solids.  It  will  be  noted  that  the  differ- 
ence between  the  highest  Holstein  and  the  highest  Ayrshire  record  in  pounds 
of  solids  other  than  fat  was  3.781,  and  between  fat  yields  .535.  The  differ- 
ence between  the  highest  Holstein  and  the  highest  Guernsey  was  6.51  Ibs.  of 
solids  other  than  fat,  and  between  fat  yields  1.246  Ibs.  The  difference  between 
the  highest  Holstein  and  the  highest  Jersey  record  in  pounds  of  solids  other 
than  fat  was  7.343  Ibs.,  and  the  difference  between  the  fat  yield  was  1.393  Ibs. 

In  the  test  for  three-year-old  heifers,  the  Holstein-Friesian  cow  Emery 
Beauty  scored  175.13  Ibs.  on  a  yield  of  87.75  Ibs.  of  milk  with  an  average  of  3.06 
per  cent  fat,  showing  a  yield  of  2  666  Ibs.  of  fat  and  7.695  Ibs.  of  other  solids. 
She  was  followed  by  the  Ayrshire,  whose  yield  was  2.247  Ibs.  of  fat  and  .634  Ibs. 
of  other  solids. 

Mr.  C.  C.  McDonald,  the  Provincial  Dairy  Show  superintendent,  conducted 
a  test  at  the  Winnepeg  Industrial  Show  for  1894.  There  were  six  entries  in  this 
test,  consisting  of  one  Shorthorn,  two  Ayrshires  and  three  HolsteinrFriesians. 
This  was  a  twenty-four  hour  test.  The  first  prize  was  won  by  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  Daisy  Teake's  Queen,  a  four-year-old,  eighteen  days  in  milk,  whose  total 
yield  of  milk  was  72.25  Ibs.  showing  2.62  Ibs.  of  fat.  The  second  prize  went  to 
a  Shorthorn  five  years  old  and  ten  days  in  milk  whose  milk  yield  was  56.75  Ibs. 
showing  2.16  Ibs.  of  fat.  The  third  prize  went  to  the  Ayrshire  with  a  yield  of 
1.37  Ibs.  of  fat.  Fourth  place  was  taken  by  a  Holstein  with  1.35  Ibs.  of  fat,  a 
cow  twelve  years  old  that  had  been  in  milk  thirty-five  days. 

At  the  Wisconsin  State  Butter  Test  of  1894  the  famous  Holstein-Friesian 
cow  Johanna  5th  was  a  winner  of  the  first  prize  over  all  other  breeds.  She 
gave  on  a  forty-eight  hours  test  169.9  Ibs.  of  milk  showing  by  the  Babcock  test 
five  pounds  of  butter. 

At  the  New  York  State  Fair  of  1894  a  test  was  conducted  by  Prof.  L.  L. 
Van  Slyke,  chemist  at  the  Experiment  Station.  Nine  cows  were  entered,  among 
which  were  two  Jerseys,  one  Guernsey  and  six  Holstein-Friesian s.  The  first, 
second  and  third  prizes  were  awarded  to  Holstein-Friesians,  while  the  fourth, 
fifth  and  sixth  places  were  occupied  by  the  same  breed  of  cattle,  the  seventh 
place  by  the  Guernsey,  the  two  Jerseys  taking  the  tail  end.  The  winning  cow 
was  Intje  Von  Holingen,  whose  milk  yield  was  234.188  Ibs.  showing  6.765  Ibs.  of 
fat.  Clothilde  6th  was  second  with  a  yield  of  184.063  showing  6.683  Ibs.  of 
fat.  Idene  Rooker  was  third  with  a  yield  of  224.125  Ibs.  of  milk  showing  6.476 
Ibs.  of  fat.  Fourth  place  was  taken  by  Alwina  2d,  whose  yield  was  208.501  Ibs. 
of  milk  showing  6.419  Ibs.  of  fat.  The  report  of  this  test  in  Hoard's  Dairyman 
says  :  "  All  the  cows  in  this  test  were  off  in  butter  fat,  especially  Mr.  Wilber's 
Holsteins,  as  cows  at  a  fair  always  are,  which  accounts  for  the  low  per  cent  of 
fat  recorded.  The  Jersey  and  Guernsey  milk  was  rich  enough,  but  the  trouble 
was  the  cows  could  not  furnish  enough  of  it  to  get  under  the  wire  as  winners." 
The  seventh  place  in  the  test  was  taken  by  the  Guernsey  with  a  yield  of  4.74  Ibs. 
of  butter  fat.  The  eighth  and  ninth  places  were  held  by  Jerseys  with  yields  of 
4.458  and  4.149  Ibs.  of  butter  fat  respectively. 

At  the  butter  test  made  in  Pennsylvania  on  the  Bethlehem  Fair  grounds, 
three  cows  competed,  two  Holsteins  and  one  Ayrshire.  The  test  was  conducted 
by  Prof.  W.  H.  Hay  ward  of  the  State  Experiment  Station  and  was  for  one  day. 


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114  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

The  first  prize  was  taken  by  the  Holstein-Friesian  cow  Bowen  with  a  yield  of 
1.404  Ibs.  of  fat.  The  second  place  was  taken  by  the  Ayrshire  with  a  yield  of 
1.175.  Unfortunately  for  the  Holstein  cow  Bowen,  she  was  in  heat  during  the 
last  eighteen  hours  of  the  test  and  made  a  comparatively  small  record. 

At  the  Fat  Stock  Show  held  at  Guelph,  Ontario,  December  12,  1895,  the 
most  successful  test,  under  the  standard  rules  of  the  British  Dairy  Show,  was 
conducted.  Eleven  cows  competed.  Of  these,  five  were  Holsteins,  three 
Ayrshires  and  three  grades.  The  Holstein-Friesian  cow  Calamity  Jane  won 
easily  the  highest  honors  with  a  yield  of  over  69  Ibs.  of  milk,  testing  from  3  to 
3.6  per  cent  butter  fat,  and  yielding  2.09  Ibs.  of  butter  fat.  An  Ayrshire  cow 
made  the  second  largest  yield  of  1.79  Ibs.  of  butter  fat,  and  the  grade  Short- 
horn took  third  place  with  a  record  of  1.79  Ibs.  of  butter  fat. 

At.  the  Toronto,  Ontaria,  Show  a  test  of  forty-eight  hours  was  conducted 
by  Prof.  G.  E.  Day  in  1895.  There  were  nine  entries,  including  one  Guernsey, 
two  Jerseys,  one  Ayrshire  and  four  Holstein-Friesians.  The  Holstein  cow  Car- 
men Sylvia  took  first  place  with  a  yield  of  122  Ibs.  10  oz.  of  milk  showing  14.515 
Ibs.  of  solids.  An  Ayrshire  cow  followed  second  with  a  yield  of  111  Ibs.  2£  oz. 
and  total  solids  12.906.  The  Holstein-Friesians  took  third,  fourth  and  fifth 
places  with  yields  of  12.207,  12.162  and  11.521  Ibs.  of  solids  respectively.  A 
Jersey  cow  took  sixth  place  with  a  yield  of  9.849  Ibs.  of  solids.  The  difference 
between  this  Jersey  yield  and  the  winning  Holstein  yield  is  4.666  Ibs.  of  solids. 

At  the  Provincial  Dairy  Show  held  at  Gananoque,  Ontario,  in  1895  there 
were  twenty-four  cows  in  competition,  among  which  was  the  sweepstakes 
Ayrshire  of  the  Columbian  Exposition.  She  was  fresh  in  milk  and  had  come 
but  a  short  distance.  The  winner  at  Toronto,  Carmen  Sylvia,  was  present, 
having  attended  four  other  fairs  and  travelled  about  950  miles.  She  was  then 
but  four  years  old,  and  had  twice  defeated  all  other  breeds  in  public  competi- 
tion, and  held  the  world's  record  in  the  public  tests  of  Canada.  She  scored 
133.36  Ibs.  more  than  the  best  Jersey,  and  62.99  Ibs.  more  than  the  best  Ayrshire 
cow,  and  86.73  Ibs.  more  than  the  best  Guernsey. 

In  this  test  there  were  four  Jerseys,  eight  Ayrshires,  two  Guernseys,  two 
grades  and  six  Holstein-Friesians.  Carmen  Sylvia's  record  was  261.86  Ibs.  upon 
a  yield  of  138  Ibs.  of  milk  showing  3.827  Ibs.  of  fat  and  12.03  Ibs.  of  solids 
other  than  fat.  The  highest  Jersey  record  was  2.436  Ibs.  of  fat,  and  it  was 
exceeded  by  the  six  four-year-old  Holsteins  in  the  test,  the  lowest  of  which 
showed  2.606  Ibs.  of  fat. 

The  highest  three-year-old  Holstein-Friesian  exceeded  the  Jersey  record  by 
2.30  Ibs.  of  butter  fat,  and  the  smallest  Holstein  record  made  by  one  of  the 
three-year-olds  equalled  the  largest  Jersey  record  of  the  test  within  .629  Ibs. 
Carmen  Sylvia  made  12.030  Ibs.  of  solids  other  than  fat,  exceeding  the  highest 
Jersey  yield  by  .689  Ibs. 

Interesting  records  were  made  at  the  two-days'  test  of  the  Nebraska  State 
Fair  of  1895.  The  winners  were  both  pure-bred  Holstein-Friesians,  and  the 
famous  Geertje  Sefflnga,  a  five-year-old,  took  first  place  with  a  product  valued 
at  $.90,  showing  2  Ibs.  13.7  oz.  of  butter  and  119  Ibs.  15.3  oz.  of  skim  milk.  The 
second  prize  was  awarded  to  Lutscke  Isabel,  a  seven-year-old,  with  a  product 
valued  at  $.66,  containing  2  Ibs.  3.1  oz.  of  butter  and  75  Ibs.  9  oz.  of  skim  milk. 

The  California  Dairy  Test  of  1895  was  for  seven  days.  The  test  was  com- 
petitive between  cows  of  various  ages.  In  the  five-year-old  class,  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  cow  Sylpha  won  first  prize  with  a  yield  of  34.86  Ibs.  of  milk,  showing 
10.807  Ibs.  of  butter  fat,  equivalent  to  13.509  Ibs.  of  80  percent  butter. 

In  the  two-year-old  class  the  Holstein  cow  Windward  made  7.215  Ibs.  of 
butter  fat,  equivalent  to  9.019  Ibs.  of  80  per  cent  butter,  and  was  exceeded  by 
.905  yield  by  the  Durham  heifer.  There  were  no  entries  in  the  Holstein  three- 
year-old  class. 


CHAPTER  XIV. 

TESTS   AT  EXPERIMENT  STATIONS. 

Several  of  our  agricultural  experiment  stations  have,  within  the  last  few- 
years,  undertaken  experiments  designed  to  test  the  relative  methods  of  some 
of  the  different  breeds  of  dairy  cattle.  Of  these  experiments  that  of  the  New 
York  Station  at  Geneva,  which  is  still  in  progress,  both  in  the  number  of  cows 
engaged  and  in  the  length  of  time  devoted  to  it,  is  by  far  the  most  extensive. 
I  have,  says  Ernest  Hitchcock,  recently  made  a  somewhat  careful  examination 
of  the  report  of  this  work  contained  in  the  Eleventh  Annual  Report,  and  the 
results,  owing  to  defects  in  the  methods  employed,  seem  to  be  disappointing 
rather  than  convincing.  While  in  many  respects  the  work  is  most  valuable, 
yet  so  far  as  the  specific  aim  of  the  experiments  is  concerned,  namely,  "the 
investigation  of  the  several  breeds  of  dairy  cattle  with  reference  to  their  rela- 
tive value  in  the  production  of  milk,  butter  and  cheese,"  I  fear  it  must  be 
pronounced  a  failure.  While  this  judgment  may  appear  premature,  in  view 
of  the  fact  that  the  experiment  is  not  yet  completed,  nevertheless,  as  there  is 
no  indication  of  a  change  of  methods,  I  think  it  is  not  unfair. 

The  most  serious  objections  to  the  character  of  the  work  referred  to  may 
be  summarized  as  follows: 

1st.  The  character  of  many  of  the  cows  used  in  the  test  is  not  such  as  to 
entitle  them  to  be  considered  fair  representatives  of  their  respective  breeds. 

2d.  The  use  of  "periods  of  lactation"  instead  of  calendar  periods  renders 
many  of  the  comparisons  grossly  unfair,  and,  further,  renders  a  clear  under- 
standing of  the  merits  of  the  different  individuals  much  more  difficult. 


EUNICE  CLAY,  No.  1007  H.  F.  H.  B. 

Winner  of  first  prize  at  Ohio  State  Fair,  1893,  for  solids  not  fat  and  milk  prize,  producing  in 
twenty-four  hours  84  Ibs.  10  oz.  of  milk,  which  contained  7.66  Ibs.  solids  not  fat.  Butter  record 
23  Ibs.  9  oz.  in  seven  days.  Winner  of  butter  test  at  Toronto,  1894,  with  record  of  130  Ibs.  milk 
in  two  days,  yielding  3.18  Ibs.  fat  and  14.42  Ibs.  solids  in  same  period. 

(115) 


116  HOLSTEIN -FRIESI  AN   CATTLE. 

3d.  The  change  of  the  time  of  calving  of  many  of  the  cows,  during  the 
continuance  of  the  experiment,  from  spring  to  fall  introduced  an  element  of 
uncertainty  and  unfairness  entirely  destructive  of  fair  competition. 

4th.  The  method  of  comparing  the  different  individuals  and  breeds  by  cost 
of  fat  production  per  pound  instead  of  by  net  profit  for  a  unit  of  time",  fails 
to  show  the  most  profitable  cows  and  breeds. 

5th.  The  difference  in  age  of  the  different  heifers  at  the  time  of  commenc- 
ing their  first  and  subsequent  periods  of  lactation  introduced  another  element 
of  unfairness. 

6th.  The  failure  in  the  tabulation  of  results  to  take  account  of  several 
important  items  of  income  and  of  cost  was  grossly  unfair  to  certain  individuals, 
and,  alone,  had  the  cows  been  properly  selected,  might  easily  have  been  suffi- 
cient to  totally  change  results. 

Some  of  these  criticisms,  it  will  be  observed,  refer  to  the  fundamental 
methods  of  conducting  the  experiment,  while  others  less  serious  merely  refer 
to  the  methods  of  reporting  the  results.  To  understand  the  matter  fully, 
reference  should  be  had  to  the  tables  of  the  report  already  mentioned. 

A  few  words  of  further  explanation  may  perhaps  be  permitted.  Where  the 
character  of  a  breed  of  cows  is  sought  to  be  tested  by  the  capacity  of  from  one 
to  four  individuals  of  that  breed,  it  is  clear  that  if  the  test  is  to  be  of  any  value, 
those  individuals  must  be  fair  representatives  of  their  respective  breeds.  The 
number  used  is  too  small  for  the  elimination  of  individual  variations  by  the 
process  of  averaging.  The  question  therefore  meets  us  at  the  outset — what  is 
"a  fair  representative  "  of  a  breed  ?  Is  it  one  of  the  best  ?  Is  it  an  average  of 
the  entire  number  of  individuals  of  the  breed  ?  Is  it  one  selected  by  lot  ?  If 
none  of  these,  what  is  it?  It  should  be  noted  that  the  selection  and  rearing  of 
heifer  calves  for  the  test  in  no  respect  meets  the  difficulty.  It  merely  throws 
the  question  of  selection  back  one  generation  and  introduces  an  additional 
uncertainty— the  question  of  heredity.  Without  discussing  the  matter,  I  will 
merely  indicate  my  own  impression,  that  as  these  tests  are  conducted  for  the 
purpose  of  assisting  practical  dairymen  in  their  selection  of  herds  of  practical 
dairy  cows,  much  the  same  method  should  be  employed  in  selecting  the  herd 
for  test  as  would  be  employed  by  an  intelligent  dairyman  in  building  up  his 
private  herd — a  somewhat  extensive  process  of  selection  and  weeding.  (Com- 
pare work  of  the  Cornell  Station,  Bulletin  No.  52.)  Were  this  process  applied 
to  the  Geneva  herd,  it  is  apparent  that,  notwithstanding  Dr.  Collier's  boast, 
"  one  of  the  finest  herds  ever  brought  together"  (see  page  17  Eleventh  An. 
Rep. ) ,  many  members  of  that  herd  would  no  longer  remain  to  disgrace  the  breeds 
they  are  supposed  to  represent.  To  one  who  has  any  knowledge  of  the  Holstein  - 
Friesian  cow,  the  claim  that  Essel  2d,  Tolsma  Artis  or  Beauty  Pledge  represent 
that  breed  is  ridiculous.  Two  of  these  cows,  aged  at  the  date  of  second  calving 
three  years  and  two  months  and  four  years  and  two  months  respectively,  pro- 
duced during  the  first  month  of  their  second  period  of  lactation  an  average  of 
less  than  1  Ib.  of  butter  fat  per  day.  The  weight  of  the  cows  was  1,195  and  1,045 
Ibs.  respectively.  The  average  per  cent  of  fat  for  one  during  the  first  three 
months  of  lactation  was  3.31,  of  the  other  2.36.  Beauty  Pledge  (age  not  given 
and  record  not  included  in  tables  for  some  reason  which  I  have  not  seen  stated) 
gave  in  her  first  seven  months,  first  period,  a  daily  average  of  20.8  Ibs.  of  milk 
testing  3.14.  Her  best  month  showed  a  daily  average  of  nearly  0.71  of  a  Ib.  of 
butter  fat.  Let  us  compare  the  records  of  these  cows  with  those  of  others  of 
the  same  breed  at  other  stations.  In  1892  the  three  mature  Holstein  cows  of 
the  Vermont  Station  herd  gave  milk  averaging  3.63  per  cent  fat  and  1.11  Ib. 
butter  fat  per  day  throughout  the  entire  milking  period  ;  the  total  amounts  of 
butter  fat  for  the  three  cows  for  the  year  being  381,  323  and  364  Ibs.  respect- 
ively, an  average  butter  capacity  of  over  400  Ibs.  The  Minnesota  Station  herd, 
the  record  of  which  for  1893,  bulletin  35,  is  before  me,  contained  one  Holstein- 
Friesian  and  one  grade  of  that  breed.  The  pure-bred  cow  weighed  1,127  Ibs., 
was  milked  331  days,  gave  10,087  Ibs.  of  milk  and  374  Ibs.  of  butter  fat;  costing 
11.6  cents  per  Ib.  The  grade  gave  408  Ibs.  butter  fat  costing  10.4  cents  per  Ib. — 
the  best  record  of  any  cow  in  the  herd.  As  this  last  cow  was  only  one-half  blood 
Holstein,  her  dam's  breeding  being  unknown  but  surmised  to  be  a  grade  Jer- 
sey, her  record  is  perhaps  of  little  pertinence  here.  The  best  Jersey  cow  in  the 
herd  gave  354  Ibs.  of  butter  fat,  costing  10.6  cents  per  Ib.  She  weighed  877  Ibs. 
and  was  milked  346  days.  No  credit  was  given  these  cows  for  skim  milk  or 
manure. 


118  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

The  Cornell  Station  herd  for  the  year  1892  (Bulletin  52)  contained  nine 
grade  (f  to  |f  blood)  and  two  pure-bred  Hplstein  cows.  Of  these  at  least  two 
were  under  specially  unfavorable  conditions  and  some  were  very  poor  cows. 
The  entire  eleven  averaged  273  Ibs.  butter  fat.  The  best  six  averaged  324  Ibs., 
and  the  best  produced  418  Ibs.  fat.  The  seven  Jerseys  (one  pure-bred)  averaged 
270  Ibs.  fat,  and  the  best  produced  392  Ibs.  The  cost  of  one  pound  of  fat  pro- 
duced by  the  Jerseys  was  fifteen  cents,  and  by  the  Holsteins  seventeen  cents, 
value  of  manure  and  of  milk  solids,  not  fat,  being  ignored.  It  is  of  some  inter- 
est that  the  three  pure -bred  cows  ranked  very  low. 

To  hundreds  of  your  readers  it  is  a  matter  of  personal  knowledge  that  the 
instances  I  have  cited  from  the  Vermont,  Minnesota  and  Cornell  Station  herds, 
much  as  they  surpass  the  animals  in  the  Geneva  herd,  utterly  fail  to  indicate 
the  butter  producing  capacity  of  the  best  type  of  the  Holstein  cow.  To  such  it 
may  seem  strange  that  lhave  collated  none  of  the  well  authenticated  instances, 
both  public  and  private,  of  large  records.  In  reply,  I  merely  say  that  I  hold  no 
brief  for  the  Holstein  cow.  My  purpose  is  simply  to  show  the  unrepresentative 
character  of  the  Geneva  herd.  That  purpose  I  believe  is  best  served  by  com- 
paring it  with  other  station  herds.  The  herds  referred  to  were  selected  simply 
because  they  were  the  ones,  and  the  only  ones,  containing  cows  of  the  Holstein 
breed,  to  the  records  of  which  I  have  access. 

Much  the  same  could  be  said  of  the  selection  of  Ayrshire,  cows  as  of  the 
Holsteins,  at  Geneva.  Suffice  it  to  say,  in  general,  of  this  matter  of  the 
selection  of  the  representative  cows  for  this  test,  if  they  are  fairly  selected  it  is 
a  waste  of  time  and  money  to  test  most  of  the  breeds  further.  Let  the  matter 
as  to  these  breeds  be  summed  up  and  ended  by  saying :  "No  Holstein-Friesian, 
Shorthorn  or  American  Holderness  cow  is  worth  barn-room  for  dairy  purposes. 
The  chance  of  securing  an  Ayrshire  cow  valuable  for  the  dairy  is  not  worth 
the  effort."  If  these  conclusions  are  unwarranted,  most  of  the  inferences 
sought  to  be  drawn  from  the  results  of  this  test  are  equally  unwarranted. 

Of  the  second  and  third  of  the  above  criticisms,  it  is  hardly  necessary  to 
speak.  The  unfairness  of  comparing  the  cost  of  butter  production  by  a  cow 
that  has  been  continuously  milked  761  days  with  its  cost  when  produced  by  a 
cow  milked  eighty-two  days  in  full  flow  seems  clear.  The  attempt  to  change 
the  time  of  calving  of  many  of  the  cows  from  spring  to  fall,  is  largely  respon- 
sible for  the  difference  in  the  length  of  the  periods  of  lactation.  While  perhaps 
desirable  in  itself,  it  was  utterly  inadvisable  during  the  continuance  of  a  scien- 
tific experiment.  The  use  of  periods  of  lactation  as  the  unit  of  time  has  pro- 
duced further  confusion  in  that,  even  in  the  same  volume,  we  have  different 
sets  of  figures  given  as  to  the  cost  of  fat  production  in  the  first  period  by  the 
several  breeds.  If  all  the  cows  are  to  be  included,  we  shall  have  still  another 
set  of  figures  hereafter  for  this  same  period.  The  figures  for  the  second  and 
subsequent  periods  will  also  have  to  be  changed  from  time  to  time  ;  so  that  it 
is  difficult  to  see  when  a  final  result  can  be  reached  by  this  method. 

As  to  the  fourth  criticism  :  What  a  dairyman  wants  is  the  cow  that  will, 
in  a  given  time,  put  the  most  dollars  in  his  pocket.  That  is  not  necessarily  the 
cow  which  produces  fat  at  the  lowest  cost  per  pound.  For  example,  in  the 
tables  already  referred  to,  the  Devon  cow,  Genevie's  Gift,  makes  a  showing 
much  better  than  the  average,  producing  butter  fat  during  the  first  period  at 
19.4  cents  per  pound  and  during  the  second  period  at  16.5  cents,  the  average  of 
all  the  cows  being  22.5  and  21.5  for  the  two  periods.  Her  total  production, 
however,  is  so  small  that  the  net  profit  would  also  be  comparatively  small.  No 
one  would  for  a  moment  deny  that  a  cow  producing  400  pounds  of  butter  at  a 
cost  of  15  cents  per  pound  is  a  better  cow  than  one  producing  300  pounds  at  a 
cost  of  14  cents  per  pound,  butter  selling  at  fair  average  prices.  Yet  by  the 
methods  of  comparison  used  at  the  Geneva  station,  and  other  stations  as  well, 
the  reverse  would  appear  to  be  the  case. 

On  the  fifth  point  comment  is  needless.  As  to  the  sixth,  the  items  omitted 
are,  the  manurial  value  of  the  excrement,  the  value  of  the  milk  solids  not  fat, 
and,  I  judge,  the  cost  of  maintenance  of  the  cows  while  dry.  This  last  item 
should  certainly  be  included  in  the  final  accounting,  but  it  could  not  be  included 
in  the  tables  without  adding  greatly  to  the  unfairness  of  comparing  finished 
with  unfinished  periods  of  lactation.  That  the  manurial  value  of  the  excrement 
is  altogether  too  important  an  item  to  be  fairly  omitted  we  need  not  go  outside 
of  the  present  report  to  learn.  We  are  told  "  that  milch  cows  gave  back  in  the 
liquid  and  solid  manure  a  value  in  fertilizing  constituents,  nitrogen,  potash  and 


TESTS  AT  EXPERIMENT  STATIONS. 


119 


phosphoric  acid,  equal  to  70  per  cent  of  the  market  value  of  the  feed  fed  the 
animals."  Of  course,  even  by  best  methods,  there  would  be  some  waste  of 
manure.  Estimating  that  waste  at  the  largest  reasonable  quantity,  it  still 
remains  true  that  the  total  omission  of  this  item  is  extremely  unjust  to  the 
heavier  feeding  animals.  On  page  40  of  the  seventh  annual  report  of  the  Ver- 
ment  Experiment  Station  we  find  an  estimate  of  the  combined  feeding  and 
fertilizing  value  of  skim-milk  of  thirty-six  cents  per  100  pounds.  This  is 
approximately  four  cents  per  pound  for  solids  not  fat,  probably  a  higher  valua- 
tion than  can  be  realized  in  ordinary  practice.  Whatever  may  be  deemed  a  fail- 
valuation,  its  inclusion  is  absolutely  necessary  in  a  test  of  dairy  cows.  The 
approximate  valuation  of  skim-milk,  of  manure  and  of  butter  is  as  easy  as 
that  of  the  foods  consumed,  and  is  equally  necessary  to  the  conduct  of  a  breed 
test. 

The  breed  test  of  the  New  Jersey  Experiment  Station  was  brought  to  an 
unhappy  end  November  1,  1890.  Nevertheless,  its  conductors  considered  that 
it  afforded  ample  ground  for  wide  generalizations.  "  It  is  assumed,"  say  they, 
page  32,  Bulletin  32,  "  that  the  individual  animals  do  represent  their  respective 
breeds,  and  that  the  average  daily  results  secured  from  the  herds  of  animals 
selected  as  representatives  of  their  breeds  are  relatively  the  same  as  might  be 
expected  from  a  representative  animal  of  each."  Unless  this  assumption  is 
justified,  the  conclusions  are  worthless.  On  this  point  I  mention  just  two 
facts.  Out  of  the  five  breeds  represented — Ayrshire,  Guernsey,  Holstein- 
Friesian.  Jersey  and  Shorthorn — the  smallest  quantity  of  milk  was  produced 
by  the  Jerseys,  and  next  to  the  smallest  (about  fifteen  per  cent  less  than  the 
next  larger)  was  produced  by  the  Holstein-Friesian.  The  milk  record  of  one 
of  the  Holstein-Friesian  cows  for  the  period  May  1,  1889,  to  October  31,  1890, 
was  3,824  Ibs. — an  average  of  about  7  Ibs.  per  day  for  this  "representative" 
Holstein  cow.  Upon  such  a  foundation  are  built  the  generalizations  regarding 
entire  breeds  of  cows.  If  the  engineers  of  the  coast  survey  were  to  guess  at 
the  length  of  their  base  line,  their  subsequent  work  would  possess  about  the 
same  scientific  value  as  that  in  question. 

The  only  other  specific  breed  test  of  which  I  have  any  report  is  that  of  the 
Maine  Station.  The  number  of  the  animals  and  breeds  is  smaller  than  at  either 
the  New  York  or  New  Jersey  tests.  The  methods  are  open  to  some  of  the  same 
objections.  The  premises  are  altogether  too  narrow  to  support  the  generaliza- 
tions. For  the  purpose,  however,  of  illustrating  what,  in  my  judgment,  a 
report  of  such  an  experiment  should  show,  I  append  a  table  giving  the  results 
of  this  station  for  one  year.  The  table  is  not  copied,  but  is  a  compilation  from 
the  tables  contained  in  the  Maine  report  for  1890. 


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Jansje,  H.-F.    . 
Nancy  Avondale,  A. 
Queen  Linda,  A. 

365 

281 

287 

9991 

5948 
6983 

340 
209 
246 

888 
542 

648 

397 
244 

287 

$99.25 
61.00 
71.25 

$22.50 
13.55 
16.20 

| 

$29.28  $150.73  $73.20  $77.53 
23.96;      98.51     59.89!   38.62 
25.56     113.51     63.90    49.61 

Agnes,  J  

340 

6876       352 

663 

411 

103.75 

16.57    23.86     144.18 

59.64    8454 

Ida,J  

322 

4107       238 

400 

277 

69.02 

10.00 

23.18     102.20 

57.95 

44.25 

Note— H.-F.,  Holstein-Friesian;  A.,  Ayrshire;  J.,  Jersey. 

Butter  is  assumed  to  be  worth  twenty-five  cents  per  pound.  The  quantity  is 
computed  by  adding  one-sixth  to  the  quantity  of  butter  fat.  Milk  solids  not  fat 
are  assumed  to  be  worth  2i  cents  a  pound.  It  is  also  assumed  that  forty  per 
cent  of  the  value  of  the  food  consumed  is  saved  in  the  manure.  As  to  the 
fairness  of  this  last  assumption,  see  an  article  by  Dr.  Collier  in  the  Country 
Gentleman  for  December  20  last,  page  916,  in  which  he  largely  quotes  Dr. 
Goessman's  bulletins  from  the  Massachusetts  Station. 

The  age,  weight  and  date  of  calving  and  average  per  cent  of  fat  should 
also  be  included,  but  were  not  given  in  the  1890  report.  Full  details  as  to  feed- 
ing should  also  be  given.  The  Maine  experiment  was  continued  another  year 


TESTS  AT  EXPERIMENT  STATIONS.  121 


with  a  little  Holstein  cow  included,  a  much  poorer  one  than  Jansje.  On  the 
whole,  I  think  the  conclusion  is  fairly  warranted  that  the  attempt  to  settle  the 
relative  merits  of  an  entire  breed  of  cows  by  the  test  of  two  or  three  "  repre- 
sentatives "  is  not  a  success.  I  fear  further  that  there  is  too  much  haste  on 
the  part  of  some  experiment  station  workers  to  publish  results,  and  to  lay 
down  broad  generalizations  based  on  very  limited  premises.  This  is  the  more 
to  be  deplored,  because  very  many  readers  see  or  hear  only  the  generalizations 
and  never  investigate  their  foundations  ;  in  fact,  the  agricultural  press  and  the 
experiment  station  record,  from  which  alone  most  intelligent  readers  get  their 
ideas  of  the  work  done  outside  their  own  state,  have  no  room  for  more  than 
a  mere  summary  of  results. 

Since  preparing  the  above,  I  have  seen  the  Twelfth  Annual  Report  of  the 
New  York  Station.  Tables  showing  the  ccflst  of  production  of  milk  and  fat  for 
the  first,  second  and  third  "periods  of  lactation "  are  given.  I  see  no  reason  to 
modify  any  of  the  positions  already  taken.  It  is,  perhaps,  worthy  of  mention 
that  as  a  producer  of  milk  (quality  ignored),  the  Holsteins  rank,  in  the  second 
and  third  periods,  fourth,  being  surpassed  by  the  Ayrshires,  American  Holder- 
ness  and  Guernseys  in  the  second  period,  and  by  the  American  Holderness, 
Devon  and  Ayrshires  in  the  third  period. 


CHAPTER  XV. 

HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   ADVANCED  REGISTRY. 

This  system  of  registry  had  its  origin  in  the  recognition  of  a  fact  largely 
overlooked  by  American  breeders, — that  excellence  and  public  interest  in  a 
breed  of  cattle  cannot  be  maintained  permanently  without  continued  selection. 
The  great  breeders  of  England,  such  as  Bakewell,  Price  and  the  Collings, 
recognized  this  fact  more  than  a  century  ago.  They  built  and  sustained  the 
reputations  of  the  improved  breeds  they  originated  by  and  through  constant 
selection.  The  same  is  true  of  the  great  breeders  on  the  continent.  In  Holland 
the  careful  selection  of  bulls  for  breeding  purposes  by  district  authorities  has 
been  practiced  from  time  immemorial,  and  to  this  is  due  in  large  measure  the 
excellence  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  breed.  More  recently  in  Switzerland  this 
principle  has  been  recognized  and  brought  under  the  direction  of  government 
authority.  Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  the  idea  at  the  foundation  of  this  system 
of  registry  is  not  original  with  the  founder.  It  is  new  only  in  American 
breeding. 

The  formal  recognition,  however,  and  embodiment  of  this  principle  in  a 
distinct  system  of  registry,  is  original  with  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association 
of  America.  At  the  time  of  the  formation  of  this  association  by  the  union  of 
the  Holstein  Breeders  Association  and  the  Dutch-Friesian  Herd  Book  Associa- 
tion, the  need  of  a  greater  stimulus  to  selection  than  was  afforded  by  the 
simple  system  of  herd  book  registry,  as  practiced  both  at  home  and  abroad, 
had  become  apparent.  The  great  popularity  of  the  breed  had  stimulated  to 
excessive  importation.  A  class  of  dealers  had  already  introduced  inferior 
cattle  from  the  Netherlands  in  the  hope  simply  of  immediate  profit.  These 
cattle,  though  not  eligible  to  the  herd  books  of  the  Netherlands,  had  from  the 
mere  fact  of  importation  and  proper  coloring  been  admitted  to  the  herd  books 
here.  Moreover,  the  offspring  of  these  cattle  were  to  be  forever  eligible  to 
registry.  Not  only  then  was  there  great  danger  in  spite  of  the  herd  book 
registry  of  the  degeneration  of  the  breed,  but  careful  breeders  working  judi- 
ciously with  the  principle  of  selection  for  the  improvement  of  their  cattle,  were 
furnished  no  stimulus  and  left  without  protection.  It  was  evident  to  a  close 
observer,  that  something  further  was  imperatively  demanded  in  order  to 
advance  or  even  to  maintain  the  standard  of  excellence  of  the  breed  in  this 
country. 

A  study  of  the  situation  by  Mr.  S.  Hoxie,  at  that  time  secretary  of  the 
Dutch-Friesian  Association,  convinced  him  that  this  object  could  be  attained, 
and  only  attained,  through  a  direct  recognition  of  the  principle  of  selection 
by  a  further  extension  of  the  registry  system.  Out  of  this  idea  has  grown  the 
Holstein-Friesian  Advanced  Registry. 
9 


pq 

rig 

w  s 


ADVANCED  REGISTRY.  123 


Hitherto  in  America  the  only  requirements  for  registry  in  case  of  imported 
cattle,  were  a  standard  of  color  and  size  and  a  certification  of  purity  of  blood 
by  the  European  breeder,  and  in  the  case  of  home-bred  cattle,  descent  from 
stock  already  registered  here.  There  was  no  connection  with  registry  in  the 
Netherlands,  and  no  evidence  of  descent  from  superior  cattle  in  that  country. 
When  importation  began  there  were  no  herd-books  in  that  country  other  than 
those  kept  by  individual  breeders.  Soon  after  the  Netherlands  Herd  Book 
Association  was  incorporated  by  the  government,  followed  by  the  incorporation 
<>f  the  Friesian  Association  for  the  province  of  Friesland.  These  associations, 
in  addition  to  blood  purity,  required  excellence  of  character  as  tested  by  stand- 
ards of  structure  and  appearance  indicative  of  superior  milk  and  flesh  producing 
qualities.  Such  a  test  was  the  first  additional  requirement  that  suggested  itself 
as  necessary  in  the  construction  of  an  Advanced  Registry  in  America.  A  brief 
trial  convinced  the  originator  of  the  idea  that  such  tests  were  not  alone  suffi- 
cient. From  a  point  of  view  thus  reached,  he  conceived  that  a  proper  stimulus 
to  improvement  through  selection  could  only  be  secured  with  certainty  in  a 
dairy  breed  by  means  of  tests  of  actual  performance  at  the  pail  or  churn.  This 
principle  of  tests  by  actual  performance,  embodied  in  the  system,  is  the  dis- 
tinctive feature  of  Advanced  Registry. 

Tentative  steps  had  been  taken  by  the  Dutch-Friesian  Association  as  early 
as  1882,  looking  toward  the  requirement  of  actual  tests  for  registry.*  This 
became  one  of  the  distinguishing  featuresof  the  Dutch-Friesian  registry  system, 
and  at  the  meeting  of  the  two  -associations  in  1885,  at  which  time  they  were 
merged  into  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  America,  the  establishment 
of  an  advanced  registry  was  made  one  of  the  conditions  of  consolidation.  The 
board  of  officers  of  the  new  association  were  entrusted  with  the  formulation  of 
its  regulations.  This  board  took  for  the  basis  of  its  action  a  set  of  rules  pre- 
viously prepared  by  Mr.  Hoxie,  and  these  with  slight  amendments  were  adopted. 
They  required  in  general  that  all  animals  received  to  it  should  attain  a  certain 
standard  of  structural  excellence,  and  in  addition  that  all  cows  should  reach  a 
certain  standard  of  milk  or  butter  production  determined  by  actual  tests. 
Structural  excellence  was  determined  by  reference  to  separate  scales  of  points 
for  cows  and  bulls.  Iri  the  case  of  bulls  a  score  of  80  per  cent  was  the  minimum 
for  admission  and  a  weight  of  at  least  1,800  Ibs.  at  full  age.  Added  to  these  con- 
ditions excellence  as  a  stock-getter  was  required  to  be  shown  by  examination 
of  at  least  three  of  the  progeny.  Cows  were  required  to  score  a  minimum 
of  75  per  cent  of  the  scale  and  to  weigh  at  least  1,000  Ibs.  at  full  age.  A  diffi- 
culty arose  as  to  the  relative  milk  and  butter  requirements  for  cows  of  different 
ages.  It  was  manifestly  unjust  to  classify  immature  with  mature  cows.  This 
difficulty  was  cleverly  solved  by  Mr.  W.  G.  Powell,  who  proposed  a  sliding  scale 
beginning  with  a  minimum  requirement  of  heifers  just  two  years  old  and 
increasing  the  requirement  for  every  day  of  additional  age  up  to  maturity  at 
five  years  of  age.  Mr.  S.  Hoxie  was  elected  superintendent  of  this  registry,  and 
the  system  was  at  once  put  formally  into  operation. 

Though  thus  formally  established,  nearly  a  year  elapsed  before  the  first 
entries  were  actually  made.  This  was  due,  in  the  main,  to  the  fact  that  the 
Board  of  Officers  did  not  complete  the  Scale  of  Points  till  August  12,  1895. 
Furthermore  it  was  necessary  for  the  new  superintendent  to  formulate  a  system 
of  measurements  and  a  descriptive  nomenclature — a  task  rendered  doubly 
difficult  because  with  the  slight  advance  in  this  direction  on  the  part  of  the 

*When  the  Dutch-Friesian  Association  was  organized  in  1879,  the  escutcheon  was  widely 
•depended  upon  for  the  selection  of  dairy  cattle.  Investigations  by  the  Government  of  France  and 
by  the  Legislature  of  Pennsylvania  had  decidedly  favored  it.  This  association  accepted  the  con- 
clusions of  these  investigations  and  began  a  system  of  registry  based  on  the  escutcheon.  It  was 
called  the  Main  Registry.  Its  entries  contained  descriptions  of  the  escutcheon,  and  in  cases  where 
they  could  be  reliably  ascertained,  measurements,  milk  records  and  descriptions  of  style  and  build. 
The  requirement  of  actual  tests  of  milk  or  butter  production  was  added  in  1882.  In  that  year  it 
published  the  second  volume  of  its  Herd-Book  in  which  two  forms  of  registry  appeared  under  the 
names,  Pedigree  Registry  and  Main  Registry.  The  latter  required  tests  of  performance  of  all  cows 
entered.  It  required  animals  to  be  at  least  two  years  old  at  date  of  entry,  bulls  to  be  proved  stock- 
getters  and  to  scale  80  points  of  the  scale  of  points  of  the  association  ;  and  cows  to  show  a  high 
development  of  udder,  mammary  veins,  escutcheon,  and  to  have  records  of  actual  milk  production 
sufficient  to  satisfy  the  Official  Inspector  and  Executive  Board  that  they  were  capable  of  producing 
6,000  Ibs.  at  two  years  old.  7,000  Ibs.  at  three  years  old,  8,000  Ibs.  at  four  years  old,  or  10,000  Ibs.  at 
five  years  old  or  upwards.  These  requirements  were  formulated  by  the  Superintendent.  He  re- 
ceived valuable  suggestions  from  members  of  the  association  and  from  breeders  outside.  Among 
those  who  rendered  most  assistance  were  Mr.  C.  R.  Payne,  Mr.  S.  Burchard,  Mr.  H.  Langworthy 
and  Hon.  Gerrit  S.  Miller. 


ADVANCED  REGISTRY. 


125 


Dutch-Friesian  Association  and  Holland  Associations  the  work  was  without 
precedents.  Delay  also  arose  out  of  opposition  to  the  registry  on  the  part  of 
individual  breeders  growing  out  of  a  partisan  struggle  previously  begun  entirely 
foreign  to  the  merits  of  this  system.  In  this  crisis  its  preservation  was  due  to 
the  combined  influence  of  Mr.  T.  G.  Yeomans  and  the  late  W.  Brown  Smith, 
.leading  breeders,  who  had  been  active  in  bringing  about  the  formation  of  the 
*Holstein-Friesian  Association. 

The  first  entries  to  the  Advanced  Registry  were  made  in  January,  1886,  and 
the  first  volume  was  issued  a  year  later.  Thirty-one  bulls  and  three  hundred 
and  fifty  cows  were  entered  in  this  volume.  The  result,  both  in  the  general 
make-up  of  this  volume  and  the  number  of  entries,  was  a  surprise  even  to  the 
friends  of  the  new  system.  An  immediate  wave  of  interest  was  created,  not 
only  in  this  country,  but  in  Europe.  Breeders  in  England  and  Scotland  wrote 
for  information  in  regard  to  it,  and  discussed  the  subject  before  their  cattle 
associations ;  and  in  Germany  several  publications  reviewed  the  system  at 
great  length.  It  was  evident  that,  whatever  the  fate  of  this  system  in  America, 
the  fundamental  ideas  had  taken  a  firm  hold  on  the  minds  of  breeders  of 
improved  cattle. 


IOLENA  FAIRMOUNT,  No.  15544  H.  F.  H.  B. 

Record:  75  Ibs.  milk;  2.44  butter  fat  in  twenty-four  hours.    Winner  of  first  prize  for  butter, 

Ohio,  1893. 

The  permanence  of  the  new  registry  was  not,  however,  yet  assured.  It  con- 
tinued to  some  extent  to  be  an  object  of  disapproval  on  grounds  outside  of  its 
purposes  or  its  principles.  Gradually  it  won  its  way  as  it  was  seen  that  it  was 
a  distinct  benefit  to  every  breeder,  whether  he  had  cattle  in  it  or  not,  by  its  ser- 
vice in  sustaining  and  advancing  the  interests  of  the  breed  as  a  whole. 
Between  1886  and  1891  three  other  volumes  were  published,  bringing  the  total 
registration  to  ninety-six  bulls  and  1,051  cows. 

During  the  next  four  years  occurred  the  reaction  in  popular  favor  that  at 
some  time  inevitably  overtakes  every  new  breed  introduced  into  this  country. 
A  typical  example  of  this  and  perhaps  the  most  pronounced,  is  that  against 
the  Ayrshire  breed,  commencing  about  1880,  from  which  it  has  not  yet  recov- 
ered. This  reaction  period  against  the  Holstein-Friesians,  from  1891  to  1895, 
was  a  critical  one  for  Advanced  Registry.  But  in  this  crisis  of  the  breed  the 
value  of  the  system  was  more  fully  demonstrated.  In  a  measure  it  saved  the 


126  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

breed  from  the  fate  of  others  by  furnishing  at  this  trying  time,  not  only  indis- 
putable evidence  of  the  great  value  of  the  breed,  but  also  held  out  a  continued 
stimulus  to  the  owners  of  the  best  stock  to  persevere  in  its  improvement.  Up 
to  1895,  921  cows  had  been  registered  with  records  showing  a  production  equiv- 
alent to  at  least  10,700  Ibs.  of  milk  for  full  age  animals  in  the  ordinary 
period  of  ten  months  milking,  and  at  the  same  time  619  cows  had  been  regis- 
tered that  had  butter  records  equivalent  to  or  exceeding  15  Ibs.  of  butter  for 
periods  of  seven  consecutive  days.  Nearly  all  of  these  records,  whether  of 
milk  or  butter,  were  in  fact  in  excess  of  these  standard  requirements.  More 
than  ninety  different  cows  and  heifers  held  actual  milk  records  exceeding  14,000 
Ibs.  for  periods  of  ten  months  or  one  year,  while  over  140  held  seven-day  butter 
records  above  20  Ibs.  In  the  presence  of  such  records  distrust  of  the  breed 
could  not  exist  for  any  extended  period  and  by  1895  it  began  again  to  advance 
in  public  favor. 

Throughout  this  critical  period  the  experience  of  breeders  had  been  bring- 
ing about  an  evolution  of  this  Advanced  Registry  system.  Previous  to  189$ 
all  cattle  registered  had  been  subjected  to  examination  by  officials  appointed 
by  the  Board  of  Officers  of  the  Association.  With  the  decline  of  profits  to 
breeders  it  was  found  that  the  expense  of  such  examination  prevented  the 
registration  of  cows  fully  capable  of  meeting  all  the  requirements.  To  clear 
the  way  for  the  entry  of  such  cattle  examination  by  officials  was,  in  that  year, 
made  optional  with  owners.  In  other  words,  cows  were  thereafter  admitted 
to  entry  simply  on  sworn  records  without  measurements  and  descriptions.  At 
the  same  time  provision  was  made  for  the  acceptance  of  records  of  pure  butter 
fat,  the  ratio  of  fat  to  marketable  butter  being  fixed,  after  correspondence 
with  the  officials  of  leading  Agricultural  Experiment  Stations,  at  83^  per  cent. 
A  rule  was  also  adopted  requiring  the  superintendent  to  officially  investigate 
all  records  of  pure  butter  fat  or  of  marketable  butter  made  in  seven  consecu- 
tive days,  exceeding  20  and  25  Ibs.  respectively,  and  to  publish  a  summary  of 
such  investigation  with  the  entry. 

At  the  meeting  of  this  Association  in  1894,  to  stimulate  the  making  of 
butter  records,  a  thousand  dollars  was  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  Board  of 
Officers  to  be  offered  at  their  discretion,  as  prizes,  for  largest  officially  authen- 
ticated records.  At  the  same  time  the  ratio  of  butter  fat  to  marketable 
butter,  in  determining  equivalent  production,  was  reduced  to  80  per  cent  in 
conformity  to  the  estimates  adopted  for  butter  fat  tests  in  the  World's  Fair 
competitions.  In  accordance  with  such  action  a  contest  was  inaugurated  open 
to  breeders  of  the  Association,  with  a  list  of  twenty-seven  prizes,  to  be  awarded 
the  best  seven-day  tests  conducted  under  the  supervision  of  the  superintendent 
or  some  inspector  designated  by  him  or  by  the  officer  of  some  Experiment 
Station  or  other  State  institution.  The  effect  of  this  competition  was  exceed- 
ingly gratifying.  The  showing  of  butter  production  exceeded  all  unquestioned 
official  records  of  any  breed  previously  made  in  America.  It  reanimated  the 
breeders,  stimulated  again  wide-spread  public  interest  in  the  breed  and  went 
far  toward  establishing  its  pre-eminence  as  butter  producers.  Apparently  all 
opposition  to  Advanced  Registry  ceased  with  this  showing. 

The  future  of  Advanced  Registry  now  seems  assured.  Its  value  is  becom- 
ing recognized  not  only  by  Holstein-Friesian  breeders,  but  by  all  breeders  of 
improved  cattle.  Tentative  steps  have  been  taken  in  other  breeders  associa- 
tions and  in  other  breeds  for  the  establishment  of  similar  registries.  Vicissi- 
tudes no  doubt  await  it.  Its  requirements  will  be  modified  to  meet  changed 
conditions;  but  as  the  expression  of  a  principle  in  cattle  breeding  and  registry 
it  will,  no  doubt,  continue  as  long  as  the  breeding  of  improved  dairy  cattle 
continues. 

The  following  Holstein-Friesian  records  are  taken  from  the  Advanced 
Register,  superintendent,  Mr.  S.  Hoxie,  Yorkville,  N.  Y.: 

Milk  records— Pietertje  2d.  479:  1  day,  112TV  Ibs.;  1  month,  3,289flbs.;  10 
months,  26,737TV  Ibs.;  1  year,  30,318£  Ibs.;  owned  by  Dallas  B.  Whipple,  Cuba, 
N.  Y.  Priocess  of  Wayne  2  :  1  day  113^  Ibs.:  1  month,  3,182i  Ibs.;  10  months, 
25,135^  Ibs.;  1  year,  29,008-^  Ibs.;  owned  by  T.  G.  Yeomans  &  Sons,  Wai  worth, 

Butter  records— Pauline  Paul:  30  days,  128f|  Ibs.;  365  days,  l,153gf  Ibs.; 
owned  by  J.  B.  Butcher  &  Son,  Pawling,  N.  Y.  Clothilde  2d  :  90  days,  320& 
Ibs.;  owned  by  Smiths  &  Powell  Co.,  Syracuse,  N.  Y.  Natsey  :  7  days,  34^  Ibs. ; 
owned  by  Ehrich  &  White,  Colorado  Springs,  Col.  Lady  Baker :  7  days,  34TV 


ADVANCED  REGISTRY. 


127 


Ibs.  De  Kol  3d  :  7  days,  '33^  Ibs.  (age  4  years  9  months  27  days) ;  owned  by  J. 
B.  Butcher  &  Son,  Pawling,  N.  Y.;  second  owners.  Henry  Stevens  &  Sons, 
Lacona,  N.  Y. 

The  great  mass  of  butter  records  in  advanced  Registry  are  for  periods  of 
seven  consecutive  days  of  twenty-four  hours  each.  As  classified  March  1, 1897, 
they  are  as  follows  : 


Of  cows  in  full-age-form,       299. 

"       "       "    four-year-form,     98. 

"       "      "    three-year-form,  136. 

"       "       "    two-year-form,     241. 
Heifers  under  two  years,  69. 


Average  record,  19  Ibs.  11.8  oz. 
18  "  10.2  " 
16  "  6.4  " 
10  "  15.1  " 
10  "  10.3  " 


Of  the  total  number  of  records,  one  hundred  and  fifty-one  are  official. 
These  have  been  under  exceedingly  strict  supervision  of  disinterested  men 
mainly  from  our  State  Experiment  Stations.  As  classified  they  are  as  follows  : 


Of  cows  in  full-age-form,  49. 

u      tt       tt  four-year-form,         28. 

"      "      "three-year-old  form,  18. 

"      u      "  two-year-old-form,    40. 
Heifers  under  two  years,  16. 


Average  record,  19  Ibs.  5.4  oz. 

18  "      5.5  " 

16  "      3.7  " 

12  "      0.7  " 

11  "    11.5  " 


These  figures  are  worthy  of  careful  study.  They  reveal  the  capacity  of  a 
large  class  of  our  cows.  The  closeness  with  which  the  two  divisions  of  records 
approach  each  other  is  surprising.  The  difference  between  the  average  records 
of  full-age  cows  in  these  two  divisions  is  only  six  and  four-tenths  ounces; 
that  between  cows  from  four  to  five  years  old  is  four  and  seven-tenths 
ounces ;  while  that  between  heifers  from  two  to  three  years  old  is  two  arid 
seven-tenths  ounces.  In  the  other  two  ages  there  is  a  wider  difference, 
by  no  means  excessive.  It  does  not  follow  that  every  record  from  which 
these  averages  are  calculated  is  reliable.  One  of  the  vital  principles  of 
our  system  of  Advanced  Registry  is  that  every  record  rests  upon  individ- 
ual separate  testimony.  While  the  association  inflicts  the  severest  penalties 


JAAP  4TH,  No.  1337  H.  H.  B. 
Weight  at  eleven  months,  1200  Ibs.      Gain  for  thirty  consecutive  days,  5  1-3  Ibs.  per  day. 


128  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

on  the  crime  of  making  fraudulent  records,  it  does  not  follow  that  no  such 
records  have  ever  slipped  into  this  registry.  But  it  courts  investigation,  assured 
that  the  closer  the  records  of  our  breed  are  examined  the  more  reliable  will  they 
appear,  and  the  firmer  the  ground  of  this  system  of  registry. 

The  following  instructions  for  making  officially  authenticated  butter 
records  for  Advanced  Registry  are  issued  by  the  superintendent  of  Advanced 
Registry  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  America,  Mr.  S.  Hoxie,  of 
Yorkville,  N.  Y.: 

1.  Such  records,  to  compete  for  the  prizes  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Associ- 
ation of  America,  may  be  made  by  the  churn,  or  by  the  Babcock  test,  or  by 
any  other  method  approved  by  the  Association  of  Official  Agricultural  Chemists. 

2.  All  such  records  must  be  for  seven  consecutive  days,  and  must  be  super- 
vised by  the  officer  of  some  experiment  station  or  state  institution,  or  by  the 
superintendent  of  Advanced  Registry  or  some  inspector  designated  by  him. 

3.  The  person  supervising  must  see  the  cow  milked  dry  at  the  beginning 
of  the  test  and  be  present  at  each  milking  thereafter  and  weigh  the  milk,  and 
have  such  complete  control  of  it  in  every  process  of  the  test  as  to  insure  positive 
accuracy  in  the  results  obtained.     In  his  report  of  the  test  the  supervisor  must 
give  full  details  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  superintendent  of  Advanced  Registry 
and  make  an  affidavit  to  the  accuracy  and  truthfulness  of  the  same. 

4.  In  all  cases  where  possible  the  supervision  should  be  by  an  officer  or 
appointee  of  an  experiment  station.     To  obtain  such  supervision  owners  of  cows 
contemplating  such  tests  should  early  begin  correspondence  with  the  directors  of 
such  stations  and  also  with  the  superintendent  of  Advanced  Registry.     Direc- 
tors of  such  stations  are  always  disposed  to  do  such  work  for  their  constituency 
but  they  sometimes  have  to  employ  special  assistants  for  it.     In  preliminary 
correspondence  with  them  it  is  not  necessary  to  give  the  names  of  cows  or  the 
date  of  contemplated  tests.    Its  object  is  simply  to  induce  necessary  prepar- 
ations. 

5.  It  is  always  wise  for  owners  to  know  just  what  their  cows  are  doing. 
A  Babcock  testing  machine  is  almost  indispensable  to  this.     The  method  of 
using  it  is  easily  learned.     It  takes  but  little  time,  it  takes  but  little  milk,  and 
it  is  accurate.     In  addition  to  the  ordinary  instructions  accompanying  the 
machine  the  following  are  suggested.     In  adding  the  acid  the  bottle  should  be 
held  at  an  angle  so  as  to  cause  it  to  flow  slowly  down  the  inside  of  the  wall — 
the  farther  the  neck  of  the  bottle  is  from  a  perpendicular  position  the  better. 
When  about  half  of  the  acid  is  added  shake  the  bottle  in  the  ordinary  way  until 
the  acid  is  mixed  with  the  milk,  then  add  the  remainder  and  mix  again.     After 
revolving  the  bottles  the  usual  time  fill  them  with  hot  water  only  to  the  necks, 
then  revolve  a  minute  or  more,  then  complete  the  filling  to  raise  the  fat  into  the 
graduated  necks  and  revolve  again.     Always  use  hot  water  and  keep  the  bottles 
in  hot  water  until  the  per  cent  of  fat  is  accurately  read.     The  bottles  should  be 
cleansed  in  hot  water  after  each  test. 

6.  To  make  an  official  record  eligible  to  receive  a  prize  it  must  be  entered 
in  Advanced  Registry.     Application  for  such  entry  is  made  separately  from  the 
report  of  the  supervisor.    There  are  no  fees  for  entry. 

7.  The  value  of  official  records  can  hardly  be  overestimated.     The  cost  in 
comparison  is  trivial.     It  includes  traveling  expenses  of  the  supervisor  and  pay 
for  his  time  when  required.     Such  charges  are  moderate. 

8.  All  blank  forms  are  free.     There  is  not  a  breeder  who  has  made  official 
records  but  will  gladly  give  information  on  the  subject,  and  the  superintendent 
of  Advanced  Registry  invites  correspondence. 


s 


£| 


as    % 


CHAPTER  XVI. 


Discredits.  HEAD. 

Showing  full  vigor; 
Elegant  in  contour; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m. 


2 

nts. 
e.  1. 


SCALE  OF  POINTS  OF  THE  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  ASSOCIATION    OF  AMERICA,   WITH   A 
UNIFORM  SYSTEM   OF  DISCREDITS. 

[The  items  of  description  following  each  head  of  the  scale  should  be  passed  upon  separately, 
and  the  amount  of  discredit  marked  down  on  the  margin.  The  uniform  discredits  to  be  givec  are 
noted  under  each  full  description.  V.  s.  means  very  slight  deficiency;  s.,  slight;  m.,  marked;  v.  m., 
very  marked;  e.  extreme.  The  difference  between  the  sum  of  such  discredits  and  100  will  be  the 
standard  of  the  animal  by  this  scale.] 

FOR  BULLS. 

Discredits.  CROPS. 

Comparatively  full;  )        4 

Nearly  level  with  the  shoulders;      f  points. 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-4;  s.  1-2;  m.  1;  v.  m.  1  1-2;  e.  2. 

CHINE. 

Straight;  ) 

Broadly  developed; 
Open; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m.  3-4;  e.  1. 

BARREL. 
Well  rounded; 
With  large  abdomen ; 
Strongly  and  trimly  held  up; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-4;  s.  1-2;  m.  1;  v.  m.  1  1-2;  e.  2. 

LOIN  AND  HIPS. 
Broad; 
Level  or  nearly  level  between  hook 

bones; 

Level  and  strong  laterally ; 
Spreading  from  the  chine  broadly 

and  nearly  level; 

The  hook  bones  fairly  prominent;  j 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m.  3-4;  e.  1. 
RUMP. 


2 
points. 


1 
point. 


FOREHEAD. 

Broad  between  the  eyes;  /        2 

Dishing;  f   points. 

Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m.  3-4;  e.  1. 

FACE. 

Of  medium  length;  1 

Clean  and  trim  especially  under 

eyes; 

The  bridge  of  the  nose  straight ; 
The  muzzle  broad; 

Discredit,  s.  1-8;  m.  1-4;  e.  1-2. 

EARS. 

Of  medium  size; 
Of  fine  texture; 
The  hair  plentiful  and  soft; 
The  secretions  oily  and  abundant ; 
Discredit,  m.  1-8;  e.  1.4. 

EYES. 
Large; 

Full;  (        2 

Mild;  {  points. 

Bright; 

Discredit,  s.  1-8;  m.  1-4;  e.  1-2. 

HORNS. 
Short; 

Of  medium  size  at  base; 
Gradually  diminishing  toward  tips ; 
Oval;  2 

Inclining  forward;  points. 

Moderately  curved  inward; 
Of  fine  texture; 
In  appearance  waxy; 

Discredit,  m.  1-8;  e.  1-4. 


Lor 


NECK. 


Finely  crested(if  animal  is  mature) 
Fine  and  clean  at  juncture  with 

the  head; 

Nearly  free  from  dewlap; 
Strongly  and  smoothly  joined  to 

should 


5 
points. 


4 
points. 


lers; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m.  3-4;  e.  3. 

SHOULDERS. 

Of  medium  height;  ] 

Of  medium  thickness  and  smooth- 
ly rounded  at  top; 
Broad  and  full  at  sides; 
Smooth  over  front; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m.  3-4;  e.  1. 

CHEST. 

Deep  and  low; 

Well  filled  and  smooth  in  the  bris- 
ket; 8 
Broad  between  the  forearms;           f  points. 
Full  in  the  foreflanks  (or  through 

at  the  heart) ; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-4;  s.  1-2;  m.  1;  v.  m.  11-2;  e.  2. 


5 
points. 


Broad ; 


5 

points. 


5 
points. 


High; 

Nearly  level  laterally; 
Comparatively  full  above  the  thurl;  J 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m.  3-4;  e.  1. 

THURL. 

High:  /        4 

Broad;  f  points. 

Discredit,  v.  s.  1-4;  s.  1-2;  m.  1;  v.  m.  1 1-2;  e.  2. 

QUARTERS. 
Deep; 
Broad; 

Straight  behind; 
Wide  and  full  at  sides; 
Open  and  well  arched  in  the  twist; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m.  3-4;  e.  1. 

FLANKS. 

Deep;  I        2 

Full;  \   points. 

Discredit,  v.s.  1-8;  s.  1-4:  m.  1-2;  v.m.  3-4;  e.  1. 

LEGS. 

Comparatively  short; 
Clean  and  nearly  straight; 
Wide  apart; 
Firmly  and  squarely  set  under  the 

body; 

Arms  wide,  strong  and  tapering; 
Feet  of  medium  size,  round,  solid 

and  deep ; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m.  3-4;  e.  1. 

TAIL. 
Large  at  base,    the   setting  well") 

back;  2 

Tapering  finely  to  switch; 
The  end  of  the  bone  reaching  to 

hocks  or  below; 
The  switch  full; 

Discredit,  s.  1-8;  m   1-4;  e.  1-2. 


6 
points. 


( 1  JO) 


t*  >. 

g  s 

3'  o 

o  ff 

%  *. 


M 

CO      t"1 


co    ? 

O  ,_! 


V 


132 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


Discredits.    HAIR  AND  HANDLING. 
Hair  healthful  in  appearance; 
Fine,  soft  and  furry; 
Skin   of   medium   thickness    and 

loose; 

Mellow  under  the  hand; 
The  secretions  oily,  abundant,  and 
of  a  rich  brown  or  yellow  color; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-4;  s.  1-2;  m.  1;  v.  m.  1 1-2;  e.  2. 

MAMMARY  VEINS. 

1 


10 
points. 


Entering  large  or  numerous  ori- 
fices; 10 

Double  extension;  points. 

With  special  developments,  such 
as  forks,  branches,  connections, 
etc.; 
Discredit,  v  s.  1-4;  s.  12;  m.  1;  v.  m.  1 1-2;  e.  2. 


EUDIMKNTARY  TEATS. 


Well  placed; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8:  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m. 

ESCUTCHEON. 
Largest; 
Finest; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-2;  s.  1;  m.  2;  v.  m. 


I       2 
f  points. 

3-4;  e.  1. 


j    points. 
3;  e.  4. 


Perfection, 


100  points. 


Discredits.  HEAD. 

Decidedly  feminine  in  appearance; 
Fine  in  contour; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  12;  v.  m. 

FOREHEAD. 

Broad  between  the  eyes; 
Dishing; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m. 

FACE. 

Of  medium  length; 
Clean  and  trim,  especially  under 

the  eyes,  showing  facial  veins; 
The  bridge  of  the  nose  straight; 
The  muzzle  broad; 

Discredit,  s.  1-8;  m.  1-4;  e.  1-2. 

EARS. 

Of  medium  size; 
Of  fine  texture; 
The  hair  plentiful  and  soft; 
The   secretions   oily    and    abun- 
dant; 

Discredit,  m.  1-8;  e.  1-4. 

EYES. 
Large; 
Full; 
Mild; 
Bright; 

Discredit,  s.  1-8;  m.  1-4;  e.  1-2. 

HORNS. 
Small; 

Tapering  finely  toward  the  tips; 
Set  moderately  narrow  at  base; 
Oval; 

Inclining  forward: 
Well  bent  inward; 
Of  fine  texture; 
In  appearance  waxy; 

Discredit,  m.  1-8;  e.  1-4. 


FOR 


f  points. 
3-4;  e.  1. 


points. 
;  e.  1. 


2 
points. 


1 
point. 


2 
points. 


points. 


points. 


NECK. 

Long;  1 

Fine  and  clean  at  juncture  with  | 

the  head;  (        4     , 

Free  from  dewlap;  [    points. 

Evenly  and   smoothly   joined   to  I 

shoulders; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m.  8-4;  e.  1. 


GENERAL   VIGOR:  —  For  deficiency   Inspectors 
shall  discredit  from  the  total  received  not 
to  exceed  eight  points. 
Discredit,  v.  s  1;  s.  2;  m.  3;  v.  m.  5;  e.  8. 

GENERAL  SYMMETRY  AND  FINENESS:— For  defi- 
ciency Inspectors  shall  discredit  from  the 
total  received  not  to  exceed  eight  points. 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1;  s.  2;  m.  3;  v.  m.  5;  e.  8. 

GENERAL  STYLE  AND  BEARING:— For  deficiency 
Inspectors  shall  discredit  from  the  total. re- 
ceived not  to  exceed  eight  points. 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1;  s.  2;  m.  3;  v.  m.  5;  e.  8. 

CREDITS  FOR  OFFSPRING:— A  bull  shall  be  cred- 
ited one  point  in  excess  of  what  he  is  other- 
wise entitled  to  for  each  and  every  animal 
of  which  he  is  sire  actually  entered  in  the 
Advanced  Register  not  to  exceed  ten  in 
number. 

In  scaling  for  the  Advanced  Register,  defects 
caused  solely  by  age,  or  by  accident,  or  by  dis- 
ease not  hereditary,  shall  not  be  considered. 
But  in  scaling  for  the  show  ring,  such  defects 
shall  be  considered  and  duly  discredited. 

A  bull  that  in  the  judgment  of  the  Examiner 
will  not  reach  at  full  age,  and  in  good  flesh, 
1,800  pounds,  live  weight,  shall  be  disqualified 
for  entry  in  the  Advanced  Register. 

No  bull  shall  be  received  to  the  Advanced 
Register  that,  with  all  credits  due  him,  will  not 
scale  in  the  judgment  of  the  Examiner  at  least 
80  points. 

COWS. 

Discredits.  SHOULDERS. 

Slightly  lower  than  hips; 
Fine  and  even  over  tops: 
Moderately  broad  and  full  at  sides ; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m.  3-4;  e.  1. 

CHEST. 

Of  moderate  depth  and  lowness:     ] 
Smooth  and  moderately  full  in  the  |        /. 

brisket; 
Full  in  the  foreflanks  (or  through  | 

at  the  heart) ; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-4;  s.  1-2;  m.  1;  v.  m.  1 1-2;  e.  2. 

CROPS. 

Moderately  full ;  2  points. 

Discredit,  v.  s.  1-4;  s.  1  2;  m.  3-4;  v.  m.  1 1-2;  e.  2 

CHINE. 

Straight;  )        o 

Broadly  developed;  j-  pofnts 

Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  l-2;'v.  m.  3-4;  e.  1. 

BARREL. 

Of  wedge  shape; 

Well  rounded;  „ 

With  a  large  abdomen; 
Trimly  held  up  (in  judging  the  last  j 
item  age  must  be  considered) ;     j 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m.  3-4;  e.  1. 

LOIN  AND  HIPS. 
Broad; 
Level   or  nearly    level    between 

hook-bones: 

Level  and  strong  laterally; 
Spreading  from  chine  broadly  and 

nearly  level ; 
Hook  bones  fairly  prominent;         J 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m.  3-4;  e.  1. 

RUMP. 

Long; 

High; 

Broad,  with  roomy  pelvis; 

Nearly  level  laterally;  f  points. 

Comparatively     full     above     the 

thurl; 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8:  s.  1-4:  m.  1  2;  v.  m.  3-4:  e.  1. 


134 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


Discredits.  THURL. 

High;  I        4 

Broad;  j    points. 

Discredit,  v.  s.  1-4;  s.  1-2;  m.  1;  v.  m.  1  1-2;  e.2. 

QUARTERS. 

Deep;  ] 

Straight  behind;  4 

Roomy  in  the  twist;  }-  _?fc 

Wide  and  moderately  full  at  the  |    pO11 

sides ;  J 

Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m.  3-4;  e.  1. 

FLANKS. 

Deep;  {        2 

Comparatively  full;  f  points. 

Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m.  3-4;  e.  1. 

LEGS. 

Comparatively  short; 
Clean  and  nearly  straight; 
Wide  apart; 
Firmly  and  squarely  set  under  the 

body; 
Feet  of  medium  size,  round,  solid 

and  deep;  j 

Discredit,  v.  s.  1-8;  s.  1-4;  m.  1-2;  v.  m.  3-4 

TAIL. 

Large  at  base,  setting  well  back;    1 
Tapering  finely  to  switch ; 
The  end  of  the  bone  reaching  to 

hocks  or  below ; 
The  switch  full; 

Discredit,  s.  1-8;  m.  1-4;  e.  1-2. 

HAIR  AND  HANDLING. 
Hair  healthful  in  appearance;         1 
Fine,  soft  and  furry; 
The  skin  of  medium  thickness  and 

loose; 

Mellow  under  the  hand; 
The  secretions  oily,  abundant,  and  | 
of  a  rich  brown  or  yellow  color;  J 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-4;  s.  1-2;  m.  1;  v.  m.  1  1-2;  e.  2. 

MAMMARY  VEINS. 
Very  large; 

Very  crooked  (age  must  be  taken 
into  consideration  in  judging  of 
size  and  crookedness) ; 
Entering  very  large  or  numerous 

orifices; 
*      Double  extension; 

With  special  developments,  such 
as  branches,  connections,  etc.      J 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-4;  s.  1-2;  m.  1;  v.  m.  1  1-2;  e.  2. 


5 
points. 


2 
points. 


10 
points. 


Discredits.          UDDER  AND  TEATS. 
Very  capacious; 
Very  flexible; 
Quarters  even; 
Nearly  filling  the  space  in  the  rear         12 

below  the  twist,  and  extending  }-  points. 

well  forward  in  front; 
Broad  and  well  held  up: 
Teats  well  formed,  wide  apart, 

plumb,  and  of  convenient  size ;    ., 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1-4;  s.  1-2;  m.  1 ;  v.  m.  1  1-2;  e.  2. 

ESCUTCHEON. 

Largest;  j        8 

Finest;  \   points. 

Discredit,  v.  s.  1-2;  s.  1;  m.  2;  v.  m.  3;  e.  4. 


Perfection, 


100  points. 


GENERAL   VIGOR:  —  For  deficiency   Inspectors 
shall  discredit  from  the  total  received  not 
to  exceed  eight  points. 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1;  s.  2;  m.  3;  v.  m.  5;  e.  8. 

GENERAL  SYMMETRY  AND  FINENESS:  — For  de- 
ficiency Inspectors  shall  discredit  from  the 
total  received  not  to  exceed  eight  points. 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1;  s.  2;  m.  3;  v.  m.  5;  e.  8. 

GENERAL  STYLE  AND  BEARING:— For  deficiency 
Inspectors  shall  discredit  from  the  total  re- 
ceived not  to  exceed  eight  points. 
Discredit,  v.  s.  1;  s.  2;  m.  3;  v.  m.  5;  e.  8. 

CREDITS  FOR  EXCESS  OF  REQUIREMENT  IN  PRO- 
DUCTION:—A  cow  shall  be  credited  one  point 
in  excess  of  what  she  is  otherwise  entitled 
to  for  each  and  every  eight  per  cent  that 
her  milk  or  butter  record  exceeds  the  mini- 
mum requirement. 

In  scaling  for  the  Advanced  Register,  defects 
caused  solely  by  age,  or  by  accident,  or  by  dis- 
e'ase  not  hereditary,  shall  not  be  considered. 
But  in  scaling  for  the  show  ring  such  defects 
shall  be  considered  and  duly  discredited. 

A  cow  that  in  the  judgment  of  the  Examiner 
will  not  reach  at  full  age,  in  milking  condition 
and  ordinary  flesh,  1000  pounds,  live  weight, 
shall  be  disqualified  for  entry  in  the  Advanced 
Register. 

No  cow  shall  be  received  to  the  Advanced 
Register  that,  with  all  credits  due  her,  will  not 
scale  in  the  judgment  of  the  Examiner  at  least 
75  points. 


The  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  America  was  chartered  in  New  York  in 
1885.  Its  records  comprise  the  Holstein  Herd  Book  of  nine  volumes,  the  Dutch- 
Friesian  Herd  Book  of  four  volumes,  the  Advanced  Registry  and  the  fourteen 
volumes  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  America.  The  Holstein  Breeders 
Association  and  the  Dutch-Friesian  Association  united  in  1885  under  the  title 
of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  America,  since  which  time  fourteen 
volumes  of  its  herd  book  have  been  printed. 

The  total  registration  of  the  societies  up  to  close  of  1896  is  as  follows : 
Holstein  Herd  Book,  cows,  10,560;  bulls,  4,664;  Dutch-Friesian  Herd  Book, 
cows,  1,937;  bulls,  730;  Holstein-Friesian  Herd  Book  to  close  of  Volume 
14,  cows,  40,516;  bulls,  22,586.  Thus  it  appears  that  there  are  now  upwards  of 
53,013  cows  and  27,980  bulls  upon  its  records. 

It  is  the  oldest  association  in  the  world  founded  upon  these  cattle.  Its 
membership  includes  515  breeders  and  its  treasury  is  in  so  prosperous  condi- 
tion as  to  enable  it  to  offer  thousands  of  dollars  in  special  prizes  each  year. 
The  aggregate  sum,  so  disposed  of,  is  very  large  indeed  and  has  greatly 
benefited  Holstein-Friesian  interests.  Nearly  $25,000  has  been  expended  in 
bounties  upon  bull  calves  slaughtered  or  castrated  ;  but  this  practice  is  no 
longer  in  force.  By  its  enterprise  and  careful  management  it  has  conferred 
lasting  benefit  upon  breeders  and  the  breed. 

It  is  the  only  herd  book  recognized  by  the  United  States  Government.  The 
fee  for  life  membership  is  $25.  Members'  fees  for  recording  cattle  are  :  For 
males  under  one  year  of  age  $3.  Non-members  are  required  to  pay  for  registry 


THE  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   ASSOCIATION. 


135 


of  males  under  one  year  of  age  $5.     The  fees  for  transfers  are,  to  members,  25 
cents  ;  non-members,  50  cents. 

The  attention  of  applicants  for  the  registry  or  transfer  of  animals  is  called 
to  the  following  more  important  By-laws  of  the  Association  : 

ARTICLE  4.  Section  2.  The  registry  shall  set  forth  the  number,  the  name, 
the  date  of  birth,  the  name  and  residence  of  the  breeder  and  owner,  and  if 
imported,  the  name  of  the  importer,  and  the  names  and  numbers  of  both  sire 
and  dam. 

SEC.  3.     In  the  Herd  Book  there  shall  be  registered  only  such  animals  as  are 

determined  under  the  rules  and  regulations  of  this  corporation  to  be  pure-bred. 

SEC.  4.     Pure-bred  Holstein-Friesian  shall  be  held  to  mean  and  to  refer  to 

lite  cattle  already  registered  in  the  Hoi 
nd  such  as  are  descended  from  them  in 
and  such  imported  animals  or  their 
etherlands,  Friesian  or  North  Holland 
)f  breeders  of  the  animals  satisfactory 

11  only  be  registered  in  the  Herd  Book 
n:is  j|[i|  tfshed  by  the  corporation,  and  the  pay- 
|iWer  one  year  old,  and  $6  each  if  over  one 
t$  til''* ;   and  $5  each  if  under  one  year  old, 
"iiiembers.     The  fee  for  the  registry  of 
fljljf  over  one  year  old  $2,  by  members,  and 
injilii  pi  cler  one  year  old,  and  if  over  one  year 
jilt  in]  the  application.     No  two  animals  shall 
eat  Jmso  'nclants  of  an  animal  shall  be  entitled 
|»TOfa  ••!  or  added,  and  after  the  first  genera- 
on.     Males  shall  only  be  entitled  to  the 
the  family  name  shall  be  first.     In  all 
m  in  part  or  in  full  may  be  used  as 
distinction,  nobility,  military  or  honor- 
use  as  family  names,  shall  be  free  for 


d  to  owners  before  their  offspring  are 


jtyed 


f  animals  imported  in  dam  must  be 
in  America  shall  be  registered  in  the 
rtificate  of  service  is  required  from  the 

the  breeder  to  the  application, 
ner  of  the  dam  at  time  of  service. 

and  transfer  are  furnished  from  the 


136 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


We  are  aware  that  the  mere  presentation  of  this  symposium  to  our  readers 
will  subject  us  to  criticism  on  the  part  of  so-called  "special  purpose  cow" 
champions,  who  believe  that  it  is  essential  that  a  good  dairy  cow  should  be 
utterly  worthless  for  beef,  and  that  her  calves  of  either  sex  should  be  equally 
worthless  for  veal  when  young,  or  for  beef  when  older.  We  confess  to  a  firm 
belief  in  the  idea  of  breeding  for  a  special  purpose,  but  we  do  not  intend  to  allow 
the  belief  to  close  our  eyes  to  facts  and  to  evidence,  and  that  in  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  cow  the  very  highest  dairy  quality  exists,  together  with  the  power  to 
take  on  flesh  readily  when  dry,  and  to  produce  a  calf  superior  to  the  calves  of 
any  other  breed,  for  beef,  is  a  fact  fully  established  by  indisputable  evidence. 

What  the  farmer  wants  is  the  cow  that  will  bring  him  the  most  net  cash. 
He  cares  not  whether  it  is  called  a  special  or  general  purpose  cow.  To  any  such 
farmer  seeking  light  as  to  the  best  breed  for  his  purpose,  we  would  ask  these 
questions :  Of  two  cows  of  different  breeds,  each  netting  her  owner  the  same 
amount  from  dairy  products  annually,  is  it  really  a  disadvantage  to  one  cow 
that  if  she  loses  her  udder  she  will  bring  for  beef  $25  more  than  the  other  ? 
Of  two  such  cows,  is  it  really  a  disadvantage  to  one  that  she  will  produce  a  calf 
capable  of  being  vealed  at  a  handsome  profit  ?  Is  it  really  a  disadvantage  to 
a  dairy  breed  that  any  of  its  two-year-old  heifers  proving  unsatisfactory  in  the 
dairy  (and  there  is  no  breeder  of  any  breed  who  does  not  occasionally  draw  a 
blank)  can  be  beefed  for  a  remunerative  price?  Special  purpose  champions  are 
too  prone  to  assume  that  all  calves  will  be  heifers,  and  all  heifers  profitable  cows, 
and  all  cows  endure  the  work  of  the  dairy  to  good  old  age.  They  are  also  fond 
of  assuming  that  the  highest  dairy  quality  is  entirely  incompatible  with  any 
beef  producing  capacity.  To  a  very  important  extent  the  facts  are  against  them. 

The  late  Dudley  Miller,  the  widely  known  fancier  and  expert  in  Holstein- 
Friesian  cattle,  writing  in  February,  1886,  says:  "No  breed  of  cattle  is  superior 
to  the  Holstein-Friesian  for  veal;  and  they  and  their  grades  make  most  excel- 
lent beef;  juicy,  tender  and  well  interlarded  with  fat. 

"The  weight  of  full  blood  and  grade  steers  at  a  year  and  a  half  or  two 
years  old  can  be  put  at  1,200  to  1,500  Ibs.,  consequently  they  can  be  made  to  show 
a  handsome  profit  when  bred  for  beef. 

*  "At  birth  calves  weigh  from  80  to  125  Ibs.  and  much  heavier  are  mentioned, 
but  100  Ibs.  is  not  unusual.  Cows  should  weigh  1,200  to  1,400  Ibs.  and  frequently 
reach  1,600  to  1,800  Ibs.,  and  some  as  high  as  2,000  and  2,100  Ibs.  Bulls  and  steers 


JACOB  3D.    FROM  A  HOLLAND  PHOTOGRAPH. 

Grandson  of  Rooker  and  out  of  Trintje,  No.  35  N.  H.  B.,  and  the  sire  of  Neptune,  De  Ruiter,  Jacob  Wit, 
Jacob  3d,  the  great  sires  of  the  Aaggie  family. 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS  FOR  BEEF.  137 

have  attained  weights  of  3,500  Ibs.  and  upwards.  The  gain  in  weight  by  calves 
of  this  breed  is  unprecedented.  They  frequently  gain  100  Ibs.  per  month  until 
about  a  year  old." 

At  the  experiment  station  of  the  Michigan  Agricultural  College,  when  two 
each  of  Galloways,  Shorthorns,  Holstein-Friesians,  Jerseys,  and  one  Hereford 
and  one  Devon  were  selected,  and  an  accurate  record  kept  for  seven  months  of 
food  consumed,  daily  ration,  monthly  weight  and  gains,  it  was  found  that  the 
two  Holstein-Friesians  had  the  largest  gain  per  day  for  a  given  time,  and  one  of 
the  greatest  gains  per  day  since  birth.  It  required  seven  pounds  and  a  fraction 
of  a  mixture  of  food  to  produce  an  increase  of  a  pound  in  weight  of  Holsteins, 
and  more  than  ten  pounds  of  the  same  mixture  to  produce  the  same  increase  in 
the  Shorthorns.  The  Holstein-Friesians  showed  themselves  the  most  economical 
feeders  of  all  that  were  in  the  test. 

The  Fat  Stock  Show  usually  held  at  Chicago  has  for  its  object  the  encour- 
agement of  the  most  economical  production  of  the  best  quality  of  meat.  The 
large  premiums  offered  and  the  emulation  among  breeders  and  feeders  attract 
in  large  numbers  each  succeeding  year  to  the  American  Fat  Stock  Show  the 
choicest  specimens  of  meat  producing  animals  to  be  found  on  either  continent. 
The  live  stock  entered  for  competition  at  this  show  most  creditably  represents 
the  best  breeders  of  England,  Scotland  and  the  United  States.  As  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  is  generally  classed  and  developed  as  a  dairy  breed  it  is  not  to  be 
expected  that  entries  of  them  "for  competition"  with  the  beef  breeds  would  be 
numerous. 

At  the  Fat  Stock  Show  in  1886  there  were  twelve  entries  in  the  yearling 
carcass  class.  The  Holstein  steer  stood  second,  weighing  1,250  Ibs.;  average 
gain  per  day  since  birth,  2.02  Ibs. 

In  rapidity  of  growth  they  are  seldom  equalled,  and  an  example  of  marvel- 
ous growth  at  the  show  of  1888  was  the  calf  Ohio  Champion,  entered  for  compe- 
tition by  Mr.  B.  Waddel,  of  Marion,  Ohio.  The  calf  was  but  nine  months  old 
and  weighed  1,070  Ibs.  He  attracted  marked  attention.  The  feeding  possibili- 
ties of  the  breed  are  thus  called  to  the  attention  of  beef  growers.  Among  the 
fat  cattle  butchered  at  the  Chicago  Fat  Show  it  was  found  that  Holsteins 
were  the  only  breed  that  had  the  hindquarters  heavier  than  the  forequarters. 
Now  it  is  generally  granted  that  hindquarter  beef  is  the  best  and  most  expen- 
sive. 

At  the  Fat  Stock  Show,  Chicago,  1890,  the  heifer  Daisy  was  285  days  old, 
and  weighed  850  Ibs.,  the  gain  per  day  was  2.98  Ibs.;  and  the  steer  Alpine  Boy, 
197  days  old,  weighed  495  Ibs.,  or  a  gam  of  2.51  Ibs.  per  day  since  birth.  At  this 
same  show,  Ben  Johnson,  1,293  days  old,  weighed  1,945  Ibs.;  Rattler,  1,319  days 
old,  weighed  2,085  Ibs.;  Madolyn's  Leader,  822  days  old,  weighed  1,470  Ibs.; 
Tom,  789  days  old,  weighed  1,330  Ibs.;  Van  Asmus,  597  days  old.  weighed  1,170 
Ibs.;  and  Spot,  688  days  old,  weighed  1,435  Ibs.  These  were  all  pure-bred  Hol- 
stein-Friesians, and  their  weight  and  gain  per  day  show  that  they  are  excellent 
beef  animals. 

The  claims  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  breed  as  a  beef-producer  have  been 
presented  at  this  show  for  a  number  of  years  past,  but  never  so  strongly  as  on 
this  occasion  (Fat  Stock  Show,  1890),  says  the  Breeders  Gazette.  While  the 
numbers  of  the  exhibits  were  not  large  it  included  the  best  representative  of 
the  breed  from  a  beef  standpoint  yet  seen,  unless  the  wonderfully  ripe  and 
meaty  calf  Ohio  Champion  be  excepted.  The  exhibitors  were  Mr.  B.  Waddel, 
Marion,  O.,  and  Mr.  M.  L.  Sweet.  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.  A  pair  of  three-year- 
olds  were  forward,  from  which  Mr.  Imboden  selected  Mr.  Sweet's  Ben  Johnson 
as  the  better.  He  is  a  growthy,  heavy  fellow,  large  of  frame,  and  carries  quite 
a  thick  carcass  of  lean  beef.  He  was  better-backed  than  Mr.  Waddel's  nicely- 
finished  Rattler,  being  wider  in  his  spring  of  rib  and  better  covered  on  his  loin 
and  rib.  Positions  were  reversed  in  the  two-year-olds,  as  the  types  of  steers 
shown  were  also  reversed— Mr.  Waddel  leading  with  Thomas,  a  shorter,  thicker, 
wider  bullock  than  Mr.  Sweet's  level,  rather  rangy  Madolyn's  Leader.  Thomas 
has  a  square,  level  quarter  and  is  well-meated  in  his  loins.  Mr.  Waddel's 
spayed  yearling  heifer  Spot  was  the  best  of  the  breed  on  exhibition  by  all 
odds.  She  is  remarkably  smooth,  neat  and  deep-fleshed,  and  should  make  a 
very  handsome  carcass.  She  was  given  the  blue  over  Sweet's  Van  Asmus. 
Waddel's  Daisy,  full  sister  to  Ohio  Champion,  and  a  calf  of  much  promise,  had 
the  ticket  in  her  class  over  Sweet's  Alpine  Boy. 
10 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS  FOR  BEEF. 


139 


STEER  OR  SPAYED  COW  THREE  AND  UNDER  FOUR 

STEER  OR  SPAYED  HEIFER  ONE  AND  UNDER  TWO 

YEARS. 

YEARS. 

$ 

TO 

«•§ 

—  = 

> 
o 

co 

T—  1 

If 

'A 

B 

fl  3     . 

y, 

c  3    • 

Exhibitor. 

Animal. 

of 

S?d 

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M)     .fa 

Exhibitor. 

Animal. 

£ 

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0)  fl^O 

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M-^ 

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£ 

<J 

M.  L.  Sweet, 

Ben  Johnson,   . 

1293 

1945 

1.50 

M.  L.  Sweet, 

Van  Asmus, 

597 

1170 

1.96 

B.  Waddel,    . 

Rattler,    .    .    . 

1319 

2085 

1.58 

B.  Waddel,    . 

Spot,     .    .    . 

688 

1435 

2.08 

STEER  OR  SPAYED  HEIFER  TWO  AND  UNDER  THREE 
YEARS. 

STEER  OR  SPAYED  HEIFER  UNDER  ONE  YEAR. 

M.  L.  Sweet,       Madolyn's  Lead- 

M.  L.  Sweet, 

Alpine  Boy,  .        197    495 

251 

!    er,     .... 

822 

1470 

1.79 

B.  Waddel.    . 

Daisy,  .     .     .        285!  850 

2.98 

B.  Waddel,    .     \Tom  

789 

iaso 

1  68 

The  experimental  feeding  of  half-breed  yearling  steers  at  the  "  Record 
Farm"  of  William  M.  Singerly  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  is  thus  reported  January  30, 
1886. 

We  present  a  statement  of  the  fattening  capacity  of  four  half-breed  year- 
ling Holstein  steers.  These  cattle  were  born  in  May  and  June,  1884,  and  will  be 
two  years  old  in  May  and  June,  1886.  They  demonstrate  that  the  Holsteins  will, 
in  the  near  future  be  as  much  sought  after  for  their  beef-producing  abilities  as 
they  are  now  for  their  milk-giving  capacity.  It  is  believed  that  these  steers 
can  be  made  to  average  1,500  Ibs.  each  by  July  1,  1886. 

The  progress  in  cattle  feeding  is  as  great,  if  not  greater  than  in  the  develop- 
ment of  trotting  horses.  For  a  three-year-old  trotter  a  mile  in  2:19,  or  a  two- 
year-old  a  mile  in  2:28  is  so  exceptional  as  to  be  phenomenal,  but  in  cattle 
breeding  and  feeding  the  advancement  is  even  more  notable.  A  herd  can  now 
be  made  to  gain  in  weight  at  a  rate  which  would  have  excited  wonder  ten  years 
ago.  The  four-year-old  steers  that  could  be  made  to  average  1,400  or  1,500  Ibs. 
were  thought  to  have  been  successfully  fed ;  today  a  feeder  who  cannot  success- 
fully turn  his  steers  off  with  that  weight  at  two-years-old  had  better  get  out 
of  the  business  as  being  unfitted  for  it. 

The  four  half-breed  steers  at  the  Record  Farm  were  taken  from  pasture 
December  4,  1885.  The  figures  in  the  first  column  of  the  table  given  below  show 
the  weight  of  each  steer  when  put  on  stall-feed,  and  the  figures  in  the  second 
column  give  the  weight  of  each  individual  on  the  22d  inst. 


Dec.  4,  1885. 

No.  1, 875  Ibs. 

No.  2, 885    " 

No.  3 880    " 

No.  4,     .  .    750    " 


Jan.  22,  1886. 
1,035  Ibs. 

1,080    " 
1,045    " 

885    " 


Total,  .    .     .      3,340  4,045 

Gain  in  49  days,  705  Ibs. ;  average  gain  per  head,  176  Ibs. ;  average  gain  per  head  per  day,  3.6  Ibs. 

"The  beef  of  these  Holstein  cattle  from  the  Record  Farms  was  slaugh- 
tered at  the  North  Philadelphia  Stock  Yards  and  placed  on  sale  at  John 
Riley's  stalls  in  the  Farmers  market,  and  the  splendid  meat  attracted  much 
admiration.  The  four  steers  and  the  heifer  made  more  pounds  of  dressed 
meat  for  their  age  than  any  cattle  ever  killed  in  Philadelphia.  The  live 
and  dead  weights,  and  the  number  of  pounds  of  dressed  to  the  one  hundred 
pounds  of  live  weight  were  as  follows  :  Steer  No.  1,  1,475  Ibs.  and  899  and  6 ; 
No.  2,  1,450  Ibs.  940  and  65  ;  No.  3, 1,550  Ibs.  978  and  63  ;  No.  4,  1,350  Ibs.  850  and 
63  ;  the  heifer  1,500  Ibs.  996  and  66  ;  the  cow  1,725  Ibs.  1.104  and  64.  The  follow- 
ing figures  show  the  weight  by  quarters,  the  first  two  being  the  hind  and  the 
last  two  the  fore  quarters  :  Steer  No.  1,  218,  211,  236,  234  ;  No.  2,  213,  210,  256, 
261 ;  No.  3,  220,  224,  268,  266  ;  No.  4,  202,  197,  225,  226;  the  heifer,  224,  233,  270, 
269  ;  the  cow,  255,  254,  296,  299." 

The  Smiths  &  Powell  Co.  write:  In  the  winter  of  1884  and  1885  we  caused 
to  be  slaughtered  the  recorded  Holstein  bull,  Syracuse  (822),  calved  April  24, 


.  a 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS   FOR  BEEF.  141 

1882;  the  recorded  cow,  Signet  (1817),  calved  April  6,  1880,  and  Little  Wonder 
{1788),  calved  May  14,  1880,  with  the  following  result: 

Syracuse  weighed  on  day  of  killing,  2,200  Ibs.  Dressed  beef,  1,430  Ibs.;  hide, 
142  Ibs.;  rough  tallow,  130  Ibs.  Per  cent  of  dressed  beef,  62.44  Ibs.  Per  cent  of 
offal,  26. 

Signet  weighed  alive,  1,470  Ibs.  Dressed  beef,  915  Ibs.;  hide,  76  Ibs.;  rough 
tallow,  126  Ibs.  Per  cent  of  dressed  beef,  62.31.  Per  cent  of  offal,  24. 

Little  Wonder  weighed  alive,  1,493  Ibs.  Dressed  beef,  791  Ibs.;  hide,  78 Ibs. ; 
rough  tallow,  124  Ibs.  Per  cent  of  dressed  beef,  52.93.  Per  cent  of  offal,  33. 

Syracuse  and  Little  Wonder  had  not  been  fattened  for  beef,  and  Signet  we 
had  fed  for  some  time,  but  she  was  not  what  beef  men  would  regard  fat. 

Taking  everything  into  consideration  we  think  this  shows  decidedly  to  the 
advantage  of  Holsteins  as  beef  animals. 

The  butchers  that  purchased  and  cut  up  the  carcasses  of  Signet  and  Little 
Wonder  send  us  the  following  strong  testimonial  as  to  the  quality  of  the  beef 
of  these  two  cows: 

SYRACUSE,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  11,  1885. 
Messrs.  Smiths  &  Powell. 

GENTLEMEN:  We  were  much  pleased  with  the  two  Holstein  heifers  pur- 
chased of  you  last  month.  We  have  been  in  the  meat  business  for  the  last 
twenty-five  years  and  have  killed  all  grades  of  cattle,  the  best  we  could  find  in 
this  country,  but  never  have  we  had  any  that  would  equal  in  quality  those  pur- 
chased of  you.  We  had  a  great  many  compliments  from  the  leading  families  of 
the  city  in  regard  to  Holstein  beef.  Respectfully, 

W.  &  J.  FAGE, 

49  Warren  St. 

The  imported  Holstein  bull,  Ebbo,  five  years  old,  was  killed  at  the  Reming- 
ton Farm  in  Cazenovia: 

Weighed,  alive,  day  of  killing,  2,260  Ibs.  Dressed  beef,  1,313  Ibs.;  hide,  156 
Ibs.;  rough  tallow,  75  Ibs.  Per  cent  of  dressed  beef,  584-. 

Holstein  steers  have  proved  very  profitable  for  feeding.  J.  S.  Lang,  writing 
from  North  Vassalboro,  Me.,  says  :  "  My  experience  with  half-bloods  has  been 
very  gratifying;  they  outstrip  all  others  in  growth  on  the  same  food,  steers 
averaging  in  girth  at  eighteen  months  six  feet,  seven  inches.  My  experiments 
have  been  conducted  with  care,  and  my  conviction  is,  that  to  institute  an 
impartial  test  of  Holsteins  and  Shorthorns,  it  would  be  found  that  the  Holstein 
stock  would  cost  the  least  per  pound."  As  Holsteins  have  been  recently  intro- 
duced into  the  West,  but  little  has  been  done  in  testing  their  value  strictly  for 
beef,  as  the  best  grade  bulls  have  been  kept  for  breeding ;  but  as  far  as  they 
have  been  tried,  have  given  good  satisfaction. 

Half-blood  steers  in  Illinois  have  attained  a  weight  of  over  1,300  Ibs.  at  two 
years  old,  and  1,900  Ibs.  at  four  years  old. 

Gray  &  Van  Waters,  West  Salem,  Wis.,  report  as  follows:  We  sold  one 
yoke  of  half-blood  Holsteins,  two  years  and  three  months  old,  weighing  2,650 
Ibs  Andy  McEldowny  sold  thirteen  head  of  half-bloods  average  two  years 
and  three  months,  average  weight  1,345  Ibs.  The  man  who  bought  them  said 
he  had  bought  and  shipped  cattle  for  twenty  years  and  they  were  the  best  lot 
he  had  ever  shipped.  The  oldest  of  the  thirteen  was  two  years  and  four  months 
old,  and  weighed  1,600  Ibs.  They  were  sold  to  Daniel  Gargle  of  Sparta,  and 
brought  in  Milwaukee  $5.50  per  100  Ibs. 

Amos  Edmunds,  Disco,  111.,  writes:  I  shall  give  the  experience  of  a  few 
practical  feeders  as  to  the  fattening  qualities  of  Holstein  steers. 

I  have  sold  a  great  many  grade  steers  of  this  breed  to  feeders  in  this  vicin- 
ity, and  all  have  given  satisfaction. 

During  the  winter  of  1883-4  L.  C.  Maynard  &  Sons  of  La  Harpe,  111.,  who 
are  practical  men,  also  perfectly  reliable  in  all  respects,  fed  several  grade  Hol- 
stein steers  in  the  same  feed  yard  with  high  grade  Shorthorns,  and  they 
informed  the  writer  that  the  Holsteins  made  as  large  a  growth  and  fatted  as 
readily  as  the  Shorthorns,  in  fact,  they  said  their  best  steer,  according  to  their 
judgment,  was  a  Holstein  from  my  herd.  This  firm  have  always  bred  Shorthorn 
cattle,  but  they  claim  they  would  just  as  soon  buy  a  good  grade  Holstein  to 
feed  as  a  good  Shorthorn.  I  have  heard  other  practical  feeders  make  the  same 
statement. 

J.  B.  Fort  of  Olena,  111.,  raised  a  carload  of  grade  Holsteins  that  were  sired 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS  FOR  BEEF.  143 

by  a  bull  that  the  writer  once  owned.  They  were  fed  till  they  were  two  years 
old  and  shipped  to  Chicago,  and  brought  within  ten  cents  per  hundred  pounds 
of  the  top  of  the  market.  Every  experienced  shipper  knows  that  it  takes 
choice  steers  to  bring  them  within  ten  cents  of  the  top  of  the  market,  especially 
after  they  have  been  shipped  over  200  miles.  This  entire  carload  was  purchased 
by  an  exporter  and  shipped  to  England. 

William  K.  Gittings,  a  neighbor  to  the  writer  and  a  large  farmer  and  stock 
breeder,  says  that  he  never  fed  a  steer  of  any  breed  that  gave  any  better 
satisfaction  than  a  three-fourths  Holstein  that  came  from  my  herd.  I  could 
name  many  other  reliable  men  who  have  fed  Holstein  steers  with  splendid 
results.  The  butchers  in  this  vicinity  claim  that  they  never  slaughtered  better 
beef  animals  than  some  grade  Holsteins  that  I  sold  them. 

Now  of  course  some  Holsteins  are  much  better  formed  for  beef  than  others, 
and  some  strains  of  families  will  fatten  better  than  others. 

I  have  seen  some  Holstein  cows  that  were  as  well  formed  for  beef  as  the  best 
quality  of  Shorthorns,  in  fact  the  writer  owns  a  few  such,  and  my  observation 
and  experience  is,  that  they  are  as  deep  milkers  as  those  of  the  so-called  milk 
form. 

This  assertion  may  provoke  some  discussion  as  the  popular  opinion  is,  that 
a  cow  of  superior  beef  form  cannot  be  a  deep  milker. 

There  are  a  great  many  theories  and  opinions  advanced  as  to  deep  milkers 
that  are  not  true,  and  this  is  one  of  them.  It  is  true,  however,  that  a  great 
many  deep  milkers  are  of  inferior  form  for  beef,  but  all  deep  milkers  are  not  of 
this  class.  My  plan  and  advice  is,  to  breed  for  beef  as  well  as  milk,  and  I  find 
that  it  can  be  done  without  injuring  in  the  least  the  milk  and  butter  producing 
qualities.  My  experience  and  observation  is  that  the  shape  of  a  cow  has  very 
little  to  do  with  her  dairy  qualities.  There  are  other  points  that  figure  more 
than  form,  such  as  good  constitution,  good  appetite,  good  digestive  powers,  large 
paunch,  well  developed  udder  and  milk  veins. 

A  cow  may  possess  all  these  points  and  yet  have  a  splendid  form  for  beef. 

In  1880,  Judge  William  Fullerton  of  New  York,  writing  on  the  subject  of 
Holsteins  for  beef,  in  answer  to  a  Mr.  Wright,  said: 

Those  who  have  seen  these  splendid  cattle,  either  in  this  country  or  in 
their  native  polders,  would  readily  conclude  upon  reading  Mr.  Wright's  article 
that  he  had  never  had  the  good  fortune  to  see  one  of  them.  I  have  seen  tens  of 
thousands  of  them  in  Holland,  and  if  they  were  to  be  judged  by  their  appear- 
ance alone,  they  would  compare  favorably  with  the  general  average  of  Short- 
horn, either  in  England  or  this  country.  I  spent  one  whole  day  in  examining 
the  cattle  at  the  late  Paris  Exhibition,  and  in  general  appearance  the  Holstein 
divided  the  honors  with  the  best  specimens  of  Shorthorns  which  England  could 
produce.  In  size  they  excelled  them;  in  capacity  for  taking  on  flesh  they 
seemed  to  be  quite  their  equal,  and  for  milking  qualities  were  unapproachable. 
The  owners  of  the  best  Shorthorns  exhibited  were  among  the  principal  admirers 
of  these  Holsteins.  The  Hollanders  seemed  to  be  quite  satisfied  with  them  in 
every  respect,  for  while  London  has  large  daily  supplies  of  beef  from  Holland, 
I  failed  to  find  a  single  Shorthorn  in  the  latter  country. 

For  making  veal  the  Holstein  stands  without  a  peer.  It  is  very  seldom  that 
a  calf  will  consume  the  milk  that  a  dam  gives.  The  result  is  that  the  calves 
grow  rapidly  and  fatten  quickly.  If  Mr.  Wright  could  stand  on  the  wharf  at 
Flushing  in  Holland,  as  I  have  done,  and  see  a  steamboat  depart  for  the  Lon- 
don market  loaded  with  veal  calves,  which  for  size  and  condition  surpassed 
anything  he  ever  dreamed  of,  he  would  conclude  that  the  English  people  had  a 
better  opinion  of  the  Holsteins  than  he  has.  And  if  he  will  take  the  trouble  to 
visit  a  herd  of  Holsteins  of  which  I  could  tell  him  in  this  country,  numbering 
now  about  one  hundred  head,  he  would  see  a  number  of  cows,  each  of  which 
will  turn  the  scales  at  1,600  Ibs.,  and  the  bull  that  will  do  it  quickly  at  3,000 
Ibs.  He  will  acknowledge  that  their  hides  are  no  insignificant  item  in  their 
owners'  balance  sheet,  and  he  will  be  forced  to  conclude  from  manipulation 
that  there  is  an  ample  supply  of  beef  and  tallow  within  them.  It  is  of  no  use 
to  decry  the  Holsteins,  for  they  are  a  very  valuable  breed  of  cattle,  and  will 
inevitably  make  their  mark  in  this  country.  When  a  cow  will  give  from 
twenty  to  forty  quarts  of  milk  daily,  and  when  too  old  for  the  dairy  will  yield 
as  much  beef  and  tallow  as  a  Shorthorn,  she  is  not  to  be  despised. 

In  1896  the  first  prize  in  the  beef  class  at  the  State  Fair  of  Minnesota  was 
taken  by  a  Holstein.  The  first  prize  beef  cow  weighed  1,965  Ibs. 


38 

M  | 

W  § 

w  ^ 

I  * 

o  4J 

»  8 

,  pq 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS  FOR  BEEF.  145 

H.  &  W.  Bollert,  Cassel,  Ont.,  write  :  We  had  an  opportunity  of  testing  a 
pure-bred  Holstein-Friesian  heifer  for  beef  this  fall,  1896.  She  was  imported  as  a 
calf  from  North  Holland  in  June,  1883,  and  was  the  smallest  among  the  import- 
ation. We  purchased  her  in  October  of  the  same  year,  and  gave  her  ordinary 
good  care  that  winter,  and  nothing  but  grass  during  the  summer.  Finding  then 
that  she  had  not  bred,  we  kept  her  thin  the  next  two  winters  (thinking  by  this 
method  we  could  start  her  to  breed).  She  received  no  grain  whatever  during 
this  time.  Her  feed  consisted  of  straw,  chaff  and  a  little  corn  fodder.  Finding 
now  that  she  would  not  breed,  we  concluded  to  feed  her.  We  stall-fed  her  just 
four  months  and  then  sold  her  to  Mr.  Ben  Johnson  of  Stratford,  Ont.,  for  Xmas 
beef.  She  was  now  three  years  and  eight  months  old  and  weighed  1,880  Ibs. 
During  the  last  sixty-three  days  she  made  a  gain  of  exactly  4  Ibs.  per  day. 

She  was  the  best  feeder  we  ever  saw  of  any  breed  and  would  easily  have 
carried  from  300  to  400  Ibs.  of  beef  more  if  she  had  been  thoroughly  fatted. 
We  are  thoroughly  pleased  with  the  result,  and  believe  that  Holsteins  can  hold 
their  own  (even  as  beefers). 

Daniel  E.  Bandman  of  Missoula,  Mont.,  writes :  For  Montana,  Shorthorn 
and  Polled  Angus  are  no  earthly  use ;  Holsteins  are  the  cattle  for  us.  They 
rnilk  well  and  make  magnificent  beef. 

Holstein  breeders  of  the  West  are  well  aware  of  the  fact  that  buyers  of 
feeding  cattle  discriminate  against  our  breed  when  selecting  their  herds  for  the 
feed  lot.  The  question  has  often  been  asked,  why  is  it  ?  Mr.  W.  F.  Whitney  of 
Mexico,  Mo.,  thus  explains:  There  can  be  but  one  answer.  When  a  buyer 
visits  your  herd,  he  does  so  with  the  determination  to  buy  for  as  little  money  as 
possible.  He  knows  that  at  least  one-half  of  the  profit  in  feeding  a  bunch  of 
cattle  is  made  in  the  buying,  hence  it  is  that  he  is  on  the  lookout  to  pick  out 
the  flaws  in  what  you  offer  for  sale.  He  never  calls  your  attention  to  the  best 
in  the  lot,  and  be  they  ever  so  even  in  condition,  size  and  form,  if  there  happens 
to  be  a  few  black-and-white  steers,  be  they  Holsteins  or  of  another  breed,  he  is 
ready  to  point  them  out  and  say  something  like  this  :  "  Well,  friend,  you  have 
a  very  nice  lot  of  steers,  just  such  as  I  am  looking  for  ;  but  I  cannot  pay  your 
price  unless  you  cut  out  those  black-and-white  fellows  over  there."  He  knows 
the  objection  the  farmer  has  to  dividing  his  cattle,  especially  when  such  a  divis- 
ion leaves  only  a  few  head  on  his  hands.  "  But,"  says  the  farmer,  "  what's  the 
matter  with  those  steers  ?  Are  they  not  as  large  and  in  as  good  condition  and 
form  as  the  others?"  "  Well,  yes  ;  but  they  are  Holsteins,  and  when  I  get  to 
market  with  them  the  buyers  there  will  cut  the  price  on  them,  so  if  you  can  not 
cut  them  out  I  can  not  buy  them  except  you  take  off  $1.00  per  head  on  the 
bunch."  "The  cat  is  out  of  the  bag."  The  farmer  takes  off  $1.00  per  head, 
cusses  the  Holsteins  up  one  side  and  down  the  other,  tells  his  neighbor  if  it 
hadn't  been  for  Holsteins  in  his  lot  of  cattle,  he  would  have  sold  for  one  dollar 
more  on  the  head.  The  buyer  drives  the  cattle  to  his  feed  lot,  very  much  grati- 
fied at  the  shrewd  trick  he  has  played,  weighs  up  the  cattle  to  see  what  price 
per  cwt.  they  have  cost  him,  and  in  so  doing,  he  weighs  the  black-and-whites 
separately,  puts  them  all  in  together  and  feeds  for  the  market.  When  he  ships 
out  he  again  weighs  up  to  ascertain  what  gain  in  weight  his  cattle  have  made. 
Again  he  weighs  the  Holsteins  separately  and  finds  that  they  have  gained  more 
pounds  per  head  than  any  cattle  in  the  lot.  Do  the  market  buyers  cut  the  price 
on  his  cattle  on  account  of  the  Holsteins?  Well,  they  may  try  the  same  shrewd 
scheme  that  he  made  work  so  well  on  the  farmer,  but  the  cattle  feeder  has  been 
to  market  with  cattle  before  this  time  and  he  knows  the  game  too  well  to  let 
them  play  him  for  a  "  sucker."  He  knows  there  is  no  material  difference  in  the 
cattle,  one  is  as  fat  as  the  other  and  will  dress  as  much  per  cwt.,  live  weight,  so 
he  declines.  The  cattle  are  sold,  the  hides  taken  off,  and  no  man  on  earth  can 
tell  which  is  the  Holstein  or  which  is  the  Shorthorn  beef.  I  have  fed  cattle  for 
the  market  and  have  bought  and  sold  cattle  of  beef  breeds,  and  am  competent 
to  at  least  judge  within  a  narrow  margin  of  the  difference  in  the  value  of  two 
beef  animals  if  placed  side  by  side.  Some  time  since  I  shipped  a  carload  of 
Holsteins  from  Kansas  into  Missouri,  and  while  waiting  reshipment  in  the  Kan- 
sas City  yards,  I  had  the  pleasure  of  meeting  a  cattle  feeder  from  Eastern  Kan- 
sas. He  was  shipping  to  the  Chicago  market  three  cars  of  four-year-old  cattle, 
every  one  of  which  was  fully  matured  and  weighed  an  average  of  over  1,700  Ibs. 
This  gentleman  told  me  that  he  had  bought  this  lot  of  cattle  when  they  were 
two  years  old,  hence  he  had  owned  them  for  two  years.  They  had  been  pas- 
tured and  fed  together ;  he  had  weighed  them  at  intervals  during  the  time  he 


146 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


had  owned  them,  commencing  at  the  time  of  purchase,  and  in  every  particular 
each  animal  had  the  same  opportunity  to  grow  and  fatten.  These  cattle,  strange 
to  say,  were  made  up  of  Grade  Shorthorns,  Herefords,  Polled  Angus  and  Hoi- 
steins,  about  equally  divided  as  to  breeds.  In  answer  to  my  questions  as  to  the 
beef  and  feeding  qualities  of  the  Holsteins  compared  with  the  beef  breeds,  he 
stated  that  the  Holsteins  in  this  lot  of  cattle  had  gained  in  weight  from  125  to 
375  Ibs.  more  than  any  of  the  others.  That  one  Holstein  steer  had  gained  375 
Ibs.  more  than  any  other  steer  in  the  lot,  and  the  lightest  gain  of  the  Holsteins 
was  125  Ibs.  more  than  the  gain  of  any  of  the  regular  beef  breeds.  I  examined 
these  cattle  closely  and  there  was  no  material  difference  between  them  as  to 
form  ;  they  all  showed  thick  fat  and  were  smooth  and  straight.  I  have  been 
told  by  other  feeders  that  the  Holsteins  would  gain  more  pounds  in  a  given  time 
than  any  other  breed.  Holsteins  I  admit  are  not  so  smooth  and  symmetrical  in 
form  as  the  purely  bred  beef  breeds,  but  they  compare  quite  well  with  the  gen- 
eral average  of  beef  cattle  that  are  sent  to  market.  It  is  all  "bosh,"  this  thing 
of  Holstein  beef  not  being  as  good  in  quality  as  the  other  breeds.  I  have  seen 


JOHANNA  5TH,  No.  9343  H.  F.  H.  B.   ,... 
Winner  Wisconsin  Butter  Test  of  1894. 

them  on  the  block  and  have  it  on  my  own  table  and  can  certify  as  to  the  good 
quality  of  a  well  fatted  Holstein.  I  want  no  better.  One  word  to  the  farmer 
and  I  am  done.  If  you  have  a  number  of  native  cows,  buy  a  first-class  Holstein 
bull  (dairy  form).  The  progeny  of  the  cross  will  be  a  smooth  lot  of  steer  calves 
that  will  sell  to  a  feeder  for  as  high  a  price  as  ordinary  steer  calves,  provided 
you  stand  him  off  when  he  objects  to  color,  etc.  The  heifer  calves  can  be  bred 
when  17  or  18  months  old  and  sold  to  the  dairymen  when  fresh  for  more  money 
than  same  age  steers  of  any  breed,  thereby  giving  you  a  market  for  your  heifer 
increase.  The  native  heifer,  a  grade  of  any  of  the  beef  breeds,  goes  begging  for 
a  buyer  at  two  years  old  at  $12.50  to  $18.00,  whereas  a  grade  Holstein  of  same 
age  will  sell  to  the  dairymen  at  $30  to  $50.  I  have  done  this  very  trick  and 
know  what  I  say  to  be  correct. 

Mr.  W.  K.  Sexton  in  an  address  before  the  Michigan  Holstein  Breeders 
meeting  in  1891,  said:  "The  butcher's  block  is  the  end  of  all  cattle.  While 
we  call  the  Holstein  cattle  a  dairy  breed,  we  will  say  they  are  a  large  breed, 
and  at  the  same  time  are  rapid  growers  of  a  fine  quality  of  very  sweet  beef, 
profitable  for  the  consumer." 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS  FOR  BEEF. 


147 


J.  B.  Dutcher  &  Son,  Pawling,  N.  Y.,  reported  in  January,  1891,  the  slaugh- 
ter of  a  Holstein-Friesian  cow,  Netherland  Jewel  3d,  that  won  first  prize  as  best 
fat  cow  of  any  breed  at  the  New  York  State  Fairs  of  1889-90,  in  competition 
with  Herefords,  Shorthorns,  Aberdeens,  Angus,  etc.  Her  live  weight  was  1,790 
Ibs.,  her  beef  weight,  when  thoroughly  cooled,  1,196  Ibs.,  which  was  66.8  per 
cent  of  her  live  weight.  The  fat  weighed  229  Ibs.;  hide,  90  Ibs.;  tongue,  11  ]bs.; 
feet,  22  Ibs. ;  and  liver  17  Ibs.  Those  to  whom  the  beef  was  distributed  pro- 
nounced it  of  most  excellent  quality,  being  juicy,  rich  and  tender.  Our  expe- 
rience with  Holstein-Friesians  not  only  demonstrates  that  they  are  the  greatest 
dairy  breed  in  exsistence,  but  rate  high  as  beef  animals. 

Further  testimony  regarding  the  quality  of  Holstein  beef  comes  from  no 
less  a  judge  than  William  J.  Chittenden,  of  the  Russell  House,  Detroit,  writing 
in  1891  to  Mr.  Davenport,  gave  his  opinion  on  the  beef  from  the  Michigan  college 
as  follows,  the  test  having  been  independently  made  by  his  partner,  Mr. 


KONINGIN  VAN  FRIESLAND  5TH,  No.  3302  H.  H.  B. 
Milk  record,  19,700  Ibs.  1-2  oz.  in  one  year  as  a  three-year-old. 

McCreary,  by  his  steward  and  by  himself:  "We  made  a  thorough  test  of  the 
qualities  of  the  beef  sent  to  us  by  Mr.  Dixon,  with  the  following  result:  Devon 
first,  and  by  all  odds  the  best  flavor;  Galloway,  Holstein,  Hereford  and  Short- 
horn in  the  order  I  have  written.  I  will  add  that  all  were  splendid  samples  of 
beef.  I  have  never  seen  better.  The  poorest  would  satisfy  me  for  the  Russell 
House.  The  steaks  were  all  numbered,  and  we  each  noted  our  own  opinion, 
and  all  agreed. " 

But  California  comes  with  a  still  brighter  bit  of  evidence  in  the  beef  line, 
and  while  we  are  a  little  bit  disposed  to  chide  the  late  millionaire  champion  of 
the  black-and-whites  on  the  Pacific  coast,  one  Leland  Stanford  by  name,  for  not 
publishing  full  details  regarding  so  large  an  experiment  as  he  was  carrying  on 
with  Holstein  steers,  we  must  content  ourselves  with  a  Sacramento  News  item 
which  is,  in  substance,  that  C.  Swanton,  the  wholesale  butcher,  purchased 
recently  (December,  1891)  from  the  Vina  ranch,  Senator  Stanford's  Holstein 


148  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 

cattle,  fattened  expressly  for  the  Christmas  market.  Experts  who  have  viewed 
the  animals  declare  that  no  such  beef  cattle  were  ever  seen  in  this  section. 
They  are  as  fat  as  they  can  roll,  and  will  dress  from  1,200  to  1,500  Ibs.  They  have 
been  fed  for  two  years  past  for  the  holiday  market,  and  are  in  the  highest  state 
of  perfection. 

Henry  Stevens,  of  Lacona,  N.  Y.,  writes:  I  had  a  thoroughbred  Holstein- 
Friesian  cow,  five  years  old,  that  I  fattened.  She  dropped  her  first  calf  at 
twenty-two  months  old.  Owing  to  her  being  over-driven,  she  never  has  bred 
since.  I  milked  her  until  about  December  1,  1887.  I  then  fed  her  until  May  7, 
1888,  when  I  sold  her  to  Mr.  A.  R.  Cook,  a  butcher  in  our  village.  The  morning 
he  took  her  away  she  had  no  grain  or  water.  She  was  led  to  the  village  a  dis- 
tance of  three  miles  and  kept  without  feed  or  water  until  about  four  o'clock  in 
the  afternoon,  when  she  was  weighed  and  then  butchered,  only  being  off  from 
hay  eight  hours  and  grain  and  water  twenty-two  hours. 

Her  live  weight  was  1,240  Ibs.  Her  dressed  weight  was  as  follows:  Meat, 
690  Ibs.;  hide,  72  Ibs.;  tallow,  50  Ibs.  Total,  812  Ibs.;  shrinking  428  Ibs.  or 
about  33  1-3  per  cent.  This  I  consider  a  good  showing  when  in  view  of  the  small 
amount  of  tallow  she  had. 

Mr.  Cook  says  he  has  butchered  over  fifteen  years  and  never  has  had  a  nicer 
carcass  of  beef  in  his  market,  or  beef  that  gave  better  satisfaction  to  his  cus- 
tomers. This  cow  was  a  granddaughter  of  Dowager,  No.  7  H.  H.  B.,  and  gave  as 
high  as  40  Ibs.  of  milk  per  day,  after  being  in  milk  over  two  years.  This  is  the 
only  thoroughbred  I  ever  fattened.  There  have  been  several  grades  butchered 
in  my  neighborhood  and  all  gave  good  satisfaction.  Grade  Holstein-Friesian 
calves  have  no  superior  as  veal  calves. 

There  are  many  calves  fattened  in  this  section.  All  buyers  say  they  find 
nothing  equal  to  them  and  I  think  that  there  is  no  cow  of  any  breed,  when  not 
giving  milk,  that  will  take  on  flesh  as  fast  according  to  the  amount  of  food  con- 
sumed as  the  Holstein-Friesian,  and  I  see  no  reason  why  the  Holstein-Friesians 
do  not  compare  favorably  for  beef  with  other  breeds  which  are  bred  especially 
for  that  purpose.  When  we  take  into  account  their  great  milk  and  butter 
qualities,  they  in  my  opinion  far  excel  any  other  breed  as  a  general  purpose  cow. 

Gus  Head,  of  Alton  Junction,  near  Alton,  111.,  writes:  "  I  sold  three  two- 
year-old  half-blood  Holstein  steers  last  week  for  Easter  beeves,  and  they  made 
quite  a  stir  in  Alton  as  they  passed  through  the  bustling  old  city.  One  weighed 
1,780,  the  second  1,640,  and  third,  1,570  Ibs.  The  leading  butchers  of  Alton,  who 
killed  nothing  but  the  very  best,  say  they  were  as  fine  beeves  as  they  ever 
handled.  The  steers  were  from  common  cows,  were  nearly  three  years  old,  had 
been  fed  in  an  open  lot,  were  never  in  a  barn  or  had  any  extra  care  save  plenty 
of  feed. " 

At  this  rate  the  Holstein-Friesians  or  their  crosses  approach  nearer  the  "all 
purpose  cattle"  than  any  other  breed. 

Tyson  Bros.,  Berlin,  Ont.,  write :  The  meat  is  of  uniform  color,  firm  and 
light  in  color,  the  fat  white.  They  are  invariably  large  for  their  age.  We  have 
killed  last  season  calves  of  3|  weeks  old  which  weighed  120  Ibs.  dressed  veal, 
and  4^  weeks  old  which  weighed  140  Ibs.  These  were  grades.  We  have  also 
killed  quite  a  number  of  high-grade  and  half-bred  heifers.  They  killed  well  and 
dressed  well,  with  very  little  loss  in  dressing,  The  meat  is  fine  in  the  grain, 
and  the  fat  firm  and  white.  Taking  them  as  a  class,  they  are,  in  my  opinion, 
far  ahead  of  any  of  the  milking  strains,  on  account  of  their  size  and  color  of 
beef  and  veal.  The  grade  calves  are  very  large  and  fat  for  their  age,  and,  pro- 
vided a  calf  is  raised  and  does  not  prove  a  good  milker,  the  animal  is  large 
enough  to  make  a  good  carcass  of  dressed  beef,  and  bring  a  good  price  from  the 
butcher. 

William  Burton,  Brampton,  Ont.,  writes:  In  reference  to  the  Holstein 
heifer  I  got  from  you  last  year,  I  beg  to  inform  you  that  I  was  well  pleased  with 
it,  both  as  regards  weight  (862  Ibs.)  and  quality,  it  being  one  of  the  best  I  have 
killed  since  I  have  been  in  this  country.  I  have  killed  a  great  many  of  the  same 
breed  in  England,  both  as  beef  and  veal,  and  always  found  them  give  good  satis- 
faction. Should  you  feed  any  more  at  any  time,  kindly  give  me  the  offer  of 
them,  and  I  will  give  you  the  highest  market  value  for  them. 

R.  Marshall,  Edmonton,  Ont.,  writes:  A  grade  Holstein  calf  raised  by  me 
in  1891  weighed  530  Ibs.  at  five  months  of  age.  He  was  a  splendid  feeder,  and 
took  on  flesh  rapidly,  evenly  and  economically. 

William  Lang,  Sundridge,  Ont.,  writes:     I  have  butchered  several  of  the 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS  FOR  BEEF. 


149 


grade  H'olsteins,  and  found  them  the  best  of  their  age  I  have  ever  killed.  The 
beef  is  of  the  best  quality.  I  killed  a  calf  which  I  bought  from  Mr.  J.  Paget 
which  dressed  350  IDS.,  it  being  only  seven  months  old,  and  was  fed  only  in  the 
common  way. 

J.  A.  Awell,  Newcastle,  Ont.,  writes  :  I  am  pleased  to  be  able  to  chronicle 
my  testimony  in  favor  of  your  Holstein  breed  of  calves  for  vealing  purposes, 
having  purchased  one  from  H.  A.  Adams,  Esq. '  At  four  weeks  old  it  weighed 
145  Ibs.  dessed,  the  meat  being  of  good  quality  and  giving  entire  satisfaction. 

James  Coulson,  Newcastle,  Ont.,  writes:  I  bought  a  calf  from  Mr.  H.  A. 
Adams,  bred  from  Hienise's  King,  which  weighed  alive  at  four  weeks  old  197 
Ibs.,  the  meat  of  which  gave  me  entire  satisfaction,  being  a  good  color,  and  cut 
to  good  advantage,  and  I  might  add  that  I  never  had  as  good  a  calf  in  every 
particular  of  any  other  breed. 


KONINGIN  VAN  FRIESLAND  PIETERTJE. 


Mr.  George  W.  Knorr,  Clarks  Station,  Ky.,  in  a  prize  article  which  appeared 
in  the  Holstein-Friesian  Register,  March  1,  1892,  said  :  "  When  Holstein  calves 
are  fed  with  the  same  care  that  cows  are  fed,  very  satisfactory  weights  are 
obtained,  equalling  or  even  surpassing  those  of  any  beef  breed.  I  do  not  pro- 
fess much  skill  in  this  line,  in  fact  am  just  beginning  to  learn  ;  yet  my  veals 
rarely  fall  below  150  Ibs.  in  weight  at  six  weeks  old,  and  frequently  attain  200 
Ibs.  The  heaviest  veals  I  have  obtained  so  far  were  one  which  weighed  210  Ibs. 
at  seven  weeks,  and  another  220  at  five  weeks.  (This  last,  however,  had  the 
phenomenal  weight  of  124  Ibs.  at  birth  to  start  with.)  My  skim-milk — sepa- 
rator-skimmed— when  fed  to  calves,  returns  three  and  four  cents  per  gallon. 
Poor  produce  will  fetch  poor  prices,  good  produce  good  prices,  and  extra  good 
produce  extra  good  prices.  This  applies  to  everything  sold  off  of  the  farm,  and 
to  veal  as  well.  Every  Holstein  calf  has  the  stuff  in  it  to  make  extra  good 
veal,  with  proper  care,  and  will  realize  prices  accordingly.  My  neighbor  has  to 
haul  to  market  four  90-lb.  calves  of  indifferent  color,  for  every  one  which  I 
sell." 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS  FOR  BEEF.  151 

J.  V.  Gotta  &  Sons,  Nursery,  111.,  write  (September  15,  1894):  "We  have 
had  what  we  believe  to  be  the  largest  bull-calf  on  record.  He  weighed  at  birth 
132  Ibs.  fair  and  square.  He  is  another  proof  of  the  old  saying  that  '  blood  will 
tell,'  his  sire  being  Sir  Aaggie  Clothilde,  7667,  bred  by  Smiths,  Powell  &  Lamb. 
Sir  Aaggie  Clothilde  is  sired  by  Clothilde  4th  Imperial,  that  Isaac  Damon 
described  as  *  colossal  in  size  and  a  perfect  Apollo,'  dam  of  Sir  Aaggie  Clothilde 
is  Aaggie  Lee,  a  daughter  of  Napoleon,  by  Jacob  2d.  Aaggie  Lee  has  a  butter 
record  of  21  Ibs.  5  oz.  in  7  days  at  four  years  of  age.  The  dam  of  our  great  calf 
is  Blanche  W.,  5228  H.  H.  B.  Her  sire,  John  Clay,  947,  a  son  of  Sligo,  621,  and 
Maud  Clay,  making  him  a  half  brother  to  Lady  Baker.  Blanche  W.'s  dam  is 
Memento  2d,  875,  a  daughter  of  Pilgrim,  317,  consequently  a  half  sister  to  the 
great  cow  Rijaneta.  Besides  having  such  great  blood  back  of  him,  and  being 
colossal  in  size  to  start  on,  this  great  calf  is  one  of  the  best  individuals  we  have 
ever  seen." 

George  M.  Westfall  of  Stockbridge.  Mich.,  reports  that  his  cow  Stockbridge 
Maid,  8826  H.  F.,  on  October  23,  1891,  dropped  a  calf  weighing  143  Ibs.  at  birth. 

H.  Fulstone  of  Carson  City,  Nevada,  writes:  I  find  the  Holsteins  beat 
anything  for  veal  I  ever  raised. 

Mr.  W.  H.  Logan,  of  Seaton,  111.,  reports  a  bull  calf  from  a  heifer  two  years 
old,  which  weighed  102  Ibs.  at  birth. 

Mr.  Jonathan  Miller,  Nunda,  N.  Y.,  reports  a  bull  calf  from  an  imported 
cow,  which  at  birth  weighed  125  Ibs.  and  194  Ibs.  when  two  weeks  old. 

Mr.  B.  G.  Packard,  of  Rome,  N.  Y.,  reports  a  male  calf  which  weighed  at 
birth  120  Ibs. 

Mr.  James  C.  Cobb,  of  Dodd  City,  Texas,  reports  a  calf  from  a  two-year-old 
heifer  that  weighed  75  Ibs.  at  birth,  and  at  two  weeks  old  weighed  112  Ibs., 
showing  a  gain  of  2-£  Ibs.  per  day. 

Cram  Bros.,  Colfax,  Wash.,  write:  King  Barrington,  2741  H.  H.  B.,  weighed 
at  birth  129  Ibs.,  and  January  3,  1887,  the  day  on  which  he  was  nine  months  old 
he  turned  the  scales  at  1,014  Ibs.  This  calf  had  been  shipped  from  New  York 
state  to  Washington  when  ten  weeks  old  and  confined  in  transit  fourteen  days. 
The  gain  made  was  over  3^  Ibs.  per  day  since  birth. 

Mr.  Albert  French,  president  Hamilton  County  Agricultural  Society  of  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio,  in  an  address  before  Hamilton  County  Institute,  said:  Some  of 
our  calves  have  gained  from  90  to  100  Ibs.  per  month,  and  the  males  will  average 
an  increase  of  3  Ibs.  per  day  for  the  first  year. 

The  Holland  veal  is  of  great  renown,  the  London  market  being  largely  sup- 
plied from  this  source.  Calves  are  shipped  in  great  numbers  to  Detf ord  on  the 
Thames,  at  which  place  they  are  slaughtered  for  market. 

Newton  Bros,  of  State  Center,  Iowa,  report  the  weight  of  bull  calf  Marquis 
of  Salisbury,  1048  H.  F.  H.  B.,  as  follows:  At  birth  before  taking  milk,  116  Ibs.; 
at  six  months,  730  Ibs.;  on  day  he  was  ten  months  old  he  weighed  1,012  Ibs.  8  oz. 
This  was  an  average  growth  of  3£  Ibs.  per  day. 

L.  E.  Steinmetz,  of  Carthage,  Mo.,  reports  one  calf  104  days  old  that 
weighed  365  Ibs.;  another  110  days  old  weighed  340  Ibs. 

Mr.  E.  P.  Beauchamp,  of  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  writes.  All  butchers  who  have 
had  any  experience  with  Holstein  bullocks  and  calves  give  them  a  decided 
preference  over  all  other  breeds.  The  Holstein  calves  are  by  far  superior  to  all 
other  breeds  both  on  account  of  their  size  and  fine  fibrous  solid  flesh.  In  no 
case  have  the  calves  from  my  cows  weighed  less  than  80  Ibs.  at  birth  and  in 
several  cases  as  high  as  115  Ibs. 

H.  C.  Jewett  &  Co.,  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  report  weight  of  the  calf  Ofanto,  1155 
H.  F.  H.  B.,  at  six  months  of  age  as  702  Ibs. 

Professor  Morrow  reports  the  following  comparative  experiments  with 
calves  in  Rural  New  Yorker,  1886,  of  different  breeds  for  six  months  on  grass 
alone,  also  on  a  like  grain  ration.  In  giving  figures  we  quote  the  grain  fed 
always  first:  Ayrshires,  405  and  280;  Herefords,  400  and  263;  Holsteins,  515  and 
530;  Shorthorns,  400  and  250.  Showing  a  marked  superiority  for  the  Holsteins. 


CHAPTER  XVIII. 

AS  A   GENERAL  PURPOSE   CATTLE. 

If  the  Holstein-Friesian  is  large  and  makes  a  good  animal ;  if  she  gives 
immense  quantities  of  rich  milk;  if  her  milk  makes  an  abundance  of  good  but- 
ter and  cheese  at  a  low  relative  cost  for  food  consumed  ;  if  she  matures  early 
and  breeds  freely,  then  it  must  be  conceded  that  she  is  more  valuable  than  the 
cow  that  possesses  only  one  or  two  of  these  qualities. 

There  has  been  much  random  talk  against  the  general  purpose  cow.  One 
says  it  is  a  dream  not  to  be  realized,  another  that  it  is  a  fraud,  and  that  it  does 
not  pay  to  buy  a  poor  milker  for  your  dairy  because  she  will  make  good  beef 
when  you  have  milked  her  eight  or  ten  years.  And  still  another  says  those 
looking  for  the  general  purpose  cow  do  not  seem  to  realize  that  the  highest 
excellence  has  been  reached  only  on  the  line  of  specialties,  and  that  we  cannot 
combine  the  milk  form  and  beef  producing  form  in  the  same  animal  any  more 
than  we  can  secure  in  the  same  horse  the  best  running  form  and  the  best  draft 
form.  An  able  writer  and  editor  of  one  of  our  best  dairy  papers  says  that  a  cow 
must  be  for  one  thing  or  the  other,  for  a  special  purpose  or  else  a  failure,  and 
also  that  nine-tenths  of  the  farmers  want  a  combination  of  milk,  cheese,  butter 
and  beef  in  the  same  cow,  and  that  is  a  humbug. 

What  is  a  general  purpose  horse  ? 

Is  it  the  one  that  is  the  fleetest  runner,  the  greatest  trotter,  the  strongest 
draft,  the  most  stylish  carriage  horse,  all  combined  ? 

Or  is  it  the  horse  that  excels  in  none  of  these  specialties,  and  is  more  useful 
than  all  others,  the  farm  horse,  with  which  to  plough,  cultivate,  harvest  and 
thrash  our  grain,  draw  it  to  the  mill,  drive  twenty  or  thirty  miles  a  day  before 
buggy  or  carriage,  or  saddle  and  run  for  the  doctor?  Will  any  one  say  that 
this  horse  is  a  humbug  because  it  is  first  for  no  special  purpose? 

Put  your  thoroughbred  to  a  plough,  your  draft  horse  under  the  saddle  or 
before  a  carriage,  your  Maud  S.  to  draw  a  load  of  grain  to  the  mill,  and  it  will 
readily  be  seen  that  the  general  purpose  horse  is  superior  to  any  of  these  for  all 
these  uses. 

What  is  the  general  purpose  cow  that  nine-tenths  of  the  farmers  want? 

Is  it  one  which  excels  all  others  in  any  particular  branch,  such  as  producing 
the  greatest  quantity  or  best  quality  of  milk,  cheese,  butter  or  beef  ? 

Or  is  it  that  cow  which  is  profitable  for  each  of  these  purposes,  without 
excelling  in  any  one  ? 

Any  breed  of  cows  which  can  be  profitably  kept  for  these  various  uses 
deserves  the  name  of  general  purpose  cow.  Nine-tenths  of  the  farmers  are 
right  in  wanting  a  general  purpose  cow. 

When  the  market  is  glutted  with  milk  cheese  can  be  made,  when  cheese 
is  low  they  can  make  butter,  and  if  by  accident  a  cow  is  crippled  or  is 
getting  on  in  years,  she  can  be  profitably  turned  to  beef,  as  well  as  her  bull 
calves. 

The  wise  and  prudent  farmer,  by  breeding  general  purpose  cows,  runs  far 
less  risk  than  he  whose  eggs  are  all  in  one  basket. 

The  Holstein-Friesian,  whose  frame  is  large  and  well  adapted  to  producing 
beef,  is  also  superior  for  the  dairy.  This  breed  is  nearly,  if  not  quite,  as  large 
as  those  specially  bred  for  beef,  and  has  excelled  all  others  in  early  maturity, 
which  is  of  great  advantage  to  the  beef  producer.  No  breed  of  cattle  has  ever 
enjoyed  the  reputation  earned  by  Holstein-Friesians  as  great  milkers  nor  as 
cheese  producers. 

The  entire  province  of  North  Holland  is  devoted  almost  exclusively  to 
cheese  making,  and  in  Friesland  the  principal  occupation  of  the  people  is  butter 
making. 

The  Holstein-Friesian  also  excels  as  a  butter  cow.  In  America  many  of  the 
largest  butter  records  have  been  made  by  them,  both  individually  and  also 
entire  herds,  when  competing  with  a  special  purpose  cow,  and  all  others,  includ- 
ing the  famous  Jersey. 

(153) 
11 


154 


HOLSTEIN-FR1ESIAN  CATTLE. 


From  the  above  facts  it  is  evident  that  the  general  purpose  cow  is  not  only 
no  dream,  no  humbug,  no  fraud,  but  the  most  useful  of  all  breeds. 

The  Holstein-Friesian  surpasses  all  others  as  a  general  purpose  breed,  not 
only  because  it  is  profitable  for  milk,  for  butter  and  for  beef,  but  for  the  reason 
it  has  excelled  in  each  and  all  of  these  specialties. 

Without  disparaging  other  breeds,  it  must  be  admitted  that  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  has  won  its  way  in  this  country  to  popular  favor  in  a  remarkably  short 
period  of  time  and  to  a  remarkable  degree.  It  has  done  this  in  the  face  of 
stronger  prejudices  and  fiercer  criticisms  than  any  other  breed  has  ever 
encountered.  It  could  not  have  done  this  without  possessing  peculiar  qualities 
and  adaptations  that  answered  to  a  wide  demand.  Foremost  among  these  is  its 
ready  adaptation  to  more  than  one  purpose.  Theorists  may  condemn  a  "general 
purpose  "  cow  and  by  such  peculiar  logic  as  "  that  a  draft  horse  cannot  be  a  race 
horse  or  a  dump  cart  a  trotting  sulky,"  draw  the  inference  that  a  superior  dairy 
cow  cannot  be  a  good  beefing  animal,  but  the  fact  remains  that  our  dairymen 
are  demanding  just  such  an  animal,  and  that  the  most  popular  breeds  of  the 


LAKESIDE  CLARISSA,  No.  9916  H.  H.  B.;  ADVANCED  REGISTRY. 
Imported.    Milk  record,  7,776  Ibs.  15  oz,  in  ten  months.    Butter  record,  12  Ibs.  12  oz.  in  seven  days. 

world  have  been  characterized  by  this  double  adaptation,  writes  S.  Hoxie. 
Such  a  breed  was  the  original  Shorthorns  of  England  and  the  early  Shorthorns 
of  this  country,  and  such  are  now  the  most  highly- valued  breeds  of  Belgium, 
France,  Switzerland  and  Germany.  Practical  dairymen  all  over  the  world 
have  a  predilection  for  such  breeds,  founded  on  their  necessities  and  experi- 
ences. The  Holstein-Friesian  is  just  such  a  breed.  It  is  a  milk  and  beef  breed, 
the  milking  qualities  leading.  In  structure  the  general  type  is  milk  and  beef 
form.  This  involves  the  lateral  wedge  shape  of  the  milk  form,  with  the  broad, 
level  loins,  hips  and  rump,  and  rounded  body  of  the  beef  form.  There  is  noth- 
ing in  such  a  body,  or  in  such  loins,  hips  and  rump  to  preclude  in  the  slightest 
degree  the  most  extraordinary  productions  of  milk  or  butter. 

Its  constitutional  vigor  has  also  had  much  to  do  with  its  success.  Dairy- 
men as  a  class  want  vigorous  cattle  as  much  as  the  ranchmen.  Especially  is 
this  the  case  with  those  who  handle  large  herds  and  who  push  in  every  available 


AS  A  GENERAL  PURPOSE  CATTLE. 


155 


direction  for  the  largest  profits.  Vigorous  cows  can  be  fattened  with  compar- 
ative ease,  should  anything  occur  to  stop  them  from  producing  milk.  If  there 
is  a  demand  for  veal,  vigorous  cows  produce  large  and  healthy  calves.  Vigor- 
ous cows  need  comparatively  little  care,  they  make  the  most  of  their  food  and 
quickly  respond  to  generous  feeding.  Another  characteristic  of  this  breed  by 
which  it  has  won  popular  favor,  is  its  marked  docility.  Dairymen  do  not  want 
nervous  cattle,  all  the  fine-spun  theories  to  the  contrary.  They  want  cattle 
that  will  quietly  feed  under  whatever  circumstances  they  may  be  placed,  and 
then  quietly  digest  their  food.  Nervous  excitability  is  always  a  waster  of  the 
elements  of  food  that*  go  to  make  milk,  butter  and  beef.  Another  of  its  pecu- 
liarities is  its  ready  adaptation  to  all  sorts  of  climate.  It  is  profitably  used  in 
the  climate  of  France  and  Italy,  and  at  the  same  time  in  the  climate  of  North- 
ern Russia,  under  the  Arctic  Circle.  It  readily  adapts  itself  to  the  conditions  of 
all  localities  where  food  is  plenty,  excepting  extremely  mountainous  districts. 
Its  limbs  are  too  light  as  compared  with  its  weight  of  body  for  such  districts. 


LUTSCKE,  No.  8356  H.  H.  B. 

Imported.  Winner  of  gold  medal  and  $100  from  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  America  in  1889 
for  best  one  day  milk  record  at  any  fair;  yield,  73  Ibs.  12  oz.  First  prize  two-year-old  at  World's 
Exposition,  Amsterdam,  in  1884. 

Nothing  need  be  said  here  on  its  capacity  to  produce  either  milk  or  butter. 
Reports  of  its  records  and  its  triumphs  in  competitions  with  other  breeds  are 
constantly  being  published.  Within  fifteen  years  it  has  added  more  than  one- 
third  to  the  popular  idea  of  the  amount  of  milk  that  a  cow  may  be  made  to 
produce,  and  the  limit  is  probably  not  yet  reached.  In  butter  production  it  has 
taken  no  secondary  place.  In  veal  production  it  is  unequaled.  Only  in  beef 
production  does  it  take  a  secondary  position,  yet  by  no  means  an  unimportant 
one.  It  materially  assists  in  making  up  a  balance  on  the  right  side  of  a  dairy- 
man's account.  There  is  another  fact  in  connection  with  this  breed,  in  this 
country,  that  should  not  be  overlooked,  which  has  had  and  will  continue  to 
have  much  to  do  with  its  success.  It  is  largely  in  the  hands  of  clear-sighted, 
energetic  men.  The  leading  breeders  which  give  character  and  vitality  to  the 
Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  America  are  progressive  and  are  constantly 
improving  their  herds.  They  are  breeding  their  cattle  more  and  more  to 
symmetrical  forms  and  constantly  increasing  the  richness  of  the  milk.  In 
these  respects  they  have  already  far  surpassed  the  Holland  breeders.  The  pecu- 
liar flexibility  of  the  breed  makes  it  susceptible  to  such  improvements,  and  the 


156 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE 


association  is  stimulating  them.     There  is  no  indication  that  this  policy  will  be 
changed.     If  it  is  not,  we  see  no  end  to  the  popularity  of  these  cattle. 

One  of  the  favorite  theories  of  our  times  is  that  the  nearer  a  cow  approaches 
the  technical  milk  form  the  more  profitable  she  must  necessarily  be  for  exclu- 
sive dairy  purposes.  In  order  to  test  the  truth  of  this  theory  let  us  in  imagina- 
tion place  side  by  side  a  model  of  the  milk  form  and  a  model  of  the  beef  form, 
and  construct  therefrom  the  milk  and  beef  form,  and  see  if  we  have  to  leave  out 
anything  of  the  former  that  is  really  valuable.  To  begin,  we  find  that  both 
models  have  fine  heads  and  limbs,  indicative  of  fineness  of  bones  throughout 
both  structures.  It  follows  that  this  fineness  goes  into  the  milk  and  beef  form. 
We  find  that  in  the  milk  form  the  chine  is  high  and  sharp,  and  in  the  beef  form 
broad  and  flat.  The  latter  goes  into  the  milk  and  beef  form.  By  it  do  we  lose 
anything  in  milking  ability  or  increase  the  cost  of  production  ?  We  think  not, 
but  rather  increase  the  strength  and  vigor  so  essential  in  a  profitable  dairy  cow. 


MAID  OF  VERNON,  No.  2372  H.  H.  B. ;  413  ADVANCED  REGISTRY. 
Milk  record,  68  Ibs.  in  one  day;  1741  Ibs.  3  oz.  in  thirty  days. 

We  also  find  that  the  loin  and  hips  of  the  milk  form  are  angular  and  compara- 
tively narrow,  while  those  of  the  beef  form  are  comparatively  broad,  smooth 
and  level.  The  latter  style  goes  into  the  milk  and  beef  form,  and  again  we  ask, 
by  it  do  we  lose  anything  in  milking  ability  or  add  anything  to  the  cost  of 
production  ?  Those  broad,  strong,  -level  hips  seem  to  us  just  the  best  possible 
frame  from  which  a  magnificent  udder  may  be  suspended.  We  also  find  that 
the  rump  of  the  milk  form  is  carried  out  comparatively  narrow  and  angular, 
while  that  of  the  beef  form  is  broad,  smooth  and  level  to  the  extremity.  The 
latter  style  goes  into  the  milk  and  beef  form,  and  once  more  we  ask,  by  it  do 
we  lose  anything  in  milking  ability  or  add  anything  to  the  cost  of  production  ? 
Certainly  not,  for  the  pelvis  is  just  as  roomy  or  more  so  than  in  the  milk  form, 
and  this  is  the  essential  thing  at  this  point  in  a  superior  milch  cow. 

Passing  downward  we  find  the  twist  open  and  roomy  in  the  milk  form,  close 
and  full  in  the  beef  form.    The  former  goes  into  the  milk  and  beef  form.     We 


AS  A  GENERAL  PURPOSE  CATTLE.  157 

also  find  the  lower  part  of  the  hams  light  in  the  milk  form  and  heavy  in  the 
beef  form.  Again  the  former  goes  into  the  milk  and  beef  form.  Passing  for- 
ward we  find  the  milk  form  has  loose,  thin  shoulders,  a  light  brisket  and  a 
comparatively  narrow  chest,  while  the  beef  form  has  a  broad  and  deep  chest, 
a  heavy  brisket  and  broad,  thick,  compact  shoulders.  Neither  of  these  styles 
go  into  the  milk  and  beef  form,  but  rather  a  medium  between  the  two.  The 
shoulders  are  smoother  and  more  compact  than  in  the  milk  form,  but  much 
lighter  in  weight  than  in  the  beef  form,  as  also  is  the  brisket.  The  chest  is  not 
so  deep  as  in  the  beef  form  but  the  width  through  at  the  heart  is  retained.  A 
degree  of  strength  and  vigor  is  thus  obtained  that  is  not  found  in  the  milk  form. 
Only  one  more  essential  thing  remains  to  be  described.  In  the  milk  form  the 
abdomen  is  swung  low  and  its  sides  are  steep  and  flat,  while  in  the  beef  form 
it  is  no  less  capaciou9,  though  trimly  held  up  and  round.  The  latter  style 
goes  to  complete  the  milk  and  beef  form.  And  as  we  have  repeatedly  asked  in 
regard  to  other  parts,  by  it  do  we  lose  anything  in  milking  ability  or*  add  any- 
thing to  the  cost  of  production  '?  The  stomach  and  other  internal  organs  have 
just  as  much  room  and  their  activity  cannot  be  diminished  in  the  least  by  this 
style.  And  it  indicates  great  constitutional  vigor. 

We  venture  the  assertion  that  more  than  half  of  the  superior  dairy  cows  of 
our  country,  if  classified  according  to  their  structures,  would  be  included  in  this 
milk  and  beef  form.  And  in  all  countries,  where  dairying  is  carried  on  exten- 
sively, the  same  would  be  true.  The  dairy  Shorthorns  of  England  are  of  this 
form,  the  Brown  Schwytzers  of  Central  Europe  are  of  this  form,  and  the  great 
majority  of  the  dairy  cattle  of  Holland,  Belgium  and  Northern  France.  The 
great  cow  Clothilde  was  a  perfect  milk  and  beef  formed  animal.  The  famous 
cow  Pietertje  2d  must  be  classified  in  this  form.  And  many  of  the  most  famous 
Ayrshires  and  Jerseys  have  closely  approached  this  form.  It  is  the  form  that 
practical  dairymen,  with  minds  uninfluenced  by  theories,  almost  invariably 
prefer.  It  would  be  well  if  our  theorists  would  rely  less  upon  words,  the  mean- 
ings of  which  they  really  know  but  little,  and  learn  more  of  the  facts  about 
which  they  presume  to  express  themselves. 

The  production  of  fat  in  an  animal  is  a  physiological  function,  whether  the 
fat  is  in  the  tissues  or  the  milk,  and  must  come  from  the  food,  and  it  has  been 
shown  beyond  a  question  that  the  fats  of  the  food  are  taken  into  the  systems 
directly,  and  deposited  wherever  the  idiosyncrasy  of  the  animal  favors  their 
disposition,  either  in  the  meat  or  in  the  milk,  writes  Henry  Stewart. 

No  doubt  cows  vary  as  much  in  this  respect  as  beeves  do  in  making  fat 
from  the  food;  or  any  other  animals,  persons  included.  There  are  men  like 
"the  lean  and  hungry  Cassius,"  whom  no  feeding  can  make  fat,  but  in  general 
good  selected  nourishment  will  have  its  effect.  It  is  hardly  to  be  supposed  that 
this  change  can  be  made  in  cows  in  a  few  days  or  months.  But  that  it  can  be 
made  in  a  few  years  in  almost  any  cow  existing  I  am  fully  convinced,  while  I 
am  quite  certain  that  any  good  cow  can  be  so  fed  as  to  enrich  her  milk  in  the 
short  space  of  a  few  weeks,  so  as  to  affect  her  yield  of  butter  the  same  season. 

I  have  a  cow  which  I  have  had  in  training  now  for  six  years.  This  cow's 
history  since  I  bought  her  when  she  was  three  years  old  for  $19,  shows  that  the 
butter  record  can  be  trebled  in  three  years'  feeding  and  her  calves  can  be  so 
improved  that  the  quality  will  become  hereditary.  This  is  a  possibility  that  I 
think  no  one  can  deny  in  view  of  all  the  facts  in  the  long  experience  of  breeders 
of  cattle,  both  for  beef  and  the  dairy,  all  of  which  goes  to  show  that  it  is  no 
longer  a  question  as  to  the  feeding  being  the  foundation  of  the  breeding  and 
this  is  a  most  encouraging  experience  for  the  owners  of  the  10,000,000  native 
cows  that  are  subject  to  a  course  of  improvement. 


CHAPTER  XIX. 

FEEDING  FOR  BUTTER  FAT — FEEDING  FOR  MILK. 

Bulletin  No.  14  of  the  Iowa  Agricultural  Experiment  Station  contains  an 
experiment  showing  the  effect  of  feed  on  the  quantity  of  milk,  indicating  that: 

1.  Quality  of  milk  so  far  as  measured  by  its  percentage  of  fat  was  changed 
by  feed  to  a  much  greater  degree  than  was  quantity.  Two-thirds  of  the  increase 
in  average  gross  yield  of  butter  fat  was  due  to  improved  quality  of  the  milk  and 
only  one-third  to  increased  milk  flow. 

2.  Sugar  meal  produced  .58  of  a  pound  more  butter  fat  per  100  Ibs.  of  milk 
than  did  corn  and  cob-meal;  this  difference  is  17  per  cent  of  the  amount  of  fat 
in  100  Ibs.  of  milk  produced  by  corn  and  cob-meal. 

3.  Sugar-meal  produced  .73  of  a  pound  more  total  solids'  per  100  Ibs.  of  milk 
than  did  corn  and  cob- meal;  this  difference  is  6  per  cent  of  the  solids  in  100  Ibs. 
of  milk  produced  by  corn  and  cob-meal. 

4.  As  compared  with  corn  and  cob-meal,  sugar-meal  increased  the  ratio  of 
fat  to  "solids  not  fat"  in  100  Ibs.  of  milk  from  396  per  1,000  of  "solids  not  fat"  to 
457  per  1,000  of  "solids  not  fat" — an  increase  of  over  15  per  cent. 

Prof.  E.  W.  Stewart  in  his  very  valuable  work  "Feeding  Animals,"  says: 
"Since  certain  very  partial  experiments  were  made  in  Germany  *  *  *  dairymen 
have  been  told  to  seek  quality  of  milk  in  the  breed  and  not  in  the  food.  We  are 
always  ready  to  admit  and  emphasize  the  value  of  breed."  But  "in  phil- 

osophy and  fact  the  quality  and  quantity  of  milk  is  as  perfectly  controlled  by 
quality  and  quantity  of  food  as  is  the  quality  and  weight  of  flesh  laid  upon  a 
stall-fed  animal." 

Our  dairy  writers  have  been  very  slow  to  admit  the  truth  of  statements  of 
this  character.  Especially  have  the  advocates  of  the  Jersey  breed  refused  to  do 
so.  It  is  very  probable  that  a  majority  of  them  will  continue  to  maintain  that 
quality  cannot  be  fed  into  milk. 

We  believe  that  quality  can  be  fed  into  milk  and  that  we  have  in  this 
country  the  most  favorable  conditions  for  so  doing.  Our  climates  are  dry,  our 
grasses  are  rich,  we  have  the  greatest  abundance  of  rich  and  cheap  grain  foods, 
and  our  dairymen  are  among  the  most  skillful  feeders  in  the  world.  The  com- 
petition among  the  dairy  breeds,  especially  between  the  Holstein-Friesian  and 
Jersey,  is  stimulating  to  the  highest  efforts  in  this  direction. 

And  furthermore  we  believe  that  the  work  of  feeding  quality  into  milk  is 
comparatively  rapid. 

We  wish  to  add  in  this  connection  that  we  believe  the  contest  between  the 
Holstein-Friesian  and  Jersey  breeds  will  ultimately  depend  on  their  constitu- 
tional vigor.  The  Holstein-Friesian  has  entered  later  in  the  race,  but  it  has 
immense  constitutional  vigor.  Originally  the  Jersey  is  a  giver  of  richer  milk 
but  it  has  less  stamina,  and  produces  much  less  milk.  But  whatever  may  be 
the  conclusion  of  this  contest  the  dairy  interests  of  this  country  are  to  be 
greatly  benefited  by  it.  The  qualities  fed  into  animals  are  transmissible,  and 
there  is  no  doubt  that  certain  families  in  both  breeds  are  being  rapidly  improved. 
Ere  long  our  friends  embedded  in  the  German  experiments  will  wake  up  and 
discover  that  quality  can  be  fed  into  the  milk  of  all  breeds  of  dairy  cattle. 

Bulletin  No.  18  of  the  New  York  Agricultural  Experiment  Station  contains 
a  report  on  the  "Testing  of  Dairy  Breeds."  This  report  is  of  more  than  ordin- 
ary interest  to  breeders  of  cattle. 

In  this  report  there  is  an  introduction,  consisting  of  a  description  of  the 
breeds  represented,  the  foods  used,  and  a  table  showing  the  weights  of  each 
animal  at  the  close  of  each  month,  which  are  averaged;  then  follows  a  table  for 
each  animal  tested,  showing  the  total  of  each  variety  of  food  consumed  and  the 
daily  average  of  each  month  and  the  total  of  the  entire  period.  These  tables 
also  show  the  increase  of  live  weight  and  daily  gains  each  month,  and  the  close 
of  the  period.  Following  this  are  five  pages  of  general  averages.  In  these 
tables,  the  summary  of  the  results  for  each  individual  are  now  grouped 
together  according  to  the  breed  and  averages  made.  In  the  Holstein  and  Ayr- 

(159) 


160 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


shire  tables,  the  average  is  that  of  four  animals,  and  for  the  Guernseys  and 
Holderness  two  each,  while  of  the  Jersey  but  one  is  given.  There  were  four 
Jerseys  received  at  the  station  according  to  this  report,  but  no  explanation  is 
given  for  the  omission  of  the  data  of  the  other  three  animals. 

In  these  averages  the  Jersey  test  extended  during  two  months,  the  Guern- 
sey during  four  months,  the  Ayrshires  during  five  months,  the  Holderness  dur- 
ing five  months  and  the  Holstein  during  six  months.  Dr.  Collier  has  calculated 
the  amount  of  dry  matter  eaten  per  1,000  Ibs.  of  live  weight  for  the  same  ratio 
as  eaten,  that  is,  the  dry  matter  multiplied  by  1,000  and  divided  by  the  weight 
of  the  animal  gives  the  results.  He  states  that  this  will  be  of  interest  as  show- 
ing the  changes  in  ratio  as  the  animals  come  to  maturity. 


Average  per  1000  Ibs.  live  weight,     . 

Holsteins. 

Ayrshires. 

Am. 
Holderness 

Jerseys. 

Guernseys. 

Water  drunk,        .               ... 

2039.1 

2151.0 

2247.5 

2070.0 

2730  0 

Water  in  food,       

615.7 

779.2 

798.4 

1161.1 

958  18 

Dry  matter  eaten,        .... 
Ash,        

510.4 
29.48 

570.4 
30.43 

544.8 
34.72 

588.2 
35.10 

648.1 
39.2 

Albuminoids,         .        .        . 
Crude  fiber 

81.98 
115.75 

93.97 
1  35  .  40 

101.71 
125  63 

92.76 
138  22 

106.47 
151  82 

Nitrogen-free  extract,         .,       . 
Fat  

256.21 
21.32 

280.23 
25.19 

279.42 
24.73 

294.78 
27.32 

321  35 

28.76 

3669.94 

4065.82 

4156.91 

4408.  4§ 

4984.50 

Gain  in  live  weight  to  Sept.  30, 
Average  monthly  gain,  Ibs., 
Dry  matter  for  each  Ib.  increase, 
Dry  matter  eaten  for  1COO  Ibs.  live  wt., 
Average  age  on  arrival,  days,    . 

240  (6  mo.) 
48.8 
9.6 
509.96 
305. 

178  (5  mo.) 
47.0 
8.05 
570.7 
317. 

221  (6  mo.) 
44.0 
7.02 
550.1 
231. 

77  ,3  mo.) 
38-5 
8  7 
589.2 
360. 

164  '  5  mo.) 
40.5 

8.82 
660.5 
273. 

In  an  attempt  to  present  these  averages  in  a  way  more  easy  for  our  readers 
to  comprehend,  we  have  made  the  above  tables,  taking  the  column  at  the 
extreme  right  in  the  general  average  tables  in  the  report  which  is  headed  "per 
1,000  Ibs.  live  weight,"  which  Dr.  Collier  says  "is  found  by  taldng  the  average 


MARGARET  LINCOLN  2D"S  DE  KOL,  No.  3>006  H.  F.  H.  B. 


FEEDING  FOR  BUTTER  FAT.  161 


for  the  entire  period  and  dividing  by  the  average  weight  of  the  animal  for  the 
entire  period." 

The  figures  are  all  from  the  report,  excepting  the  addition  of  each  column 
which  shows  the  total  of  the  average  consumption  of  the  food  items  enumer- 
ated per  1,000  Ibs.  of  live  weight. 

From  the  same  general  average  table  we  have  taken  the  liberty  to  make 
still  further  averages.  In  these  we  have  made  an  average  of  the  average  of 
each  month  and  of  each  breed. 

It  appears  from  these  figures  that  the  average  of  consumption  of  food  per 
1,000  Ibs.  live  weight  was  less  in  the  Holstein-Friesian  than  either  the  Jersey, 
Ayrshire,  Guernsey  or  Holderness  breed,  and  that  the  Holstein-Friesian  made  a 
greater  gain  in  weight  than  either.  She  consumed  738.54  less  than  the  Jersey 
per  1,000  Ibs.  live  weight  and  gained  in  weight  10.3  more.  Of  dry  matter  con- 
sumed the  figures  are  510.4  as  to  588.2  for  the  Jersey,  and  as  to  other  breeds, 
very  much  less.  Of  albuminoids,  crude  fiber,  nitrogen -free  extract  and  of  fat 
it  will  be  seen  the  figures  all  indicate  a  great  economy  in  the  Holstein. 

In  discussing  the  importance  of  the  food  consumed,  as  a  factor  in  deter- 
mining the  value  of  a  cow,  reference  is  made  to  the  Ohio  test  of  1893.  Messrs. 
W.  B.  Smith  &  Son,  owners  of  these  cows,  give  the  following  as  the  rations 
actually  fed  : 

In  the  case  of  Vasaline,  on  January  2,  1893,  she  was  put  on  feed  and  began 
milking  three  times  per  day,  4  a.  m.,  12  noon,  and  8  p.  m.  She  was  started  on 
34-  Ibs.  bran  and  shorts,  equal  weights,  1  Ib.  oil  meal,  8  oz.  cottonseed  meal,  3| 
Ibs.  chop  feed  (2  pts.  oats,  1  pt.  corn)  together  with  two  gallons  cut  mixed  hay, 
and  gradually  increased  in  feed  until  her  limit  was  reached  as  follows  :  4^  Ibs. 
bran  and  shorts,  1£  Ibs.  oil  meal,  12  oz.  cottonseed  meal,  and  4  Ibs.  chop  with  cut 
hay — or  10^  Ibs.  of  a  grain  ration,  fed  three  times  per  day.  When  she  was 
tested  she  was  getting  : 

Bran  and  shorts  13}£  Ibs.  at  14.00 §.0945 

Oil  meal  3%    "     "  24.00 0468 

Cottonseed  meal  2%    "    "  28.00, 0315 

Chop  feed  12       "    "  30.00, 18 

31  )£  $.3528 

This  was  the  amount  of  grain  feed  given  ;  she  was  given  all  the  mixed  hay 
she  would  eat,  which  cost  $9  per  ton  ;  we  did  not  weigh  the  hay.  She  produced 
2.25  Ibs.  butter  fat,  or  2.70  Ibs.  commercial  butter,  judging  by  World's  Fail- 
standard.  At  that  time  creamery  butter  was  selling  in  Columbus  at  35  cents 
per  pound,  or  she  was  making  93|  cents  worth  of  butter  per  day  ;  deducting 
cost  of  feed  (35.28)  leaves  59.22  cents  profit.  This,  of  course,  does  not  include 
hay,  which  would  not  be  more  than  20  Ibs.  or  9  cents  ;  nor  is  the  by-product  taken 
into  consideration.  But  figuring  the  hay  at  9  cents,  cost  of  producing  butter  5 
cents,  it  still  leaves  45.22  cents  net  profit.  In  justice  to  this  cow,  she  was  fed 
a  larger  ration  than  she  could  digest  two  days  before  the  test  was  made,  and 
shrank  some  six  pounds  milk,  while  her  butter  fats  decreased  1  per  cent. 

Apropos  of  the  noted  Jersey  breeder's  statement  (G.  W.  Farlee),  that  a  pas- 
ture that  would  keep  one  Holstein  cow  would  support  two  Jerseys,  it  is  inter- 
esting to  note  what  Jerseys  and  Holsteins  do  eat  when  being  tested  for  butter. 

On  page  one  of  "Butter  Tests  of  Registered  Jersey  Cows,"  is  the  largest 
yield  in  the  volume.  It  is  as  follows  : 

"Cromwell  Maid,  19024,  yield  of  milk  19£  qts.  per  day  ;  yield  of  butter  29 
Ibs.  12  oz.;  test  made  from  July  21  to  27,  1887  ;  age  5  years  and  3  months  ;  esti- 
mated weight  of  cow  900  Ibs.;  grain  fed  during  test.  6  qts.  corn  meal,  7  qts. 
oat  meal,  2  qts.  pea  meal,  1  qt.  oil  meal  and  6  qts.  middlings  daily." 

Twenty-two  quarts  of  grain  in  one  day  ! 

Computing  this  feed  at  the  standard  weights  per  bushel  we  find  that  Crom- 
well Maid's  feed  was  as  follows  : 

6  qts.  corn  meal, 10.50  Ibs. 

7  qts.  oat  meal 11.37  Ibs. 

2  qts.  pea  meal, 3.75  Ibs. 

1  qt.  oil  meal, .     .  1.75  Ibs. 

6  qts.  middlings 7.50  Ibs. 

34.87  Ibs. 

From  this  she  yielded  19-J-  qts.  of  milk  per  day  from  which  was  made  29  Ibs. 
12  oz.  of  butter  in  seven  days  or  8¥V  oz.  of  feed  to  1  oz.  of  butter. 


FEEDING.  163 


In  the  case  of  lolena  Fairmount,  she  was  started  on  the  12th,  consumed  the 
same  amount  of  feed  and  gave  2.44  Ibs.  butter  fats,  or  2.93  Ibs.  butter  at  a  value 
of  1.0255 ;  deducting  feed,  .4428  cents,  cost  of  making  butter  5  cents,  leaves 
.5327  cents  net  profit.  You  will  also  note  that  feed  was  counted  at  top  notch 
prices  and  could  have  been  procured  for  less  money. 

Now  for  comparison  with  one  of  the  largest  Holstein  yields:  DeKol  2d, 
who  made  6  Ibs.  Q\  oz.  in  a  day  and  33  Ibs.  6  oz.  in  seven  days.  She  ate  18  Ibs. 
of  hominy  chop,  1\  Ibs.  of  wheat  bran  and  3£  Ibs.  of  cotton  seed  meal,  or  a  total 
of  29  Ibs.  Her  weight  is  1,500  Ibs. 

She  yielded  an  average  of  60  Ibs.  |  oz.  per  day,  from  which  was  made  33  Ibs. 
6  oz.  of  butter  in  seven  days,  or  6^  oz.  of  feed  to  an  ounce  of  butter. 

The  little  900  Ib.  Jersey  ate  22  qts.  of  much  richer  food  than  did  the  1,500 
Ib.  Holstein  ;  the  Jersey  consumed  34.87  Ibs.  and  the  Holstein,  weighing  600 
Ibs.  more,  consumed  29  Ibs.  or  5.87  Ibs.  less  and  made  4  Ibs.  6  oz.  more  of  butter. 

DeKol's  age  is  four  years  and  nine  months,  while  Cromwell  Maid  is  five 
years  and  three  months  old. 

This  shows  that  the  Jersey  consumed  far  more  in  proportion  to  her  yield 
than  did  the  Holstein,  and  we  believe  she  will  every  day  in  the  week. 


CHAPTER  XX. 

FEEDING. 

The  profit  of  the  dairy,  says  Henry  Stewart,  depends  in  the  greatest  measure 
upon  the  best  use  of  the  materials  consumed  in  the  business.  A  cow  is,  to  a 
large  extent,  a  machine  for  the  conversion  of  food  into  milk.  This  is  her  office, 
for  which  she  has  been  trained  by  many  years  of  domestication,  feeding,  selec- 
tion and  breeding  ;  and  it  is  the  business  of  the  dairyman  to  provide  himself 
with  the  best  cows  for  the  purpose  he  can  get,  and  until  he  has  the  best  he  must 
be  continually  weeding  out  his  herd  and  replenishing  it  by  breeding  or  purchase 
until  he  is  satisfied  on  this  score.  This  is  an  easy  thing  to  do;  observation  and 
the  use  of  weights  or  measures  only  are  needed  for  this.  But  the  feeding 
depends  upon  knowledge  to  be  obtained  by  long  continued  and  exact  experi- 
ment, and  by  chemical  analyses  of  the  substances  used,  and  this  knowledge  is 
beyond  the  ability  of  the  dairyman  to  gather  for  himself.  To  investigate, 
experiment  and  report  upon  these  matters  is  the  work  of  the  chemist,  the  scien- 
tific dairy  expert,  and  those  writers  who  are  able  to  comprehend  through  scien- 
tific knowledge  and  practical  experience,  the  exact  value  and  the  bearings  upon 
the  conduct  of  the  dairy,  of  the  knowledge  thus  gained.  In  fact  "Science  with 
Practice"  is  the  motto  of  the  dairyman  and  basis  on  which  he  must  work  to  reap 
the  full  profits  of  his  business. 

The  materials  for  the  use  of  the  dairyman  are  abundant,  but  differ  not  only 
in  specific  character  but  also  in  quality,  depending  upon  the  methods  of  grow- 
ing, preparing,  storing  and  using  them.  There  are  some  food  substances  that 
may  be  cast  aside  as  being  so  inferior  in  quality  as  to  be  unworthy  of  consider- 
ation along  with  the  large  variety  which  are  of  the  most  value,  and  we  propose 
here  to  refer  only  to  these  latter,  which  we  know  from  actual  use  are  the  most 
profitable  for  the  production  of  milk,  not  for  cream  or  butter,  but  for  milk  of 
good  quality  for  sale,  this  being  the  subject  at  present  under  consideration. 

Milk  is  now  sold  under  a  certain  absolute  standard  of  quality,  viz.,  88  per 
cent  of  water  and  12  per  cent  of  solid  matter,  consisting  of  caseine,  sugar,  salts 
and  fat,  the  latter  not  falling  below  3  per  cent.  Milk  of  this  quality  will  con- 
tain on  the  average  the  following  proportions,  viz.: 

Per  Cent.  Per  Cent. 

Water, 88.00  Salts  75 

Caseine, 3  75  Fat  3.00 

Sugar, 4.50 

Total, 100.00 

Such  milk  is  by  no  means  of  the  best  quality,  for  the  average  of  well  selected 
dairy  cows,  fed  in  the  best  manner,  will  give  87  per  cent  of  water  and  13 
per  cent  of  solids,  of  which  the  caseine  will  amount  to  44-  per  cent.  It  is  the 
larger  quantity  of  caseine  and  sugar  upon  which  the  apparent  good  quality  of 


FEEDING. 


165 


table  used  milk  depends,  rather  than  the  amount  of  fat  in  it,  although  the  fat  is 
the  most  important  nutritive  element  in  it. 

It  is  a  disputed  question  if  the  kind  of  food  used  has  any  relative  effect 
upon  the  quality  of  the  milk.  Scientific  investigators  differ  in  respect  to  it, 
and  some  very  strangely  insist  upon  the  negative  in  regard  to  it,  while  their 
own  experiments  prove  positively  the  affirmative.  This,  however,  only  shows 
that  in  some  experiments  the  effort  is  to  sustain  previously  formed  opinions 
taken  up  at  second  hand,  rather  than  to  be  guided  by  the  results  of  one's  own 
work.  The  very  careful  and  accomplished  Dr.  Vcelcker  concluded  from  his 
own  experiments  that  "  cows  should  be  differently  fed  according  to  the  pur- 
pose for  which  the  milk  is  used,  whether  for  cheese  or  butter  product,"  and 
this  being  our  own  belief,  formed  and  strengthened  by  several  years  of  careful 
and  accurate  experimental  feeding,  we  shall  be  guided  by  this  view  in  the 
remarks  here  made. 

Foods,  as  is  well  known,  are  made  up  of  three  nutritive  elements,  viz.: 
carbo-hydrates,  as  starch,  sugar,  gum  and  digestible  cellulose  ;  albuminoids  or 
protein,  as  albumen,  gluten  and  vegetable  fibrine  ;  and  fatty  matters,  which 
consist  of  fat,  oil  and  some  organic  acids,  as  butyric  and  others,  which  are 
injurious  rather  than  helpful  as  regards  the  quality  of  the  milk,  giving  to  it  an 
odor  which  is  not  desirable,  and  for  some  purposes  is  wholly  destructive  to  its 
usefulness,  as,  for  instance,  the  condensing  of  the  milk.  It  is  known  that  the&e 
foods  have  certain  results  in  the  alimentation  of  the  cow,  that  the  carbo- 
hydrates go  to  support  the  vital  heat,  the  albuminoids  form  flesh,  and  to  some 
extent  are  convertible  into  heat  and  fat,  and  that  the  fats  are  assimilated 
directly  and  go  to  support  heat  or  are  deposited  in  the  tissues.  When  the  cow 
is  abundantly  supplied  with  foods  rich  in  these  substances  the  surplus  goes  to 
produce  milk  ;  the  albuminoids  furnish  material  for  the  caseine  and  also  for  fat ; 
the  carbo-hydrates  furnish  the  milk,  sugar  and  some  of  the  fat,  and  the  fat 
goes  directly  to  provide  the  fat.  These  products  vary  in  quantity  according 
to  the  natural  ability  of  the  cow  to  transform  them,  but  in  the  best  cows  the 
product  bears  some  ratio  to  the  materials  furnished.  Hence  it  is  important  to 
understand  the  precise  nature  of  the  foods  available  and  to  make  a  choice  of 
the  best  of  them.  In  the  following  list  are  mentioned  the  most  common  and 
available  food  substances  for  feeding  cows,  with  their  constituents  and  the 
comparative  value  both  for  theoretical  feeding  and  for  money: 


Digestible. 

KINDS  op  FOOD. 

Albumin- 
oids. 

Carbohy- 
drates. 

Fats. 

Value  for 
100  Ibs. 

Red  clover  hay  poor 

5.7 

37.9 

1.0 

gO.  59 

Red  clover,  medium,        

7.0 

38.1 

1.2 

.70 

Red  clover,  good,      

8.5 

38.2 

1.7 

.79 

Red  clover,  extra,     

10.7 

37.6 

2.1 

.89 

Best  pasture  grass,    
Corn  fodder,  green,  

4.5 

1.4 

10.1 

8.4 

1.0 
0.5 

.27 

Green  leaves  of  forest  trees,  young  growth, 
Young  clover  pasture 

5.2 

4  6 

15.2 

7  2 

1.5 
0.9 

OK 

Fodder,  rye,  green,  

3.3 

10.4 

0'.8 

.  ^0 

.20 

Fodder,  green  peas,          

3.  a 

7.6 

0.6 

1.18 

Peas  (grain),      .                

0.4 

54.5 

2.0 

1.44 

Beans  (grain),   .                

3.5 

50.9 

1.6 

1.51 

Cornmeal,  .                       

8.4 

60.6 

4.8 

2.11 

Cottonseed,  whole.           

17.1 

14.7 

27.3 

.08 

Corn  and  cob  meal,           

8.87 

49.0 

3.5 

1.00 

Wheat  bran,       .                

10.0 

48.5 

3.1 

•  01 

Wheat  middlings,             
Buckwheat  bran,               

8.9 
13.5 

54.8 
44.0 

2.6 
3.9 

1  00 
1  .15 

Hominy  waste,                  

10  13 

52.0 

7.6 

1.40 

Gluten  meal,      .                

3.2 

19.3 

1.8 

.39 

Brewer's  grains,                

4.8 

11.3 

1.2 

«      -36 

Malt  sprouts,     .               
Palm  nut  meal, 

20.8 
16.1 

43.7 
55.4 

0.9 
9.5 

1.33 
1  .61 

Linseed  oil  meal,  new  process  

27.8 

33.9 

2!l 

i!ei 

Cottonseed  meal,  free  from  hulls, 

33  2 

17.6 

16.2 

2.30 

This  table  should  be  carefully  studied  and  kept  for  reference.     One  should 
always  know  his  business  and  have  the  points  of  it  "  at  his  fingers'  ends,"  so  to 


FEEDING. 


167 


speak,  ready  for  immediate  use.  And  it  is  the  business  of  the  milk  dairyman 
to  know  what  are  the  best  materials  for  his  use,  that  he  may  select  the  most 
profitable,  and  when  opportunities  arise  to  seize  upon  them  without  hesitation. 
Some  years  ago  the  writer  was  offered  a  lot  of  palm  nut  meal  which  had  been  sent 
here  for  sale,  but  no  one  knowing  anything  of  its  value,  it  was  offered  at  any 
price  that  could  be  procured.  Knowing  its  value  for  feeding  cattle,  the  writer 
purchased  the  lot  at  once,  and  it  was  the  cheapest  butter-making  food  he  had 
ever  used.  In  this  way  a  dairyman  cannot  only  choose  the  cheapest  foods,  but  he 
may  often  avoid  purchasing  other  foods  at  too  high  prices  for  profit ;  so  that 
an  accurate  knowledge  of  the  characters  of  the  foods  in  the  market  should  be 
made  a  particular  study  of  every  dairyman. 

Reckoning  all  nitrogenous  matter  as  albuminoids,  the  following  foods  have 
the  nutritive  ratio  put  opposite  each  : 


Clover  hay, 

Meadow  hay, 
Wheat  straw, 

• 

Oat  straw, 

Rye  straw, 
Timothy,    . 

Hungarian, 

Alsike, 

Orchard  grass, 

Corn  fodder, 

Corn,  . 

Wheat  middlings  
Rye  bran,  . 

:  8. 
:64.4 
:29.9 
:46.9 
:  8.1 

:  4.2 
:  6.5 
:14.4 
:  9.5 
:  5.6 
:  5.3 

Linseed  cal 
Linseed  cat 
Cottonseed 
Rye,    . 
Barley, 
Oats,  . 
Buckwheat 
Parsnips, 
Turnips, 
Carrots, 

:e, 
e(n 
cakt 

ew  process), 
',  decorticatec 

,      . 

Fodder  beets, 
Wheat  bran, 

2.2 

2. 

i.a 

1.8 

7. 
7.9 

G.I 
7.4 
7.3 

5.8 


5.G 


How  to  form  rations.     Suppose  we  wish  to  feed  meadow  hay  and  rye  bran 
to  form  a  ration  having  a  nutritive  ratio  of  1 :6.     We  have  a  problem  like  this  : 


1:8.0 
1:6.0 


2.9 


1:6.0 
1:5.3 


The  meadow  hay  has  an  excess  of  twenty  parts  of  carbohydrates  and  fats 
to  a  lack  of  seven  parts  of  the  same  elements  in  the  bran.  Hence  we  will 
take  seven  pounds  of  the  hay  to  twenty  pounds  of  the  bran  : 

1:5.3x20-20:106.0 
l:8.0x  7—  7:  56.0 


27:162.0-=!:  6 

Manifestly  we  have  the  proper  nutritive  ratio,  but  we  must  have  a  greater 
variety  in  the  food.  Suppose  we  wish  to  feed  orchard  grass,  wheat  bran,  rye 
and  turnips  in  a  ration  having  a  nutritive  ratio  of  1:6.  We  have  this  problem: 


1:6.5 
1:6.0 


1:7.0 
1:6.0 


1.9 


1:6.0 
1:5.6 


1:6.0 
1:5.8 


In  the  orchard  grass  and  rye  together  there  is  an  excess  of  fifteen  parts  to 
a  lack  of  six  parts  in  the  wheat  bran  and  turnips.  Hence  take  six  parts  of 
grass  and  six  parts  of  rye  to  fifteen  parts  of  bran  and  fifteen  parts  of  turnips  : 

1:6  5x  6—  6:39.0 
1:7. Ox  6-  6:42.0 
1:5.6x15—15:84.0 
1:5.8x15=15:87.8 


42:252.0—1:6 

But  suppose  we  wish  to  feed  one  pound  of  grass  to  about  one  pound  of  a 
mixture  of  the  other  feeds.  In  four  pounds  of  hay  there  would  be  an  excess  of 
twenty  parts,  and  in  half  a  pound  of  rye  an  excess  of  five  parts,  total  twenty- 
five  parts  ;  in  a  pound  of  turnips  and  a  pound  of  wheat  bran  there  would  be  a 
total  lack  of  six  parts,  If  we  add  half  a  pound  of  malt  sprouts  we  will  have  a 
total  lack  of  twenty-five  parts.  Hence  the  ration  will  have  the  proper  nutritive 
ratio.  To  avoid  fractions  we  will  double  the  quantities  : 

Eight  pounds  orchard  grass, 8:52.9 

One  pound  rye, :  7.0 

Two  pounds  turnips, .  2:11.6 

Two  pounds  wheat  bran, 2:11.2 

One  pound  malt  sprouts, 1:  2.2 

14:84.0-1:6 


168 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


Here  we  have  eight  pounds  of  grass  to  six  pounds  of  other  feeds.  By  using 
more  of  the  grass  and  of  the  malt  sprouts,  or  by  using  part  clover,  we  can  get 
a  ration  having  the  proper  nutritive  ratio,  and  in  which  one  pound  of  stover  is 
set  against  one  pound  of  other  feeds.  The  reader  can  see  that,  by  using  the 
simple  plan  I  have  given,  he  can  form  any  desired  ration. 

Now,  if  linseed  cake  or  cottonseed  cake  was  comparatively  cheaper  than 
malt  sprouts  I  would  use  it.  Or,  rather  than  pay  high  prices  for  any  of  them, 
I  would  use  a  ration  having  a  ratio  of  1:7  or  even  1:8.  The  point  is  to  keep  both 
ratio  and  cost  in  view. 


MERCEDES  3D,  No.  3769  H.  H.  B. 
Eight  months  old. 


CHAPTER  XXI. 

BALANCED  RATIONS,  FOR  CALF,  FOR  MILK  AND  GROWING  WEANLINGS  AND  YEAR- 
LINGS—FOR HEIFERS— FOR  COWS  DUE  IN  THE  SPRING— FOR  MILK,  BUTTER  AND 
DEVELOPMENT — FOR  LARGE  COWS. 

The  late  Prof.  E.  W.  Stewart  contributed  many  valuable  suggestions  and 
directions  for  care  and  specific  feeding  of  domestic  animals  to  the  columns  of 
the  Country  Gentleman  (Albany,  N.  Y.).  He  was  frequently  called  upon  to 
suggest  rations  for  Hplstein-Friesian  cattle.  From  a  large  number  of  these 
which  were  reprinted  in  the  Holstein-Friesian  Register  from  time  to  time,  we 
have  made  selections  and  reproduce  them  here.  They  are  exceedingly  valuable 
and  will  be  found  to  comprise  rations  for  animals  of  all  ages  and  conditions. 

"I  would  request  instruction  as  to  ration  for  grade  Holstein  calf  five  weeks 
old.  I  cannot  afford  to  give  her  all  milk,  and  am  anxious  to  raise  her  properly 
for  dairy  purposes. 

"Does  it  make  any  difference  with  the  health  of  a  calf  if  fed  on  milk  from 
cow  fed  with  cottonseed  meal  as  a  part  ration  ?  J.  E.  W." 

1.  He  may  feed  his  grade  Holstein  heifer  calf  by  using  a  small  quantity  of 
fiaxseed  jelly  and  fine  middlings  in  what  milk  he  can  spare.     Let  him  boil  flax- 
seed  in  eight  times  its  bulk  of  water  for  about  ten  minutes,  when  it  will  form 
a  thin  jelly.     Now  let  him  stir  in  four  times  as  much  fine  middlings  as  he  has 
flaxseed,  stirring  it  all  together.     Let  him  put  about  a  gill  of  this  mixture  into 
the  milk  he  can  spare  for  the  calf  at  each  feed.     As  the  calf  grows  older,  he 
can  increase  the  quantity  of  water  and  middlings — the  quantity  of  flaxseed 
jelly  remaining  the  same.     Let  the  calf  be  fed  three  times  a  day,  and  have  a 
little  bright  hay  to  chew  at  pleasure. 

2.  It  will  make  no  difference  with  the  health  of  the  calf  that  the  cow  is 
fed  on  cottonseed  meal  as  a  part  of  her  ration.     But  cottonseed  meal  should 
never  be  given  to  calves ;  it  is  too  concentrated  food  for  their  young  stomachs. 

"  What  is  best  to  feed  Holstein-Friesian  calves  besides  hay  to  make  them 
grow — six  and  seven  months  old  ?  O.  P." 

O.  P.  may  compound  the  following  :  5  Ibs.  cut  hay,  2  Ibs.  wheat  bran,  2 
Ibs.  wheat  middlings,  1  Ib.  O.  P.  linseed  meal.  The  cut  hay  should  be  moist- 
ened with  hot  water,  then,  after  mixing  the  bran,  middlings  and  linseed  meal 
together,  mix  this  with  the  warm  moistened  cut  hay.  It  is  then  ready  to  feed. 
This  is  a  combination  of  food  and  not  a  ration  per  head,  although  each  calf  will 
eat  about  this  amount  per  day  after  a  few  weeks.  The  calves  should  be  given 
what  they  will  eat  of  it  twice  a  day.  Wheat  bran  is  perhaps  the  best  single 
food  to  grow  the  bones  and  frame  of  calves,  but  middlings  is  also  a  good  food 
for  that  purpose,  as  is  also  linseed  meal.  These  three  foods  combined  with  hay 
in  that  proportion  make  a  model  ration  for  growing  calves  of  that  age.  The 
feeder  has  much  to  do  with  the  success  of  a  ration  in  feeding  calves.  He  should 
watch  carefully  the  wants  of  each  calf.  They  will  not  eat  the  same  every  day, 
and  care  should  be  taken  not  to  feed  too  much.  The  only  improvement  that 
can  be  made  on  this  combination  of  food  for  the  most  rapid  growth  of  calves 
would  be  to  use  a  little  cheap  molasses  in  the  hot  water  to  moisten  the  cut  hay. 
This  would  give  them  a  strong  appetite  for  their  food,  and  would  therefore 
increase  their  growth.  But  with  careful  feeding  they  will  grow  fast  enough 
without  it.  These  calves  should  be  fed  at  the  same  time  each  day. 

"I  have  twenty  Holstein  cows,  weighing  1,000  Ibs.  to  1,100  Ibs.,  on  my  farm 
in  Orange  County,  Va.,  and  a  number  of  yearlings  and  weanlings  of  last  spring. 
I  have  abundance  of  corn  ensilage,  stover,  ground  oats  and  corn  and  cob  meal. 
Will  you  oblige  me  with  a  proper  ration  for  these  several  classes  of  animals  out 
of  the  material  mentioned  ?  J.  P.  T." 

J.  P.  T.  may  combine  the  following  foods  as  a  general  ration  for  his  Hol- 
stein cows  :  40  Ibs.  corn  ensilage,  5  Ibs.  cut  corn  stover,  5  Ibs.  ground  oats,  4  Ibs. 
cob  meal,  3i  Ibs.  cottonseed  meal.  The  nutrients  of  this  are  shown  in  the  follow- 
ing formula,  in  pounds : 

(169) 

12 


BALANCED  RATIONS   FOR  MILK.  171 


40  Ibs.  ensilage, 

Albuminoids. 
0.48 

Carbohydrates. 
480 

Fat. 
0.20 

5     "    cut  corn  stover,     . 
5     "    ground  oats, 
4     "    cob  meal, 
3^"    cottonseed  meal,   . 

0.12 
0.45 
0.27 
1.25 

1.72 
2.30 
220 

0.98 

0.02 
0.22 
0.15 
0.87 

Total        ....'.        2.57  12.06  1.46 

Nutritive  ratio,  1  to  5.4. 

This  is  a  fairly-balanced  milk  ration.  The  ration  could  not  be  properly  bal- 
anced with  any  combination  of  the  foods  he  gives,  and  we  use  cottonseed 
meal  because  he  can  easily  obtain  it  at  a  comparatively  low  rate,  and  it  is  one 
of  the  best  balancing  foods  for  milk  and  butter,  besides"  being  worth  all  it  costs 
in  that  locality  as  a  fertilizer.  Nearly  all  farmers  now  appreciate  the  return 
of  fertility  to  the  soil  by  improved  farming.  It  is  nearly  always  the  first  begin- 
ning of  extensive  farming.  The  Cotton  States  have  a  great  compensating 
resource  in  this  by-product  of  the  cotton  plant. 

The  5  Ibs.  cut  corn  stover  should  be  well  mixed  with  the  ensilage  and  then 
the  whole  slightly  further  moistened,  and  the  ground  oats,  cob  meal  and  cotton- 
seed meal  being  first  mixed  together  dry,  should  be  well  mixed  with  the  ensilage 
and  cut  stover. 

2.  The  ration  for  his  year-olds  may  be  30  Ibs.  ensilage,  5  Ibs.  ground  oats, 
mixed  together  and  given  in  three  feeds. 

3.  For  the  six-months  calves  he  may  give  15  Ibs.  ensilage,  4  Ibs.  ground 
oats,  mixed  together  and  given  in  three  feeds. 

We  give  these  ground  oats  in  the  ration  for  the  milch  cows  and  in  the 
ration  for  the  younger  animals,  because  he  seems  to  desire  it ;  yet  if  the  com- 
parative price  of  oats  is  as  much  in  that  locality  as  in  others,  we  should  think 
it  would  be  economy  to  substitute  fine  bran  for  the  ground  oats,  the  result 
being  practically  the  same. 

"Please  compound  ration  for  four  Holstein  heifers  with  first  calf,  two  years 
old,  average  980  Ibs.,  with  34  Ibs.  milk  per  day.  They  had  no  grain,  and  win- 
tered well  on  hay  and  straw,  but  are  falling  away  considerably  in  flesh  and 
milk,  which  you  will  see  by  enclosed  memorandum  : 

Weight.  , Milk,  seven  days. —  Total. 

1,080  39        39        37        38        3(3        36  35  260 

1,040  .        .        .        36        36        36        35        34        34  33  ...        244 

950  ...        36        36        33        33        33        33  32  236 

850  ...        35        35        33        32        31        30  31  ...        217 

3,920  957 

(Daily  average,  34  Ibs.) 

"  With  economy  in  view,  I  wish  to  improve  them  in  flesh  and  get  the  great- 
est flow  of  milk,  from  hay,  corn,  oats,  bran  and  oil  meal;  have  a  good  hay  cutter. 
Hay  is  common  meadow  hay  (fine),  timothy,  clover,  red  top,  and  some  orchard 
grass  in  it.  J.  V.  W." 

J.  V.  W.  has,  according  to  his  record,  four  very  promising  heifers  that 
need  only  to  be  properly  fed  to  develop  into  desirable  cows.  We  should  think 
the  following  combination  would  make  a  very  good  ration  for  them.  Let  him 
first  grind  an  equal  weight  of  corn  and  oats  together,  then  make  up  the  follow- 
ing ration  for  each  heifer  :  14  Ibs.  cut  mixed  hay,  6  Ibs.  corn  and  oats  ground 
together,  4  Ibs.  wheat  bran  and  2  Ibs.  oil  meal.  This  ration  will  have  about  the 
following  digestible  nutrients,  in  pounds : 

Albuminoids.  Carbohydrates.  Fat. 

14  Ibs.  cut  mixed  hay,       .        .        .       0.63  6.16  0.15 

6    "    corn  and  oats  ground,    .        .        0.52  3.11  0  28 

4    "    wheat  bran,     ....        0.47  1.84  0.10 

2    "    oil  meal, 0.56  0.56  0.12 

Total, 2.18  11.67  0.65 

Nutritive  ratio,  1  to  6. 

This  ration  is  well  adapted  to  quantity  and  quality  of  milk,  and  to  put  the 
heifers  in  good  condition  and  keep  up  that  condition.  This  ration  should  be 
given  in  three  feeds,  smallest  at  noon,  and  fed  at  the  same  times  each  day. 
The  grain  part  of  the  ration  is  all  mixed  together  dry,  and  then  mixed  evenly 
with  the  moistened  cut  hay. 


BALANCED  RATIONS  FOR  COWS  DUE  IN  THE  SPRING. 


173 


If  this  ration  is  fed  in  warm  weather,  and  the  ration  for  the  whole  day  is 
mixed  at  once,  it  should  be  mixed  just  before  the  evening  feed,  and  then  it 
would  not  ferment  to  any  harm  before  the  next  morning  feed.  We  think  W. 
will  find  this  a  good  ration  for  stable  feeeding.  But  if  he  turns  to  good  pasture, 
then  to  develop  his  heifers  he  may  feed  at  evening  3  Ibs.  cut  bay,  mixed  with  2 
Ibs.  ground  corn  and  oats,  2  Ibs.  wheat  bran  and  i  Ib.  oil  meal.  This  will  keep 
up  their  improved  condition  and  yield  of  miik,  and  assist  in  establishing  a  large 
milking  habit. 

"Please  give  ration  for  Holstein  cows  weighing  1,000  to  1,200  Ibs.,  coming  in 
in  the  spring.  I  want  to  feed  clover  ensilage  twice  a  day,  and  cut  corn  ensilage 
once.  I  have  shorts,  corn  meal,  oil  meal  and  cottonseed  meal.  I  am  very  will- 
ing to  feed  liberally.  I.  S.  A." 


NETHERLAND  ALBAN.  No.  4584  H.  F.  H.  B.;  ADVANCED  REGISTRY,  34. 

I.  S.  A.,  having  two  kinds  of  ensilage,  and  wishing  to  feed  twice  of  clover 
and  once  of  corn  ensilage,  may  mix  7  Ibs.  corn  meal  with  30  Ibs.  clover  ensilage, 
and  this  will  form  the  two  feeds,  morning  and  noon,  largest  half  given  in  the 
morning.  The  corn  meal  should  be  mixed  very  evenly  with  the  clover  ensilage. 
Clover  is  rich  in  albuminoids,  and  corn  meal  in  carbohydrates.  These  will  go 
well  together.  Now  let  him  mix  4  Ibs.  of  shorts  and  1  Ib.  of  cottonseed  meal 
with  20  Ibs.  corn  ensilage,  all  well  mixed  together,  and  let  this  be  the  evening 
feed.  This  will  be  safe  to  feed  to  the  cows  coming  in  in  the  spring,  and  it  will 
not  be  a  very  large  ration  for  cows  of  their  weight,  but  as  they  will  become  dry 
the  ration  should  not  be  larger.  The  combination  with  clover  ensilage  will 
have  the  following  digestible  nutrients  in  pounds  : 

Albuminoids.        Carbohydrates.  Fat. 

0.69  3.00  0.18 


30  Ibs.  clover  ensilage, 
7    "    corn  meal, 


0.59 


Total, 


4.41 

7.41 


0.33 
0.51 


Ratio  1  to  6.7.     The  evening  feed  is  as  follows  : 


174  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 

Albuminoids.  Carbohydrates.  Fat. 

20  Ibs.  corn  ensilage,          .        .        .        0.24  2.40  0.10 

4    "    shorts 0.44  1.84  0.11 

1    "    cottonseed  meal,    .        .        .        0.35  0.23  0.06 

Total,        .''....        1.03  4.47  0.27 

Nutritive  ratio  1  to  5.  When  this  day's  feed  is  put  together  we  have  album- 
inoids, 2.31 ;  carbohydrates,  11.88  ;  fat  .78,  and  a  nutritive  ra.tio  of  1  to  6.  This 
should  be  a  successful  ration.  When  the  cows  go  dry  feed  clover  ensilage  and 
6  to  8  Ibs.  shorts. 

"I  want  a  milk  (also  a  butter)  ration  made  for  thoroughbred  Holstein- 
Friesian  cattle,  and  instructions  how  to  change  from  one  to  the  other.  I  want 
it  made  with  reference  to  good  health  and  development  of  my  herd.  My  cattle 
have  had  good  attention,  and  have  been  well  fed  all  the  time.  Foods  :  Bran, 
value  $19  per  ton ;  clover  hay,  fine,  cured  a  little  too  long,  $10  ;  ground  oats, 
35c.  per  bushel;  corn  meal,  60c. ;  corn-heart  meal,  made  in  making  oil,  $20  per 
ton.  My  hay  is  cut,  moistened  and  mixed.  I  have  steam  power  to  cut,  grind, 
etc.,  and  a  mill  of  French  buhr  stone. 

"Please  name  difference  in  feed  of  milch  cows  and  young  stock.     E.  S." 

E.  S.  raises  several  questions  which  have  been  partially  discussed  in  these 
answers.  He  seems  to  take  it  for  granted  that  a  ration  may  be  so  constructed 
as  to  produce  quantity  of  milk  rather  than  quality,  and  still  be  adapted  to  pro- 
mote the  health  of  the  cow.  But  this  is  an  error  when  applied  to  a  permanent 
ration.  For  the  health  of  the  cow  cannot  properly  be  promoted  in  an  extended 
system,  unless  it  contains  a  full  proportion  of  all  the  food  elements  required  in 
the  production  of  milk.  As  milk  is  made  from  the  blood,  food  best  adapted  to 
make  healthy  blood  will  best  promote  the  health  of  the  cow.  It  is  true  that  a 
ration  may  be  unbalanced  by  being  too  nitrogenous,  as  well  as  to  be  too  carbon- 
aceous. Some  feeders,  when  they  desire  to  produce  the  richest  milk,  give  food 
containing  an  excess  of  albuminoids,  as  was  done  (as  appears  by  all  the  pub- 
lished statements)  in  the  tests  of  the  celebrated  cows,  Princess  2d  and  Mary 
Anne  of  St.  Lambert,  as  well  as  some  others;  and  it  is  quite  possible,  in  these 
tests,  that  it  promoted  the  temporary  increase  of  butter  in  the  milk.  But  it  is 
better  to  have  a  ration  constructed  on  natural  principles,  founded  on  nature's 
best  milk  food,  good  pasture  grasses,  which  have  a  nutritive  ratio  of  about  1  to 
4  or  1  to  4.5. 

2.  In  making  a  ration  with  the  foods  mentioned  by  S.,  we  are  a  little 
doubtful  of  the  precise  quality  of  corn-heart  meal,  as  he  says  it  is  "  made  in 
making  oil,"  whereas  it  is  usually  used  in  making  hominy,  and  has  a  large  per 
cent  of  oil  (9.24  per  cent).  Is  this  afterwards  extracted  from  the  corn-heart  ? 
If  so,  it  would  change  its  nutritive  ratio — but  perhaps  make  it  even  better  in 
supplying  albuminoids  in  the  milk  ration.  The  analysis  of  corn-germ  feed  or 
corn-heart  is  as  follows :  Ash,  2.54 ;  albuminoids,  10.87 ;  carbohydrates,  56.87  ; 
fat,  9.24  ;  fibre,  8.30.  If  the  oil  is  extracted,  or  a  large  part  of  it,  it  would  change 
its  feeding  value.  And  when  compared  with  oats  and  corn,  it  is  found  only  the 
trifle  of  seven  to  eight  cents  per  100  Ibs.  cheaper,  and  therefore  doubtful  econ- 
omy to  use  it. 

S.  uses  the  only  completely  reliable  mill  (French  buhr  stone),  and  will  be 
able  to  do  the  best  grinding,  having  fine  feed  and  not  "  chop."  Let  him  grind 
two  bushels  of  oats  with  one  bushel  of  corn  into  a  fine  meal,  or  what  would  be 
much  better,  if  he  had  cow  peas — grind  equal  parts  by  weight  of  oats,  corn  and 
cow  peas  into  a  fine  meal.  This  would  easily  balance  his  ration  for  milk.  It  is 
not  easy  to  make  a  proper  balance  with  oats,  corn  and  bran,  but  the  following 
formula  will  come  very  near  it : 

Albuminoids.        Carbohydrates.  Fat. 

18  Ibs.  good  clover  hay,     ...        1.40  7.23  9.25 

6    "    corn  and  oats,  ground  together,  0.53  3.10  0.28 

10    "    wheat  bran,     ....        1.17  4.60  0.25 

Total 3.10  14.93  0.78 

This  is  a  nutritive  ratio  of  1  to  5.4,  and  may  be  regarded  as  a  well-balanced 
milk  ration,  and  it  would  be  sufficient  for  large  cows — would,  in  fact,  be  well 
adapted  to  the  early  development  of  the  milk  yield  in  the  Holstein-Friesian. 
But  after  it  had  been  used  for  a  considerable  time,  it  would  be  improved  by 
using  8  Ibs.  of  corn  and  oats  ground,  or  6  Ibs.  of  wheat  bran,  with  2  Ibs.  of  cot' 
tonseed  meal.  This  would  give  it  a  nutritive  ratio  of  1  to  4.8. 


BALANCED  RATIONS  FOR  MILK  AND  BUTTER. 


175 


3.  In  feeding  his  young  stock,  it  is  well  to  discard  corn  meal  altogether, 
because  it  has  not  the  material  to  grow  the  bones  or  frame.  The  combination 
would  be  best  as  follows  :  8  Ibs.  clover  hay,  3  Ibs.  ground  oats,  5  Ibs.  wheat 
bran.  This  combination  will  develop  young  heifers  without  laying  on  extra 
fat,  and  will  improve  them  as  breeders.  Bran  is  a  peculiarly  good  food  to 
develop  young  animals,  because  of  the  large  per  cent  it  contains  of  phosphoric 
acid  to  grow  the  bones  or  expand  the  frame,  and  albuminoids  to  grow  the  mus- 
cles. It  is  a  developing  food  for  the  animal.  Oats  are  a  good  food  for  the 
same  purpose,  and  clover  hay  also  assists  in  the  development  of  the  young 
animal. 


NETHERLAND  BARONESS,  No.  2635  H.  F.  H.  B.;  127  ADVANCED  REGISTRY. 

Imported.    Milk  record,  72  Ibs.  11  oz.  in  one  day;  8,597  Ibs.  9  oz.  in  eight  months  fifteen  days.    Butter  record,  17  Ibs.  £ 

in  seven  days. 

"We  have  a  herd  of  100  milch  cows,  Holstein-Friesians,  and  are  at  a  loss  to 
know  just  the  cheapest  ration  to  feed  this  winter  for  the  best  results.  The 
fresh  ones  we  milk  three  times  per  day  for  the  first  four  to  six  months,  and  we 
want  them  to  do  all  they  possibly  can— 1st,  for  butter  ;  2d,  milk,  quality  before 
quantity.  The  cows  going  dry,  etc.,  we  are  not  as  particular  about.  We  have 
250  tons  of  excellent  corn  ensilage,  lots  of  corn,  and  the  finest  quality  of  alfalfa 
hay;  in  addition  the  following  feed  stuffs:  Corn  at  $20  per  ton  (we  grind  it  our- 
selves) ;  wheat  bran,  $18;  cottonseed  meal,  best  quality,  $23.  Now  the  question 
is,  Can't  we  get  along  with  cottonseed  meal  mostly,  as  corn  and  bran  are  much 
higher  now  than  a  year  ago,  while  the  cottonseed  remains  about  the  same?  We 
have  heard  that  too  much  cottonseed  is  injurious  to  cows,  especially  those 
along  in  calf  four,  five  or  six  months.  Is  it  true? 


176  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

"Would  like  the  best  and  cheapest  grain  rations  of  the  three  kinds  above 
named,  with  corn  ensilage,  and  alfalfa  hay.  The  fresh  cows  we  want  to  feed 
mostly  ensilage,  and  others  not  so  much  ensilage,  but  more  hay.  Think  the 
100  head  would  be  divided  half  and  half. 

"As  we  test  all  our  cows  for  butter,  when  first  fresh,  we  want  to  feed  them 
the  best  and  richest  feed  possible  to  get  the  best  results,  etc.  After  they  have 
been  tested  then  all  we  care  for  is  to  have  them  kept  in  good  shape,  and  give 
what  milk  they  can  without  forcing.  C.  F.  H." 

C.  F.  H.  does  not  properly  consider  the  composition  of  cottonseed  meal 
when  he  asks  if  this  cannot  be  made  the  principal  grain  food  with  ensilage  and 
alfalfa  hay  in  a  ration  for  large  milk  production.  Cottonseed  meal  is  a  partial 
and  very  much  unbalanced  food — about  as  much  so  as  oat  straw,  the  straw 
having  a  great  excess  of  carbohydrates  and  the  cottonseed  meal  a  great  excess 
of  albuminoids.  The  two  balance  each  other.  To  balance  corn  ensilage  alone 
the  largest  amount  of  cottonseed  meal  might  be  used.  But  as  H.  has  both 
ensilage  and  the  nitrogenous  alfalfa  hay,  which  are  his  cheapest  foods,  these 
may  be  made  to  very  nearly  balance  each  other,  and  we  must  add  other  grain 
food  to  make  up  the  ration  for  large  milk  yield  without  much  increasing  the 
bulk.  Ensilage  and  alfalfa  would  have  to  be  eaten  in  too  large  quantities  to 
get  sufficient  nutriment  to  produce  a  large  yield  of  rich  milk. 

The  value  of  cottonseed  meal  is  based  upon  its  excess  of  albuminoids  to 
balance  poor  fodders,  but  in  this  case  we  require  an  additional  food  rich  in  car- 
bohydrates, such  as  corn  meal,  and  next  to  this  is  wheat  bran.  H.  is  also 
rightly  informed  that  cottonseed  meal  in  any  considerable  quantity  is  danger- 
ous to  feed  to  cows  more  than  four  or  five  months  in  calf.  He  may  feed  to  his 
fresh  milkers  the  largest  quantity.  If  his  fodder  consisted  of  corn  ensilage 
and  common  hay,  such  as  timothy  or  redtop,  he  might  feed  a  much  larger  pro- 
portion of  cottonseed  meal,  say  four  to  six  pounds  per  head.  But  with  his 
excellent  alfalfa  and  corn  ensilage  he  cannot  economically  feed  more  than  two 
pounds  of  cottonseed  meal,  because  when  not  needed  as  a  balancing  food  it  is 
not  as  valuable  as  corn  meal  or  bran.  For  his  fresh  milch  cows  we  should 
advise  the  following  ration:  Fifty  pounds  corn  ensilage,  ten  pounds  alfalfa, 
four  pounds  corn  meal,  five  pounds  wheat  bran  and  two  pounds  cottonseed 
meal.  Stated  in  analytical  formula,  this  shows  the  following  digestible  nutri- 
ents in  pounds : 

Albuminoids.       Carbohydrates.  Fat. 


50  Ibs.  corn  ensilage, 
10   "    alfalfa  hay,      . 

4  "    corn  meal, 

5  "    wheat  bran,     . 

2   "    cottonseed  meal, 


0.60  6.00  0.25 

0.94  3.00  0.10 

0.33  2.52  0.18 

0.58  2.30  0.13 

0.71  0.56  0.12 


Total, 3.16  14.38  0.78 

Nutritive  ratio  1  to  5.1.  It  will  be  seen  that  this  is  a  well  balanced  ration 
for  these  large  cows,  and  that  it  is  also  the  cheapest  ration  from  the  foods  given. 
Suppose  we  were  to  feed  one  pound  more  cottonseed  meal  in  place  of  two 
pounds  alfalfa,  it  would  not  cheapen  the  ration  and  would  not  improve  it. 
This  may  safely  be  fed  to  the  cows  until  four  or  five  months  in  calf.  The  only 
way  to  improve  this  ration  would  be  to  add  one  pound  more  of  corn  meal.  But 
we  think  it  will  be  satisfactory.  The  grain  is  supposed  to  be  thoroughly  mixed 
with  the  ensilage  and  hay. 

2.  For  his  cows  long  in  milk,  or  dry,  we  would  recommend  the  following 
ration:  Thirty  pounds  ensilage,  fourteen  pounds  alfalfa  hay,  two  pounds  corn 
meal,  four  pounds  wheat  bran.  This  has  the  following  digestible  nutrients 
in  pounds : 

Albuminoids.       Carbohydrates.  Fat. 

30  Ibs.  ensilage 0.36  3.60  0.15 

14    "    alfalfa  hay 1.31  4.20  0.14 

2   "    corn  meal,        .                        .0.17  1.26  0.09 

4    "    wheat  bran 0.47  1  84  0.10 

Total 2.31  10.90  0.48 

Nutritive  ratio  1  to  5.2.  This  is  quite  a  contrast  to  the  other  ration,  but 
the  conditions  are  also  very  much  changed.  If  they  were  giving  no  milk  the 
two  pounds  corn  meal  might  be  left  off,  but  as  he  feeds  his  cows  in  two  classes 
only  this  ration  will  be  appropriate  for  the  second  class. 


BALANCED   RATIONS  FOR  MILK   AND  BUTTER. 


177 


"Will  you  kindly  give  me  the  best  and  most  economical  milk  ration  out  of 
the  following  feeds  which  I  have  here,  with  cost  of  each  as  given  below:  Corn 

f  round  with  cob  and  shuck,  50c.  per  100  Ibs.;  wheat  bran,  60c.  per  100  Ibs.; 
ohnson  grass  hay,  $10  per  ton;  ensilage  from  green  corn,  plenty  of  which  I 
have  put  up,  at  a  cost  perhaps  of  $2.50  per  ton.  I  want  milk  ration  for  Holstein 
cows,  but  do  not  know  how  best  to  mix  the  above  feeds.  I  can  buy  cottonseed 
meal  here  for  $15  to  $16  per  ton.  If  it  is  economy  to  do  so,  please  include  that 
in  the  ration.  As  I  have  plenty  of  ensilage  you  may  leave  the  Johnson  grass 
hay  out  of  the  estimate  if  you  think  best.  I  want  to  feed  the  corn  ground  with 
cob  and  shuck,  as  I  have  just  bought  the  mill  for  this,  and  I  think  it  quite  a 
saving.  W.  E.  H." 

W.  E.  H.  commands  foods  at  a  reasonable  price,  and  can  afford  to  feed  a 
full  ration.  His  cows  will  do  a  little  better  with  some  hay  mixed  with  ensilage. 
The  following  ration  in  Ibs.  from  his  feeds  will  be  successful  if  properly  given : 


Albuminoids. 

40  Ibs.  corn  ensilage,  .  .  .  0.40 
4  "  Johnson  grass  hay,  .  .  0.2? 
6  "  ground  corn,  cob  and  shuck,  0.37 
6  "  wheat  bran,  ....  0.70 
4  "  decorticated  cottonseed  meal,  1.32 


Total, 


3.06 


Carbohydrates. 
4.40 
1.64 
3.25 
276 
0.88 

12.93 


Fat. 
0.20 
0.05 
0.21 
0.16 
0.24 


This  has  a  nutritive  ratio  of  1  to  4.9,  and  is  a  full  ration  for  large  cows  at 
the  beginning  of  feeding,  but  may  require  a  little  increase  after  one  month. 

Perhaps  the  amount  of  corn  husk  and  cob  would  prove  sufficient,  with  the 
ensilage  as  "roughness."  He  might  try  it  with  the  Johnson  grass  left  out,  and 
two  pounds  added  to  the  ground  corn,  cob,  etc.,  but  we  think  the  ration  would 
be  more  complete  with  it.  This  ration  should  produce  a  full  yield  of  milk  of 
good  quality. 

H.  will  understand  that  the  ground  corn,  bran  and  cottonseed  meal  should 
be  well  mixed  together,  separately,  and  then  mixed  with  the  ensilage  and  cut 
hay,  if  the  hay  is  used. 

We  think  the  ration  will  be  very  much  benefited  by  the  use  of  cottonseed 


NETHERLAND  CONSUL  AND  IDEAL'S  LENA. 
First  prize  winners,  Toronto,  1896. 


178  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

meal.     But  this,  being  a  very  concentrated  food,  it  should  be  thoroughly  mixed 
with  the  other  materials. 

As  soon  as  his  cows  show  that  they  could  digest  more,  he  had  better  give 
the  eight  Ibs.  of  corn  chop  and  the  four  Ibs.  of  cut  Johnson's  grass  hay,  for  if 
his  cows  are  of  1,400  Ibs.  weight  they  will  need  it.  In  profitable  milk  produc- 
tion the  cows  should  have  what  food  they  can  digest  and  assimilate,  because  the 
profit  all  comes  from  the  extra  food. 


CHAPTER  XXII. 

FAMILIES     OF  THE  BREED — AAGGIE — NETHERLAND CLOTHILDE ARTIS AEGIS 

JOHANNA— WAYNE— MUTUAL  FRIEND— PAULINE  PAUL. 

The  experience  and  observation  of  the  most  skillful  and  observant  breeders 
today,  is  that  the  building  up  of  a  herd  which  in  the  point  of  production,  gen- 
eral excellence,  superior  quality,  uniformity  and  personal  beauty  shall  fill  the 
ideal,  demands  that  the  foundation  shall  be  laid  with  a  well  matured  and  defin- 
ite plan. 

To  accomplish  this  in  the  most  certain  manner  resort  will  be  had  to  the 
selection  from  the  most  noted  and  best  established  families  of  the  breed. 

In  the  comparatively  short  period  of  time  covered  by  Holstein-Friesian 
cattle  in  this  country  a  considerable  number  of  prepotent  and  uniform  strains 
have  been  developed.  We  append  descriptions  of  those  families  which  we  have 
been  able  to  obtain  and  collate.  It  is  needless  to  say  that  there  are  many  other 
nearly  or  quite  as  well  defined  families  of  which  no  mention  is  made  herein, 
but  whose  characteristics  entitle  them  to  recognition.  At  this  time,  however, 
their  limited  number  of  members  and  the  absence  of  detailed  information  in 
relation  thereto  would  permit  no  more  than  a  bare  mention  of  the  names  by 
which  they  are  known  to  breeders. 

Those  families  which  are  most  widely  known  and  stand  pre-eminent  we 
present  such  information  about  as  it  has  been  our  fortune  to  obtain  through  the 
assistance  of  the  original  founders.  In  future  editions  of  this  work  we  hope 
to  be  able  to  greatly  extend  this  feature. 


NETHERLAND  DOWAGER,  No.  2632  H.  H.  B. 

Imported.    Milk  record,  91  Ibs.  in  one  day;  17,160  Ibs.  11  oz.  in  one  year.    Butter  record,  16  Ibs.'l  2 

oz.  in  seven  days. 


THE  AAGGIE  FAMILY. 


179 


Those  families  most  widely  known  to  American  breeders  would  probably 
be  included  in  the  following  enumeration,  which  is  given  without  reference 
to  their  relative  importance:  Aaggie,  Aegis,  Alexander,  Artis,  Billy  Boelyn, 
Captain,  Clothilde,  Carlotta,  De  Kol,  Empress,  Empress  Josephine,  Gerben, 
Jewel,  Koningin  Van  Friesland,  Hartog,  Johanna,  Hengerveld,  Pel,  Pietertje, 
Mooie,  Keyes,  Promoter,  Pauline  Paul,  Queen  of  the  Hill,  Mercedes,  Opperdoes, 
Zuider  Zee,  Wayne,  Mutual  Friend,  Netherland,  Texelaar,  Tritomia,  Twisk, 
Rijaneta,  Florence  Herbert,  Violet. 

One  of  the  earliest  families  to  attract  especial  attention  among  breeders 
was  the  Aaggie,  which  was  brought  before  the  public  by  the  proprietors  of 
Lakeside. 

Aaggie,  901,  was  imported  by  them  in  September,  1879. 

The  following  year,  and  while  carrying  twins,  she  gave  18,004  Ibs.  15  oz.  of 
milk  in  a  year — surpassing  all  records,  of  all  breeds,  up  to  that  date. 

About  the  same  time,  Messrs.  Yeomans  &  Sons  imported  her  daughter, 
Aaggie  2d,  which,  as  a  two-year-old,  surpassed  all  records  of  her  age,  by  giving 
17,746  Ibs.  2  oz.  of  milk  in  a  year.  As  a  cow  she  gave  20,763  Ibs.  3  oz.  in  a  year. 
She  also  made  304  Ibs.  5|  oz.  butter  in  ninety  days — surpassing  all  records  of 
that  time  for  butter. 


NETHERLAND  DUCHESS,  No.  2498  H.  H.  B.;  ADVANCED  REGISTRY  130. 

Imported.    Milk  record,  12,770  Ibs.  in  one  year.    Butter  record.  16  Ibs.  15  1-4  oz.  in  a  week; 
22.34  Ibs.  of  milk  making  one  pound  of  butter. 


The  wonderful  showing  made  by  this  cow  and  her  daughter  induced  Messrs. 
Smiths  &  Powell  Co.  to  make  a  special  trip  to  Holland,  for  the  purpose  of 
looking  up  the  family  and  securing  all  the  choice  representatives  thereof. 

They  found  that  Aaggie  was  sired  by  Rooker,  a  noted  prize  winner,  and 
that  his  descendants  had  proven  enormous  milkers,  the  best  of  which  they 
secured,  and  imported  to  this  country. 

This  family  is  so  extensive  that  it  is  not  practical  to  go  into  details  regard- 
ing the  various  individuals,  but  twenty-eight  cows,  all  closely  related — either 
daughters  of  Rooker,  or  his  son  Jacob,  or  grandson  Jacob  2d — have  made  milk 
records  which  average,  for  the  whole  number,  16,560  Ibs.  13  oz.  of  milk  in  a 
year. 

As  butter  makers  they  also  hold  a  high  position— about  twenty  of  the  cows 
referred  to  above  having  made  butter  records  which  average  20  Ibs.  in  a  week. 


BUTTER  RECORDS,  AAGGTE  FAMILY. — ALL  MADE  AT  LAKESIDE. 


Idene  Rooker.     . 
Lady  Griswold,  . 
Aaggie  Beauty  2d, 
Cecelia  Rooker,  . 
Aaggie  Rosa, 


Yrs. 
4 

Lbs.     Oz. 
25      3  1-2 
24    13 
23      5  3-4 
22     13  3-4 
22      81-2 

Sir  Henry  2d's  Elland, 
Aaggie  Rosa  4th, 
Aaggie  Lee, 
Aaergie  Beauty.  . 
Aaggie  Idaline  2d, 

Yrs.    Lbs.    Oz. 

3  21    10  3-4 

4  21      8  1-2 
4       21      5 

20      9 
20      5 


THE  NETHERLAND   FAMILY. 


181 


Yrs.  Lbs.    Oz. 

Yrs. 

Lbs.    Oz. 

Aaggie  May, 

20      2 

Aaggie  Rosa  2d, 

16      2  1-2 

Aaggie  Constance, 

19    141-2 

Aaggie  (two  teats),  . 

15    14  1-2 

Aaggie  Hannah, 

19      73-4 

Aaggie  Cora, 

15    10 

Aaggie  Cornelia  3d,   . 

19      G 

Aaggie  Idaline  6th,    . 

4 

14    14 

Aegis  6th  

19      5" 

Aaggie  Cornelia  5th, 

4 

14      7 

Lambertina, 

19      4 

Topaz  4th,    .... 

3 

14    143-4 

Aaggie  Idaline,  . 

19      2  3-4 

Ida  Rooker  .... 

2 

13    121-2 

Aaggie  Cornelia, 

19      1 

Lambertina  2d,  . 

2 

13      7 

Aaggie  Cornelia  4th, 
Aaggie  Merrell, 
Aaggie  Idaline  2d,      . 

19         1-2 
18      1  3-4 
17    11  3-4 

Aagejie  Pauline,  . 
Margaret  Lincoln,      . 
Jacob  Witt's  Godiva, 

4 
3 
2 

13      5  3-4 
12    10 
12      9  1-2 

Aaggie  Rachel,  . 
Aaggie  Cornelia  3d,  . 
Aaagie  Sarah  2d, 

17      9  3-4 
17      7 
17      5  3-4 

Aaggie  Rosalia,  . 
Aaggie  Ethel,     . 
Hannah  Rooker, 

2 
2 
2 

12      9 
11     11 
11      9  3-4 

Aaggie  Eva, 
Ambronnetta,     . 

17          3-4 

16     15  1-2 

Aaggie  May  4th, 
Aaggie  Bonnie  2d, 

3 

11      9  1-2 
11       6  1-4 

Aaggie  Anna, 

4        16      3 

Phoebe  Lincoln, 

2 

11      2 

Aaggie  Kate, 

16      8  1-2 

These  records  are  all  made  in  our  own  herd,  and  from  animals  imported  or 
bred  by  us. 

MILK  RECORDS,  AAGGIE  FAMILY.— ALL  MADE  AT  LAKESIDE. 

Aaggie,        .... 
Aaggie  Rosa, 
Aaggie  Cornelia  3d,  . 
Aaggie  Idaline,  . 
Aaggie  Rachel,  . 
Lady  Griswold,  . 
Aaggie  Anna,     . 
Aaggie  Sarah,     . 
Aaggie  Rosa  2d, 
Aaggie  Cornelia, 
Aaggie  Constance,    . 
Lambertina, 
Aaggie  Hannah, 
Aaggie  May, 
Aaggie  Beauty, . 
Aaggie  Idaline  3d,     . 
Idene  Rooker,    . 
Aaggie  Beauty  2d,    . 
Aaggie  Cora, 
Aaggie  Cornelia  2d,  . 
Aaggie  Idaline  2d,     . 
Aaggie  Ethel,     . 
Aaggie  Eva, 
Aaggie  Merrel,  . 
Aaggie  Cornelia  4th, 
Ambronnetta,    . 

Gabrina 

Aaggie  Lee, 
Aaggie  Rosa  4th, 
Aaggie  Sarah  2d, 
Lady  De  Ruiter, 

The  Netherland  family  was  one  of  the  earliest  of  the  breed  to  make  a 
reputation  for  the  production  of  butter. 

Among  the  early  importations  made  by  Smiths  &  Powell  Co.  was  the  cow 
Netherland  Queen,  then  rising  two  years  old,  and  which,  commencing  at  that 
age,  surpassed  all  former  records,  by  giving  13,574  Ibs.  3  oz.  of  milk  in  a  year. 
She  gave  58  Ibs.  12  oz.  in  a  day. 

Her  trial  for  butter  disclosed  the  fact  that  her  milk  was  of  very  superior 
quality,  and  as  a  four-year-old  she  made  a  butter  record  of  20  Ibs.  in  a  week. 

These  gentlemen  then  returned  to  Holland,  with  a  view  of  making  further 
tests  of  the  quality  of  the  milk  of  these  cows,  which  proved  to  be  very  satis- 
factory, and  they  then  went  to  work  systematically  to  secure  all  the  cows  of 
that  family  to  be  found  in  Holland. 

Lady  Netherland,  the  dam  of  Netherland  Queen,  was  bought,  and  soon 
gave  birth  to  what  was  afterwards  the  famous  bull  Netherland  Prince,  7-6. 
Netherland  Dowager,  the  grandam  of  Netherland  Prince,  was  also  bought. 
Several  sisters  and  half  sisters  to  Netherland  Queen  were  then  imported,  all  of 
which  made  very  large  butter  records,  some  of  them  surpassing  anything  pre- 
viously done  by  the  breed. 

The  daughters  of  Netherland  Prince  proved  to  be  remarkably  rich  milkers. 
Eight  of  his  daughters,  one  two-year-old,  five  three-year-old,  one  four-year-old, 
and  one  five-year-old,  made  butter  records  which  averaged  20  Ibs.  3£  oz.  in  a 
week,  averaging  1  Ib.  of  butter  from  17.28  Ibs.  of  milk. 


Yrs. 

Lbs. 

Oz. 

Yrs. 

Lbs. 

Oz. 

18,004 

15 

Rosalie  Somers, 

o 

12,588 

13 

20,225 

3 

Aaggie  Idaline  6th,   . 

9 

12,422 

8 

4 

17,350 

Aaggie  Bonnie,  . 

4 

12,267 

10 

17,129 

7 

Aegis  6th,    .... 

12,196 

14 

17,073 

7 

De  Ruiter's  Beatus,  . 

3 

12,099 

17,023 

7 

Aegis  9th  

2 

12,098 

y 

4 

16,993 

2 

Aaggie  Isadora  3d.    . 

12,833 

15 

4 

16,933 

13 

Charity    th,        .        . 

2 

12,333 

6 

16,834 

13 

Netherland  Aaggie,  . 

2 

11,798 

2 

16,794 

11 

Aaggie  Pauline, 

4 

11,599 

10 

2 

16,761 

11 

Topaz  4th,  ..... 

2 

11,480 

12 

16,744 

6 

Aaggie  Kathleen, 

11,390 

13 

4 

16,298 

6 

Aaggie  May  2d,  . 

2 

11,346 

12 

16,125 

10 

Kappijne  3d, 

2 

11,314 

15 

15,795 

CelesteS.,   .... 

2 

11,374 

2 

15,786 
15,157 

1 

10 

Aaggie  Cornelia  3d's  Lass, 
Aaggie's  2d  Daughter, 

2 
2 

11,152 

11,090 

6 
14 

4 

14,958 

14 

Aaggie  Maud  4th, 

2 

11,035 

4 

15,010 

1 

Margaret  Lincoln,    . 

2 

10,986 

9 

14,610 

9 

Nelly  Cooker,     . 

2 

10,946 

4 

14,229 

1 

Aaggie  Cornelia  5th, 

3 

10,879 

9 

2 

14,144 

3 

Miss  Lincoln, 

2 

10,763 

8 

3 

14,016 

9 

Hannah  Rooker, 

2 

10,626 

1 

4 

13,875 

14 

Aaggie  Bonnie  2d, 

2 

10,525 

4 

3 

13,818 

5 

Cecelia  Rooker, 

z 

10,514 

4 

3 

13,540 

1 

Aaggie  Camille, 

2 

10,103 

14 

2 

13,131 

1 

Phoabe  Lincoln, 

2 

10,058 

10 

3 

12,760 

9 

Princess  Aaggie, 

2 

10,302 

15 

3 

12,735 

4 

Susie  Lee  2d,      . 

2 

10,119 

13 

2 

12,682 

15 

Carrie  S.,     . 

2 

io,oas 

3 

12,638 

12 

THE  NETHERLAND  FAMILY. 


183 


Netherland  Princess  4th,  at  28  months  old,  made  21  Ibs.  lOf  oz.  of  butter  in 
a  week,  surpassing  all  records,  of  all  breeds,  for  her  age,  at  that  time. 

Over  twenty-five  cows  of  this  family  have  made  butter  records  which 
average  for  the  whole  number  over  20  Ibs.  in  a  week. 

They  are  also  excellent  milkers,  a  large  number  of  them  having  made  large 
yearly  milk  records  ;  but  their  especial  value  is  in  the  improvement  in  quality 
of  milk.  In  this  respect  probably  no  other  family  has  done  as  much  for  the 
breed. 

The  type  of  the  Netherland  family  is  also  one  which  is  much  desired  and 
sought  after  by  breeders  at  the  present  time.  They  are  low,  broad,  straight, 
square,  blocky,  very  fine  handlers  ;  beautiful  show  animals  ;  mature  at  a  very 
«arly  age,  and  give  large  yields  of  milk  and  butter  when  young.  For  the  show 
ring  they  have  very  few  equals,  especially  when  crossed  with  the  Clothilde 
family,  which  cross  has  become  famous  for  show  purposes. 

MILK  RECORDS,  NETHERLAND  FAMILY.— ALL  MADE  AT  LAKESIDE. 


Netherland  Belle,      . 
Netherland  Consort 
Netherland  Dowager, 
Netherland  Princess, 
Netherland  Dutchess, 
Olothilde  4th,      . 
Netherland  Queen, 
Netherland  Chaperone,    . 
Netherland  Peeress, 
Aegis  10th. 
Netherland  Jewel,    . 
Netherland  Princess  5th, 
Aaggie  Merrel  4th,    . 
Netherland  Baroness  4th, 
Lady  Netherland,     . 
Soldene2d, 
Netherland  Dorinda, 
Netherland  Triumph, 
Netherland  Baroness  2d, 
Netherland  Queen  3d,      . 
Netherland  Queen  2d, 
Netherland  Pride,     . 


Yrs. 

Lbs. 

Oz. 

4 

19,51(5 

8 

17,873 

9 

17,160 

11 

16,766 

13 

16,520 

7 

3 

16,457 

9 

4 

15,614 

9 

15,414 

8 

15,325 

13 

8 

14,511 

13 

4 

14,294 

10 

4 

14,153 

1 

14,034 

3 

4 

13,922 

11 

13,875 

5 

4 

13,868 

11 

13,656 

•J" 

2 

13.139 

4 

13,087 

8 

4 

12,770 

6 

12,622 

7 

2 

12,598 

13 

Netherland  Pet, 
Netherland  Grace,    . 
Netherland  Waukesha,    . 
Netherland  Princess  3d,   . 
Netherland  Aaggie, 
Kappijne  3d,       .... 
Aaggie  Constance  Netherland, 
Netherland     Monk's     Aaggie 
Constance,       .... 
Netherland  Duke's  Nierop,     . 
Netherland  Prince  4th,     . 
Netherland  Countess, 
Netherland  Baroness, 
Netherland  Baroness  4th, 
Aaggie's  2d  Daughter, 
Executrix  2d,     .... 
Lady  Fay's  Netherland.  . 
Netherland  Trifle,     . 
Aaggie  Constance  Nemo, 
Executrix  Netherland, 
Netherland  Baroness  5th, 
Netherland  Clara, 


Yrs. 

Lbs. 

Oz. 

4 

12,525 

3 

2 

12,402 

1 

12,141 

15 

2 

11,978 

3 

2 

11,798 

2 

2 

11,344 

15 

2 

11,348 

13 

2 

11,201 

7 

11,955 

13 

2 

11,478 

2 

11,472 

3 

11,249 

2 

11,211 

12 

2 

11,090 

14 

3 

10,898 

6 

2 

10,607 

6 

4 

10,044 

7 

2 

10,573 

15 

2 

10,299 

10 

2 

10,292 

8 

2 

10,199 

14 

BUTTER  RECORDS  OP  THE  NETHERLAND  FAMILY. — ALL  MADE  AT  "LAKESIDE. 


Netherland  Peeress, 
Netherland  Dorinda, 
Netherland  Baroness  4th, 
Netherland  Princess  5th,  . 
Lady  Netherland, 
Netherland  Baroness, 

Aegis  10th, 

Executrix  2cl 

Netherland  Consort, 
Netherland  Queen,    . 
Netherland  Monk's  Aaggie 

Constance,       .... 
Netherland  Chaperone.    . 
Netherland  Princess  5th, 
Princess  Idaline, 
Netherlaud  Myrrhna, 
Netherland  Jewel, 
Netherland  Princess, 
Daisy  Artis  2d,   . 
Netherland  Queen  3d, 
Netherland  Countess, 
Netherland  Triumph, 
Netherland  Baroness  5th, 
Netherland  Pamelia, 
Netherland  Duchess, 
Netherland  Belle,      . 
Netherland  Dowager, 
Executrix  Netherland, 
Netherland  Pride,      . 
Kappijne  3d,        .... 
Lady  Griswold's  Netherland,  . 
Aaggie  Merrell  4th,   . 
Netherland  Queen  2d, 


Yrs. 

Lbs 

Oz. 

25 

1-4 

24 

91-2 

22 

141-2 

2 

21 

103-4 

21 

3 

21 

3-4 

3 

21 

7 

3 

21 

9 

20 

141-2 

20 

3 

20 

1-2 

19 

81-2 

3 

19 

6 

19 

51-2 

19 

11  1-2 

18 

3-4 

4 

17 

11 

4 

17 

71-2 

4 

17 

71-2 

17 

41-2 

17 

4 

3 

17 

1 

17 

6 

16 

151-2 

3 

16 

7 

16 

1-2 

o 

16 

1-2 

16 

4 

16 

61-2 

4 

16 

61-2 

2 

16 

61-2 

15 

73-4 

Netherland  Ruth, 
Dream  of  Holland  3d, 
Netherland  Duke's  Nierop. 
Aaggie's  2d  Daughter, 
Aaggie's  3d  Daughter, 
Netherland  Gem  2d, 
Netherland  Chaperon  3d, 
Tietsche  2d, 
Netherland  Baroness  4th's 

Artis, 

Cecelia  Rooker  2d,     . 
Netherland  Aaggie,   . 
Lady  of  Vernon, 
Netherland  Dorinda  2d,    . 

Ruth  Artis  2d 

Netherland  Grace,    . 
Aaggie  Constance  Netherland, 
Lady  Fay's  Netherland,  . 
Netherland  Statesman's  Queen, 
Netherland  Grace's  Netherland, 
Dorinda  3d, 
Lady  Netherland  4th, 
Carlotta  3d,        ... 
Netherland  Dutchess  Netherland,  2 
Aegis  2d's  Netherland,     . 
Netherland  Belle  2d, 
Netherland  Countess  4th, 
Netherland  Belva,     . 
Netherland  Simplicity,     . 
Netherland  Countess  3d,  . 
Chloe  Artis  Netherland,   . 
Netherland  Monk's  Constance, 
Aaggie  Constance  Nemo, 


Yrs. 

Lbs. 

Oz. 

2 

10 

3 

15 

3 

3 

15 

21-2 

2 

15 

1 

4 

14 

15 

4 

14 

4 

4 

14 

21-2 

2 

14 

2 

13 

14 

3 

13 

13 

3 

13 

11 

23m 

13 

10  3-4 

3 

13 

101-2 

3 

13 

91-2 

2 

13 

41-2 

2 

12 

51-2 

2 

12 

11-2 

,  2 

12 

9 

,  2 

12 

61-2 

2 

11 

12 

2 

11 

81-2 

2 

11 

31-2 

d,2 

11 

9 

2 

10 

13 

2 

10 

101-4 

2 

10 

4 

2 

10 

4 

2 

10 

1  1-2 

2 

10 

2 

10 

12 

2 

10 

91-2 

2 

10 

101-2 

.^These  records  were  all  made  by  cows  bred  or  imported  by  us,  and  all  made 
in  our  own  herd. 


THE  CLOTHILDE  FAMILY. 


185 


BUTTER  RECORDS  OP  DAUGHTERS  AND  GRANDDAUGHTERS  OF  NETHERL.AND  PRINCE. 
BRED  AND  OWNED  AT  LAKESIDE. 


CarlottaSd,         

Clothilde  4th 

Netherland  Princess  4th,  . 
Clothilde  5th,      . 
Executrix  2d, 

Aegis  10th 

Netherland  Monk's  Aaggie  Con 

stance, 

Netherland  Princess  5th,  . 
Princess  Idaline, 

Soldene  2d, 

Clothilde  3d's  Countess,    . 

Clothilde  6th 

Daisy  Artis  2d,    .... 
Aaggie  Merrell  4th,    . 
Executrix  Netherland,     . 
Kappijne  3d, 

Lady  Griswold's  Netherland,  . 
Dream  of  Holland  3d, 
Aaggie's  2d  Daughter, 

Clothilde  8th 

Aaggie's  3d  Daughter,      . 
Crown  Jewel  3d,         ... 
Aegis  lOth's  Clothilde,      . 
Tietsche2d,         .... 
Netherland  Chaperon  3d, 


Yrs. 

Lbs. 

Oz. 

26 

3 

23 

101-4 

2 

21 

103-4 

3 

21 

10 

3 

21 

9 

8 

21 

y 

3 

20 

1-4 

3 

19 

6 

19 

51-2 

3 

19 

3-4 

4 

19 

121-4 

3 

17 

10 

4 

17 

71-2 

2 

16 

61-2 

2 

16 

1-2 

4 

16 

61-2 

4 

16 

61-2 

4 

15 

3 

2 

15 

1 

15 

5 

3 

14 

15 

8 

14 

12 

2 

14 

7 

2 

14 

2 

14 

21-2 

Ruth  Artis  2d 

Lambertina  2d,  . 

Olany, 

Netherland  Ruth,      . 
Aaggie  Constance  Netherland, 
Clothilde  4th's  Netherland,     . 
Netherland  Grace,     . 
Lady  Fay's  Netherland,    . 
Netherland  Grace's  Netherland, 
Clothilde  Netherland, 
Netherland  Duchess  Netherland, 
Duchess  of  Veragua, 
Netherland  Dorinda  3d,    . 
Princess  Netherland  Clothilde, 
Netherland  Statesman's  Clothilde,  2 
Netherland  Dowager  2d'sPrincess,  2 
CarlottaSd,         . 
Aegis  2d's  Netherland, 
Netherland  Belle  2d, 
Chloe  Artis  Netherland,   . 
Clothilde  6th's  Clothilde, 
Netherland  Monk's  Constance, 
Aaggie  Constance  Nemo, 
Addie2d,     ..... 
Netherland  Simplicity,     . 
Netherland  Countess'3d,  . 


Yrs. 

Lbs. 

o/. 

3 

13 

91-2 

2 

13 

7 

3 

13 

1 

3 

12 

12  1-2 

2 

12 

512 

2 

12 

11 

2 

12 

41-2 

2 

12 

1  1-2 

2 

12 

61-2 

2 

11 

101-2 

;,  2 

11 

9 

2 

11 

12 

2 

11 

121-2 

2 

ll 

41-2 

le,2 

11 

1  1-2 

38,2 

11 

1 

2 

11 

31-2 

2 

10 

13 

2 

10 

101-4 

2 

10 

12 

2 

10 

21-2 

2 

10 

91-2 

2 

10 

12  1-2 

•2 

10 

91-2 

2 

10 

11-2 

2 

10 

Twenty-nine  of  the  above  were  daughters  of  Netherland  Prince,  and  the 
others  are  his  granddaughters.  All  were  bred  and  owned  at  Lakeside. 

In  1880  Messrs.  Smiths  &  Powell  imported  from  Holland  a  yearling  heifer 
of  rare  beauty  of  form,  finish  and  promise,  selected  on  account  of  these  quali- 
ties, and  because  her  dam  possessed  all  the  characteristics  of  an  enormous 
milker,  coupled  with  the  natural  beauty  and  remarkable  physical  development 
of  the  daughter.  This  heifer  was  Clothilde,  1308. 

She  was  highly  valued  by  her  owners,  but  they  had  no  conception  of  the 
wonderful  reputation  she  was  destined  to  make  for  herself  and  family. 

As  a  three-year-old  she  made  herself  conspicuous  among  dairy  cows,  by 
producing  in  a  year  15,622i  Ibs.  of  milk,  surpassing  all  previous  records  for 
that  age.  As  a  four-year-old  she  gave  17,970  Ibs.  3  oz.  in  a  year,  again  excelling 


NETHERLAND  PRINCE,   No.  716  H.  H.  B.;  ADVANCED  REGISTRY,  No/S. 


186 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE 


all  records  for  that  age.  As  a  six-year-old  she  gave  26,021^  Ibs.  in  a  year,  far 
surpassing  all  previous  records. 

She  averaged^  for  five  years,  commencing  before  she  was  two  years  old, 
18,579  Ibs.  She  made  28  Ibs.  2£  oz.  of  butter  in  a  week. 

At  the  New  York  Dairy  Show  at  Madison  Square  Garden  in  1887,  she  was 
awarded  the  first  prize  for  butter,  over  all  breeds;  her  three-year-old  daughter, 
Clothilde  4th,  winning  second  in  competition  with  all  ages  and  all  breeds. 

Clothilde  2d,  as  a  four -year-old,  eclipsed  all  previous  records  for  that -age 
by  giving  23,602f  Ibs.  of  milk  in  a  year. 

Commencing  with  her  two-year-old  record,  she  gave  in  four  years  77,212 
Ibs.  15  oz.  of  milk,  an  average  of  19,303£  Ibs.  per  year,  surpassing  all  records  for 
that  length  of  time  and  age. 

She  excelled  all  previous  butter  records  by  making  320  Ibs.  If  oz.  in  ninety 
days,  while  her  best  week  was  30$  Ibs. 

Clothilde  and  four  of  her  daughters  (five  head)  made  milk  records  which 
averaged  18,156  Ibs.  13  oz.  per  year,  one  being  but  three,  and  two  four  years 
old  at  time  of  test. 

For  butter  two  were  tested  at  three  years,  and  one  at  four  years,  and  the 
average  record  for  the  five  was  24  Ibs.  4f  oz.  per  week. 

Forty  two-year-old  heifers  of  the  Clothilde  family — all  descendants  of 
Clothilde,  named  above— have  been  tested  at  Lakeside  for  butter,  making  an 
average  for  the  whole  number  of  a  little  over  12  Ibs.  per  week. 

Sixteen  members  of  this  family  have  been  tested  for  pure  butter  fats  by 
the  Babcock  test,  showing  an  average  for  the  whole  number  of  4.08  per  cent. 

The  milk  records  of  the  Clothilde  family  are  equally  as  remarkable  as  its 
butter  production. 


MILK  RECORDS,  CLOTHILDE  FAMILY — ALL  MADE  AT  LAKESIDE. 


Clothilde,    .... 
Clothilde  2d, 
Clothilde  4th,     . 
Netherland  Duchess  2d,   . 
Clothilde  3d's  Countess,   . 
Clothilde  2d's  Duchess,    . 
Clothilde  6th,     . 
Clothilde  8th,     . 
Clothilde  4th's  Netherland, 
Executrix  Clothilde, 


Yrs. 


Lbs.  Oz. 
26,021  2 
10 


16,457 
15,185 
13,189 
13,150 
12,612 
12,190 
12,578 
12,207 


Queen  Netherland  Clothilde, 
Clothilde  3d's  Beauty, 
Netherland  Clothilde  Countess, 
Clothilde  3d's  Clothilde,  . 
Idene  Clothilde, 
Clothilde  6th's  Clothilde, 
Clothilde  5th,     . 
Duchess  of  Veragua,  in  10  ms. 
and  25  days,    .... 


Yrs. 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
3 


Lbs.  Oz. 

11,915  10 

11,839  2 

11,026  2 

10,997  12 

10.942  10 

10,093  9 
10,072  14 

11,579 


BUTTER  RECORDS,  CLOTHILDE  FAMILY— ALL  MADE  AT  LAKESIDE. 


Clothilde  2d 

Clothilde,  .... 
Clothilde  4th,  ... 
Clothilde  5th 

Clothilde  2d's  Duchess,     . 
Clothilde  3d's  Countess,   . 
Clothilde  3d's  Clothilde,  . 
Clothilde  6th 
Countess  Clothilde,   .. 
Netherland  Duchess  2d,  .        . 
Idene  Rooker's  Clothilde,  under    2 
Clothilde  8th,      .... 
Clothilde  3d,       .... 
Aegis  lOth's  Clothilde,      .       . 
Queen  Netherland  Clothilde,  . 
Idene  Rooker's  Netherland,    . 
Kaan's  Marie  2d's  Von  Holingen,  2 
Countess  of  Clothilde,      . 
Queen  of  Clothildes,        . 


Yrs. 

Lbs. 

Oz. 

30 

8 

28 

21-4 

3 

23 

101-4 

3 

21 

10 

19 

151-4 

19 

121-4 

19 

11 

18 

11  1-2 

3 

18 

61-2 

3 

17 

1-2 

•  2 

17 

2 

15 

5 

15 

6 

2 

14 

7 

•> 

14 

121-2 

2 

14 

91-2 

D,  2 

14 

3-4 

2 

13 

71-2 

2 

13 

9 

In  tie  Von  Holingen, . 
Clothilde  4th1s  Netherland,     . 
Columbia  Clothilde,  . 
Sir  Clothilde  Carlotta,      . 
Clothilde  Netherland, 
Princess  Netherland  Clothilde, 
Netherland  Countess  Clothilde, 
Cecelia  Clothilde. 
Clothilde  3d's  Beauty,      . 
Duchess  of  Veragua, 
Aaggie  Merreirs  Clothilde,     . 
Eva  Aaggie  Clothilde, 
Clothilde  4th's  Artis  Aaggie  Rosa  2 
Princess  Netherland  Clothilde, 
Netherland  Statesman's  Clothilde  2 
Clothilde  6th's  Netherland, 
Executrix  Clothilde, . 
Clothilde  6th's  Clothilde, 
Clothilde  Idaline,       . 


Yrs. 

Lbs. 

Oz. 

2 

13 

21-2 

2 

12 

11 

2 

12 

2 

12 

151-2 

2 

11 

101-2 

2 

11 

412 

2 

11 

81-2 

2 

11 

9 

2 

11 

3 

2 

11 

12 

11 

13 

2 

11 

21-2 

a  2 

11 

111-2 

2 

11 

41-2 

ie2 

11 

1-2 

2 

10 

13  1-2 

2 

10 

151-2 

2 

10 

21-2 

2 

10 

7 

These  records  were  all  made  at  Lakeside,  and  from  cows  bred  or  imported 
by  that  establishment. 

The  Artis  family,  which  has  proven  very  desirable,  was  brought  into  prom- 
inence at  Lakeside. 

The  founder  of  this  family,  Artis,  owned  by  Messrs.  Man  &  Son  of  Holland, 
was  bred  by  the  government  of  the  Netherlands,  his  dam  and  sire  both  having 
been  kept  in  the  Zoological  Gardens  at  Amsterdam,  as  choice  specimens  of  the 
breed. 

This  bull  founded  a  choice  family,  a  large  number  of  which  were  brought 
to  America  by  Smiths  &  Powell  Co. 


OAKLAND  CHIEF,  No.  3:259  H.  F.  H.  B. 


ONONIS,  No.  2366  H.  H.  B. 
Milk  record,  68  3-4  Ibs.  in  one  day;  1979  Ibs.  12  oz.  in  one  month  at  three  years  old. 


18S  HQLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


They  proved  to  be  animals  of  fine  quality,  unusually  good  handlers,  even, 
desirable  milkers,  good  butter  makers,  and  have  added  to  the  quality  and  finish 
of  nearly  every  herd  into  which  they  have  been  introduced. 

Artis  was  the  most  famous  bull  in  Holland.  His  owner  refused  $2,000  for 
him,  which  was  considered  an  enormous  price  in  that  country. 

Among  the  first  cows  of  the  black-and-whites  to  give  to  the  breed  a  national 
reputation  was  Aegis,  69. 

She  was  bred  by  Hon.  G.  S.  Miller,  and  sold  to  Messrs.  Smiths  &  Powell  Co., 
in  whose  hands  she  and  her  nine  daughters  established  the  just  claim  as  one  of 
the  great  families  of  the  breed. 

Her  sire  was  Rip  Van  Winkle,  35,  and  her  dam  was  Agoo,  1,  a  daughter 
of  Dowager,  7,  the  first  cow  to  make  a  well-authenticated  milk  record  of  12,68H 
Ibs.  in  a  year.  At  six  years  of  age  Aegis  surpassed  all  previous  records,  of  all 
breeds,  by  giving  16,823  Ibs.  10  oz.  of  milk  in  a  year,  and  at  thirteen  years  of 
age  she  made  2  51bs.  13^  oz.  of  butter  in  a  week,  and  100  Ibs.  6  oz.  in  thirty  days. 

Aegis  and  four  of  her  daughters,  the  only  ones  tested  for  so  long  a  period, 
made  yearly  milk  records  which  averaged  for  the  five  14,714  Ibs.  12  oz.,  and 
weekly  butter  records  which  averged  20  Ibs.  1  oz.,  although  one  was  but  two 
years,  and  one  but  three  years  at  time  of  test. 

Others  showed  equal  promise,  on  shorter  tests,  before  they  were  sold.  Sev- 
eral granddaughters,  at  two  years,  made  yearly  milk  records  of  9,000  to  10,000 
Ibs.  in  a  year,  and  butter  records  of  from  10  to  14  Ibs.  in  a  week. 

The  Johanna  family,  which  has  won  its  way  into  distinction  as  among  the 
best  of  the  breed,  has  been  developed  principally  by  Gillett  &  Son,  whose  herd 
is  largely  made  up  of  members  of  this  great  family  of  milk  and  butter  pro- 
ducers. Its  origin  comes  from  the  great  Johanna,  bought  by  special  order  as 
one  of  the  greatest  cows  to  be  found  in  Holland,  for  Hon.  G.  S.  Miller,  in  whose 
hands  she  made  a  milk  record  of  88  Ibs.  in  one  day  and  2,407f  Ibs.  in  one  month. 
It  was  while  under  this  test  she  was  selected  by  one  of  the  members  of  the  firm 
of  Gillett  &  Son  at  a  cost  of  $537.50,  although  at  the  time  she  was  a  cow  ten 
years  old.  She  proved  herself  a  valuable  acquisition  to  this  great  herd  and  as 
a  breeder  of  animals  of  the  highest  character,  certainly  one  of  the  best  of 
the  breed. 

She  calved  four  daughters  at  Springvale,  Johanna  2d,  3d,  4th  and  5th  ;  also 
one  son.  Johanna  2d  and  3d  were  sent  to  the  block  because  of  being  barren, 
and  her  son  died  at  one  week  old.  We  believe  she  produced  for  Mr.  Miller  two 
sons  and  two  daughters,  viz.:  Jonah,  formerly  at  the  head  of  J.  W.  Stillwell's 
herd  of  Ohio ;  Joe,  who  was  retained  for  some  years  at  the  head  of  G.  S. 
Miller's  herd.  Joan  of  Arc  and  Joy,  who  produced  in  one  day  67  Ibs.  and  76  Ibs. 
of  milk  respectively,  were  also  keut  bv  the  last  named  gentleman,  where  they 
died. 

The  many  Johannas  of  Springvale  herd  are  direct  descendants  of  Johannas 
4th  and  5th,  whose  records  follow :  Johanna  4th  at  seven  years  old  made  a 
milk  record  of  52  Ibs.  in  one  day  and  a  butter  record  of  16  Ibs.  10  oz.  in  one 
week ;  at  ten  years  old  she  reached  76.2  Ibs.  milk  in  one  day,  2,006.2  Ibs.  in  one 
month  and  20£  Ibs.  butter  in  one  week  by  the  Babcock  test. 

Johanna  5th  made  as  a  two-year-old,  42-J  Ibs.  milk  in  one  day  and  14  Ibs.  2 
oz.  butter  in  one  week  ;  at  four  years  old  she  gave  67  Ibs.  10  oz.  milk  in  one 
day  and  16,186  Ibs.  5  oz.  in  one  year  and  made  by  the  Babcock  test  23  Ibs.  5  oz. 
butter  in  one  week ;  at  seven  years  old,  after  recovering  from  an  attack  of 
parturient  paralysis,  she  was  entered  in  the  Wisconsin  State  Butter  Contest  and 
won  easily  over  twenty-one  other  cows  of  all  breeds.  Her  record  at  that  time, 
we  believe,  has  never  been  surpassed  in  a  similar  test  by  a  cow  of  any  breed 
with  one  exception.  At  this  age  under  very  adverse  circumstances  and  officially 
supervised,  was  89  Ibs.  3  oz.  milk  in  one  day,  2,419  Ibs.  in  one  month  and  a  butteV 
record  of  22  Ibs.  \  oz.  She  will  long  be  remembered  as  the  cow  that  led  us  on 
to  victory  in  the  hotly  contested  butter  test  in  Wisconsin  in  1894  in  the  very 
hot-bed  of  Jersey  enthusiasm.  She  not  only  defeated  the  Jerseys  by  a  strong 
lead,  but  surpassed  any  work  of  any  cow  at  the  Columbian  test  for  a  yield  of 
two  consecutive  days. 

Johanna  May,  a  daughter  of  Johanna  4th,  gave  as  a  six-year-old  74  Ibs.  13  oz. 
of  milk  in  one  day,  2,020.1  Ibs.  in  one  month,  and  made  20  Ibs.  3  oz.  butter  in 
one  week. 

Johanna  Nig,  another  daughter  of  Johanna  4th,  made  as  a  two-year-old 
35  Ibs.  7  oz.  of  milk  in  one  day  and  11  Ibs.  3  oz.  butter  in  one  week.  Other 


THE  JOHANNA  FAMILY. 


189 


daughters  of  Johanna  4th  not  yet  old  enough  to  milk,  are  Johanna  Aaggie  and 
Johanna  Clothilde. 

Johanna  Rue,  the  oldest  of  Johanna  Sth's  daughters,  made  as  a  two  year- 
old  15  Ibs.  7  oz.  butter  in  one  week  and  44  Ibs.  14  oz.  milk  in  one  day  :  as  a 
five-year-old  she  made  18  Ibs.  2  oz.  butter  in  one  week  and  70  Ibs.  milk  in 
one  day,  14,000  Ibs.  in  one  year  and  490  Ibs.  butter  fat,  equal  by  rules  of  Advanced 
Registry  612£  Ibs.  worked  butter. 

Another  daughter  is  Johanna  Sth's  Clothilde,  who  in  official  tests  made  the 
following  records:  As  a  two-year-old  45  Ibs.  13  oz.  milk  in  one  day,  12£  Ibs. 
butter  in  one  week  ;  as  a  three-year-old  16  Ibs.  i  oz.  butter  in  one  week  and  61 
Ibs.  milk  in  one  day. 

Johanna  Rue  2d,  dam  Johanna  Rue,  made  as  a  two-year-old  50  Ibs.  10  oz. 
of  milk  in  one  day  and  12  Ibs.  3  oz.  butter  in  one  week;  and  Johanna  2d's  Beauty 
at  three  years  52  Ibs.  milk  in  one  day  and  16  Ibs.  5  oz.  butter  in  one  week. 


^      &^%&e$Mte&i&caiis&&J& 

~ 


Weight,  2,500  Ibs.    Milk  record  in  pedigree:  Empress,  109  Ibs.  in  one  day:  Oude  Empress,  114 
Ibs.  in  one  day.    Dam's  butter  record,  38 Ibs.  8  1-2  oz.  in  seven  days. 

Young  things  of  the  Johanna  family  now  at  Springvale  are  Johannas  Aaggie, 
Clothilde,  May  2d,  Pauline,  De  Kol,  and  Mutual,  all  of  rare  individual  promise. 
The  esteem  that  greets  the  Johanna  strain  of  blood  can  be  best  seen  from  the 
fact  that  many  of  the  finest  herds  in  the  world  are  headed  by  sons  and  grand- 
sons of  Johannas  4th  and  5th. 

The  characteristics  of  the  Johanna  tribe  are  their  fine  finish,  uniformity 
and  individual  beauty  and  style  ;  they  are  good  size,  weighing,  at  maturity, 
from  1350  Ibs.  to  1500  Ibs.,  but  lack  the  roughness  which  one  expects  to  find  in 
cows  of  this  size  ;  on  the  other  hand  they  are  very  fine  in  bone,  very  broad  and 
smooth,  being  described  from  milk  to  the  milk  and  beef  form  and  are  noted 
prize  winners. 

Johanna  5th  was  first  prize  two-year-old  heifer  at  the  Wisconsin  Central 
and  Wisconsin  State  Fairs  ;  as  a  three-year-old  won  first  at  Wisconsin  Central 
and  second  in  aged  cow  class  at  Wisconsin  State  and  was  in  all  these  shows 
member  of  first  prize  Holstein  herd.  She  was  first  at  La  Crosse,  second  at 
Minnesota  and  Wisconsin  State  Fairs  in  1894  and  at  these  was  member  of 


190 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


sweepstakes  Holstein  herd.  Her  daughter,  Johanna  Rue,  was  first  in  two-year- 
old  class  at  Wisconsin  and  Inter-State  Fairs  and  member  of  winning  aged  and 
young  herds. 

Johanna  Sth's  Clothilde  was  first  in  two-year-old  class  at  La  Crosse  in  1894, 
second  at  Minnesota  and  first  at  Wisconsin  State  Fair,  being  member  also  of 
the  sweepstakes  aged  and  young  herds  at  La  Crosse,  all  breeds  competing  ; 
member  of  produce  herd  for  cow  and  bull  at  Minnesota  and  Wisconsin  State 
Fairs  in  1894 ;  and  at  three  years  old,  in  1895,  she  was  placed  third  in  aged  cow 
class  at  Wisconsin  State. 

Johanna  Rue  3d,  of  same  age,  was  second  at  La  Crosse,  first  at  Minnesota 
and  second  at  Wisconsin  State  Fairs  in  1894,  being  member  of  bull  and  progeny 
herd  that  in  each  case  was  awarded  sweepstakes. 

Johanna  Aaggie  was  second  prize  yearling  at  Wisconsin  State  Fair  in  1895, 
member  of  first  prize  young  herd  and  first  prize  aged  herd. 

Johanna  De  Kol  was  first  prize  calf  at  Wisconsin  and  Minnesota  State,  also 
Interstate  Fair,  in  1894,  and  was  member  of  first  prize  young  herd,  sweepstakes 
and  aged  herd  at  last  named  show  ;  also  member  first  prize  aged  and  young 
herds  at  Wisconsin  State,  the  same  year ;  again  in  1895  she  was  member  of 
first  prize  young  herd  at  Wisconsin  State  Fair. 

Johanna  Clothilde  and  Johanna  May  3d  were  first  and  third  in  calf  class  at 
Wisconsin  State  Fair  in  1895,  the  former  member  first  aged  herd  and  both  mem- 
bers of  the  winning  young  herd. 


Cows. 

Age   at 
time  of 
record. 

Milk  in  1 
Day. 

Milk  in  1 
Month. 

Milk  in  1 
Year. 

Butter  in  1 
Month. 

Johanna,   
Joan  of  Arc 

10 

88. 
76    • 

2,407.75 



14  Ibs. 

4 

67 

Johanna  4th 

7 

52 

16  "  10  oz 

Johanna  4th 

10 

76  2 

2  006  2 

20  "    8 

Johanna  May 

3 

5025 

16  "    6 

Johanna  May, 

6 

74  13 

2,020.1 

20  "    3 

Johanna  5th,                                    . 

2 

42  50 

14  "    2 

Johanna  5th,     
Johanna  5th,     
Johanna  Nig 

4 
7 
2 

67.10 
89.3 
35  7 

2,001.3 
2,419 

16,186.5 

23  "    5 
22  "    1 
11  "    3 

Johanna  2d:s  Beauty, 

3 

52. 

16  "    5 

Johanna  5th's  Clothilde, 

2 

45  13 

12    '    4 

Johanna  5th's  Clothilde, 

3 

61. 

16    '  % 

Johanna  Rue 

2 

44  14 

15    '    7 

Johanna  Rue,   
Johanna  Rue  2d 

5 
2 

70. 
50  10 

1,928.5 

14,000 

18    '    2 

Johanna  Rue  2d,      .                .        . 

3 

60. 

14    '     1     l 

This  list  comprises  every  female  of  the  Johanna  family  that  has  ever  been 
tested  so  far  as  we  know. 

WAYNE  FAMILY. 

This  remarkable  family  of  Holstein-Friesians  is  descended  from  Queen  of 
Wayne,  H.  H.  B.  955,  Advanced  Register  No.  1,  selected  personally  by  Mr. 
T.  G.  Yeomans,  in  Holland  in  1879,  as  the  best  cow  of  the  breed  he  was  able  to 
find  regardless  of  price.  This  family  is,  by  many  breeders,  considered  co-equal 
with  the  Aaggie.  It  is  not  large,  sprung  as  it  is  from  one  cow,  but  what  it 
lacks  in  numbers  it  more  than  makes  up  in  quality.  Highest  merit  has  always 
been  the  characteristic  of  the  animals  with  this  strain  in  their  veins.  We  know 
of  no  cow  which  has  excelled  her  in  transmitting  to  her  descendants  her  capac- 
ity to  give  plenty  of  rich  milk.  This  is  a  pronounced  characteristic  of  the  fam- 
ily, and  as  inseparable  from  them  as  the  black  and  white  marks.  They  are  large, 
vigorous  and  symmetrical  animals. 

Queen  of  Wayne  gave  75|  Ibs.  of  milk  in  a  day,  14,506i  Ibs.  in  ten  months, 
dropping  her  next  calf  within  one  year.  When  eleven  years  old,  and  after  the 
loss  of  one-quarter  of  her  udder,  she  made  l?i  Ibs.  of  thoroughly  worked  butter 
in  one  week,  50  Ibs.  2£  oz.  in  twenty-one  days,  made  by  churning  the  cream 
bv  the  Cooley  process. 

Her  daughter.  Princess  of  Wayne,  H.  H.  B.  954,  Advanced  Register  No.  2, 
was  the  worthy  offspring  of  so  remarkable  a  dam.  She  gave  in  her  two-year- 


192 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


Butter  in  a  Week.                                                                Yrs. 

Lbs. 

Oz. 

Yrs. 

Lbs.  Oz. 

Mutual  Friend  2d's  Wayne,             6 

22 

53-4 

6 

21      8 

Netherland  Wayne,  . 

6 

16 

3 

16    121-5 

Princess  Aaggie,  three  teats, 

6 

16 

31-2 

2 

12      1  4-5 

Pauline  Paul  America,     . 

2 

13 

44-5 

;> 

13      4 

Princess  of  Wayne,    . 

10 

24 

14 

7 

19    10 

Princess  of  Wayne  3d,      . 

3 

18 

12 

3 

14    10 

Princess  of  Wayne  4th,     . 

6 

19 

8 

3 

13    12 

Princess  of  Wayne  5th,     . 

6 

21 

15 

2 
'.        2 

14      8 
11       6 

Princess  of  Wayne  5th's  Aagg 
Princess  of  Wayne  7th,     . 

e,    3 

2 

14 

9 

12 
6 

3 

16      2  7-8 

Queen  of  Wayne,  three  teats 

11 

17 

4 

3 

21      5 

Queen  of  Wayne  2d,  . 

4 

16 

61-2 

3 

16      7  1-2 

Roxie  Wayne,     . 

4 

21 

13-5 

3 

16      1  1-4 

1  Sadie  Vale  Concordia, 

2 

13 

141-3 

old  form,  14,008  Ibs.  9  oz.  of  milk  in  ten  months  and  twenty  days,  and  dropped 
her  next  calf  within  less  than  one  year;  she  gave  in  her  five-year-old  form,  20,469 
tbs.  9  oz.;  in  her  eight-year-old  form,  20,561  Ibs.  8  oz.;  in  her  nine-year-old  form, 
21,104  Ibs.  7  oz.;  in  her  twelve-year-old  form,  twenty-nine  thousand  and  eight 
pounds  and  eleven  ounces  in  twelve  months,  which  exceeds  any  other  record 
ever  made  by  nearly  three  thousand  pounds,  except  one.  She  gave  birth  to 
eleven  choice,  healthy  calves  in  twelve  years  and  four  days,  and  in  twelve  years 
nine  and  a  half  months,  gave,  by  actual  weighing  of  each  milking,  195,770  Ibs. 
14  oz.  of  milk  (nearly  200  tons),  which  is  an  average  of  nearly  42  Ibs.  per  day 
for  every  day  from  the  date  of  her  first  calf  including  all  the  time  she  was 
dry  between  calves.  Her  best  day's  record  is  113  Ibs.  1  oz.,  and  3.182  Ibs.  2  oz. 
in  thirty  days.  She  made  24  Ibs.  14  oz.  of  thoroughly  worked  butter  in  a  week. 
This  record,  as  a  whole,  is  regarded  by  many  of  our  best  breeders  as  the  most 
wonderful  performance  of  any  cow. 

Twenty-seven  of  this  family,  including  seven  two-years,  nine  three-years, 
two  four-years  and  only  nine  mature  cows,  averaged  16  Ibs.  13  oz.  of  butter  in 
a  week,  and  58  Ibs.  6f  oz.  of  milk  in  a  day. 

BUTTER  RECORDS  OF  THE  WAYNE  FAMILY. 


Aaggie  Cornucopia,  . 
Aaggie  Cornucopia  2d, 
Aaggie  Cornucopia  3d, 
Aaggie  Pearl,     . 
Aaggie  3d's  Wayne,  . 
America  Grant, . 
America  2d, 
Brookside  Lilith, 
Concordia  2d's  America,  . 
Dorinda  Wayne, 
Dorothy  Ondine  Wayne,  . 
Jetske  Wayne,   . 
Lilith  Aaggie  Wayne, 

The  entire  twenty-seven,  comprising  seven  of  two  years,  nine  of  three  years, 
two  of  four  years,  and  nine  only  of  mature  cows,  averaged  16  Ibs.  13  oz.  of 
butter  in  a  week. 

MILK  RECORDS  OF  THE  WAYNE  FAMILY. 

Aaggie  Pearl, 
Aagtrie  3drs  Wayne, 
Aaggie  Wayne,     . 
America  Grant,     . 
Concordia  2d's  America.     . 
Mutual  Friend  2d's  Wayne, 
Netherland  Wayne,     . 
Princess  Aaggie,  three  teats, 
Pauline  Paul  America, 
Princess  of  Wayne,      . 
Princess  of  Wayne  3d, 
Princess  of  Wayne  4th, 
Princess  of  Wayne  5th, 
Princess  of  Wayne  5th's  Aaggie. 
Princess  of  Wayne  7th, 
Queen  of  Wayne, 
Queen  of  Wayne  2d,    . 
Sadie  Vale  Concordia, 

The  nine  two-year,  two  three-year,  and  one  four-year-old  averaged  52  Ibs. 
10  oz.  of  milk  in  a  day,  ll,537i  Ibs.  in  a  year;  the  six  mature  cows  averaged  80£ 
Ibs.  in  a  day,  16,822  Ibs.  9f  oz.  in  a  year. 

The  eighteen  averaged  61  Ibs.  15  oz.  in  a  day,  13,299  Ibs.  5J-  oz.  in  a  year. 

MUTUAL  FRIEND  FAMILY. 

This  is  a  new  family  just  coming  into  prominence,  noted  for  the  richness, 
as  well  as  the  superior  style  and  finish  of  its  animals. 

The  cow  Mutual  Friend,  H.  H.  B.  No.  10139,  Advanced  Registry  No.  193, 
was  imported  by  T.  G.  Yeomans  &  Sons  of  Walworth,  N.  Y.,  when  a  calf  in  1884. 

In  her  two-year-old  form  she  gave  56  Ibs.  7  oz.  of  milk  in  a  day  ;  13,341  Ibs.  9 
oz.  in  a  year ;  as  a  three-year-old,  82  Ibs.  5  oz.  in  a  day,  16,281  Ibs.  15  oz.  in  a 
year,  and  made  20  Ibs.  13  oz.  of  thoroughly  worked  butter  in  a  week,  by  churn- 
ing the  cream  by  the  Cooley  process. 


Age.      Milk  1  Day.             One  Year. 

2        55  Ibs.  13  oz.        11,305  Ibs.  8  o 

2        48    "     14 

12,817     "    7    l 

4        61    "       9 

12,156     " 

2        42    "     14 

10,241     "    2 

2        47    "       4 

12.120     "    3 

2        48    " 

11,664     "    6 

2        55    "      11 

12,887     "    1 

7        71 

'        2 

12,522     "    2 

2        45 

6 

9,976 

1 

12      113 

1 

29,008 

11 

6        83 

'      15 

19,122 

8 

5        71 

'       8 

14,010 

11 

5        68 

*                       11,765 

8 

2        51 

6    "          12,458 

3        65 

'       1    "          10,998 

14 

8        75 

8    "          14,506 

2 

'        9    "          11,567 

11 

2        47    "        2    "          10,258 

4 

THE  MUTUAL  FRIEND   FAMILY. 


193 


Her  daughter,  Mutual  Friend  2d,  H.  F.  H.  B.  10513,  Advanced  Registry 
961,  has  made  the  following  records  :  At  two  years,  47  Ibs.  15  oz.  of  milk  in  a 
day,  9,892  Ibs.  14  oz.  in  a  year,  and  13  Ibs.  1  oz.  of  butter  in  a  week  ;  as  a  four- 
year-old,  75  Ibs.  9  oz.  of  milk  in  a  day,  12,997  Ibs.  3  oz.  in  a  year,  and  17  Ibs.  3i 
oz.  of  butter  in  a  week  ;  at  six  years  she  tested  23  Ibs.  2  oz.  by  the  Babcock  test. 
At  seven  years  she  gave  86  Ibs.  11  oz.  of  milk  in  a  day,  and  made  an  "  officially 
authenticated  "  butter  record  of  25  Ibs.  12^%  oz.  in  a  week,  as  tested  by  the 
dairy  department  of  Cornell  Experiment  Station,  and  was  awarded  the  third 
butter  prize  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  $48.00  Her  lowest  amount 
of  butter  in  one  day  was  3.585  Ibs.,  which  is  higher  than  the  best  day's  record 
of  any  Jersey  cow  in  the  Columbian  dairy  test.  Her  average  butter  fat  for  the 
week  was  4.4  per  cent. 

This  "official"  test  fully  corroborated  all  that  her  owners  had  ever  reported 
of  her  as  a  butter  maker. 

Another  daughter,  Mutual  Friend  3d,  H.  F.  H.  B.  28389,  Advanced  Registry 
No.  1119,  was  "officially"  tested  when  three  years  old  by  Prof.  H.  H.  Wing,  of 


PAUL  ALBAN  DE  KOL,  No.  210&J  H.  F.  H.  B. 

the  dairy  department  of  Cornell  Experiment  Station.  Her  record  was  61  Ibs.  2 
oz.  milk  in  a  day,  and  21.84  Ibs.  of  butter  in  a  week.  She  was  awarded  the  first 
butter  prize  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  over  all  the  mature  cows 
competing.  Under  the  rules  which  governed  the  tests  this  record  of  a  three- 
year-old  is  equivalent  to  28  Ibs.  8.93  oz.  in  a  week  for  a  mature  cow,  and  nearly 
2  Ibs.  more  than  any  other  record  of  that  test.  Her  average  per  cent  of  butter 
fat  for  the  week  was  4.27,  and  her  highest  was  4.9  per  cent. 

Her  lowest  butter  in  any  day  was  3.016  pounds,  than  which  there  were  only 
six  better  records  for  a  day  made  at  Chicago  by  mature  cows.  Her  record  is  1.68 
Ibs.  more  than  the  best  week  of  any  mature  cow  in  the  Columbian  Dairy  Test. 
During  that  test  only  eight  times  was  a  record  made  above  3  Ibs.  of  butter  in  a 
day,  and  yet  this  three-year-old  heifer  made  over  3  Ibs.  every  day  during  the 
week  of  her  test. 

Mutual  Friend  2d's  Wayne,  H.  F.  H.  B.  No.  18456,  Advanced  Registry  No. 
1080,  a  daughter  of  Mutual  Friend  2d,  by  Aaggie  Prince  of  Wayne,  H.  F.  H.  B. 
8781,  is  a  very  stylish  cow,  combining  the  blood  of  several  of  the  best  and  most 
noted  families  of  the  breed. 

Her  record  as  a  two-year-old  is  48  Ibs.  of  milk  in  a  day,  11,664  Ibs.  6  oz.  in 


194 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


a  year.  At  five  years  she  gave  78  Ibs.  5  oz.  of  milk  in  a  day,  2,137  Ibs.  in  thirty 
days  and  was  "officially"  tested  for  butter  by  the  Dairy  Department  of  Cornell 
Experiment  Station,  making  a  record  of  22  Ibs.  5.7G  oz.  of  butter  in  one  week. 

It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  these  "officially  authenticated"  butter  tests 
are  as  reliable  and  accurate  as  any  trotting  record  made  upon  a  public  track, 
and  are  made  entirely  under  the  personal  supervision  of  a  representative  of 
the  Cornell  University  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  who  spends  the  entire 
week  making  the  tests  at  the  home  of  the  cows. 

'  These  are  all  of  the  family  which  have  yet  come  in  milk. 


PIETERTJE  2D'S  KONINGIN,  No.  10625  H.  F.  H.  B. 
When  nine  months  old. 


PAULINE  PAUL  FAMILY. 

This  is  a  family,  few  in  numbers,  which  has  come  into  prominence  during 
the  past  six  years  through  the  performance  of  that  grand  old  cow,  Pauline 
Paul,  H.  H.  B.  2199,  Advanced  Registy  No.  852.  She  had  never  been  specially 
tested  for  milk  or  butter  till  she  was  eight  years  old,  when  the  Messrs.  Dutcher 
made  a  test  which  is  the  largest  butter  record  ever  reported  of  any  cow  of  any 
breed  for  a  full  year.  This  record  was  31  Ibs.  If  oz.  of  butter  in  a  week,  128  Ibs. 
13ioz.  in  a  month,  1,153  Ibs.  15|  oz.  in  a  year,  thoroughly  worked  and  salted  one 
ounce  to  the  pound  before  weighing.  It  was  made  by  churning  the  whole  milk 
of  each  day,  and  in  as  public  a  manner  as  it  is  possible  to  make  an  unofficial  or 
private  record. 

An  urgent  invitation  was  given  to  all  persons  to  come  and  witness  the  test 
at  any  time  during  the  year,  and  remain  as  long  as  they  desired.  Her  milk 
record  during  this  year  was  70  Ibs.  in  a  day,  18,699  Ibs.  9  oz.  in  a  year,  the  aver- 
age for  the  year  being  16£  Ibs.  of  milk  to  1  of  butter. 

Previous  to  the  making  of  this  record  her  bull  calves  had  been  killed,  and 
she  had  one  heifer  calf,  Zozo,  H.  H.  B.  10260,  Advanced  Registry  No.  996,  of 


THE  PAULINE  PAUL  FAMILY.  195 


which,  in  her  five -year- old  form,  the  Messrs.  Dutcher  reported  a  record  of  25  Ibs. 
10|  oz.  of  butter  in  a  week,  104f  Ibs.  in  thirty  days,  and  at  eight  years  of  age  a 
milk  record  of  83^  Ibs.  in  a  day,  7,025£  Ibs.  in  three  months  and  fourteen  days. 

Zozo  Princess  2d,  H.  H.  B.  15138,  is  a  granddaughter  of  Pauline  Paul,  and 
has  a  record,  as  a  two-year-old,  of  16|  Ibs.  of  butter  in  a  week. 

Her  son,  Paul  De  Kol,  H.  F.  H.  B.  14634,  Advanced  Registry  No.  97,  was 
purchased  by  Messrs.  T.  G.  Yeomans  &  Sons  when  a  few  weeks  old,  and  has 
been  at  the  head  of  their  herd  for  the  past  few  years. 

The  following  of  his  daughters  have  "  officially  authenticated  "  butter  rec- 
ords made  under  the  prize  offerings  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  : 

De  Kol  2d's  Pauline,  H.  F.  H.  B.  30712,  made  a  record,  as  a  two-year-old,  of 
12  Ibs.  3|  oz.  of  butter  in  a  week,  and  was  awarded  the  fourteenth  prize  over 
eight  mature  cows  competing.  Her  average  per  cent  of  butter  fat  for  the  week 
was  3.92  per  cent. 

Pauline  Paul  Georgie,  H.  F.  H.  B.  28394,  Advanced  Registry  No.  1120,  at 
three  years,  14  Ibs.  4£  oz.  in  a  week. 

Pauline  Paul  Grant,  two  years,  H.  F.  H.  B.  35053,  13  Ibs.  If  oz.  in  a  week, 
upon  which  record  she  was  awarded  the  eighth  butter  prize  of  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  Association,  in  a  list  of  sixty  of  all  ages  competing. 

Sadie  Pauline  Paul,  H.  F.  H.  B.  35054,  two  years,  11  Ibs.  llf  oz.  in  a  week, 
and  stood  twentieth  on  the  list  of  sixty  competing,  of  all  ages. 

Aaggie  3d's  Wayne  De  Kol,  H.  F.  H.  B.  37098,  two  years,  121  Ibs.  12$  oz.  in 
a  week,  and  stood  tenth  on  the  list  of  sixty. 

Princess  Aaggie's  Pauline  De  Kol,  H.  F.  H.  B.  35056,  two  years,  9  Ibs.  13| 
oz.  in  a  week. 

Prairie  Flower's  Pauline  Paul,  H.  F.  H.  B.  32257,  Advanced  Registry  No. 
1122,  two  years,  lOf  Ibs.  in  a  week  (not  official). 

Princess  of  Wayne  Jth's  Pauline,  H.  F.  H.  B.  35055,  two  years  (a  grand- 
daughter), 11  Ibs.  5f  oz.  in  a  week. 

'The  six  two-year-olds  and  one-three-year  old,  which  have  made  "officially 
authenticated''  records,  average  12  Ibs.  2.9  oz.  of  butter  in  a  week. 

HARTOG  AND  TWISK  FAMILIES. 

Several  families  originated  with  the  Unadilla  Valley  breeders  in  the  seven- 
ties. The  most  popular  of  these  are  the  Hartogs  and  Twisks.  The  former 
sprang  from  the  cow  Jacoba  Hartog  2  D.-F.  H.  B.  She  was  a  gift  to  her 
importer  from  Burgomaster  Jacob  Hartog,  of  Beemster  district,  North  Holland. 
She  was  an  ideal  milch  cow  in  form  and  appearance.  Probably  in  the  history 
of  the  breed  no  more  successful  prize  winner  can  be  found.  At  two  years  old 
she  won  the  sweepstakes  prize  for  the  best  milch  cow  of  any  age,  grade  or  breed, 
offered  by  New  York  State  Agricultural  Society.  The  competition  was  very 
large,  comprising  Ayrshires,  Jerseys,  Devons,  Shorthorns  and  Holsteins.  She 
won  the  same  prize  the  next  year,  and  the  second  year  following.  This  career 
thus  remarkably  begun  continued  up  to  the  year  of  her  death.  Among  her 
offspring  Jacoba  Hartog  3d  has  a  record  of  42i  Ibs.  of  butter  in  fourteen  days. 
This  was  made  by  the  old,  wasteful  ways  of  skimming  and  churning.  From 
this  cow  the  bull  Hamilton,  for  years  the  pride  of  the  Chenango  Valley  breed- 
ers, was  bred.  This  family  is  more  generally  distributed  in  New  York,  north 
of  the  Mohawk  river. 

The  Twisks  originated  with  Maid  of  Twisk,  1  D.-F.  H.  B.  She  was  a  prize 
winner  at  the  International  Exhibition  held  at  The  Hague,  Netherlands,  in 
1872.  Her  efficiency  in  helping  to  build  up  the  early  reputation  of  the  breed  in 
America  is  universally  recognized.  At  a  period  when  5,000  Ibs.  milk  in  a  year 
was  considered  a  remarkable  yield,  she  produced  nearly  16,000.  And  what  is 
especially  remarkable  is  that  this  period  included  the  drying  up  of  her  milk, 
and  a  period  of  rest  and  freshening,  and  the  producing  of  two  strong,  healthy 
calves,  carried  their  full  time.  One  of  these  calves  was  dropped  April  3,  1878, 
and  the  other  February  23,  1879.  There  could  be  no  greater  evidence  of  consti- 
tutional vigor.  Her  fine  proportions  are  shown  by  her  measurements,  as  follows: 
Height  shoulders,  51J  inches:  hips,  544- ;  width  hips,  23|;  length  body,  64£;  girth, 
80.  She  strongly  impressed  her  descendants.  They  are  found  largely  as  grades 
in  central  New  York. 


CHAPTER  XXIII. 

THE  CARE  OF  THE  COW  AT  CALVING. 

No  words  are  needed  to  emphasize  the  importance  of  this  subject  to  the 
practical  breeder  and  dairyman.  A  very  brief  and  limited  experience  is  enough 
to  convince  any  observing  man  that  unless  the  cow  does  well  at  this  critical 
period  her  usefulness  for  a  long  time  will  be  greatly  impaired,  if  her  life  is  not 
actually  lost.  Milk  fever,  caked  udder,  garget  and  retention  of  the  placenta 
are  all  diseases  characteristic  of  this  period,  and  all  much  better  subjects  of 
prevention  than  treatment.  It  is  a  very  unfortunate  fact  also  that  as  to  some 
of  these  diseases  the  best  cows  are  most  subject  to  attack.  Even  the  rugged 
constitution  of  our  Holsteins  does  not  always  exempt  them. 

Amongst  its  clientage  the  Holstein-Friesian  Register  numbers  many  of  the 
most  skillful  and  successful  breeders  of  the  world.  At  considerable  trouble  it 
has  secured  from  some  of  these  experienced  men  a  statement  of  their  methods 
of  procedure  at  this  decisive  time  in  the  cow's  life,  which  we  reproduce  here. 

F.  Roe,  Sunnybrook  Stock  Farm,  Augusta,  N.  J.: 

"Two  months  before  time  to  calve,  one-half  the  usual  grain  ration  is  taken 
off,  and  the  cow  milked  once  daily  for  three  days ;  then  she  is  allowed  to  go 
thirty-six  hours  between  milkings,  then  forty-eight,  continuing  in  this  way 
twelve  hours  longer  each  time  until  she  is  entirely  dry.  If  she  is  a  very  persist- 
ent milker,  I  would  take  all  the  grain  ration  off  until  dry.  Then  commence 
feeding  again,  lightly  at  first,  but  gradually  increasing  to  three-fourths  her 
usual  ration.  One  week  before  time  to  calve  give  one  pound  Epsom  salts  at 
night.  If  they  operate  the  next  morning,  all  right;  if  not,  give  one-half  pound 
more.  The  evening  of  same  day  she  is  taken  from  the  rest  of  the  dairy,  and 
put  in  a  box  stall  well  bedded  with  straw,  and  kept  there  until  calf  arrives.  If 
bowels  are  not  right,  another  pound  of  salts  is  given.  As  soon  as  the  calf  will 
suck,  it  is  moved  from  one  teat  to  another,  so  as  to  draw  an  equal  amount  of 
milk  from  each  quarter.  The  cow  is  not  milked  dry  until  the  end  of  third  day. 
The  feed  after  calving  is  bran;  drink,  water  warmed  to  100  degrees  Fahrenheit, 
one  pailful  (four  gallons)  every  hour  until  she  has  all  she  will  take.  The 
warm  drink  is  kept  up  for  three  days,  then  gradually  cooled  until  by  fifth  day 
she  is  allowed  cold  water,  and,  if  all  right,  is  put  back  with  the  rest  of  the 
dairy.  The  feed  is  gradually  changed  and  increased  for  two  weeks,  when  she 
will  be  on  full  rations  again.  This  winter  the  ration  is  five  pounds  bran,  three 
pounds  dried  brewers'  grains,  two  pounds  Chicago  gluten,  one  pound  old  pro- 
cess linseed  meal,  forty  pounds  corn  ensilage  well  eared,  five  pounds  meadow 
hay.  We  do  not  milk  before  calf  comes,  unless  the  udder  is  very  badly  swollen; 
then  she  is  milked  dry  every  twelve  hours  until  calf  comes.  We  used  to  lose 
cows  with  milk  fever,  but  have  not  had  a  single  case  since  we  commenced  this 
course.  I  think  the  most  important  point  is  to  leave  a  part  of  the  milk  in 
udder,  and  the  warm  drink  and  warm  quarters  so  that  the  cow  never  gets 
chilled,  which  is  very  apt  to  bring  on  the  fever." 

Henry  Stevens  &  Sons,  Brookside  herd,  Lacona,  N.  Y. : 

"We  prefer  to  have  a  cow  dry  at  least  four  weeks.  We  think  nature 
demands  this.  We  always  avoid  feeding  any  corn  meal,  or  carbonaceous  food 
of  any  kind,  for  at  least  two  weeks  before  a  cow  is  due  to  calve.  We  prefer 
wheat  bran,  or  perhaps  wheat  bran  with  one-third  ground  oats,  for  a  grain 
ration,  and  always  carefully  avoid  any  kind  of  food  that  would  be  liable  to  cre- 
ate fever.  A  week  or  ten  days  before  a  cow  is  expected  to  calve  we  provide  her 
with  a  roomy,  clean  and  dry  pen,  well  bedded  with  dry  straw  and  located  in 
the  warmest  part  of  the  stable. 

"If  the  cow  is  six  years  old  or  over  and  is  in  good  condition  (and  we  believe 
it  very  important  she  should  be)  we  give  her  immediately  after  calf  is  born  one 
pound  of  Epsom  salts.  Always  place  a  warm  blanket  on  the  cow,  remove  all 
bedding  that  is  damp  and  replace  with  dry,  then  give  a  pail  of  bran  mash  as 
warm  as  the  cow  will  eat. 

"As  soon  as  the  calf  has  taken  a  little  milk,  which  we  endeavor  to  assist  it 

(197) 


CARE  OF  THE  COW  AT  CALVING.  199 

to  do  as  soon  as  we  can  conveniently,  we  milk  the  dam  and  feel  that  we  have 
done  everything  that  can  be  done  for  her  comfort  and  safety.  If  the  above 
precautions  are  taken,  and  a  cow  has  proper  care,  we  have  but  little  fear  of 
milk  fever.  We  do  not  give  cow  any  cold  water  for  several  days,  and  always 
avoid  any  cold  draft. 

"We  usually  leave  the  cow  blanketed  from  twenty-four  to  forty-eight  hours. 
This  depends  on  the  temperature  of  the  stable." 

William  Rankin,  Brockton,  Mass.: 

"First,  want  my  cows  to  go  dry  from  four  to  six  weeks  before  the  event, 
and  I  am  very  careful  during  that  period  to  keep  them  gaining  in  flesh  and 
other  conditions,  giving  plenty  of  exercise. 

"About  four  days  before  calving  I  put  them  in  a  box  stall,  10x12,  and  feed 
very  lightly,  no  harder  grain  than  coarse  shorts.  I  do  this  to  avoid  milk  fever. 
At  time  of  calving  I  try  to  be  present  to  give  aid  if  necessary.  After  the  calf 
is  born  I  sprinkle  it  over  with  fine  salt.  When  the  calf  gets  upon  its  feet  I 
milk  about  one-half  of  the  milk,  and  give  about  four  quarts  to  the  cow.  I  then 
aid  the  calf  in  sucking,  let  it  get  what  milk  it  wants,  and  after  about  two  hours 
I  milk  out  carefully  all  the  milk  left.  The  calf  is  left  with  the  cow  for  about 
twenty-four  hours.  The  cow  is  then  removed  to  her  stall.  About  three  hours 
after  calving  I  give  the  cow  two  buckets  of  water,  about  80  degrees,  and  then 
feed  her  a  warm  mash  of  scalded  shorts,  and  for  the  first  day  or  two  feed 
lightly  on  hay,  and  no  hard  grain.  Afterward  I  feed  all  the  hay  she  will  eat 
readily,  and  about  six  or  eight  quarts  of  shorts  and  roots  per  day  for  a  week.  I 
increase  gradually  on  grain  till  I  get  to  full  ration.  Warm  the  water  for  the 
first  week." 

Smiths. &  Powell  Co.,  Lakeside  herd,  Syracuse.  N.  Y.: 

"The  treatment  of  cows  in  the  Lakeside  herd,  preparatory  to  and  during 
calving  time,  is  as  follows:  From  six  to  eight  weeks  prior  to  date  of  calving,  if 
grain  is  being  fed  to  any  extent,  it  is  discontinued,  and  an  effort  is  made  to 
have  the  cows  dry  from  four  to  six  weeks.  Cows  usually  do  better  when  they 
have  this  period  of  rest.  The  utmost  care  should  be  used  in  drying  cows  to 
avoid  injury  to  the  udders.  We  consider  it  much  better  to  milk  regularly  until 
time  of  calving,  rather  than  to  force  the  cow  dry.  Keep  the  teats  and  udder 
flexible  and  soft. 

"Clover  hay,  with  ensilage  or  roots,  we  consider  a  desirable  ration  at  this 
period.  See  that  the  bowels  are  kept  open  and  regular. 

"The  cow  should  be  put  in  a  roomy,  comfortable  box  stall  a  few  days  before 
she  is  due,  and  kept  quiet.  About  thirty-six  to  forty-eight  hours  before  the 
cow  is  expected  to  calve,  we  give  one  pound  of  glauber  salts.  If  this  dose  does 
not  move  the  bowels  freely  in  twenty  four  hours,  repeat  the  dose.  Repeat  the 
dose  as  soon  as  the  calf  is  dropped.  This  is  done  to  keep  the  system  cool  and 
guard  against  milk  fever. 

"The  calf  is  removed  from  the  cow  at  about  three  days  of  age,  and  .taught 
to  drink.  The  cow  should  be  fed  moderately,  at  first  on  light  food,  which  can 
be  gradually  increased  in  quantity  and  richness,  as  the  cow  regains  her  normal 
condition." 

Don  J.  Wood,  West  Exeter,  N.  Y.: 

"I  prefer  that  a  cow  should  be  thoroughly  dry  before  beginning  to  spring  bag. 

"Most  of  our  cows  drop  calves  while  on  winter  feed.  They  have  hay  and 
corn  ensilage,  as  much  as  they  will  eat.  If  cows  are  not  in  good  condition  a 
light  grain  ration  is  given  while  they  are  dry,  but  would  not  dare  to  feed 
cornmeal. 

"For  a  few  days  before  we  expect  a  cow  to  calve,  she  is  given  three  or 
four  ears  of  corn  each  day,  or  a  few  potatoes  or  other  roots. 

"Too  much  should  not  be  given,  or  any  great  change  in  rations  be  made  at 
this  time.  The  object  is  to  have  the  cow  healthy  and  thriving,  and  to  avoid  a 
feverish  condition. 

"When  a  calf  is  expected  the  cow  is  put  in  a  well-bedded  box  stall.  I 
always  like  to  be  with  a  cow  at  time  of  calving,  and  help  her  as  much  as  neces- 
sary to  avoid  too  severe  labor.  She  is  then  given  a  pail  of  warm  slop,  made  by 
scalding  four  quarts  of  bran  and  adding  an  ounce  of  saltpetre  and  water  to  cool 
so  the  cow  will  drink  it. 

"If  the  cow  is  very  feverish,  from  six  to  eight  drops  of  extract  of  aconite 
is  added  to  the  slop,  and,  after  she  has  cleaned,  a  pound  or  more  of  salts,  and 


CARE  OF  THE  COW   AT  CALVING.  201 

three  or  four  heaping  tablespoonfuls  of  ground  ginger  mixed  and  dissolved  are 
given.  Especial  care  is  taken  for  a  few  days  not  to  let  the  cow  get  chilled. 

"If  the  udder  is  badly  swollen  I  continue  the  aconite  night  and  morning  for 
a  few  days,  and  apply  hot  water  slightly  salted,  and  afterwards  apply  lard  and 
kerosene  oil  mixed  equal  parts.  If  the  udder  is  very  painful  to  the  touch, 
steep  hops  in  water  and  apply.  Warm  milk  rubbed  on  the  udder  after  each 
milking  is  also  good. 

<%I  have  usually  been  very  successful  with  my  cows  at  this  period,  but  occa- 
sionally one  does  not  clean.  In  that  case  I  try  to  get  the  cow  to  eat  a  good 
grain  ration  at  once,  give  her  a  little  Golden  Seal  in  each  feed,  and  an  ounce  of 
saltpetre  once  a  day  for  a  few  days,  and  in  from  seven  to  nine  days  she  will 
clean,  and  usually  do  well." 

S.  N.  Wright,  Elgin,  111  : 

"In  times  past  the  losing  of  cows  with  what  is  commonly  called  here  milk 
fever  has  been  a  very  serious  matter  with  me,  as  well  as  with  many  other  dairy- 
men in  this  great  dairy  section.  I  often  called  on  the  cow  doctor  to  save  my 
valuable  cows,  but  in  almost  every  case  when  the  cow  was  down  and  too  late. 
I  came  to  the  conclusion  that  I  had  got  to  do  something  before  the  cow  came 
in.  and  I  adopted  this  simple  mode,  and  have  not  lost  a  cow  since.  I  commence 
about  ten  days  or  two  weeks  before  she  is  due  to  drop  her  calf,  and  give  her 
about  four  quarts  of  wheat  bran  in  two  feeds— one  at  night,  and  one  in  the 
morning.  To  this  feed  I  add  at  first  a  large  tablespoonful  of  cream  tartar, 
increasing  this  to  double  the  amount  just  before  she  comes  in.  About  four  or 
five  days  before  she  comes  in  I  add  to  the  above  feed  about  two  pounds  of  good 
linseed  meal  to  each  mess  and  continue  this  for  a  week  or  ten  days  after  she 
has  dropped  her  calf,  or  until  all  danger  has  passed.  If  in  hot  weather,  I  give 
her  to  drink  cold  water,  a  little  at  a  time  and  often.  Use  cow  sense,  and  keep 
her  out  of  the  heat  of  the  sun.  If  in  cool  weather,  I  take  the  chill  off  of  the 
water  she  drinks." 

Aug.  Knorr:  "Whatever  the  season,  I  always  have  the  cow  calve  in  the 
barn,  giving  her  a  comfortable,  airy  box  stall,  well  bedded.  I  stay  by  her  until 
her  labors  are  over  and  calf  delivered,  leaving  nothing  to  chance.*  A  well-kept 
Holstein  cow  is  of  such  rugged  health  that  she  will  rarely  need  assistance. 
When  the  cow  is  in  good  condition  previous  to  calving,  nature  will  do  the  rest. 
If  on  winter  rations,  I  withhold  constipating  food,  and  give  liberally  of  oil 
meal,  bran,  beets,  or  occasionally  a  bite  of  winter  pasture.  The  process  of 
labor  loosens  the  placenta  as  delivery  progresses.  Too  early  or  too  hasty  assist- 
ance at  this  point  removes  the  calf  without  loosening  the  afterbirth  from  its 
attachments,  and  the  next  thing  you  have  on  hand  is  a  case  of  retention  of  the 
afterbirth.  Occasionally  a  young  cow  will  have  difficulty  in  calving.  The 
ounce  of  prevention  in  this  case  consists  in  using  only  young  bulls  on  the  heif- 
ers. As  soon  as  the  calf  is  born  I  give  the  cow  two  pailfuls  of  thin  bran  and 
oil  meal  gruel.  Then  she  is  left  alone,  giving  her  absolute  quiet  and  rest.  Dur- 
ing this  she  will  pass  the  afterbirth,  which  is  promptly  removed.  Then  I  look 
after  the  udder.  When  feverish  or  congested,  starvation  rations  are  indicated, 
a  wisp  of  hay  and  a  couple  of  beets,  if  necessary,  for  days.  Put  back  on  regu- 
lar rations  very  carefully.  After  twenty-four  hcurs  the  calf  is  taken  frcm  the 
dam." 

H.  F.  W.  Breuer,  Charleston,  S.  C.: 

"When  my  cows  pass  the  fourth  month  of  pregnancy  I  feed  them  very  lib- 
erally of  concentrated  food,  ground  oats,  wheat  bran  and  corn  meal.  To  a  cow 
weighing  1,200  pounds  I  generally  give  eight  pounds  of  oats,  eight  pounds 
wheat  bran,  and  four  pounds  of  cornmeal  daily,  divided  into  two  feeds,  and 
what  hay  or  grass  they  will  eat;  a  smaller  cow  a  little  less,  a  larger  one  a  frac- 
tion more. 

"Next  I  dry  them  off  if  possible  sixty  days  before  calving.  About  ten  days 
before  calving  I  take  them  off  pasture,  and  put  them  in  a  lot  where  grass  is 
thin  and  poor;  also,  take  the  corn  meal  out  of  their  grain  ration.  Three  or 
four  days  prior  to  calving,  as  near  as  I  am  able  to  judge,  if  the  cow  is  matured 
and  not  over  ten  years  old,  I  administer  two  pounds  of  Epsom  salts  and  one 
quart  of  common  molasses  at  one  dose;  if  cow  is  over  ten  years  old,  one  pound 
of  salts  and  a  quart  of  molasses. 

"With  this  treatment,  which  I  have  pursued  for  a  number  of  years,  I  have 
had  little  or  no  trouble  from  milk  fever  or  retention  of  placenta.  The  advan- 
14 


CARE  OF  THE  COW  AT  CALVING.  203 

tage  in  this  treatment  is  in  having  your  cows  in  the  best  fix  possible  for  giving 
largest  result  at  the  pail.  Should,  however,  milk  fever  make  its  appearance 
(which  is  very  seldom  the  case),  then  I  apply  the  lancet,  and  take  blood  away 
according  to  age  and  size — say  a  cow  weighing  1,200  to  1,400  pounds,  six  years 
old,  not  less  than  from  six  to  seven  quarts;  and  smaller  or  older  cows  in  propor- 
tion. Of  course,  if  above  has  to  be  resorted  to,  she  will  not  do  as  well  in  quan- 
tity or  quality  of  milk  for  that  season  as  though  depleting  had  not  been 
necessary." 

A.  C.  Hallman  writes  as  follows:  "It  is  of  first  importance  to  have  the 
animal  in  a  strong,  healthy  condition.  When  the  system  is  in  good  tone  and 
health  there  is  very  little  danger.  Nature  is  so  wonderfully  perfect  that  if  we 
only  study  her  conditions  there  is  little  fear  of  trouble.  With  heavy  milkers 
much  stimulating  food  must  be  avoided,  and  laxative  food  should  be  provided. 
The  bowels  must  be  kept  open.  In  winter  a  few  roots  and  corn  ensilage  are 
very  useful,  if  given  in  such  quantities  as  not  to  cause  a  rush  of  milk,  only 
enough  to  keep  up  thrift.  Precaution  must  be  taken  a  fortnight  before  calving 
and  as  long  after.  Before  calving  the  danger  is  of  inflamed  udder,  after  calv- 
ing garget,  milk  fever  and  other  troubles  of  a  similar  nature.  I  find  a  little  oil 
cake  meal  given  daily  a  month  previous  is  most  valuable  to  throw  all  impuri- 
ties out  of  the  blood  and  remove  danger  of  retention  of  afterbirth.  Prevention 
is  always  the  best  cure.  A  roomy  box  stall  should  always  be  provided,  well 
littered.  The  cow  should  be  placed  there  a  week  before  calving.  Tie  up  before 
calving  to  prevent  laying  against  partitions.  Assistance  can  also  be  rendered 
more  readily  when  necessary  if  the  cow  is  tied. 

"It  is  best  to  remove  the  calf  soon,  before  the  cow  and  calf  get  attached.  I 
find  it  best  not  to  remove  the  milk  all  at  once.  It  seems  to  chill  the  system, 
and  increases  the  danger  of  milk  fever.  A  few  pounds  of  Epsom  salts  lessens 
that  danger.  Light  feeding  is  required  for  at  least  a  \veek,  and  in  many  cases 
more.  With  inflamed  udder  I  have  found  hot  water  fomentations  very  bene- 
ficial; afterwards  a  free  application  of  soap,  then  rubbed  into  a  thick  lather. 
This  has  given  me  very  good  results.  Prevent  extreme  exposures,  either  hot  or 
cold.  Never  allow  a  draft,  nor  too  close  confinement." 

Our  readers  will  notice  that  on  most  of  the  points  touched  upon  in  the 
above  communications  breeders  are  in  close  agreement;  while  details  of  prac- 
tice differ,  the  principles  are  the  same.  The  salient  points  may  be  summed  up 
as  follows: 

1.  Preferably,  let  the  cow  go  dry  from  four  to  eight  weeks  before  calving, 
but  do  not  force  her  dry.    If  she  begins  to  spring  before  completely  dry,  con- 
tinue milking  regularly.     The  best  methods  of  drying  off  are  well  stated  by  Mr. 
Roe,  and  there  are  but  few  cows  that  cannot  be  safely  dried  in  this  way. 

2.  Have  the  cow  in  thrifty,  vigorous  condition,  but  not  fat.     Feed  no 
cornmeal,  or  stimulating,  heating  grain  ration  for  some  weeks  prior  to  calving. 
Bran  is  the  best  grain  for  this  period,  with  possibly  an  addition  of  ground  oats 
or  oil  meal  if  the  cow  is  run  down. 

3.  See  that  bowels  are  loose.     A  good  many  give,  in 'every  case,  a  dose  of 
salts  a  few  days  before  or  just  after  calving.    Some  give  a  dose  at  both  times. 

4.  Provide  a  warm,  dry,  roomy  box  stall,  with  plenty  of  dry  bedding,  to 
which  the  cow  should  be  removed  long  enough  before  she  calves  so  that  she 
may  become  wonted  to  her  new  surroundings. 

5.  Keep  from  drafts  of  cold  air,  and  from  becoming  chilled  in  any  way, 
especially  just  at  the  time  of  and  after  calving.     One  most  successful  breeder 
deems  this  so  important  that  he  blankets  the  cow  immediately  after  calving. 

6.  Shortly  after  calving  give  a  bran  mash  or  pail  of  warm  slops.     Give  no 
cold  water  for  at  least  two  days,  and  then  only  a  little  at  a  time  at  first. 

7.  Let  the  cow  be  kept  in  the  barn,  at  least  nights,  whatever  the  season  or 
the  weather,  when  she  is  liable  to  calve.     During  the  day,  in  the  summer  sea- 
son, there  is  no  objection  to  her  running  in  a  pasture  where  she  can  be  occa- 
sionally observed. 


CHAPTER  XXIV. 

THE  REARING  OF  CALVES  FOR  THE  DAIRY. 

The  general  principles  applicable  to  the  raising  of  dairy  calves  have  been 
well  stated  by  Prof.  I.  P.  Roberts  of  the  Cornell  Station  as  follows: 

Having  good  inherited  qualities,  the  next  step  is  to  see  to  the  rearing  of  the 
calf.  The  calf  should  be  well  sustained  and  should  make  rapid  growth,  but 
this  should  not  tend  to  fat,  but  the  development  of  those  qualities  which  are  to 
make  the  value  of  the  cow  that  is  to  be. 

Warm  skim  milk  in  moderate  quantities,  after  the  calf  is  about  two  weeks 
old,  bright  clover  hay  and  unground  oats,  should  form  the  foundation  of  the 
calf's  ration.  In  cold  weather  some  oil  meal,  old  process,  or  whole  corn,  or  both, 
should  be  added,  in  order  to  furnish  sufficient  heat  producers. 

From  the  moment  the  calf  is  born  it  should  be  watched  and  trained  for 
the  dairy  as  carefully  and  scientifically  as  the  little  foal  that  is  dropped  in  the 
trotting  stable  is  trained  for  the  track.  It  has  been  discovered  that  in  order  to 
get  the  best  results,  trotting  colts  should  be  fed  and  developed  towards  the  uses 
to  which  they  are  to  be  put  when  mature.  They  are  not  only  fed  with  a  view 
to  the  track,  but  they  are  also  exercised  with  a  view  to  speed.  Should  the  trotting 
colt  be  fed  like  the  draught  colt,  then  we  might  expect  marked  variation  to 
appear  before  maturity,  and  this  a  marked  variation  for  the  worse ;  and  if  a 
trotter  were  desired,  this  would  be  a  very  foolish  and  very  unscientific  method 
of  treating  a  trotting  colt.  I  use  the  trotting  colt  as  an  illustration,  because  of 
its  scientific  treatment  and  breeding,  which  are  showing  such  marked  results 
in  colts  which  have  been  properly  bred,  fed,  and  exercised. 

If  the  dairyman  were  to  use  a  tithe  of  the  skill  in  rearing  the  dairy  calf 
that  the  horseman  does  in  rearing  the  trotting  colts,  we  long  since  would  have 
doubled  the  average  product  per  cow  of  our  dairies.  Taking  the  dairy  calf  at 
birth,  we  find  that  it  is  unable  to  digest  or  assimilate  coarse  or  innutritions 
food.  Its  delicate  digestive  apparatus  can  only  take  care  of  those  forms  of  food 
which  are  easily  broken  down  and  assimilated,  such  as  new  milk  ;  but  if  the 
calf  is  fed  with  new  and  rich  milk,  it  inclines  to  put  on  fat,  and  this  is  just 
what  the  dairyman  does  not  want.  He  should  teach  his  animal  to  put  fat  in 
the  pail  and  not  on  the  ribs  ;  and  so  the  utmost  care  must  be  taken  in  balancing 
the  quality  and  quantity  of  the  food,  that  it  may  produce  vigorous,  healthy 
growth,  and  extend  to  some  extent  the  abdomen,  without  inducing  the  animal 
to  store  up  tallow.  Great  care  should  be  taken  not  to  have  the  food  so  concen- 
trated as  to  dwarf  the  viscera  and  contract  the  stomach,  neither  should  the 
food  be  so  innutritious  as  to  distend  the  stomach  to  such  an  extent  as  to  injure 
the  power  of  digestion  and  assimilation.  We  find  calves  can  be  reared  on  whey 
or  watered  buttermilk,  but  the  results  are  not  satisfactory,  because  the  calf 
must  take  into  its  stomach  so  great  a  bulk  that  it  cannot  take  care  of  it,  and 
hence  bloating,  colic,  and  indigestion  are  sure  to  follow.  The  dairy  calves 
never  should  be  fed  largely  on  concentrated  food,  such  as  corn  meal,  cotton  seed 
meal,  etc.  If  they  lay  on  some  flesh,  and  even  some  fat,  while  on  pasture,  no 
evil  results  follow  ;  but  flesh  and  fat  laid  on  by  the  feeding  of  concentrated 
and  heat  producing  foods  are  sure  to  affect  the  usefulness  of  the  future  cow. 

S.  L.  Hoxie,  Leonardsville,  N.  Y.: 

"No  treatment  will  perfect  what  is  born  imperfect.  Therefore  my  calves 
are  raised  from  the  breeds  that  produce  the  fewest  poor  milkers.  Milk  is  the 
most  perfect  food.  I  cannot  afford  to  feed  new  milk  over  two  weeks.  I  feed 
skim  milk  about  two  weeks  longer.  I  especially  see  that  my  calves  are  pro- 
vided with  good  water  from  the  first.  Food  should  be  given  with  regularity 
both  as  to  time  and  quantity.  Every  individual  calf  should  be  watched  closely 
with  reference  to  the  condition  of  its  appetite  and  digestion.  I  know  of  no 
food  that  is  good  for  dairy  cows  that  is  not  good  for  calves,  if  properly  prepared 
and  fed.  Calves  should  never  be  exposed  to  cold  storms,  or  left  unsheltered 
during  cold  nights.  I  do  not  favor  turning  them  to  pasture,  but  rather  keeping 
them  in  clean  stables.  After  they  get  used  to  eating  wheat  shorts  they  can  be 

(205) 


REARING  OF  CALVES  FOR  THE   DAIRY.  207 

safely  given  all  they  will  eat.  They  should  always  have  all  the  good  sweet 
mixed  meadow  hay  that  they  relish.  They  should  not  be  fattened,  but  kept 
in  a  thriving  condition.  Bulky  food  should  be  given  that  their  stomachs  may  be 
developed.  You  cannot  get  the  stomach  too  large  for  a  dairy  cow ;  provid- 
ing the  animal  is  kept  thrifty.  If  calves  are  dropped  at  other  seasons,  care 
should  be  exercised  that  growth  is  not  checked  during  the  following  winter. 
I  have  my  heifers  take  their  places  in  the  dairy  at  about  two  years  of  age. 
After  a  heifer  is  bred  for  her  first  calf,  she  should  be  fed  liberally  with  view  of 
developing  her  milk  glands.  I  prefer  not  to  have  my  heifers  drop  their  first 
calf  in  winter,  they  develop  their  udders  more  perfectly  on  grass.  Heifers 
require  plenty  of  succulent  food  for  udder-development.  The  character  of  the 
dairy  cow  is  largely  made  during  the  first  period  of  gestation." 

Mills  Tourtellotte,  La  Crosse,  Wis.: 

"  We  have  had  good  success  with  our  calves  for  a  few  years  and  a  compli- 
ance with  your  request  on  this  subject  may  interest  others  situated  as  we  were 
once,  in  trying  to  raise  a  calf  as  it  should  be  and  at  the  same  time  preserve 
the  mother's  milk  for  the  dairy.  If  the  dairyman  could  always  depend  on 
keeping  up  his  herd  to  a  desired  standard  of  production  by  purchase,  a  large 
expense  to  him  would  be  saved.  But  it  is  pretty  generally  conceded  now  that 
to  have  a  profitable  herd  of  milch  cows  they  must  be  raised  by  the  owner  from 
calves  of  his  own  breeding.  No  man  can  buy  any  considerable  number  of  well 
bred  cows  of  approved  capacity  for  quantity  and  quality  of  milk  without  pay- 
ing more  than  can  be  invested  profitably  in  the  dairy  business.  This  makes  the 
subject  of  this  article  important  as  the  foundation  of  a  successful  business. 
It  is  a  very  easy  matter,  if  no  regard  is  paid  to  cost,  to  rear  calves  from  dairy 
ancestry  so  as  to  produce  rapid  growth  and  development ;  but  how  to  do  this 
cheaply  has  caused  many  a  man  an  investment  of  a  good  many  dollars,  and  in 
the  last  twenty-five  years  we  have  had  our  share  of  such  experience.  If  what 
the  farmer  has  to  sell  is  cheap  in  the  market  he  must  produce  a  good  article  at 
a  figure  that  will  insure  a  profit  or  he  must  fail  in  his  enterprise. 

"  Here  in  Wisconsin  for  several  years  it  has  not  been  profitable  for  dairymen 
to  pay  much  attention  to  the  production  of  beef.  We  therefore  have  not  raised 
any  of  the  male  calves,  except  from  the  best  thoroughbred  cows.  The  female 
calves  that  come  healthy  and  strong  are  matured  to  take  the  place  of  the  old 
cows  that  must  be  culled  out  of  every  herd  to  maintain  any  given  standard  of 
production.  It  will  not  do  to  have  calves  too  fat.  If  the  heifer  calf  is  fat  she 
will  not  make  a  good  dairy  cow  as  a  rule.  The  milk  and  digestive  organs  must 
be  cultivated  and  given  every  chance  to  develop.  The  only  safe  way  to  do  this 
is  to  keep  a  calf  in  a  good  healthy  growing  condition.  Let  her  hair  have  a 
healthy  look,  skin  loose  and  eyes  bright. 

"  The  calf  is  taken  from  the  cow  after  the  second  day  and  taught  to  drink  ; 
for  a  week  a  little  whole  milk  is  mixed  with  skim  milk,  fresh  and  warm  from 
the  separator,  and  a  very  little  (about  a  tablespoon ful)  of  oil  meal  jelly  (boiled 
oil  meal)  is  stirred  in  and  fed  to  the  calf  twice  a  day.  From  the  start  the  calf 
is  put  in  a  light,  warm,  well  ventilated  and  dry  pen.  Usually  two  or  three 
calves  about  the  same  age  and  size  are  put  together.  We  place  before  them  a 
little  bran  and  whole  oats,  and  some  very  nice  clover  or  millet  hay  is  always  in 
the  rack.  The  calves  will  very  soon  eat  freely  of  this  grain  and  hay.  It  is 
always  well  to  keep  in  a  trough  some  good  clean  water.  They  will  not  drink 
much  at  a  time  but  will  take  a  little  very  often.  To  calves  that  are  intended 
for  the  butcher  we  give  a  little  more  whole  milk  than  is  given  to  the  others  and 
continue  to  give  them  such  until  they  are  about  six  weeks  old  when  they  are 
ready  for  market.  Always  increase  the  amount  of  oil  meal  jelly  according  to 
the  capacity  of  the  calf,  paying  attention  to  the  condition  of  the  bowels.  If 
the  bowels  get  too  loose  stop  the  oil  meal  for  a  few  rations,  but  if  care  is  used 
the  oil  meal  jelly  will  not  cause  any  trouble.  Always  when  we  used  unboiled 
oil  meat  our  calves  had  bowel  trouble  and  did  not  do  well.  When  the  calves  we 
intend  to  keep  and  mature  into  dairy  cows  are  about  eight  weeks  old  we  put 
them  into  stanchions  and  feed  them  as  before,  only  increasing  the  amount  of 
grain  and  hay  to  what  they  will  eat  up  clean  twice  a  day. 

"  Our  calves  commence  coming  about  the  first  of  September  and  we  find  it 
to  be  our  experience  that  the  late  fall  and  winter  calves  are  reared  the  easiest 
and  develop  the  fastest.  In  the  spring  they  are  ready  to  be  turned  out  to 
grass  and  with  a  little  grain  they  will  continue  to  make  rapid  growth,  and  when 
two  years  old  each  one  ought  to  have  a  calf  and  commence  paying  her  own 


208 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


way.  Those  calves  that  come  in  the  spring  and  summer  we  treat  in  the  same 
way.  We  do  not  let  them  out  to  grass.  The  flies  and  the  hot  weather  are  a 
material  damage  to  them,  They  are  allowed  to  run  each  day  in  an  open  yard 
for  exercise  but  go  freely  to  their  pens  in  a  basement  stable,  well  lighted  and 
ventilated  and  dry." 

S.  A.  Langdon,  Morrison,  111.: 

"In  regard  to  the  matter  of  rearing  calves,  I  have  practiced  the  following 
for  a  number  of  years  with  the  most  satisfactory  results  in  every  case  :  I  let 
the  calf  draw  all  the  milk  it  wants  from  the  dam  until  it  is  one  week  old.  That 
gives  the  calf  a  good  start  and  I  think  it  is  better  for  the  cow.  I  then  feed  it 
the  dam's  milk  until  the  calf  is  four  weeks  old,  then  gradually  get  it  on  to  skim 
milk  by  mixing  it  with  the  new  milk.  It  can  be  done  in  three  or  four  days 
without  any  bad  effect  on  the  calf.  I  have  a  calf  barn  with  a  row  of  stalls  on 
each  side,  and  a  feed  alley  through  the  center.  The  calves  stand  head  to  the 
alley.  The  stalls  are  double,  five  feet  wide  for  two  calves,  a  hay  manger  and 
feed  box  for  each  calf.  The  calves  are  tied  with  small  chains  around  the  neck. 
As  soon  as  they  will  eat  I  give  them  hay  and  a  handful  of  oats  and  a  little  oil 
meal.  I  like  to  have  them  learn  to  eat  before  they  are  put  on  to  skim  milk,  as 
the  oil  meal  makes  up  in  part  for  the  fat  taken  from  the  milk.  I  feed  one  gal- 
lon of  milk  to  a  feed  night  and  morning.  Feed  the  oats  and  meal  immediately 
after  the  milk,  as  it  stops  the  tendency  to  suck  their  stall  mates'  ears.  I  never 
increase  the  quantity  of  milk,  give  more  oats  and  meal  as  they  need  it  and  all 
the  good  hay  they  will  eat.  I  like  whole  oats  better  than  ground1.  They  eat 
them  slower  and  are  not  as  apt  to  clog.  I  feed  the  milk  as  long  as  I  have  it, 
have  fed  it  to  calves  until  twelve  months  old  with  the  best  results.  The  milk 
should  always  be  warmed  to  blood  heat.  As  soon  as  the  calves  are  old  enough 
to  want  water  they  are  turned  into  the  yard  days  where  they  can  get  all  that 


NETHERLAND  HENGERVELD,  13106  H.  F.  H.  B. 

Was  officially  tested  one  week  for  butter  in  1896,  and  entered  in  competition  for  the  $1,250  offered 
in  prizes  for  officially  authenticated  records  by  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  America, 
and  was  awarded  second  prize  upon  a  record  of  21.33  Ibs.  butter  fat,  equivalent  to  26.66  Ibs. 


commercial  butter. 


REARING  OF   CALVES  FOR  THE  DAIRY.  209 

they  want.  I  never  allow  spring  calves  toeat  any  fresh  grass  until  the  second 
season.  I  am  not  troubled  with  calves  scouring,  and  they  are  always  ready  for 
their  feed." 

Frank  Roe,  Augusta,  N.  J.: 

"  The  calves  are  generally  left  with  their  dams  until  three  or  four  days  old, 
then  put  in  box  stalls  alone  and  taught  to  drink,  which  they  will  usually  do  the 
second  feeding.  They  are  fed  morning  and  evening  from  three  to  four  quarts 
of  milk  from  the  cow  as  soon  after  milking  as  possible,  the  quantity  depending 
on  size  and  appetite  of  the  calf,  but  never  give  quite  all  the  calf  will  take 
as  we  think  it  best  to  keep  them  a  little  hungry.  Alter  the  first  week  hay  and 
feed  are  put  where  the  calf  may  easily  reach  them. 

'*  The  feed  is  two  parts  bran  or  middlings  with  one  part  oil  meal.  It  is 
always  fed  dry  as  it  is  not  so  liable  to  scour  the  calf  as  when  fed  in  the  drink. 
Will  commence  with  one  teaspoonful  each  feed,  increase  to  one-half  pint  each 
feed  by  the  time  the  calf  is  four  weeks  old.  If  the  feed  should  scour  the  calf, 
reduce  the  quantity.  If  it  does  not  get  better  give  one-half  teaspoonful  of  tan- 
nic  acid  dissolved  with  boiling  water,  with  one  teaspoonful  laudanum  twice  daily 
until  cure  is  effected,  which  will  usually  be  after  two  doses.  This  care  is  con- 
tinued until  about  three  months  old,  gradually  increasing  the  feed  to  one  quart 
daily  at  this  age — when  the  milk  is  gradually  taken  off  and  water  substituted, 
until  about  four  months  old,  when  it  will  do  very  well  without  the  milk  ration. 
At  all  times  the  stall  is  kept  dry  and  with  plenty  of  bedding,  for  nothing  will 
bring  on  scours  sooner  than  for  a  calf  to  lie  down  in  a  filthy  stall. 

'•This  is  our  method,  as  we  sell  milk  and  have  no  skim  milk.  If  we  had 
the  skim  milk  we  would  gradually  substitute  it  for  the  whole  milk  after  the 
calf  was  three  weeks  old,  always  warming  it  to  about  100  F." 

J.  R.  Beuchler,  Leesburg,  Va.: 

"  First,  we  try  to  get  good  healthy  calves,  then  let  them  to  the  cow  three 
times  a  day,  for,  say,  fifteen  days.  They  are  then  taken  off  from  the  cows  and 
given  skim  milk  with  a  little  new  milk  three  times  a  day  for  the  next  fifteen 
days,  and  after  this  skim  milk  alone  with  a  little  oil  meal  in  it,  at  the  same 
time  give  what  hay  and  ensilage  they  will  clean  up  over  night.  After  they 
are  one  month  old  we  give  in  the  ensilage  or  cut  feed  a  little  mill  feed  of  any 
kind  we  are  feeding  to  the  cows.  In  this  way  we  raise  good,  healthy,  robust 
calves.  Find  best  results  by  keeping  them  in  the  stable  all  the  first  summer. 

"  For  scours  in  calves  a  never  failing  remedy  is  :  1  oz.  of  laudanum  ;  1  oz. 
of  cannella  bark  (powdered);  4  oz.  of  chalk;  4  oz.  rain  water. 

"  Shake  well  and  give  three  or  four  tablespoonfuls  three  or  four  times  a 
day.  Attention  for  one  day  will  generally  cure.  In  very  violent  cases  give  1 
to  2  oz.  castor  oil  and  one  teaspoonful  turpentine  first.  Have  used  the  above 
over  twenty  years  and  never  had  it  fail." 

Hoard's  Dairyman  gives  the  folio  wing  instructions  for  feeding  young  calves: 

"  We  always  prefer  the  ground  flaxseed  meal  to  the  oil  cake  for  calf  feed- 
ing. The  object  is  to  replace  the  lost  butter  fat  with  another  fat.  That  in 
flaxseed  seems  to  be  the  best  substitute. 

"  We  commence  with  a  young  calf,  say  a  week  old,  by  feeding  not  to  exceed 
a  tablespoonful  a  day.  This  is  taken  and  scalded  with  boiling  water,  and  when 
ready  divided  into  the  several  feeds  of  the  day.  As  the  calf  grows,  we  grad- 
ually increase  the  amount  to  six  or  eight  tablespoonfuls  a  day  when  the  calf 
is  four  to  six  months  of  age.  It  must  be  remembered  that  the  calf  is  a  baby 
bovine.  His  stomach  for  the  first  four  weeks  will  receive  solids  only  in  the 
right  form,  and  then  only  in  a  limited  quantity.  From  four  to  six  weeks  of 
age  he  takes  on  the  ruminating  stomach — commences  to  chew  the  cud — and 
when  that  occurs,  it  is  safer  to  feed  more  of  the  solids.  Take  special  care  not 
to  overfeed  the  first  four  weeks." 

J.  L.  Stone,  Secretary  Lackawanna  Breeders'  Association,  Waverly,  Pa.: 
"  I  have  found  it  a  very  simple  and  easy  matter  to  raise  good  calves  when 
there  was  a  supply  of  skim  milk  available,  but  thousands  of  farmers  ship  their 
milk  to  city  markets  and  have  no  skim  milk  to  feed.  Very  few  of  these 
attempt  to  raise  any  calves  and  consequently  can  dp  very  little  towards  improv- 
ing the  character  of  their  dairies.  To  feed  new  milk  is  too  expensive  and  they 
think  they  cannot  raise  calves  without  milk.  I  have  raised  a  great  many 
calves  with  very  little  milk,  and  that  while  they  are  quite  young.  I  confess  it 
requires  a  great  deal  of  care  and  considerable  trouble  and  I  have  had  some  fail- 


210 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


ures,  but  successes  enough  to  warrant  the  undertaking  when  one  desires  to 
improve  the  herd. 

"  I  usually  allow  the  calf  to  nurse  the  mother  a  few  times,  then  teach  it  to 
drink.  For  a  week  or  ten  days  the  calf  gets  nothing  but  milk,  then  I  very 
gradually  replace  the  milk  with  gruel,  so  that  at  the  end  of  ten  days  more  very 
little  milk  is  used.  If  milk  is  very  expensive  it  may  be  dispensed  with  alto- 
gether after  a  few  weeks,  but  I  prefer  to  use  a  little  for  several  months. 

"  To  make  the  gruel  referred  to  I  prefer  a  mixture  of  equal  parts  of  brown 
wheat  middlings,  buckwheat  middlings  and  old  process  linseed  cake  meal. 
Some  hours  before  feeding  stir  the  grain  into  cold  water,  stirring  thoroughly. 
At  feeding  time  add  warm  water  to  thin,  and  bring  it  to  the  temperature  of 
new  milk.  I  do  not  give  quantities,  as  they  vary  so  much  with  the  age  and 
condition  of  the  calf.  A  spoonful  of  grain  to  a  calf  is  enough  at  first,  and 
increase  very  gradually  and  watch  your  animals  very  closely  to  see  what 
they  will  stand.  The  calves  will  not  look  so  slick  as  milk  fed  calves  but  they 
will  make  just  as  large  two-year-olds  and  just  as  good  cows.  Be  particular 
about  the  temperature  of  the  gruel  and  do  not  overfeed." 


KHODA,  No.  434  H.  H.  B. 
Milk  record,  96  Ibs.  12  oz.  in  one  day;  21,309  Ibs.  in  one  year.    Butter  record,  23  Ibs.  in  seven  days. 

Ernest  Hitchcock,  Pittsford,  Vt.: 

"  I  usually  leave  the  calf  with  its  dam  for  from  thirty-six  to  forty-eight 
hours.  I  then  remove  it  and  teach  it  to  drink,  allowing  it  to  get  hungry  before 
making  the  first  attempt.  Feed  twice  per  day,  about  six  pounds  per  feed,  of 
whole  milk  warm  from  the  cow.  The  amount  will  vary  somewhat  according 
to  the  size  and  appetite  of  the  calf ;  better  under  feed  than  over  feed.  Continue 
this  for  two  weeks.  Then  feed  half  skim  milk  for  a  week,  then  all  skim 
milk.  Warm  the  milk  for  three  months,  longer  in  winter.  At  about  ten  days 
old  place  fine  bright  hay  within  easy  reach  and  keep  it  there.  Also  teach  the 
calf  to  eat  dry  bran,  linseed  meal,  middlings,  ground  oats  or  a  combination  of 
two  or  more  of  these  feeds.  Perhaps  bran  and  linseed  mixed  half  and  half 
are  as  good  as  anything.  The  calf  should  eat  considerable  of  this  feed  by  the 
time  it  is  two  or  three  weeks  old.  There  is  little  if  any  danger  of  its  eating 
too  much  of  this  dry  feed.  The  boxes  should  be  kept  clean,  and  don't  leave 
the  same  feed  in  them  from  day  to  day.  After  the  calf  has  once  learned  to  eat 
don't  give  more  than  is  eaten  up  clean.  I  give  no  gruels  of  any  kind  in  the 
milk  or  out  of  it  and  mix  no  feed  of  any  kind  in  the  milk.  Formerly  did  so, 


REARING  OF  CALVES  FOR  THE  DAIRY. 


211 


but  like  my  present  method  much  the  best.  I  consider  it  safer  and  less  trouble. 
Possibly,  if  I  were  trying  to  force  growth  for  baby  beef,  might  try  the  other 
method  again.  I  have  tried  feeding  three  times  a  day  but  did  not  see  much  of 
any  better  results  than  from  feeding  twice.  My  chief  difficulty  comes  from 
not  having  at  all  times  of  the  year  sweet  skim  milk,  my  choice  being  limited 
to  whole  milk  or  sour  milk.  At  these  times  I  continue  the  whole  milk  a  week 
or  two  longer,  according  to  the  vigor  of  the  calf  and  change  at  once  to  sour 
milk.  After  the  calf  has  commenced  to  eat  readily  of  dry  bran  and  hay  I 
consider  the  critical  point  has  been  passed.  In  case  of  scouring  give  an  ounce 
of  castor  oil,  then  put  on  scant  rations,  feeding  perhaps  four  times  a  day  one 
or  two  pounds  at  a  time.  A  little  lime  water  in  water  is  good.  If  the  case  is 
serious,  and  the  calf  valuable,  in  the  absence  of  a  competent  veterinary,  see 
your  family  physician  and  ask  what  he  would  do  in  a  similar  case  amongst 
human  infants.  Within  the  last  four  months  I  have  seen  very  successful  dairy- 


RIJANETA,  No.  1131  H.  H.  B. ;  216  ADVANCED  REGISTRY. 

Butter  record,  22  Ibs.  1  oz.  in  one  week;  80  Ibs.  11 1-4  oz.  in  thirty  days;  26  Ibs.  8  1-2  oz.  butter  in 
•eu  seven  days  at  nine  years  of  age. 

men  who  have  adopted  the  system  of  dry  feeding  of  grain  to  young  calves 
instead  of  making  gruel  and  all  are  pleased  with  the  change.  I  have  had  one 
experience  with  calf  cholera  or  white  scours.  I  brought  a  two-year-old  heifer 
from  the  pasture  one  day  in  September  with  an  apparently  healthy  calf.  The 
next  morning  the  calf  could  not  stand  and  by  noon  it  was  dead.  The  stable 
was  thoroughly  cleaned  and  disinfected  with  a  solution  of  bichloride  of  mer- 
cury. Another  cow  and  calf  were  placed  in  it  (or  if  I  remember  correctly 
the  second  calf  was  dropped  in  this  stable)  and  the  calf  went  the  same  road, 
only  he  was  a  little  longer  in  going.  From  that  time  on  every  calf  I  had  for 
about  six  months  had  a  more  or  less  severe  attack.  Those  that  got  a  good  start 
of  two  or  three  weeks  I  saved.  Those  that  were  attacked  at  a  day  or  two  old 
died.  The  disease  left  as  suddenly  as  it  came  and  I  have  not  had  a  case  for 
over  a  year.  The  leading  symptoms  as  I  observed  them  were  extreme  and 
sudden  prostration,  white  watery  discharge  from  the  bowels,  extremely  offen- 
sive odor  and  sinking  in  of  the  eyes,  the  eyes  turning  dark,  and  often,  if  the 
calf  lives  long  enough,  total  blindness.  In  my  judgment  the  best  course  for  a 


REARING  OF   CALVES  FOR  THE   DAIRY.  213 

farmer  to  pursue,  if  he  has  a  clear  case  of  this  disease,  is  to  bury  the  calf  at 
once,  the  sooner  the  better,  at  least  unless  it  is  an  unusually  valuable  calf.  I 
don't  believe  a  calf  a  day  or  two  old  attacked  by  the  genuine  white  scour  is 
worth  fussing  with.  I  have  never  seen  any  explanation  of  the  cause  of  the  dis- 
ease which  seemed  to  me  plausible.  To  say  that  it  is  an  outgrowth  of  simple 
diarrhoea  seems  to  me  much  like  calling  tuberculosis  an  outgrowth  of  a  com- 
mon cold.  Such  calves  as  my  first  one  have  been  called  living  abortions,  but  I 
fail  to  see  that  that  throws  any  light  upon  the  subject." 

Major  Henry  E.  Alvord,  of  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture: 
"Among  dairy  cattle  the  best  practice  is  to  remove  the  calf  from  the  cow 
within  twenty-four  hours  after  its  birth,  and  at  once  teach  it  to  drink.  This 
separation  may  be  delayed  until  the  dam's  milk  assumes  its  normal  condition, 
but  as  a  rule  the  earlier  the  calf  is  taken  in  hand  and  its  feeding  regulated,  the 
better  for  the  calf.  The  younger  it  is,  the  easier  it  learns  to  drink.  It  is  also 
better  for  the  dairy  cow  to  be  milked  by  hand  regularly  than  to  suckle  a  calf. 
The  milk  of  good  cows  is  often  too  rich  for  their  calves,  and  the  latter  are  apt 
to  take  too  much  if  left  to  themselves.  The  calf  should  have  the  milk  of  its 
dam  or  some  fresh  cow,  and  receive  it  while  warm,  and  at  least  three  times  a 
day,  preferably  four,  for  a  week  or  a  month.  During  this  time  if  the  milk  is 
rich  it  should  be  diluted  with  warm  water  one  fifth  to  one-third  its  own  bulk 
according  to  the  richness,  or  the  milk  may  be  kept  a  few  hours,  the  best  of  the 
cream  removed,  and  then  warmed  and  fed.  To  make  a  good  calf  three  feedings 
a  day  should  be  kept  up  for  a  month  or  six  weeks,  and  the  milk  should  be  fed 
warm  for  a  longer  period,  especially  if  the  weather  is  cold.  But  after  twelve 
days  milk  set  twelve  hours  or  so,  and  lightly  skimmed,  will  do,  and  after  ten 
days  more  the  skimming  may  gradually  be  made  closer  until  at  the  end  of  a 
month,  or  soon  after,  a  skim-milk  diet  is  reached.  No  rule  can  be  given  for 
quantity  in  feeding  calves,  they  differ  so  much  in  size^and  food  requirements. 
Judgment  must  be  used  and  the  feeding  effects  observed,  and  the  calf  given 
enough  to  thrive  and  be  active,  but  not  too  much.  More  calves  suffer  from 
overfeeding  than  from  scant  diet.  Keep  the  calf  a  little  hungry  and  eager  for 
more  rather  than  fill  it  to  dullness.  The  endeavor  should  be  to  prevent  the 
beginning  of  indigestion  which  leads  to  scouring  and  perhaps  to  fatal  diarrhoea. 
Nothing  causes  indigestion  sooner  than  the  overfeeding  or  irregularity  in  the 
quantity,  time  and  temperature  of  the  milk,  especially  while  the  calf  is  young, 
and  absolute  cleanliness  about  the  feeding  vessels  is  essential,  with  frequent 
scalding.  If  it  can  with  certainty  be  kept  equally  clean,  some  feeding  device 
which  compels  the  calf  to  suck  its  milk  instead  of  swallowing  it  rapidly  is 
preferable  to  the  open  pail,  but,  all  considered,  the  latter  is  usually  the  best 
utensil.  If  gritting  the  teeth  or  other  symptoms  of  indigestion  appear,  a  little 
limewater  in  the  milk  or  a  little  baking  soda  will  usually  prove  a  correction .  Keep 
the  calf  dry  and  clean  and  fairly  warm,  but  in  pure  air,  and  allow  it  to  exercise. 
If  its  box  is  small,  turn  it  daily  into  a  covered  yard  or  small  paddock.  Young 
calves  like  company,  but  if  kept  together  are  likely  to  learn  bad  sucking  habits. 
Every  calf  had  better  have  its  own  box  until  a  month  or  two  old,  and  then  be 
tied  up  out  of  reach  of  neighbors,  but  several  may  exercise  together  if  not 
turned  out  until  an  hour  after  taking  milk.  The  calf  here  referred  to  is  not 
supposed  to  be  for  veal,  but  to  be  raised  for  a  dairy  cow.  The  foregoing  treat- 
ment should  be  accompanied  by  early  lessons  inducing  it  to  eat  sweet  hay  and 
a  little  grain.  The  sooner  it  learns  to  eat  hay,  or  other  rough  forage,  the  bet- 
ter; and  the  more  it  eats,  the  better;  but  keep  up  milk  feeding  as  long  as 
possible,  if  only  once  a  day.  Grain  should  be  used  sparingly,  oats  and  bran 
preferred,  perhaps  a  little  linseed,  and  always  to  judiciously  supplement  the 
other  food.  Do  not  turn  it  on  to  grass  too  soon.  If  a  spring  calf,  carry  it  over 
to  the  second  summer  without  pasturage.  A  fall  calf  will  be  in  good  shape  to 
get  its  own  living  from  pasture  its  first  summer." 

The  late  Prof.  E.  W.  Stewart  (condensed  by  the  editor  from  "Feeding 
Animals"): 

"Fresh  milk  is  the  best  food  for  the  young  calf,  and  the  natural  method  is 
for  the  calf  to  draw  it  from  its  dam.  This  method  is  only  practicable  among 
the  breeders  of  pure  bred  stock  grown  primarily  for  beef,  and  if  such  breeder 
is  located  where  milk  is  valuable,  it  is  unnecessary  that  he  should  feed  new 
milk  longer  than  one  or  two  months.  After  that  period  the  calf  may  be  fed 
upon  the  skim-milk  and  linseed  or  flaxseed  gruel  with  excellent  results.  If  the 


REARING  OF  CALVES  FOR  THE  DAIRY.  215 

calf  is  to  be  taught  to  drink,  it  is  better  to  do  this  when  six  to  ten  days  old. 
The  calf  should  have  the  milk  warm  from  the  cow,  having  the  run  of  a  dry 
yard  with  a  little  grass  or  hay  to  eat.  A  small  field  of  grass  in  summer  is  still 
better.  When  the  time  comes  for  feeding  skim-milk  the  ration  may  be  made 
about  as  nutritious  as  new  milk  by  adding  to  it  gruel  made  by  boiling  a  pint  of 
flaxseed  and  a  pint  of  oil  meal  in  ten  to  twelve  quarts  of  water,  or  flaxseed 
alone  in  six  times  its  bulk  of  water.  Mix  this  one  to  three  parts  of  skim-milk, 
and  feed  warm.  Let  the  calf  have  its  fill  twice  per  day  at  regular  times  until 
six  months  old.  During  this  time  teach  it  to  eat  a  few  oats,  and  in  case  of  a 
tendency  to  scour  give  for  a  meal  or  two,  in  the  milk,  a  quart  of  coarse  wheat 
flour,  sometimes  called  by  farmers  canel.  The  dairyman  may  feed  whole  milk 
a  single  week  and  then  substitute  skim-milk  with  a  little  flaxseed  jelly  mixed 
in  as  above  described,  or  add  two  tablespoonfuls  of  oil  meal  per  day  dissolved 
in  hot  water.  This  oil  meal  may  be  doubled  in  a  week,  gradually  increasing  to 
one  pound  per  day,  but  this  will  be  sufficient  up  to  sixty  days  old,  then  add  a 
pound  of  oats,  oatmeal  or  middlings,  and  continue  another  sixty  days.  Twenty 
pounds  of  skim-milk  per  day  is  sufficient  for  the  first  ninety  days,  but  no  injury 
will  result  from  a  larger  ration  as  the  calf  grows  older.  For  the  next  ninety 
days,  if  skim-milk  is  short,  feed  only  ten  pounds  per  day,  and  increase  the  oats 
or  middlings  to  two  pounds  per  day.  Linseed  meal,  new  or  old  process,  is  a 
most  excellent  feed,  but  oatmeal  or  middlings  may  be  used  in  its  place  with 
skim-milk.  An  excellent  calf  may  be  raised  on  skim-milk  alone. 

*'We  have  had  calves  seventy  days  old  fed  on  one-half  pound  of  flaxseed 
and  one  and  a  half  pounds  of  oatmeal  each,  with  twenty  pounds  of  skim-milk 
per  day,  that  have  gained  an  average  of  three  and  one-fourth  pounds  per  day 
for  ten  days.  Their  average  weight  at  seventy  days  was  230  pounds.  We  ordi- 
narily expect  thrifty  calves  to  weigh  300  pounds  at  three  months.  Flaxseed  as 
a  small  part  of  the  ration  for  the  calf  cannot  be  too  highly  recommended.  It 
is  a  natural  antidote  to  scouring,  and  a  feverish  condition  of  the  stomach  and 
intestines.  Its  large  proportion  of  oil  renders  it  appropriate  to  mix  with  other 
food  deficient  in  the  oil." 

Prof.  James  Law — Indigestion,  Diarrhea  (Simple  and  Contagious),  White 
Scour  (or  Calf  Cholera) : 

"Indigestion  may  occur  from  many  different  causes,  as  costiveness:  a  too 
liberal  supply  of  milk;  too  rich  milk;  the  furnishing  of  the  milk  of  a  cow  long 
after  calving  to  a  very  young  calf;  allowing  a  calf  to  suck  the  first  milk  of  a 
cow  that  has  been  hunted,  driven  by  road,  shipped  by  rail,  or  otherwise 
violently  excited;  allowing  a  calf  too  long  time  between  meals,  so  that  impelled 
by  hunger  it  quickly  overloads  and  clogs  the  stomach;  feeding  from  the  pail 
milk  that  has  been  held  over  in  unwashed  (unscalded)  buckets,  so  that  it  is 
fermented  and  spoiled;  feeding  the  milk  of  cows  kept  on  unwholesome  food; 
keeping  the  calves  in  cold,  damp,  dark,  filthy  or  bad  smelling  pens;  feeding 
the  calves  on  artificial  mixtures  containing  too  much  starchy  matters;  or  over- 
feeding the  calves  on  artificial  food  that  may  be  appropriate  enough  in  smaller 
amount.  The  licking  of  hair  from  themselves  or  others,  and  its  formation 
into  balls  in  the  stomach,  will  cause  obstinate  indigestion  in  the  calf.  The 
symptoms  are  dullness,  indisposition  to  move,  uneasiness,  eructations  of  gas 
from  the  stomach,  sour  breath,  entire  loss  of  appetite,  lying  down  and  rising  as 
if  in  pain,  fullness  of  the  abdomen,  which  gives  out  a  drumlike  sound  when 
tapped  with  the  fingers.  The  costiveness  may  be  marked  at  first,  but  soon  it 
gives  place  to  diarrhea,  by  which  the  offensive  matters  may  be  carried  off  and 
health  restored.  In  other  cases  it  becomes  aggravated,  merges  into  inflamma- 
tion of  the  bowels,  fever  sets  in,  and  the  calf  gradually  sinks. 

"Prevention  consists  in  avoiding  the  causes  above  enumerated,  or  any 
others  that  may  be  detected. 

"Treatment  consists  in  first  clearing  away  the  irritant  present  in  the  bow- 
els. For  this  purpose  one  or  two  ounces  of  castor  oil  with  twenty  drops  of 
laudanum  may  be  given,  and  if  the  sour  eructations  are  marked,  a  tablespoon- 
ful  of  limewater  or  one-fourth  ounce  calcined  magnesia  may  be  given  and 
repeated  two  or  three  times  a  day.  If  the  disorder  continues  after  the  removal 
of  the  irritant,  a  large  tablespoonful  of  rennet,  or  thirty  grains  of  pepsin,  may 
be  given  at  each  meal,  along  with  a  teaspopnful  of  tincture  of  gentian.  Any 
return  of  constipation  must  be  treated  by  injections  of  .warm  water  and  soap, 
while  the  persistence  of  diarrhea  must  be  met  as  advised  below. 


REARING  OF  CALVES  FOR  THE  DAIRY. 


217 


"Scouring  is  a  common  result  of  indigestion,  and  at  first  may  be  nothing 
more  than  an  attempt  of  nature  to  relieve  the  stomach  and  bowels  of  offensive 
and  irritating  contents.  As  the  indigestion  persists,  however,  the  fermenta- 
tions going  on  in  the  undigested  masses  become  steadily  more  complex  and 
active,  and  what  was  at  first  the  mere  result  of  irritation  or  suspended  diges- 
tion comes  to  be  a  genuine  contagious  disease  in  which  the  organized  ferments 
(bacteria)  propagate  the  affection  from  animal  to  animal,  and  from  herd  to 
herd.  In  enumerating  the  other  causes  of  this  disease,  we  may  refer  to  those 
noted  above  as  inducing  indigestion.  As  a  primary  consideration  any  condi- 
tion which  lowers  the  vitality  or  vigor  of  the  calf  must  be  accorded  a  promi- 
nent place  among  the  factors  which,  apart  from  contagion,  contribute  to  start 
the  disease  de  novo.  Other  things  being  equal,  the  strong,  vigorous  races  are 
the  least  predisposed  to  the  malady,  and  in  this  respect  the  compact  form,  the 


DE  KOL  2D'S  PAULINE,  30112  H.  F.  H.  B. 

At  four  years  old  awarded  first  prize  by  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  America  for  largest 
officially  authenticated  yield  of  butter  fat  in  contests  of  1896-7.    ~ 
to  24.14  Ibs.  commercial  butter. 


Record,  19.31  Ibs.,  equivalent 


healthy  coat,  the  clear  eye,  and  the  bold,  active  carriage  are  desirable.  Even 
the  color  of  the  hair  is  not  unimportant,  as  in  the  same  herd  I  have  found  a 
far  greater  number  of  victims  among  the  light  colors  (light  yellow,  light 
brown)  than  among  those  of  a  darker  tint.  This  constitutional  predisposition 
to  indigestion  and  diarrhea  is  sometimes  fostered  by  too  close  breeding,  with- 
out taking  due  account  of  the  maintenance  of  a  robust  constitution,  and  hence 
animals  that  are  very  much  inbred  need  to  be  especially  observed  and  cared 
for  unless  their  inherent  vigor  has  been  thoroughly  tested.  The  surroundings 
of  the  calf  are  powerful  influences.  Calves  kept  indoors  suffer  to  a  greater 
extent  than  those  running  in  the  open  air  and  having  the  invigorating  influ- 
ences of  sunshine,  pure  air  and  exercise.  But  close,  crowded,  filthy,  bad 
smelling  buildings  are  especially  causative  of  the  complaint.  They  further 
weaken  the  system  so  that  it  can  no  longer  resist  and  overcome  the  trouble. 
The  condition  of  the  nursing  cow  and  her  milk  is  another  potent  cause  of 
trouble.  The  food  of  the  cow  is  important. 
15 


218 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


"The  symptoms  of  diarrhea  may  appear  so  promptly  after  birth  as  to  lead 
to  the  idea  that  the  cause  already  existed  in  the  body  of  the  calf,  and  it  usually 
shows  itself  before  the  end  of  the  second  week.  It  may  be  preceded  by  consti- 
pation, as  in  retained  meconium,  or  by  fetid  eructations  and  colicky  pains,  as 
in  acute  indigestion.  The  tail  is  stained  by  the  liquid  dejections,  which  are  at 
first  simply  soft  and  mixed  with  mucus  with  a  sour  odor,  accompanied  by  a 
peculiar  and  characteristic  fetor  (suggesting  rotten  cheese),  which  continually 
grows  worse.  The  amount  of  water  and  of  mucus  steadily  increases,  the  nor- 
mal predominance  of  fatty  matters  becoming  modified  by  the  presence  of  a 
considerable  amount  of  undigested  caseine,  which  is  not  present  in  the  healthy 
feces,  and  in  acute  cases  death  may  result  in  one  or  two  days  from  the  com- 
bined drain  of  the  system,  and  the  poisoning  by  the  absorbed  products  of  the 
decomposition  in  the  stomach  and  bowels.  When  the  case  is  prolonged  the 
passages,  at  first  five  or  six  per  day,  increase  to  fifteen  or  twenty,  and  pass  with 
more  and  more  straining,  so  that  they  are  projected  from  the  animal  in  a  liquid 
stream.  The  color  of  the  feces,  at  first  yellow,  becomes  a  lighter  grayish  yel- 
low, or  a  dirty  white  (hence  the  name  white  scour; ,  and  the  fetor  becomes 
intolerable.  At  first  the  calf  retains  its  appetite,  but  as  the  severity  of  the  dis- 
ease increases  the  animal  shows  less  and  less  disposition  to  suck  and  has  lost  all 
vivacity,  lying  dull  and  listless,  and  when  raised  walking  weakly  and  unstead- 
ily. Flesh  is  lost  rapidly,  the  hair  stands  erect,  the  skin  gets  dry  and  scurfy, 
the  nose  is  dry  and  hot,  or  this  condition  alternates  with  a  moist  and  cool  one. 
By  this  time  the  mouth  and  skin,  as  well  as  the  breath  and  dung,  exhale  the 
peculiar,  penetrating,  sour,  offensive  odor,  and  the  poor  calf  has  become  an 
object  of  disgust  to  all  that  approach  it.  At  first  and  unless  inflammation  of 
the  stomach  and  bowels  supervenes  (and  unless  the  affection  has  started  an 


SIR  NETHERLAND  CLOTHILDE,  No.  8517  H.  F.  H.  B. 

Sire,  Clothilde  4tb/s  Imperial,  Advanced  Registry  No.  42.  Dam,  Netherland  Princess, 
Advanced  Registry  No.  496.  His  thirteen  nearest  female  ancestors,  all  there  are 
in  this  country,  have  records  that  average  16,052  Ibs.  3  oz.  of  milk  in  a  year,  and 
19  Ibs.  15  oz.  butter  in  a  week,  while  nine  of  the  nearest  ancestors  average  21  Ibs. 
8  oz.  butter  in  a  week,  two  being  two  years  old. 


REARING  OF  CALVES  FOR  THE  DAIRY. 


219 


indigestion  and  colic)  the  belly  is  not  bloated  nor  painful  on  pressure,  symp- 
toms of  acute  colicky  pains  are  absent,  and  the  bowels  do  not  rumble,  nor  the 
bubbles  of  gas  mingle  with  the  feces.  The  irritant  products  of  the  intestinal 
fermentation  may,  however,  irritate  and  excoriate  the  skin  around  the  anus 
which  becomes  red,  raw  and  broken  out  in  sores  for  some  distance.  Similarly 
the  rectum  exposed  by  reason  of  the  relaxed  condition  of  the  anus,  or  tempor- 
arily in  straining  to  pass  the  liquid  dejection,  is  of  a  more  or  less  deep  red,  and 
it  may  be  ulcerated.  Fever,  with  rapid  pulse  and  increased  breathing  and  tem- 
perature, usually  comes  on  with  the  very  fetid  character  of  the  feces,  and  is 
more  pronounced  as  the  bowels  become  inflamed,  the  abdomen  sore  to  the 
touch  and  tucked  up,  and  the  feces  more  watery  and  even  mixed  with  blood. 

"The  prevention  of  these  cases  is  the  prevention  of  constipation  and  indi- 
gestion with  all  their  varied  causes  as  above  enumerated,  the  selection  of  a 
strong  vigorous  stock,  and  above  all  the  combating  of  contagion,  especially  in 
the  separation  of  the  sick  from  the  healthy  and  in  the  thorough  purification 
and  disinfection  of  the  buildings.  The  cleansing  and  sweetening  of  all  drains, 


SIR  NEWTON  OF  AAGGIE. 

the  removal  of  dung  heaps,  and  the  washing  and  scraping  of  floors  and  walls, 
followed  by  a  liberal  application  of  chloride  of  lime  (bleaching  powder)  four 
ounces  to  the  gallon  are  indicated.  Great  care  must  be  exercised  in  the  feed- 
ing of  the  cow  to  have  sound  and  wholesome  food  and  water,  so  apportioned  as 
to  make  the  milk  neither  too  rich  nor  too  poor,  and  to  her  health  so  that  the 
calf  may  be  saved  from  the  evil  consequences  of  poisonous  principles  that  may 
be  produced  in  the  body  of  the  cow.  The  calves  should  be  carefully  kept  apart 
from  all  calving  cows  and  their  discharges.  Similarly  each  calf  must  have 
special  attention  to  see  that  its  nurse  gives  milk  which  agrees  with  it  and 
that  this  is  furnished  at  suitable  times.  If  allowed  to  suck,  it  should  either  be 
left  with  the  cow,  or  it  may  be  fed  three  times  a  day.  If  it  cornes  hungry 
twice  a  day  it  is  more  likely  to  overload  and  derange  the  stomach,  and  if  left 
too  long  hungry  it  is  tempted  to  take  in  unsuitable  and  unwholesome  food,  for 
which  its  stomach  is  as  yet  unprepared.  So  if  fed  from  a  pail  it  is  safer  to  do 
so  three  times  daily  than  twice.  The  utmost  cleanliness  of  feeding  dishes 
should  be  secured  and  the  feeder  must  ever  be  on  the  alert  to  prevent  the  strong 
and  hungry  from  drinking  the  milk  of  the  weaker  in  addition  to  their  own. 


REARING  OF   CALVES   FOR  THE   DAIRY. 


221 


In  case  the  cow  nurse  has  been  subjected  to  any  great  excitement  by  reason  of 
travel,  hunting  or  carrying,  the  first  milk  she  yields  thereafter  should  be  used 
for  some  other  purpose,  and  only  the  second  allowed  to  the  calf.  Indeed  one 
and  all  the  conditions  above  indicated  as  causes  should  be  judiciously  guarded 
against. 

"  Treatment  will  vary  according  to  the  nature  and  stage  of  the  disease. 
When  the  disease  is  not  widespread,  but  isolated  cases  only  occur,  it  may  be 
assumed  to  be  a  simple  diarrhea  and  is  easily  dealt  with.  The  first  object  is  to 
remove  the  irritant  matter  from  the  stomach  and  bowels, 'and  for  this  one  or 
two  ounces  of  castor  oil  may  be  given  according  to  the  size  of  the  calf.  If  the 
stools  smell  particularly  sour,  it  may  be  replaced  by  one  ounce  of  calcined  mag- 
nesia, and  in  any  case  a  tablespoonful  or  two  of  limewater  may  be  given  with 
each  meal.  Great  harm  is  often  done  by  giving  opium  and  astringents  at  the 
outset.  These  merely  serve  to  bind  up  the  bowels  and  retain  the  irritant  source 
of  the  trouble,  literally  '  to  shut  up  the  wolf  in  the  sheepfold.'  When  the  offend- 


SOLDENE  2D'S  NETHERLAND,  No.  8L19  H.  F.  H.  B. 
The  great  show  bull;  never  beaten  in  any  class. 

ing  agents  have  been  expelled  in  this  way  carminatives  and  demulcents  may 
be  given:  One  dram  anise  water,  one  dram  nitrate  of  bismuth,  and  one  dram 
gum  arabic,  three  times  a  day.  Under  such  a  course  the  consistency  of  the 
stools  should  increase  until  in  a  day  or  two  they  become  natural. 

"  If,  however,  the  outbreak  is  more  general  and  evidently  the  result  of  con- 
tagion, the  first  consideration  is  to  remove  all  sources  of  such  contamination. 
Test  the  milk  of  the  cow  with  blue  litmus  paper;  if  it  reddens,  reject  the  milk 
of  that  cow  until  by  sound  dry  feeding  with  perhaps  a  course  of  hyposulphite 
of  soda  and  gentian  root,  her  milk  shall  have  been  made  alkaline.  The  castor 
oil  or  magnesia  will  still  be  demanded  to  clear  away  the  (now  infecting)  irrit- 
ants, but  they  should  be  combined  with  antiseptics,  and,  while  the  limewater 
and  the  carminative  mixture  may  still  be  used,  a  most  valuable  mixture  will 
be  found  in  the  following:  Calomel  10  grains,  prepared  chalk  1  oz.,  creosote  1 
teaspoonful;  mix,  divide  into  ten  parts  and  give  one  four  times  a  day.  Or  the  fol- 
lowing may  be  given  four  times  a  day  :  1  dram  Dover's  powder,  6  grains  pow- 
dered ipecacuanha  ;  mix,  divide  into  ten  equal  parts.  Injections  of  solutions 


THE  SELECTION   OF  A  SIRE.  223 

of  gum  arabic  are  often  useful,  and  if  the  anus  is  red  and  excoriated,  one-half 
dram  coperas  may  be  added  to  each  pint  of  the  gummy  solution.  All  milk 
given  must  be  boiled,  and  if  that  does  not  agree,  eggs  made  into  an  emulsion 
with  barley  water  may  be  substituted.  Small  doses  (tablespoonful)  of  port 
wine  are  often  useful  from  the  first,  and  as  the  feces  lose  their  watery  char- 
acter and  become  more  consistent,  tincture  of  gentian  in  doses  of  two  teaspoon- 
fuls  may  be  given  three  or  four  times  a  day.  Counter-irritants,  such  as  mus- 
tard, ammonia  or  oil  of  turpentine  may  be  rubbed  on  the  abdomen  when  that 
becomes  tender  to  the  touch." 


CHAPTER  XXV. 

THE  SELECTION  OF  A  SIRE. 

The  amount  of  experimenting  which  the  average  farmer  or  breeder  is  able 
to  do  in  this  direction  is  necessarily  limited.  In  the  natural  course  of  events 
he  acquires  more  experience  in  calf  raising  in  two  or  three  years  than  he  is 
able  to  obtain  in  the  selection  of  the  successive  heads  of  his  herd  in  a  lifetime. 
This  fact  renders  the  comparison  of  ideas  and  of  experiences  all  the  more 
important  in  order  that  we  may  supplement  our  own  meagre  experiences  with 
those  of  others.  The  first  necessity  in  the  selection  of  a  sire  to  head  a  herd  is 
that  the  breeder  shall  have  in  his  own  mind  a  clear  and  distinct  idea  of  what 
he  wants  and  expects  that  herd  to  become.  He  must  have  a  well  defined  pict- 
ure before  him  of  the  type  of  cow  which  he  desires  to  prevail  in  his  herd. 
Further  than  this  he  must  have  a  decided  opinion  as  to  the  relative  importance 
of  the  different  elements  which  go  to  make  up  that  type  of  cow.  With  these 
ideas  firmly  fixed,  the  breeder  will  then  select  that  animal,  from  amongst  those 
accessible  to  him,  which  he  believes  will,  coupled  with  the  present  members  of 
his  herd,  produce  offspring  which  approach  to  his  ideal  as  nearly  as  possible. 

Now,  what  is  the  ideal  which  the  breeder  of  Holstein-Friesian  cattle  should 
have  in  mind  ?  First  and  foremost  we  believe  it  should  be  the  economical  pro- 
duction of  milk  solids,  and  of  these  solids  he  should  not  ignore  that  fact  that  at 
present  the  fat  is  by  far  the  more  valuable  and  serves  approximately  as  a  meas- 
ure of  the  value  of  the  whole.  And,  under  present  conditions,  we  believe  the 
aim  of  the  breeder  should  be  to  increase  the  percentage  of  solids  rather  than 
to  increase  the  total  production  of  milk.  In  saying  this  we  do  not  intend  to 
indorse  or  to  countenance  those  who  would  condemn  all  cows  that  do  not  come 
to  an  abitrary  standard  in  butter  fats.  The  cow  giving  milk  testing  three  per 
cent  is  entitled  to  be  judged  simply  on  the  standard  of  profit  or  loss,  and  a  cow 
testing  five  per  cent  should  be  judged  in  the  same  way.  We  have  no  patience 
with  the  sweeping  generality  of  one  of  our  experiment  station  workers  who 
has  undertaken  to  say  that  rich  milking  cows  are  more  profitable  than  those 
giving  a  milk  less  rich  in  fat.  There  is  no  evidence  sufficient  to  support  any 
such  generalizations.  But  it  is  true,  of  course,  that  of  two  cows  giving  the 
same  amount  of  milk  and  eating  the  same  food,  the  one  giving  the  richer  milk 
is  the  more  profitable.  All  of  us  are  aiming  to  improve  our  herds  and  the 
breed  as  a  whole,  and  we  believe  the  possibilities  of  improvement  lie  rather  in 
the  direction  of  quality  than  of  quantity.  For  one  thing  the  amount  of  milk 
which  a  cow  can  carry  in  her  udder  is  not  unlimited  and  there  are  serious 
doubts  whether  the  practical  dairyman  will  ever  care  to  add  to  the  number  of 
his  daily  milkings.  This  does  not  mean  that  quantity  is  to  be  ignored.  No 
deterioration  should  be  permitted  in  any  direction.  We  believe  our  cattle 
should  be  bred  to  the  dairy  type  rather  than  to  the  beef  type,  and  here  let  it  be 
said  that  there  is  no  connection  between  dairy  type  and  lack  of  constitution. 
The  type  is  too  familiar  to  need  description.  The  scale  of  points  for  the 
Advanced  Registry  may  be  referred  to.  The  animal  which  would  score  high 
under  that  scale  must  be  of  the  dairy  type,  though  there  is  room  of  course  for 
difference  of  opinion  as  to  some  of  the  individual  points,  or  perhaps  better,  as 
to  their  relative  importance.  There  can  be  but  little  doubt  but  that  the  prin- 
cipal points  are  udder  capacity,  digestive  capacity  and  wedge  shape.  It  is  one 
of  the  valuable  characteristics  of  our  breed  that  in  it  this  type  also  possesses 
the  capacity  to  take  on  flesh  economically  and  rapidly  when  not  milking. 


THE  SELECTION  OF  A  SIRE.  225 


The  bull  of  course  cannot  show  the  dairy  type  in  the  same  degree  as  the 
cow,  nevertheless  it  is  possible  that  he  may  have  it  clearly  marked.  He  may 
have  a  decidedly  cowy  look.  He  should  also  have  a  distinctly  vigorous  and 
masculine  appearance.  The  two  are  not  inconsistent.  The  one  is  a  matter  of 
form  chiefly,  the  other  a  matter  of  spirit  and  bearing. 

Every  breeder  has  to  do  with  tendencies.  Like  tends  to  beget  like.  Varia- 
tions in  one  generation  tend  to  perpetuate  themselves.  There  is  also  the  ten- 
dency, in  an  artificially  created  type,  like  the  types  of  our  domestic  animals, 
to  revert  to  the  original  type.  Our  large  dairy  producers  have  been  created  by 
breeders  taking  advantage  of  variations  in  that  direction  for  scores  of  years. 
The  original  type  was  of  course  a  small  producer  of  dairy  products  and  there 
is  always  a  possibilitj'  of  reversion  to  that  type.  The  farther  we  get  from  the 
original  type  the  smaller  the  probability  or  possibility  of  reversion.  Hence  the 
value  of  the  pedigree,  hence  the  prepotency  of  a  well  bred  animal.  A  well 
bred  animal  is  simply  one  in  which  the  tendency  to  revert  to  any  other  type 
than  the  one  desired  has  by  a  long  course  of  careful  selection  been  thoroughly 
bred  out.  We  believe  also  that  there  can  be  no  question  but  that  a  particular 
type  can  be  more  firmly  fixed  by  close  inbreeding  than  by  any  other  method. 
The  difficulty  is  that  undesirable  qualities  can  be  firmly  fixed  in  the  same  way 
just  as  easily  as  the  desirable  ones. 

The  fundamental  principle,  then,  is,  fix  in  your  own  mind  the  type  towards 
which  you  wish  to  breed,  then  select  as  your  service  bull  the  animal  which 
embodies  in  himself  and  through  a  long  line  of  ancestry  the  qualities  desired 
in  the  highest  possible  degree. 

S.  Burchard,  Hamilton,  N.  Y.: 

"  Because  we  cannot  immediately  figure  out  the  records  that  the  bull  makes 
(for  they  must  necessarily  be  second-hand),  he  is  no  less  the  most  important 
animal  in  the  herd.  His  qualities  of  excellence  or  worthlessness  are  trans- 
mitted to  every  animal  that  is  bred  in  the  herd  (unless  counteracted  by  the  cow 
with  which  he  is  coupled),  and  are  as  fixedly  stamped  upon  his  progeny  as  the 
eagle  is  stamped  upon  the  coin  at  the  mint.  In  my  boyhood  my  father  obtained 
a  Shorthorn  bull  from  the  Clay  stock  of  Kentucky.  He  was  of  the  milking 
strain  of  Shorthorns,  and  had  the  appearance  of  a  very  fine  and  vigorous 
animal.  He  was  patronized  by  the  farmers  for  miles  around,  and  was  so  pre- 
potent that  he  stamped  his  qualities  of  form,  style  and  milk  development  upon 
all  of  his  progeny.  All  of  his  daughters  were  superior  milkers.  About  twenty 
of  them  were  milked  in  my  father's  dairy  and  I  have  never  seen  anything  that 
could  compare  with  them,  until  I  came  into  contact  with  the  black-and-whites. 
This  experience  taught  in  my  early  life  that  the  bull  that  is  well-bred  through 
a  long  line  of  ancestors,  possessing  a  milk  development  of  the  highest  order, 
and  the  power  of  transmitting  his  qualities  to  his  descendants,  is  the  only  safe 
bull  to  be  used  in  a  well  ordered  herd.  The  bull  may  be  of  the  finest  style  and 
be  possessed  of  the  highest  order  of  milk  development,  yet  it  will  be  impossible 
for  him  to  be  a  transmitter  of  his  qualities,  unless  he  is  endowed  with  a  high 
order  of  nervous  energy.  This  force  is  something  that  we  cannot  explain,  but 
still  we  know  that  it  exists,  and  we  would  compare  it  in  the  animal  kingdom 
to  electricity  in  the  natural  world.  Like  the  lightning  in  the  cloud,  it  is  subtly 
lurking  in  the  system,  and  when  certain  conditions  occur,  it  is  ready  to  flash 
forth  and  perform  its  mission.  It  is  this  subtle  power  that  enables  the  horse  to 
trot  his  mile  in  2.30  or  better,  and  it  is  the  same  power  that  enables  men  to  per- 
form business,  military  and  political  actions  that  astonish  the  world.  It  always 
has  been  and  ever  will  be  a  potent  factor  in  producing  the  phenomenal  records  of 
horses  and  cows  and  men.  To  be  able  to  detect  this  power  is  an  important  part 
of  the  education  of  the  breeder.  The  most  prominent  indication  of  the  nervous 
force  element  in  the  bull  or  the  cow  is  what  we  call  the  double  chine.  In  this 
the  points  of  the  vertebrae  stand  well  apart,  forming  an  open  space  between  in 
which  the  ends  of  the  fingers  may  be  easily  inserted.  This  indicates  a  strong 
spinal  cord  connecting  directly  with  the  brain  on  one  hand,  and  with  every 
nerve  in  the  system  on  the  other.  This,  in  connection  with  a  prominent,  sprightly 
eye,  showing  plainly  what  is  called  the  white  of  the  eye,  a  mellow,  silky  skin, 
and  a  conformation  showing  strength  and  vigor,  are  the  main  points  to  be  con- 
sidered. The  law  that  like  begets  like  has  resulted  in  many  failures  and  much 
disappointment,  but  the  bull  possessing  nervous  force  in  a  high  degree  will 
rarely  fail  in  stamping  his  qualifications  upon  his  progeny.  When  such  a  bull 


THE  SELECTION   OF   A  SIRE.  227 

is  once  obtained  in  a  herd  his  days  should  not  be  cut  short,  nor  his  energies 
wasted  ;  and  he  will  leave  an  impress  upon  the  herd  that  will  last  for  generations." 

Edward  A.  Powell,  vice-president  Smiths  &  Powell  Co.,  Lakeside  Stock 
Farm,  Syracuse,  N.  Y.: 

"  The  selection  of  sires  for  breeding  purposes  is  the  most  important  matter 
to  be  considered  in  the  breeding  problem,  not  only  because  the  sire  represents 
one-half  of  the  herd  in  breeding,  but  because  uniformity  in  type,  style,  etc..  is 
very  essential  in  order  to  give  the  herd  a  nice  appearance,  and  this  quality  can 
only  be  successfully  secured  through  the  sire,  as  the  dams  are  not  supposed  to 
be  from  the  same  families,  or  entirely  uniform  in  breeding  or  quality.  If, 
therefore,  the  sire  be  so  strongly  bred  as  to  impart  his  characteristics  to  all  his 
produce,  the  herd  will  soon  become  uniform  in  appearance.  If  the  sire  be  just 
the  type  desired,  fine  in  form,  choice  in  quality,  and  of  the  size  preferred,  the 
herd  will  soon  be  up  to  the  standard  esta  blished  by  the  breeder. 

"In  the  dairy  production  is  the  first  essential,  therefore,  in  selecting  the  sire 
the  ancestors  are  first  of  all  to  be  considered.  The  dams,  for  several  genera- 
tions in  every  line  should  be  large  producers  of  the  product  desired.  If  milk  be 
the  essential,  then  they  should  have  large  yearly  records  for  milk.  Daily 
records  are  of  little  value.  If  butter  alone  be  essential,  then  they  should  have 
large  records  for  butter.  If  milk  and  butter  both  be  desired,  we  should  then 
select  bulls  whose  female  ancestors  for  many  generations  have  large  yearly 
milk  records,  and  large  weekly,  monthly  or  yearly  butter  records  if  possible. 
In  connection  with  this  we  should  also  consider  the  individual  excellence  of  the 
ancestors,  as  well  as  the  individual  quality  of  the  animal  to  be  chosen. 

"Beauty  of  form,  finish  and  quality,  can  be  secured  in  connection  with  the 
largest  production,  and  hence  there  is  no  necessity  for  breeding  from  an  over- 
grown, coarse  boned,  lathy,  logy  sire,  even  though  his  ancestors  may  have  been 
great  producers.  We  believe  the  present  demand  for  Holstein-Friesians  is  for 
large  butter  makers,  with  good  milk  records,  animals  of  medium  size,  low, 
blocky,  straight,  compact,  vigorous,  active,  with  strong  constitutions,  of  supe- 
rior quality  and  of  high  finish.  If  these  be  the  desiderata,  then  bulls  should  be 
selected  which  possess  in  a  marked  degree  all  these  qualities.  Care  should  also 
be  taken  to  select  animals  from  families  which  have  been  so  well  established 
that  a  reproduction  of  the  characteristics  desired  may  be  considered  almost  a 
certainty.  We  should  therefore,  in  selecting  a  bull,  make  haste  slowly. 
Study  every  characteristic  of  the  ancestors,  as  well  as  of  the  individual." 

Prof.  John  A.  Craig,  of  the  Wisconsin  Experiment  Station: 

"  The  most  valuable  characteristics  of  the  breeding  of  a  dairy  bull  are  the 
number  and  merit  of  the  performances  that  have  been  made  by  the  cows  that 
enter  into  his  pedigree.  The  most  important  feature  of  this  is  the  degree  to 
which  his  dam  was  a  good  dairy  cow,  and  then  in  lessening  degree  the  merit 
of  his  grandam  and  great  grandam.  Next  to  these  facts  is  the  number  and 
performances  of  the  cows  that  have  been  gotten  by  the  sires  that  enter  into  a 
pedigree.  A  bull  that  has  breeding  of  high  order  based  on  performance  is  as 
certain  as  things  can  be  to  get  good  calves,  provided  as  an  individual  he  is 
satisfactory." 

A.  P.  Foster  : 

"My  earnest  advice  to  dairymen  is  to  use  no  sire  that  is  unable  to  claim 
an  unbroken  line  of  dairy  ancestors,  and,  what  is  better,  prove  his  claim. 
And  right  here  is  found  the  value  of  registration.  Nothing  else  can  be  taken 
as  reliable  for  any  number  of  consecutive  generations.  This,  too,  needs  to 
be  supplemented  by  the  best  obtainable  proof  as  to  the  superior  individual 
qualities  of  his  dam  and  his  sire's  dam.  When  our  herd  books  more  generally 
carry  along  this  kind  of  information,  they  will  become  still  more  valuable." 

Editor  Hoard's  Dairman : 

"  Considering  the  importance  of  the  sire  in  determining  the  dairy  character 
of  his  daughters,  there  is  no  wonder  that  thousands  of  men  are  asking  the 
question:  ''What  are  the  marks  of  a  good  bull?'  The  difficulty  is  still  more 
enhanced  when  one  tries  to  make  the  selection  while  the  animal  is  a  calf. 
Mr.  G.  W.  Farlee,  late  president  of  the  Jersey  Cattle  Club,  in  answering  an 
inquiry  of  this  sort  through  the  Country  Gentleman,  confesses  that  after  an 
experience  of  twenty-five  years  in  breeding,  he  is  unable  to  name  the  external 
points  of  excellence  in  a  bull  save  that  of  constitution,  a  deep  barrel  and 
an  open  twist.  His  greatest  reliance,  however,  is  in  pedigree.  If  the  bull 


THE  SELECTION   OF  A  SIRE.  229 

has  a  long  line  of  ancestors  on  both  sides,  of  decided  dairy  performance  he 
very  sensibly,  we  think,  counts  that  worth  more  than  anything  else.  We 
would  suggest,  however,  that  the  development  of  the  navel  is  a  more  unerring 
indication  of  constitution  or  natural  vitality  than  the  deep  barrel.  In  men  and 
animals  both  we  often  find  specimens  of  wonderful  vigor  and  endurance  who 
are  not  marked  by  large  development  of  the  barrel.  But  we  never  saw  such  an 
instance  where  the  construction  of  the  navel  and  surrounding  walls  of  the 
abdomen  were  weak.  Every  physician  has  noticed  that  where  the  umbilical 
cord  at  birth  was  small  and  weak  the  child  is  correspondingly  low  in  vitality, 
and  usually  it  is  hard  to  raise  such  a  child.  This  shows  that  the  mother  failed  to 
endow  the  foetus  with  sufficient  vitality  because  the  channel  through  which 
that  vitality  is  conveyed  was  weak  and  imperfect.  A  strong  umbilical  devel- 
opment is,  in  our  judgement,  the  surest  indication  of  vital  force  and  endurance, 
or,  as  it  is  generally  called,  constitution." 

V.  E.  Fuller : 

"  If  breeders  and  dairymen  would  only  realize  the  truth  of  the  adage  that 
'the  bull  is  half  the  herd,'  and  how  thoroughly  in  the  course  of  years  the 
blood  and  characteristics  of  the  bull  impregnate  and  dominate  any  herd  wheie 
he  is  used,  there  would  be  more  care  in  the  selection  of  a  breeding  bull  for 
use  in  our  herds. 

"Let  me  make  a  suggestion,  first  of  all,  to  those  who  are  not  raising  thor- 
oughbred herds,  but  are  rather  in  the  dairying  business  for  the  profit  of  the 
cows  either  at  the  pail  or  the  churn.  Use  none  but  a  thoroughbred  bull.  Re- 
member that  the  bull  should  impress  upon  his  get  either  'his  own  likeness  or 
the  likeness  of  an  ancestor,'  but  unless  a  bull  be  extraordinarily  prepotent,  he 
more  often  impresses  upon  his  offspring  a  likeness  of  a  remote  ancestor  rather 
than  give  any  fixed  characteristics  from  himself. 

"Therefore,  in  using  any  bull  it  does  not  follow  that  his  daughters  will  have 
the  characteristics  of  his  dam — the  chances  are  that  his  get  will  partake  more 
closely  in  resemblance  and  characteristics  to  a  more  remote  ancestor  than  the 
dam  of  the  bull.  It  therefore  follows  if  there  be  any  impure  blood  in  the  sire 
used,  there  is  a  chance  that  his  get  may  partake  of  the  'impure'  characteristics 
and  that  he  will  not  impress  upon  his  get  the  sought  for  qualities  to  the  same 
extent  as  if  he  were  pure.  If  you  seek  to  produce  milk  and  milk  only,  without 
regard  to  what  is  contained  in  it,  use  a  bull  of  a  breed  whose  characteristic  is 
to  give  a  large  flow  of  milk,  but  let  it  be  one  of  the  milking  breeds.  If  you  are 
seeking  to  produce  animals  for  the  butcher's  block,  breed  from  a  pure  bull  of 
one  of  the  beef  breeds. 

"To  those  who  are  seeking  to  breed  cows  for  the  dairy,  whether  they  be 
thoroughbred  or  whether  they  be  grades,  I  would  say,  remember  the  adage 
that  'like  produces  like,  or  the  likeness  of  an  ancestor.'  See  that  the  dam  of 
your  bull  that  you  propose  to  use  has  the  characteristics,  in  either  milk  giving 
or  butter  making,  and  in  form  and  size  of  udder,  that  you  desire  to  see  perpet- 
uated in  your  herd;  that  his  grandams  are  possessed  of  like  characteristics  and 
so  back  by  at  least  four  generations.  If  the  female  ancestors  be  possessed  of 
those  characteristics  you  seek  to  have  perpetuated  in  your  herd,  then  you  may 
be  reasonably  assured  that  the  bull  will,  when  coupled  properly  with  desirable 
dams,  produce  you  satisfactory  offspring. 

"To  those  using  what  is  known  as  an  'inbred  sire,'  namely,  one  inbred  to  a 
common  ancestor  on  the  part  of  both  sire  and  dam,  bear  in  mind  that  while  the 
bull  so  inbred  will  probably  have  the  ability  to  fix  the  characteristics  of  the 
common  ancestor  to  whom  he  is  inbred,  he  will  as  surely  fix  and  exaggerate  the 
undesirable  features  of  the  ancestor  as  he  will  desirable  ones.  Therefore  it  is 
especially  necessary  to  see  that  the  ancestor  to  whom  he  is  inbred,  or  his 
descendants  through  whom  your  bull  traces  to  him,  be  not  possessed  of  charac- 
teristics that  you  do  not  desire  to  perpetuate  in  your  cows." 


CHAPTER  XXVI. 

PREPARING  FOR  THE  SHOW  RING. 

''The  condition  of  stock  shown  at  fairs  always  has  a  marked  influence  on 
judges  and  no  exhibitor  can  afford  to  neglect  showing  his  stock  in  the  most 
favorable  light,"  says  the  Agricultural  Gazette. 

"Grooming  is  as  necessary  with  show  cattle  as  with  horses  ;  that  is,  if  the 
cattle  are  to  be  shown  in  perfection.  In  the  case  of  cattle,  grooming  need  not 
be  commenced  until  within  three  months  of  the  date  of  the  show.  The  cattle, 
it  is  presumed,  have  for  some  time  previous  been  well  fed  and  kept  in  clean 
lairs.  In  this  condition  to  begin  with,  three  months'  grooming  should  put  them 
in  form. 

"Cattle,  it  is  true,  come  into  the  show  yard  with  all  kinds  of  coats,  some 
with  long  hair,  others  short,  and,  worse  than  all,  some  with  the  hair  partly  off. 
But  half  the  game  in  showing  cattle  is  in  having  them  good  in  their  coats,  and 
stock  owners  who  fail  to  handle  their  animals  so  as  to  make  them  look  their 
very  best,  need  not  expect  to  win  against  those  who  do.  When  the  show  hap- 
pens to  be  about  mid-summer,  the  spring  shedding  of  the  coat  will  save  the 
trouble  of  having  to  take  it  off  by  other  means,  but  when  the  exhibitions  take 
place  late  or  early  in  the  year,  then  we  adopt  measures  to  cause  the  hair  to 
shed  and  the  new  hair  to  be  again  well  up,  and  shining  like  the  new  spring 
coat,  even  in  mid-winter. 

"Provide  a  good  warm  rug,  the  same  as  are  used  for  horse  clothing,  and 
about  three  months  previous  to  the  show  put  one  on  each  of  the  animals  to  be 
prepared.  The  rugs  do  not  require  to  be  on  all  the  time,  but  as  much  as  pos- 
sible, and  may  be  taken  off  during  the  night,  or  when  the  cattle  go  to  pasture, 
or  are  turned  out  into  the  yards  for  exercise,  when  they  are  apt  to  get  torn. 
If  the  blankets  are  kept  on  about  twelve  or  fourteen  hours  daily  they  will  soon 
do  their  work  in  taking  the  old  hair  off.  A  good  washing  with  carbolic  soap 
and  tepid  water  should  be  given  at  the  commencement  of  the  sheeting.  This 
will  help  to  lessen  the  dandruff  in  the  hide.  Once  a  month  will  be  often  enough 
to  wash  if  the  bedding  be  well  looked  after.  There  is  a  great  difference  in  -the 
skins  of  cattle  for  being  easily  cleaned.  Some  are  rough  and  so  full  of  dandruff 
that  it  needs  special  means  to  get  them  into  good  condition.  An  extra  wash- 
ing, however,  and  a  heavier  blanket  will  help  to  smooth  them  down,  and  with  a 
little  oil  rubbed  in  will  soon  raise  all  the  scurf  clean  off  the  skin.  Until  the  scurf 
be  thoroughly  got  rid  of,  the  coat  will  never  shine.  It  takes  rubbing  and  brush- 
ing, brushing  and  rubbing,  day  after  day,  and  a  great  amount  of  elbow  grease 
to  put  on  the  shine.  Cattle  have  far  finer  coats  and  take  a 'brighter  polish 
than  horses ;  yet  we  generally  see  horses  brighter-coated  than  cattle.  The  rea- 
son is,  the  cattle  do  not  get  the  same  amount  of  rubbing. 

"  A  dandy  brush,  a  soft  brush  and  a  chamois  skin  are  the  tools  required  for 
putting  on  the  polish.  The  skin  becomes  soft  under  this  treatment,  and  a  curry 
comb  should  never  be  used  but  for  the  purpose  of  combing  down  the  hips  when 
necessary,  as  the  comb,  unless  very  lightly  applied,  is  certain  to  scratch  and 
irritate  the  skin.  In  rubbing  down  with  the  cloth,  it  must  be  done  quickly. 
The  friction  raises  a  certain  amount  of  heat  on  the  surface  of  the  thing  pol- 
ished, and  this  heat  is  the  main  agent  in  putting  on  the  shine.  It  takes  an 
enormous  amount  of  rubbing  to  make  the  skin  of  cattle  shine,  but  nothing  else 
will  do  it. 

"For  putting  on  the  final  touch,  no  brush  or  cloth  can  equal  the  bare  hand. 
The  heat  of  the  hand  is  more  effective  than  that  produced  by  friction  with  a 
brush  or  cloth,  and  as  a  man  can  rub  considerably  quicker  without  either  of 
these  appliances,  the  bare  palms  make  the  best  polishing  paste  that  can  be  used. 
Hand  rubbing  will  also  take  off  the  old  hair  quicker  than  either  comb  or  brush. 
It  is  not  easy  to  say  when  grooming  is  perfect,  but  when  the  skin  will  no 
longer  soil  a  white  kid  glove  with  either  dust  or  hair  there  is  not  much  to  com- 
plain of.  This  condition  is  not,  however,  reached  without  many  days  of  careful 
sheeting  and  rubbing.  Some  fancy  they  can,  with  one  washing  and  a  few 

(231) 


232 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE 


times  groomed,  do  all  that  can  be  done  ;  buc  it  is  a  mistake.  There  is  the  great- 
est difference  imaginable  between  the  one  that  has  been  prepared  by  months 
of  labor  and  the  other  hastily  got  up.  The  one  article  is  genuine,  and  will  last; 
the  other  will  fade  between  the  stall  and  the  ring." 

A.  C.  Hallman  : 

"  In  order  to  be  a  successful  exhibitor  a  man  must  have  the  proper  quali- 
fications. He  should  be  a  good  judge  of  cattle,  be  punctual  in  all  his  doings, 
pay  strict  attention  to  the  little  details,  have  a  proper  method  of  doing  things, 
and  a  love  for  what  he  is  undertaking. 

"It  is  generally  supposed  that  a  successful  exhibitor  has  some  secret  method 
of  doing  things ;  such  is  not  the  case ;  it's  the  right  man  at  the  right  place, 
with  the  proper  conditions.  He  should  have  a  thorough  knowledge  of  what  he 
is  undertaking.  The  selection  of  proper  animals  for  their  different  classes  is 
very  important.  It  is  a  waste  of  time  and  feed  to  fit  an  animal  not  suited  for 
its  class. 

"  Blood  will  tell.  See  that  your  cattle  have  a  good  lineage.  Select  them 
from  a  line  of  ancestors  that  have  been  successful  prize  winners,  heavy  per- 
formers and  rich  milkers.  It  is  the  '  breedy  '  looking  animal  with  careful  fit- 
ting that  wins.  Have  some  fixed  standard,  then  model  after  it.  The  females 
should  be  a  very  select  lot  of  the  true  type  at  which  you  are  aiming,  with  rich 
breeding ;  but  the  male  is  the  most  important  factor  :  he  must  have  rich  blood 
coursing  through  his  veins,  he  should  be  very  symmetrical  and  have  a  vigorous 
constitution,  with  strong  conformation,  and  be"  of  the  type  you  are  aiming  to 
breed  ;  if  he  has  the  correct  breeding  and  is  of  the  right  stamp  individually, 
he  is  almost  sure  to  strongly  impress  his  mark  on  his  offspring.  Remember,  he 
is  the  fountain  head  of  your  show  animals.  One  mistake  in  the  selection  of  a 
sire  will  cripple  a  herd  for  years.  Get  the  best,  it  is  always  the  cheapest. 

"We  now  begin  with  the  calf,  for  in  it  lies  the  future  prize  winner.  We 
suppose  the  breeding  is  correct.  We  have  no  different  method  for  show  ani- 
mals except  for  the  last  two  months.  If  cattle  are  kept  as  they  ought  to  be 
that  length  of  time  is  quite  sufficient  for  fitting  dairy  cattle.  I  might  also  add 
that  I  never  turn  show  calves  out  to  pasture.  Our  calves  are  weaned  from 


TRITOMIA,  No.  4004  H.  H.  B.;  252  ADVANCED  REGISTRY. 

Imported.  Milk  record,  74  Ibs.  8  oz.  in  one  day;  2,062  Ibs.  8  oz.  in  thirty-one  days.  Butter 
record,  25  Ibs.  8  4-5  oz.  in  seven  days.  First  prize  as  best  butter  cow  at  Minnesota, 
1886.  Later  private  butter  test,  3  Ibs.  12  oz.  in  one  day;  36  Ibs.  11  oz.  in  seven  days. 


PREPARING  FOR  THE  SHOWjRING. 


2331 


their  dams  at  from  one  to  three  days  old  ;  fed  on  their  mothers'  milk  three  times 
a  day  for  one  week,  twice  a  day  after  that.  We  continue  to  feed  new  milk  for 
three  weeks,  then  make  a  gradual  change  to  sweet  skim  ;  as  we  start  to  change 
we  add  a  little  oil  meal,  scalded,  with  enough  water  added  to  heat  the  milk  to 
blood  temperature ;  as  the  new  milk  is  withdrawn  the  oil  meal  is  increased  in 
such  proportions  as  to  make  a  good  substitute  for  the  cream.  Sweet  hay  is 
placed  before  them  and  often  changed.  Bran  is  put  in  a  box  when  they  can  eat, 
but  this  also  must  be  often  changed.  As  soon  as  they  learn  to  eat  nicely  only 
so  much  is  given  as  will  be  eaten  up  clean.  A  little  meal  is  added  at  three 
weeks  old.  One  part  peas,  one  part  oats,  and  one  part  barley,  the  other  part 
bran,  forms  a  very  good  mixture  for  calves,  given  three  times  a  day  in  such 
quantities  as  will  be  eaten  up  clean  before  the  next  meal.  Never  allow  food  in 
a  manger  over  one  meal,  give  less.  Pulped  roots  should  also  be  given,  or  ensil- 
age, enough  to  keep  the  bowels  nice  and  open.  Feed  enough  milk  and  oil  cake, 
scalded,  twice  a  day  so  that  they  need  no  other  drink  except  for  the  noon  meal; 
give  water  as  the  calf  grows  older  and  the  weather  warm.  At  six  months  old 
all  our  calves  are  weaned  except  our  show  calves.  They  are  now  carefully 
looked  over  and  the  ones  coming  nearest  to  our  ideal  are  fitted  for  the  show  ; 
in  this  we  use  no  forcing  system.  Our  calves  now  eat  well ;  the  milk  is  con- 
tinued till  after  the  exhibitions.  The  meal  ration  is  a  little  changed,  a  little 
more  concentrated  food  added,  but  always  feed  half  bran.  They  can  eat  as 
much  as  they  like  and  it  will  never  hurt  them.  Our  object  is  not  to  get  them 
fat,  but  in  good  condition,  to  keep  them  vigorous  and  growing,  form  lots  of 
bone  and  muscle,  and  have  a  nice  loose,  mellow  skin  with  soft  hair.  The  age  I 
consider  most  suitable  for  showing  calves  is  from  seven  to  nine  months  old. 

"  Yearling  heifers  if  raised  in  the  manner  described,  and  kept  well  through 
the  winter,  require  nothing  but  good  pasture  and  plenty  of  water  until  the  first 
of  July  or  later  if  in  good  condition.  We  have  repeatedly  taken  heifers  out  of 
pasture,  with  little  or  no  fitting,  and  won  honor  prizes.  When  pasture  is  scant, 
four  quarts  meal,  two  parts  peas,  two  parts  oats,  one  part  bran,  and  one  part 
oil  cake  will  soon  put  them  in  good  shape,  with  fodder  corn  added  (we  also 
like  fodder  corn  for  the  calves  as  soon  as  in  season).  The  best  age  to  show  a 
yearling  is  about  twenty  months  old,  bred  to  be  starting  to  spring  at  show 
time.  Two  year-olds  need  careful  attention  ;  they  should  be  in  good  condition 
before  calving,  which  should  be  in  the  end  of  June  ;  this  will  give  them  a  grand 


234  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 

chance  to  build  up  on  the  succulent  pasture,  and  sufficient  time  after  to  get  in 
nice  shape  for  exhibition.  When  in  milk  they  should  be  fed  twice  a  day  in 
sufficient  quantities  as  to  keep  up  the  flow  of  milk  and  the  system.  In  older 
animals  the  object  should  be  almost  the  same  as  with  young  animals — to  keep 
them  in  good,  healthy  condition,  and  if  pasture  becomes  scarce,  add  other  foods 
to  keep  up  the  condition  and  the  flow  of  milk.  We  don't  want  dairy  animals 
(females)  to  enter  the  ring  fat  (it  tells  against  them),  but  in  nice  condition,  and 
in  the  pink  of  health ;  they  must  look  thrifty.  To  strike  a  medium  is  about 
right.  I  have  seen  dairy  cattle  too  thin  for  exhibition.  Such  animals  should 
never  be  brought  out ;  they  are  a  disgrace  to  the  breed  and  breeder.  While  we 
allow  cows  heavy  in  milk  to  be  rather  thin,  it  will  not  do  with  young  stock. 
The  public  will  judge  the  breed,  not  the  conditions. 

"Males  should  be  in  good  condition  always;  however,  not  too  beefy.  Feed 
to  keep  a  good  coat  and  rich,  mellow  skin.  Give  exercise,  but  not  to  excess ; 
keep  the  feet  in  proper  trim.  Bulls  will  not  thrive  when  their  feet  are  sore, 
and  they  soon  will  become  sore  if  care  is  not  taken.  They  should  be  laid  down, 
and  trimmed  from  the  bottom.  Wash  cattle  with  soap  and  water  thoroughly, 
rinse  well,  and  blanket,  a  day  before  going  to  exhibition.  We  never  use  a 
blanket  before.  If  an  animal's  coat  won't  get  in  proper  shape  for  the  ring  after 


TIRA.NNIA. 

a  few  days'  blanketing  there  is  something  wrong  and  it  should  be  left  at  home. 
However,  grooming  will  always  help  to  make  them  comfortable  and  improve 
their  coats,  and  cattle  that  are  stabled  should  be  groomed  regularly. 

"  In  conclusion,  would  say,  make  the  right  selection  ;  show  your  cattle  in 
a  good,  healthy  condition  ;  aim  not  to  have  them  too  fat ;  while  we  allow  it 
with  males,  it  is  never  admissible  with  females.  If  a  dairy  animal  has  the 
proper  treatment  from  calfhood,  and  the  correct  breeding,  there  is  no  reason 
why  any  animal  intended  for  breeding  purposes  should  be  ruined  by  being  fit- 
ted for  exhibition.  The  aim  and  object  should  always  be  to  secure  early 
development,  but  not  to  impair  their  future  usefulness. 

"  Much  as  I  admire  the  care  and  attention  of  the  skillful  breeder  and  feeder 
whose  sole  object  is  to  promote  growth  and  pile  on  flesh,  and  much  as  I 
admire  the  results  of  such  labor,  I  question  very  much  if  it  pays  even  with  the 
beef  breeds,  while  it  surely  will  injure  their  future  usefulness  as  breeders. 
The  best  breed  and  most  valuable  animal  is  often  ruined  as  a  breeder,  while 
the  milking  qualities  are  surely  injured  and  often  destroyed.  Dairy  cattle 
must  be  judged  on  points.  Any  man  that  does  not  judge  in  that  way  has  no 


PREPARING  FOR  THE  SHOW  RING. 


235 


business  in  the  ring  ;  he  must  have  a  thorough  knowledge  of  what  he  is  under- 
taking, and  do  it  skillfully." 

W.  M.  Benninger: 

"In  order  to  prepare  a  herd  for  the  show  ring  you  must  first  have  the  ani- 
mals to  prepare,  and  this  is  the  keynote  to  the  whole  business.  One  must  be 
an  expert  judge  of  cattle,  or  employ  an  expert  to  select  the  animals.  The 
selection  must  not  be  made  to  suit  a  particular  person's  fancy,  but  must  be  all 
'round  first-class  individuals  that  will  score  as  near  as  possible  100  on  the  scale 
of  points  adopted  by  the  association  of  the  breed  you  wish  to  show.  Be  sure  to 
have  a  bull  to  show  in  the  aged  class.  If  you  win  first  in  this  class,  you  have 
won  half  the  battle. 

"The  preparing  should  be  done  continually,  commence  immediately  after 
you  come  in  from  the  last  fair  or  show  in  fall  to  get  ready  for  the  next  season. 

"The  main  feature  is  plenty  of  good  food,  comfortable  quarters,  good  clean 
water,  and  extra  care  and  attention.  A  show  herd  should  be  thoroughly 
cleaned  every  day,  plenty  of  arm  muscle  work  with  the  brush  should  be  used, 
and  the  stables  kept  perfectly  clean.  The  herd  should  be  kept  in  a  cool  barn 


UNCLE  TOM,  No.  163  H.  H.  B.  . 

Weight,  2290  Ibs.    First  prize  at  New  York  State  Fair  and  Onondaga  County  Fair  for  four 

successive  years. 

during  the  hot  hours  of  the  day,  with  thin  blankets  on  them  during  the  fly  sea- 
son, and  should  go  to  pasture  and  exercise  at  night.  Plenty  of  good,  fresh 
grain  is  the  best  feed  that  can  be  fed. 

"In  the  young  class  select  animals  as  old  as  you  can  get  them;  that  is,  in 
the  class  for  calves  select  one  as  near  a  year  old  as  possible,  and  so  on  till  you 
get  to  the  aged  class;  then  a  bull  from  three  to  six  years  generally  in  his  prime, 
a  cow  may  be  shown  that  is  older,  say  from  six  to  twelve  years. 

"Let  me  here  emphasize,  be  sure  to  have  the  herd  in  good  condition,  the 
animals  of  strong  constitutions  and  large  frames.  By  saying  in  good  condition, 
I  do  not  mean  fat  like  the  beef  breeds,  or  so  fat  that  you  would  injure  the  dairy 
points,  but  in  fair,  good  flesh.  I  even  saw  Mr.  T.  W.  Cooper  select,  or  prefer, 
at  the  New  York  State  Fair  at  Syracuse,  Jerseys  in  extra  good  condition  with 
strong  constitution  in  preference  to  the  finer,  slick,  so-called  dairy  type. 
?"^" I  am  pleased  to  note  that  some  of  the  most  intelligent  breeders  of  all  the 
dairy  breeds  are  now  trying  for  Holstein  frames  and  constitutions,  even  if  some 
editors  of  leading  dairy  journals  criticise  expert  judges  for  favoring  dairy  cat- 
tle in  good  condition. 

"In  conclusion,  let  me  say  when  you  appear  in  the  ring  be  sure  that  you  are 


236 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


in  good  shape,  horns  polished,  hoofs  trimmed,  your  animals  perfectly  clean  and 
well  broken,  and  show  them  in  a  natural  position,  standing  a  little  high  in 
front.  Answer. all  questions  asked  by  the  judge  correctly  and  honestly,  and 
never  kick  if  you  don't  win;  if  you  do,  you  generally  kick  yourself  the  most. 
Cows  in  milk  should  always  be  shown  with  a  well-filled,  square  udder,  which 
greatly  adds  to  the  general  appearance." 

O.  P.  Thompson,  manager  Home  Farm  herd: 

"While  our  experience  in  showing  has  not  been  so  extensive  as  that  of 
some  others,  it  has  been  exceedingly  varied,  as  we  have  exhibited  at  state 
fairs  when  we  were  awarded  practically  no  premiums,  as  well  as  when  we 
secured  nearly  every  prize  for  which  we  had  an  entry.  The  first  year  we 
made  a  showing  at  the  Iowa  State  Fair,  in  1884,  I  think.  We  selected  as  cows 
only  those  that  were  rolling  fat  at  the  time,  and  necessarily  such  cows  were 
dry  and  had  been  for  some  time  previous,  or  were  always  very  poor  milkers. 
That  they  were  pretty,  fat,  sleek,  and  world  beaters  in  the  eyes  of  a  novice,  none 


VASELINE,  No.  15,923  H.  F.  H.  B. 

Winner  first  prize  as  butter  cow,  Michigan  State  Fair,  1895,  4.59  Ibs.  butter;  also  second  prize, 
Ohio,  1893,  2.70  Ibs.  butter  in  one  day. 

could  gainsay,  but  that  year  these  state  fairs  had  as  judges  experts  who  were 
worthy  of  the  name,  than  whom  there  are  none  better — S.  N.  Wright,  at  Iowa, 
and  W.  D.  Hoard,  of  Minnesota.  As  at  both  these  fairs  we  had  in  compe- 
tition with  us  Holsteins  of  the  strict  dairy  type  that  were  shown  in  mod- 
erate flesh,  thus  not  having  the  dairy  points  covered  up  with  fat,  and  the  cows 
in  full  flow  of  milk,  we  got  practically  nothing  in  the  way  of  premiums  and 
scarcely  enough  to  pay  our  freight.  After  the  premiums  were  awarded  at 
Minnesota  the  writer  hereof  requested  Mr.  Hoard  (he  had  not  at  that  time 
been  Governor  of  Wisconsin),  if  he  would  have  the  kindness  to  tell  us  why 
he  awarded  us  so  few  prizes.  He  answered  by  saying  that  we  were  exhibiting 
in  the  wrong  ring;  that  if  we  should  go  over  among  the  beef  breeds  we  would 
stand  a  much  better  chance  of  winning.  This  was  the  last  time  we  showed 
cattle  in  high  flesh.  I  was  much  surprised  lately  in  reading  a  communication 
from  a  leading  breeder  of  Holstein-Friesian  cattle  to  note  that  he  recommended 
for  exhibition  cattle  in  high  flesh.  This  may  be  all  right  if  you  are  to  exhibit 
at  county  fairs  or  even  at  state  fairs  when  they  have  picked  up  judges,  usually 


238  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

three  of  them,  and  when  the  crowd  practically  decides  the  honors;  but  I 
want  to  say  that  when  you  face  such  judges  as  those  named  above  you  want 
to  have  dairy  cattle  in  dairy  condition. 

"Before  again  starting  out  with  a  show  herd  we  secured  the  cows  Jewel, 
Jewel  2d,  and  Colantha,  when  in  their  prime,  and  filled  out  our  show  herd  with 
selections  of  cattle  of  their  type.  In  those  days  the  big  money  was  hung  for 
herd  to  consist  of  one  male  and  four  females  over  three  years  of  age. 

"These  three  cows,  together  with  Rijaneta  and  Bettina,  made  us  almost 
impregnable  on  cows,  and  they  were  always  able  to  carry  our  bull  with  them. 
We  were  a  little  weak  on  bull  until  a  son  of  Jewel  3d  arrived  at  an  age  when 
he  could  be  shown  with  the  herd.  At  this  time  every  animal  in  our  show  herd 
was  of  the  strictly  dairy  type. 

' '  It  would  take  up  too  much  of  your  valuable  space  to  enumerate  all  the 
premiums  won  by  Home  Farm  during  the  seasons  of  1889  and  1890.  Suffice  it 
to  say  we  came  home  at  the  end  of  the  season  of  1889  with  $1,300  and  in  1890 
with  $1,800  above  all  expenses. 

"Those  were  the  years  when  public  butter  tests  were  so  popular  at  the  lead- 
ing Western  state  fairs  and  we  also  made  entries  therein.  In  thirteen  such 
tests  we  won  first  prize  twelve  times. 

' '  We  aim  to  have  our  cattle  perfectly  broken  to  halter  and  trained  to  stand 
squarely  on  their  feet  with  heads  erect  and  to  stand  quiet.  Those  to  be  shown 
as  a  herd  are  frequently  led  into  line  at  home  and  made  to  stand  just  as  they 
are  expected  to  when  the  trying  time  comes,  in  order. 

"  With  such  a  judge  as  Mr.  Wright  no  cow  with  a  defective  udder  or  teats 
stands  any  chance  of  winning  no  matter  how  superior  she  may  be  in  other 
points.  We  are  also  much  in  favor  of  his  way  of  selecting  the  best  cows. 
After  standing  them  all  in  line  he  selects  perhaps  one-half  of  them  and  advances 
them  to  another  line  just  in  front,  and  those  in  the  back  row  might  just  as  well 
go  to  their  stalls.  This  front  row  is  again  selected  from  and  advanced  as  before 
and  so  on  until  the  best  three  or  four  cows  stand  in  the  front  row,  and  to  them 
are  awarded  the  premiums.  In  this  way  the  public  can  learn  something  of 
the  comparative  value  of  the  cows. 

"  The  main  point  in  making  an  exhibit  is  to  advertise  your  herd  and  hence 
you  should  at  all  times  have  some  one  in  attendance  whose  business  it  is  to 
answer  questions  and  who  is  well  informed  as  to  the  entire  herd,  both  those  on 
exhibition  and  at  home.  Be  on  the  lookout  for  possible  customers.  Talk  up 
your  own  cattle,  but  do  not  try  to  build  up  merit  for  them  by  depreciating  the 
good  points  of  other  breeds.  In  fact  if  an  exhibitor  has  had  no  experience 
sufficient  to  justify  him  in  expressing  an  opinion,  he  had  best  refer  all  inquiries 
as  to  them  to  their  respective  breeders." 

H.  B.  Daggett : 

"In  entering  cows  for  public  tests,  breeders  should  give  the  cows  a  chance 
to  win,  and  not  put  them  out  of  the  race  before  it  begins — by  this  I  mean  the 
bad  management  after  reaching  the  grounds.  Nearly  any  of  the  breeders  will 
start  from  home  with  their  cows  in  good  fix  ;  if  they  will  then  cut  down  the 
feed  while  on  board  the  cars  they  will  do  a  wise  act,  as  the  jar  and  confine- 
ment will  tend  to  produce  scours.  But  it  is  after  reaching  the  fair  grounds 
that  the  trouble  usually  occurs  ;  when  they  look  over  the  opposition  their  hearts 
fail  them  and  in  goes  the  feed,  here  is  where  you  make  a  mistake.  Don't  crowd 
your  cows ;  let  the  other  fellow  do  that,  and  he  generally  does  it  too.  I  am 
sure  more  premiums  have  been  lost  by  over  than  under  feeding.  As  to  a  ration, 
will  say  that  only  the  intelligent  feeder  can  tell  the  amount  to  be  given  to  each 
animal ;  it  may  consist  of  equal  parts  by  measure  of  bran  and  ground  corn  and 
oats  with  good  clover  hay  and  ensilage  of  green  corn,  if  it  can  be  had." 


AUGUSTINE   R.  AYERS. 


SOME  AMERICAN  BREEDERS. 


AUGUSTINE  R.  AYERS,  North  Boscawen,  N.  H.  The  dairy  interest  in  New 
Hampshire  has  grown  in  importance  to  a  wonderful  extent  in  the  past  few 
years,  in  both  the  milk  and  butter-producing  lines,  so  that  the  attention  of  the 
progressive  farmers  of  the  state  has  been  called  to  the  matter  of  improved 
stock,  and  the  Holsteins  have  come  in  for  a  generous  share  of  consideration 
and  approval. 

Among  dairymen  adopting  this  breed  is  Augustine  R.  Ayers,  of  North  Bos- 
cawen, N.  H.,  an  enthusiastic  milk  producer,  who  is  now  wholesaling  his  pro- 
duct to  dealers  in  Concord  in  preference  to  selling  at  the  cars  for  the  Boston 
market,  as  a  majority  of  the  producers  in  that  section  of  the  state  are  doing. 

Mr.  Ayers  is  a  native  of  Gilmanton,  N.  H.,  born  December  28,  1839,  but  he 
spent  his  childhood  and  youth  on  a  farm  in  the  town  of  Canterbury,  manifest- 
ing in  this  early  period  of  his  career  a  strong  love  for  domestic  animals  and 
adapting  himself  with  special  readiness  to  the  training  of  colts  and  steers, 
milking  the  cows  and  caring  for  lambs  and  poultry.  Before  attaining  man- 
hood, however,  he  was  impelled  by  various  considerations  to  devote  himself  to 
mercantile  life  in  the  city  of  Concord,  which  he  followed  in  different  lines — 
with  the  exception  of  a  term  of  service  in  the  Union  army  in  the  late  war  as 
a  member  of  the  Fifteenth  Regiment,  New  Hampshire  Volunteers — from  the 
age  of  eighteen  until  1890.  Feeling  the  need  of  a  change  for  the  benefit  of  his 
health,  and  inspired  by  his  early  love  for  farm  life,  he  determined  to  engage  in 
agriculture.  His  love  for  good  horses  had  been  indulged  to  considerable  extent 
while  in  business  in  Concord,  and  upon  commencing  farm  operations  upon  the 
old  Jacob  Gerrish  place  at  North  Boscawen,  which  came  into  his  possession 
practically  as  an  abandoned  farm,  he  first  turned  his  attention  to  the  breeding 
of  trotting  horses,  which  he  pursued  with  a  fair  measure  of  success  for  two  or 
three  years;  but  with  the  decline  in  horses  he  determined  to  change  to  the 
dairy. 

His  attention  being  directed  favorably  to  the  Holstein-Friesian  cattle, 
through  ex-Governor  Goodell  and  others,  and  being  favorably  impressed  with 
their  beautiful  form  and  size,  great  dairy  capacity,  uniform  health  and  strong 
constitution,  he  procured  a  few  good  registered  animals  of  this  breed  from  the 
Russell  importation,  and  has  steadily  increased  and  improved  his  herd.  He 
has  now  about  thirty-five  head  altogether,  including  some  very  fine  specimens 
of  the  Netherland,  Pauline  Paul  and  Pietertje  families.  His  bull,  Jean  Paul, 
two  years  of  age,  is  a  splendid  animal,  a  great-grandson  of  Pauline  Paul,  and 
won  a  premium  at  the  New  Hampshire  Grange  State  Fair  at  Tilton,  last  fall. 

Mr.  Ayers  milks  about  eighteen  cows,  giving  them  ordinary  care  and  no 
fancy  feeding,  making  no  effort  for  extra  records.  Yet  some  of  his  cows  have 
averaged  600  cans  of  milk  each  per  annum,  and  one  lias  given  81  Ibs.  in  twenty- 
four  hours. 

The  farm,  which  embraces  275  acres  altogether,  is  finely  located  on  the  line 
of  the  Boston  &  Maine  Railroad,  Concord  Division,  just  above  the  Merrimack 
County  Farm  at  North  Boscawen,  bordering  on  the  west  bank  of  the  Merrimack 
river,  and  extending  back  upon  the  hill  a  mile  and  a  half,  with  seventy-five 
acres  of  easily-tilled  river  land,  and  the  balance  pasture  and  woodland.  When 
Mr.  Ayers  took  possession  it  was  in  a  neglected  and  run-down  condition,  but  by 
care  and  labor  he  has  greatly  improved  it,  and  already  has  forty  acres  in  supe- 
rior condition.  He  has  eleven  acres  in  corn  this  year,  and  several  acres  in  oats 
and  potatoes,  having  raised  from  300  to  1,200  bushels  of  the  latter  each  year 
since  he  has  been  on  the  farm. 

He  has  built  a  new  100-foot  barn  with  cellar  under  the  whole,  and  a  large 

(241) 


E.  T.   BEDELL. 


SOME  AMERICAN  BREEDERS.  243 

poultry  house  and  carthouse,  and  has  put  in  a  silo  of  seventy-five  tons  capacity. 
He  puts  his  corn  into  the  silo  after  breaking  off  the  best  ears.  In  feeding  he 
gives  one  ration  of  hay  and  one  of  ensilage  each  day,  and  a  supplementary  feed 
of  gluten,  linseed,  bran,  and  corn  and  cobmeal  combined. 

Mr.  Ayers  is  an  earnest  worker,  pushing  whatever  he  undertakes  with  vigor. 
He  keeps  eight  horses,  and  they  are  generally  busily  employed,  with  two  or 
three  men,  besides  his  son  and  himself,  at  work  on  the  place.  He  is  an  enthu- 
siastic member  of  the  order  Patrons  of  Husbandry,  having  joined  Capital 
Grange,  at  Concord,  ten  years  ago,  and  transferred  his  membership  to  Ezekiel 
Webster  Grange,  of  Bosca'wen,  after  his  removal.  He  is  at  present  overseer  of 
the  latter  grange,  while  his  wife  is  secretary,  and  his  eldest  son,  John  R.,  is 
assistant  steward.  Mr.  Ayers  is  also  a  member  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Asso- 
ciation of  America. 

MR.  E.  T.  BEDELL  of  Springville,  la.,  was  born  in  the  state  of  New  York  in 
1852.  He  came  to  the  then  pioneer  state  of  Iowa  as  a  two-year-old  and  has 
lived  in  Linn  county,  Iowa,  ever  since,  or  over  forty-two  years.  When  the 
Bedell  family  settled  here,  there  was  not  a  railroad  west  of  the  Mississippi 
river  ;  now  the  Belmont  Stock  Farm  lies  almost  in  sight  of  two  of  the  greatest 
roads  in  America,  viz.:  The  Chicago  &  Northwestern  R.  R.  and  the  Chicago, 
Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  R.  R. 

Mr.  Bedell  was  the  youngest  of  a  family  of  seven  children,  and,  his  parents 
being  in  limited  circumstances,  he  was  early  taught  the  necessity  of  persever- 
ance and  self-reliance  and  to  make  the  best  of  the  hardships  and  privations 
incidental  to  any  one  starting  in  a  new  country  ;  and  having  a  fair  share  of 
Western  pluck  and  "  get  there  "  in  his  make-up,  he  was  capable,  at  his  father's 
death — which  occurred  when  Mr.  Bedell  was  in  his  seventeenth  year — to  take 
the  management  of  his  father's  farm  and  run  it  successfully.  This  he  did  for 
about  ten  years. 

In  1880  he  bought  the  farm  he  now  occupies,  comprising  nearly  a  quarter 
section,  which  has  since  taken  on  the  name  of  "  Belmont  Stock  Farm."  A  firm 
believer  in  tile  draining  and  good  cultivating,  he  at  once  began  to  improve  this 
farm  by  building  good  fences  and  draining  all  the  wet  land  and  also  building  a 
large  and  commodious  barn  and  other  out-buildings,  and.  today  the  farm  is  one 
of  the  best  improved  and  most  valuable  in  the  country. 

Mr.  Bedell  was  always  a  lover  of  fine  stock.  In  1888  he  started  out  to 
acquire  a  herd  of  Holsteins.  Steadily  the  herd  increased  in  number  and  value, 
and  now  it  is  considered  one  of  the  best  in  the  state.  It  is  at  the  present  time 
headed  by  one  of  the  grandest  bred  Holstein  bulls  in  the  world,  whose  dam  has 
a  record  of  33£  Ibs.  of  butter  in  one  week.  Six  cows  in  the  herd  have  an  average 
record  of  over  90  Ibs.  of  milk  in  one  day,  and  an  average  yield  of  over  26  Ibs.  of 
butter  in  one  week. 

The  foundation  stock  of  this  herd  was  purchased  at  a  great  price,  but  it  has 
been  a  profitable  investment  to  the  owner.  There  has  been  shipped  from  this 
herd,  cows,  bulls  and  heifers  to  many  states  of  the  Union.  There  is  evidently 
no  place  in  the  Union  better  adapted  to  the  growing  of  fine  cattle  than  the 
state  of  Iowa. 

MR.  W.  M.  BENNINGER  of  Walnutport,  Pa.,  was  born  at  Lehigh  Gap,  Lehigh 
county,  Pa.,  in  1854.  In  the  same  year  his  parents  moved  across  the  Lehigh 
river  to  Lehigh  Township,  Northampton  county,  Pa.,  where  he  has  since 
remained,  and  where  his  noted  stock  farm,  nursery  and  creameries  are  located. 
In  addition  to  a  common-school  education  he  attended  one  term  of  the  Key- 
stone State  Normal  School. 

He  was  raised  and  worked  on  his  father's  farm  up  to  1873,  when  he  started 
on  the  road  as  a  nursery  agent,  selling  trees.  In  1874  he  started  in  the  nursery 
business  as  a  dealer,  employing  quite  a  number  of  agents,  and  met  with  great 
success,  making  increased  sales  over  the  same  territory  every  year;  continuing 
in  this  till  1885,  when  he  partly  abandoned  the  retail  department  of  the  busi- 
ness, having  then  become  widely  recognized  in  furnishing  the  Grange  and  Alli- 
ance in  Pennsylvania  and  a  number  of  other  states  with  nursery  stock.  In  the 
same  year  he  made  his  first  investment  in  Holstein-Friesian  cattle,  making  his 
first  purchase  from  James  Black  and  Mr.  Cole  of  New  York  state.  He  after- 
wards purchased  some  of  the  finest  specimens  from  different  breeders,  and  in 


W.   M.   BENNINGER. 


SOME  AMERICAN  BREEDERS.  245 

1893  bought  two  carloads — a  first  selection — from  the  noted  Maple  wood 
herd  at  Attica,  N.  Y.,  amongst  them  the  noted  bulls  Parthenea's  Sir  Henry  and 
Sir  Jewel  Echo  Mechtchilde;  also,  the  famous  cows  Paladin,  Cynthiana,  Aaggie 
Hopeful,  Alexina,  Carl  Henry's  Beatitude,  and  others. 

Mr.  Benninger  has  made  special  personal  efforts  in  fitting  up  a  show  herd 
with  remarkable  success,  winning  over  three-fourths  of  the  premiums  competed 
for,  and  exhibiting  at  such  fairs  as  Trenton,  N.  J.;  Waverly,  N.  J.;  Hagers- 
town,  Md.;  Raleigh,  N.  C.;  Syracuse,  N.  Y.;  Bethlehem,  Pa.;  Atlanta  Exposi- 
tion and  other  fairs. 

Mr.  Benninger  has  also  had  unusual  success  in  selling  bulls  to  beginners, 
and  finds  it  a  great  success  to  grade  up  other  herds  with  Holstein  bulls.  He 
had  sold  hundreds  of  bulls  for  that  purpose  without  having  a  single  complaint, 
his  customers  being  well  satisfied  with  the  cross. 

Mr.  Benninger  is  also  well  known  as  a  lecturer,  being  on  the  staff  of  the 
Pennsylvania  State  Grange,  and  also  lecturing  at  farmers'  institutes,  etc.,  and 
is  a  member  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  America.  He  also  contrib- 
utes articles  on  dairying,  stock  breeding,  etc.,  to  a  number  of  the  leading  agri- 
cultural and  stock-breeding  journals,  and  lately  assumed  editorial  management 
of  the  Breeders'  Magazine,  Dairyman  and  Horticulturist,  published  at  High 
Point,  N.  C. 

MR.  H.  F.  W.  BREUER  of  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  was  born  on  the  13th 
of  January,  1841,  at  Bederkesa,  Hanover,  Germany,  and  came  to  America  with 
his  parents  while  quite  young;  located  at  Charleston,  S.  C.,  where  he  has 
resided  ever  since,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  business  at  an  early  age.  Having 
a  natural  fondness  for  cattle,  as  early  as  1860  he  established  a  dairy,  which  he 
managed  in  conjunction  with  other  business.  For  foundation  stock,  Mr. 
Breuer  first  used  Shorthorns  of  the  Princess  and  Rose  of  Sharon  families, 
which  proved  good  milkers,  but  with  every  new  bull  introduced  it  was  found 
that  the  beef  characteristics  would  more  and  more  predominate  and  the  Short- 
horns were  replaced  with  Ayrshires,  which  gave  good  results. 

After  visiting  the  land  of  his  nativity  on  many  occasions  and  observed  and 
admired  the  ideal  Netherland  or  Friesian  cow  grazing  on  those  enormously 
rich  pastures  of  the  Netherlands,  Mr.  Breuer  decided  that  this  was  the  true 
dairy  cow  and  the  cow  of  the  future  for  our  country.  In  1877  he  purchased  his 
first  Holsteins  from  George  E.  Brown,  and  later  on  bought  more  foundation 
stock  from  Messrs.  Smiths  &  Powell,  Edgar  Huidekoper.  S.  L.  Hoxie,  T.  B. 
Wales,  Hon.  Gerrit  S.  Miller  and  others.  In  1884  he  purchased  a  tract  of  land 
contain g  2000  acres  in  close  proximity  to  the  city  of  Charleston,  S.  C.,  where 
was  then  established  the  Sea  Side  Herd  of  Holstein-Friesians  and  through 
the  use  of  the  best  bulls  only  that  money  could  buy  to  head  the  herd,  results 
were  obtained  that  far  exceeded  all  expectations;  many  a  cow  in  the  Sea  Side 
Herd  has  given  forty  quarts  of  milk  daily,  of  a  quality  that  would  compare 
favorably  with  any  breed,  and  the  average  of  the  herd  is  about  ten  quarts  of 
milk  to  one  pound  of  butter. 

S.  BURCHARD  of  Hamilton,  N.  Y.  Sylvester  Burchard  was  born  September 
17,  1834,  at  Remsen,  Oneida  county,  New  York.  He  came  of  sturdy  New  Eng- 
land stock.  His  father,  Sylvester  Burchard,  Sr.,  moved  from  Granby,  Mass., 
with  his  parents  when  sixteen  years  of  age.  Jabes  Burchard,  the  grandfather, 
settled  upon  the  old  Baron  Stuben  farm  in  the  town  of  Stuben. 

Sylvester  Burchard,  Sr.,  was  the  village  blacksmith  of  Remsen  until  the 
year  1840;  he  then  moved  with  his  wfe,  Anna  Platt  Burchard,  and  his  family 
on  the  farm  in  the  town  of  Eaton,  Madison  county,  which  he  owned  and  occu- 
pied until  his  death  in  1853. 

Sylvester  Burchard,  Sr.,  established  the  first  large  dairy  in  Madison  county. 
His  pride  was  the  old  red  Durham  stock,  and  his  cows  were  bred  from  a  sire 
brought  from  Kentucky.  He  was  an  expert  judge  of  dairy  cows,  and  his  dairy 
was  the  pride  of  the  county. 

Sylvester  Burchard,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was  proud  of  his  father's 
stock,  and  his  first  work  on  the  farm  consisted  of  driving  the  cows  to  and  from 
the  pasture,  and  in  assisting  his  father  in  those  numberless  little  things  which 
distinguish  the  successful  dairyman. 

Upon  the  death  of  the  father,  the  son,  then  eighteen  years  of  age,  under- 


H.   F.  W.   BREUER. 


SOME  AMERICAN  BREEDERS.  247 

took  the  care  and  management  of  a  large  and  fertile  farm  and  a  choice  dairy 
of  cows. 

The  laws  of  heredity  and  environment  have  their  influence  upon  the  man, 
and  Sylvester  Burchard  has  been  a  successful  dairyman  for  over  forty  years. 

He  commenced  breeding  Holsteins  in  1879,  and  in  1882  he  was  sent  as  an 
expert  judge  of  cattle  to  Holland,  to  purchase  stock  for  parties  in  the  United 
States.  He  selected  217  head  and  brought  them  to  this  country.  The  high 
character  of  stock  purchased  by  him  is  sufficient  evidence  of  ability  to  select 
the  best.  He  has  probably  adjudged  Holstein  stock  at  more  fairs  than  any 
other  man  in  this  country. 

Sylvester  Burchard  has  been  a  member  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association 
since  its  organization,  and  has  attended  all  its  meetings  and  has  been  deeply 
interested  in  its  work. 

The  high  standing  and  popularity  of  Mr.  Burchard  among  Holstein  breeders 
was  never  better  attested  than  by  his  nomination  for  the  presidency  of  the 
Holstein-Friesian  Association  at  its  annual  meeting  in  March,  1894,  when  he 
received  a  unanimous  vote  for  that  position.  In  his  annual  address  as  president, 
delivered  at  the  meeting  of  the  association  in  March,  1895,  in  speaking  of  the 
great  work  carried  on  by  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association,  Mr.  Burchard  said: 

"  We  have  a  powerful  incentive  to  stimulate  us  in  this  great  work,  inas- 
much as  the  cow  we  represent  laid  the  foundation  of  all  dairy  industries,  and 
taught  the  generations  that  it  was  her  mission  to  nourish  and  bless  the  world. 
We  may  well  boast  of  her  ancient  lineage  and  the  blue  blood  that  courses  through 
her  veins,  and  also  feel  proud  of  the  purity  of  her  pedigree  and  the  great  anti- 
quity of  her  origin,  for  long  before  the  stately  Shorthorn  chewed  her  cud  on  the 
banks  of  the  Tees,  or  the  beautiful  Ayrshire  cropped  the  grasses  on  the  bleak 
hillsides  of  Scotland,  or  the  golden  Jersey  became  queen  of  the  islands  of  the 
Channel,  the  black-and-white  cow  was  feeding  in  the  green  pastures  and  lying 
down  beside  the  still  waters  of  Holland. 

"In  the  land  of  her  adoption  she  has  helped  to  make  picturesque  the  land- 
scape, and  added  to  the  contentment  and  happiness  of  the  home,  has  helped  to 
keep  the  boys  on  the  farm,  and  has  opened  up  to  our  people  such  possibilities 
as  had  never  been  dreamed  of.  She  has  added  much  to  the  welfare  of  our 
country,  and  her  unprecedented  performances  at  the  churn  and  pail  have  stim- 
ulated many  a  poor  dairyman  to  a  triumphant  success.  Her  gentle  disposition 
and  kindly  nature  have  taught  us  many  a  lesson  in  patience  and  forbearance, 
and  if  there  is  a  place  for  the  cow  among  the  immortals,  we  shall  find  the 
Holstein-Friesian  happily  feeding  in  the  green  fields  of  Paradise." 

He  has  been  inspector  of  imported  cattle,  and  also  an  inspector  for  Advanced 
Registry  since  the  association  was  formed,  and  is  now  a  director  and  member 
of  the  executive  committee. 

Sylvester  Burchard  is  a  man  of  perfect  integrity  of  character  ;  he  has  large 
ability,  quick  perception,  good  judgment,  and  his  past  experience  has  fully 
ripened  his  powers. 

FRANK  H.  BURKE,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Possibly  no  one  on  the  Pacific 
coast  has  had  more  experience  with  Holsteins  than  Mr.  Frank  H.  Burke,  of  La 
Siesta  ranch,  Menlo  Park,  Cal. 

Prior  to  investing  in  Holsteins  he  had  practical  experience  in  butter  dairy- 
ing on  the  largest  scale  in  the  world,  at  the  Shafter  ranch,  in  Marin  county, 
Cal.,  where  4,000  cows  are  milked  daily  during  the  season.  Before  establishing 
a  herd  himself  he  examined  the  best  herds  in  the  United  States,  no  matter  what 
the  breed,  and  though  from  past  experience  he  leaned  toward  the  Jersey  and 
Shorthorn  cattle,  this  careful  inspection  demonstrated  to  him,  as  a  practical 
man,  that  the  blackLand-whites  would  be  the  money-makers. 

Nine  years  ago  he  purchased  largely  of  these  in  the  East,  and  the  following 
year  so  greatly  was  he  pleased  with  the  pecuniary  returns  that  he  sent  orders 
for  seven  carloads,  and  from  time  to  time  has  given  other  orders  for  "the  best." 

His  herd,  notwithstanding  numerous  sales  all  over  the  Pacific  coast,  from 
British  Columbia  to  Chili,  consists  of  over  sixty  head  of  pure-breds,  mostly  Clo- 
thilde  Sth's  Clothilde  heifers,  out  of  King  Aaggie  Clothilde  cows,  with  founda- 
tion crosses  of  Aaggie,  Netherland,  Artis  Twisk  and  Mercedes  blood. 


Mr.  Burke's  success  in  the  show  ring  in  the  past  seven  years  has  been  phe- 
nomenal, over  700  prizes,  including  every  sweepstakes  in  the  past 


three  years, 


S.   BURCHARD. 


SOME   AMERICAN  BREEDERS.  249 


and  numerous  gold  medals  in  competition  with  all-milk  breeds,  have  been 
awarded  to  him. 

At  the  last  state  fair  (Sacramento) ,  1895,  he  won  first  with  a  Holstein  in 
the  ten-days'  butter  test,  competing  with  the  pick  of  the  coast  Jerseys,  Ayr- 
shires  and  Durhams,  which  victory  is  the  more  creditable  as  millionaire  Henry 
Pierce,  whose  herd  of  Jerseys  was  also  in  the  test,  has  spared  neither  money 
or  pains  to  secure  the  best  by  repeated  drafts  from  the  Island  of  Jersey  and  the 
East. 

While  on  this  side  of  the  Rockies  Mr.  Burke  is  only  known  through  the  fast 
race  horses  bred  by  him,  on  the  Pacific  side  he  is  given  credit  for  using  the 
same  skill  in  mating  and  handling  his  herd  of  Holstein-Friesians  that  has 
brought  his  horses  so  often  first  to  the  wire.  His  ranch  adjoining  that  of  Hon. 
Leland  Stanford,  at  Palo  Alto,  is  one  of  the  show,  places  of  California,  and  is 
inspected  by  many  visiting  horsemen. 

Mr.  Burke  is  not  only  one  of  the  most  popular  horsemen  in  the  state  of  Cal- 
ifornia, but  he  is  also  one  of  San  Francisco's  most  successful  business  men.  Mr. 
Burke  was  born  in  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  but  went  to  this  state  with  his  parents 
while  a  babe,  and  is  a  thorough  Californian.  For  years  Mr.  Burke  was  one  of 
the  best-known  road  drivers  in  San  Francisco,  and  naturally  drifted  into  breed- 
ing trotters,  at  which  he  had  eminent  success.  He  was  fortunate  enough  to 
secure  Eros,  2:29i,  by  Electioneer,  dam  Sontag  Mohawk,  and,  placing  this  stall- 
ion at  the  head  of  the  La  Siesta  Stock  Farm,  at  Menlo  Park,  bred  a  number  of 
fast  ones  whose  names  are  known  all  over  the  country. 

Mr.  Burke  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Pacific  Coast  Trotting  Horse 
Breeders'  Association,  and  is  at  the  present  time  one  of  its  directors  and  chair- 
man of  the  executive  committee.  As  a  member  of  the  well-known  real  estate 
firm  of  Madison  &  Burke,  626  Market  street,  he  gives  his  personal  attention 
to  the  management  of  one  of  the  longest-established  and  best-known  business 
houses  in  the  city.  As  a  business  man  Frank  Burke  is  thorough  and  straight- 
forward, and  none  stand  higher  in  the  community  than  he.  As  a  lover  of 
"man's  best  friend,"  he  is  known  from  one  end  of  California  to  the  other,  and 
has  done  much  to  advance  the  breeding  as  well  as  the  racing  interests  toward 
that  high  standard  which  all  true  sportsmen  hope  to  see  them  attain  in 
California. 

MR.  WINTHROP  W.  CHENERY,  first  president  of  the  association  of  the 
breeders  of  thoroughbred  Holstein  cattle,  was  born  in  1819,  in  Watertown, 
Mass.  He  was  descended  from  Lambert  Chenery,  who  came  from  England  with 
Sir  Richard  Saltonstall,  and  settled  in  Watertown  in  1630.  At  an  early  age  he 
sought  occupation  in  mercantile  life.  He  became  clerk  and  bookkeeper,  and 
afterwards  partner  of  Abel  Phelps,  importer  and  commission  merchant,  on 
Long  Wharf,  Boston.  At  the  death  of  Mr.  Phelps  he  succeeded  to  the  business, 
and  carried  it  on  for  more  than  twenty-five  years. 

Early  in  life  he  purchased  a  small  farm  in  his  native  town,  where  he 
delighted  in  gratifying  his  taste  for  fine  horses  and  stock  of  all  kinds.  In  1856 
he  established  the  Highland  Stock  Farm  at  Belmont,  Mass.,  which  soon  became 
famous  for  the  display  of'horses,  imported  cattle,  sheep,  swine  and  other  choice 
stock. 

Reasoning  from  the  similarity  of  the  climate  of  Holland  and  New  England, 
he  conceived  the  idea  that  the  cattle  of  that  country,  so  famed  for  its  dairy 
products,  would  be  a  valuable  acquisition  here  in  the  United  States.  His  first 
importation  of  cattle  from  Holland  was  made  in  1852 — a  single  cow,  whose  good 
qualities  encouraged  him  to  make  other  importations  in  1857,  1859  and  1861. 
The  cattle  of  these  early  importations  were  kept  by  the  side  of  Jerseys,  Ayr- 
shires,  Devons  and  Guernseys,  and  the  comparison  thus  made  soon  convinced 
him  of  their  superiority  as  a  dairy  breed  to  any  of  these.  The  performances  of 
some  of  this  stock  are  matters  of  record,  and  although  not  remarkable  in  com- 
parison with  some  of  the  records  of  late  years,  were  far  in  advance  of  anything 
known  at  that  time,  and  did  much  to  first  call  attention  to  the  merits  of  the 
breed. 

Mr.  Chenery  possessed  unbounded  enthusiasm,  energy  and  perseverance  in 

the  prosecution  of   any  enterprise   which   he  undertook"      Like  the  pioneers 

in  every  good  cause,  he  met  with  many  discouragements,  but  his  faith  in  the 

Holsteins  as  the  coming  stock  was  never  shaken.     In  1860,  when  he  had  just 

17 


FRANK  H.   BURKE. 


SOME  AMERICAN  BREEDERS.  251 

fairly  started  in  breeding  the  stock,  occurred  the  pleuro-pneumonia  panic  in 
Massachusetts.  The  State  Cattle  Commissioners,  claiming  that  some  of  Mr. 
Chenery's  stock  had  been  exposed  to  the  contagion,  ordered  the  entire  herd  to 
be  slaughtered.  On  the  same  day  when  this  order  was  executed,  Mr.  Chenery 
seat  to  Holland  for  another  lot  of  cattle. 

One  of  the  early  criticisms  on  the  breed  was  that  quantity  of  milk  was  pro- 
duced at  the  expense  of  quality.  Mr.  Chenery  took  some  pains  to  refute  this 
charge,  claiming  that  they  excelled  not  only  in  milk  but  in  butter  and  cheese 
production.  Probably  the  first  butter  test  of  a  Holsteiii  cow  ever  made  was 
his  test  of  the  cow  Texelaar,  in  which  she  produced  17  Ibs.  14  oz.  of  butter  in 
six  days. 

Mr.  Chenery  was  a  frequent  contributor  to  the  agricultural  press  on  mat- 
ters connected  with  live  stock,  and  his  pen  was  always  ready  to  promote  the 
interests  of  the  Holsteins,  or  defend  them  from  any  aspersions.  An  article  on 
Holstein  cattle  which  he  contributed  in  1864  to  the  Report  of  the  United  States 
Department  of  Agriculture  probably  did  more  than  anything  ever  published  to 
disseminate  a  knowledge  of  the  race  in  all  parts  of  the  country. 

He  early  recognized  the  importance  of  keeping  a  record  of  the  pure-bred 
stock  in  this  country,  and  kept  such  a  record  of  his  own  stock  from  the  begin- 
ning. Upon  the  formation  of  the  association  of  breeders  of  thoroughbred  Hol- 
stein cattle,  he  was  authorized  to  prepare  the  herd-book  of  the  society.  The 
first  volume  was  published  in  1872  (the  small  beginning  of  the  present  bulky 
volumes) — a  book  of  sixty-seven  pages,  of  which  forty-two  pages  were  devoted 
to  a  sketch  of  the  Holstein  race  of  cattle  prepared  by  Mr.  Chenery.  In  1875  he 
published  the  second  volume,  and  was  engaged  in  the  preparation  of  the  third 
volume  at  the  time  of  his  death  in  July,  1876. 

Mr.  Chenery  was  a  man  of  commanding  presence,  standing  over  six  feet 
four  inches,  and  weighing  upwards  of  300  pounds.  His  qualities  of  mind  and 
heart  corresponded  to  his  physical  proportions— liberal  in  his  views,  generous  in 
disposition,  upright  in  life,  having  the  respect  of  all,  and  most  highly  esteemed 
by  those  who  knew  him  best.  He  was  possessed  of  an  excellent  memory  and 
keen  powers  of  observation.  He  not  only  brought  to  his  work  great  zeal  and 
enthusiasm,  but,  like  his  friend,  Prof.  Agassiz,  had  the  rare  gift  of  imparting 
this  enthusiasm  to  others.  In  fine,  he  seemed  to  be  peculiarly  fitted  for  the 
task  which  he  undertook — the  introduction  of  a  new  breed  of  cattle,  in  the  face 
of  opposition  arising  as  well  from  ignorance  and  apathy  as  from  prejudice  in 
favor  of  other  and  well-known  breeds  of  stock.  The  Holsteins  were  fortunate 
in  having  just  such  a  man  to  present  their  claims. 

MR.  J.  W.  COLEY  of  New  Woodstock,  N.  Y.,  a  member  of  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  Association  of  America,  was  born  May  17,  1836,  upon  the  farm  where 
he  now  resides  in  the  town  of  Cazenovia,  Madison  county,  New  York.  The 
farm,  consisting  of  200  acres  of  fine  farming  land,  is  devoted  to  the  rais- 
ing of  wheat,  corn  and  clover,  and  carries  about  fifty  head  of  cattle,  forty  of 
which  are  pure-bred  Holstein-Friesians. 

Mr.  Coley  has  been  a  dairyman  for  forty  years.  During  part  of  that  period 
he  has  been  a  breeder  and  admirer  of  Shorthorns,  among  which  he  found  some 
fine  milkers,  but  too  many  of  them  were  failures  for  the  dairy  and  he  found 
their  strong  tendency  to  take  on  flesh  a  disadvantage.  Mr.  Coley  also  had  a  lim- 
ited experience  with  Jerseys,  but  concluded  that  the  breed  lacked  constitution . 

Passing  through  these  experiences,  he  decided  to  buy  some  Holsteins,  which 
he  finds  to  be  very  hardy  and  yield  a  large  quantity  of  milk  and  of  good  quality, 
and  are  presistent  milkers. 

Mr.  Coley's  herd  of  registered  cattle  now  numbers  upwards  of  forty  head 
and  are  of  the  great  butter  families  of  the  breed.  Prominent  in  the  blood  lines 
are  to  be  noted  the  Pauline  Paul,  Mechtchilde,  Colantha,  Parthenia  and  Pieter- 
tje  strains.  The  herd  is  at  present  headed  by  Sir  Ononis  Netherland,  a  son  of 
Soldene  2d's  Netherland  out  of  the  famous  Ononis.  This  bull  has  strong  resem- 
blance to  his  famous  prize-winning  sire  and  is  a  half-brother  to  Sir  Henry  of 
Maplewood,  and  unquestionably  of  high  breeding. 


WINTHROP  W.  CHENERY. 


SOME  AMERICAN   BREEDERS.  253 

THOMAS  H.  DODGE.  Among  those  who  have  taken  a  deep  and  active  interest 
in  breeding  Holstein-Friesian  stock  of  the  best  and  highest  type,  Thomas  H. 
Dodge,  a  member  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  America,  ranks  and 
stands  among  the  first,  since  he  has  spared  no  expense  in  securing  the  very  best 
foundation  stock  from  which  to  raise  the  choicest  representatives  of  this  famous 
breed  of  cattle,  and  has  thereby  added  greatly  to  its  standing  and  credit  in  the 
public  estimation,  as  compared  with  other  favorite  breeds. 

As  proprietor  of  the  New  England  Stock  Farm  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  he 
secured  at  a  great  cost,  New  England  Queen,  Oriana  2d,  Marie  Wortel  3d,  and 
Planetta,  the  three  latter  imported,  and  they  all  proved  to  be  great  milkers. 
New  England  Queen's  milk  record  for  thirty  days  being  2,152£  Ibs.,  an  average 
of  71£  Ibs.  per  day;  the  largest  day's  record  being  79£  Ibs.  of  milk. 

Oriana  2d's  milk  record  for  thirty  days  being  2,064f  Ibs.,  an  average  of  68.8 
Ibs.  per  day  ;  the  largest  day's  record  being  78  Ibs.  of  milk. 

Marie  Wortel  3d's  milk  record  for  thirty  days  being  2,004f  Ibs.,  an  average 
of  66.82  Ibs.  der  day  ;  largest  day's  record  being  78i  Ibs.  of  milk. 

Planetta's  milk  record  for  thirty  days  being  1,999^  Ibs.,  an  average  of  66.65 
Ibs.  per  day  ;  largest  day's  record  being  75  Ibs.  of  milk. 

These  cows  and  their  female  descendants  being  bred  to  such  noted  stock 
bulls  as  Netherland  Prince,  Iroquois,  Uncle  Pete,  Netherland  Emperor,  and 
Elijah  S.,  have  produced  some  of  the  finest  and  most  valuable  stock  in  New 
England,  and  among  which  may  be  mentioned  the  bulls,  Netherland  Emperor 
2d,  Netherland  Crown  Prince,  Netherland  the  Great,  Netherland  Renowned, 
Netherland  Prince's  Grandson,  Netherland  Emperor  3d,  Netherland  Preferred, 
Netherland  Planetta  and  Quinsigamond  Chief,  and  the  cows,  Marie  Netherland, 
with  a  milk  record  of  51  Ibs.  per  day  as  a  two-year-old,  she  being  a  daughter  of 
Netherland  Prince  ;  Princess  of  Worcester,  daughter  of  Iroquois  ;  Eastern 
Queen,  Netherland  Milk  Queen,  Holstein-Friesian  Queen,  Netherland  Crown 
Princess,  Netherland  Crown  Princess  2d,  and  Queen  of  Bedford,  the  latter  a 
daughter  of  Princess  of  Worcester,  making  the  largest  and  best  milk  record  as 
a  two-year-old  ever  made  in  New  England.  Although  this  noted  herd  has  been 
dispersed  in  consequence  of  the  growth  of  the  city  of  Worcester,  a  broad  ave- 
nue of  eighty  feet  in  width  having  been  laid  out  through  Mr.  Dodge's  farm,  he 
nevertheless  retains  an  indirect  interest  in  many  of  the  finest  animals,  and  will 
therefore  still  keep  up  his  old-time  efforts  in  behalf  of  Holstein-Friesian  stock. 

Mr.  Dodge  was  born  in  the  town  of  Eden,  Vermont,  in  1823.  He  is  a  law- 
yer by  profession.  His  early  training  among  manufacturers  of  textile  fabrics 
pre-eminently  fitted  him  for  that  branch  of  his  profession  in  which  he  attained 
so  great  a  success,  that  of  a  patent  lawyer. 

As  an  inventor  but  few  men  have  contributed  more  in  the  improvement 
of  labor-saving  machinery  than  he;  an  adequate  notice  of  his  efforts  in  this 
direction  would  completely  fill  a  book. 

As  a  philanthropist  Worcester  is  indeed  fortunate  in  having  him  as  a  citi- 
zen. He  has  become  widely  known  as  a  public  benefactor  by  his  handsome 
gifts  to  the  Natural  History  Society,  and  by  his  contribution  to  the  living  as 
well  as  to  the  generations  to  come  in  the  donation  of  a  tract  of  thirteen  acres 
of  land  in  the  northerly  part  of  the  city  of  Worcester  to  be  used  as  a  public 
park,  and  for  his  generous  gift  to  the  Odd  Fellows  of  a  very  valuable  tract  of 
land  of  eleven  acres  in  the  same  city  as  a  site  for  the  Massachusetts  Odd  Fel- 
lows' Home,  the  corner  stone  of  which  was  laid  in  October,  1890. 

By  these  and  countless  minor  acts,  Mr.  Dodge  has  demonstrated  his  interest 
in  public  charities  and  his  great  love  for  the  welfare  of  mankind.  He  has 
always  been  a  generous  contributor  to  public  enterprises,  and  in  Worcester  has 
greatly  aided  in  the  building  of  Trinity  Methodist  Church. 

The  National  Cyclopedia  of  American  Biography  closes  its  sketch  of  Mr. 
Dodge  with  the  statement  that  "  to  young  men,  however  limited  their  means, 
his  success  and  useful  life  is  a  most  encouraging  example  of  the  possibilities  of 
energy  and  well-directed  effort,  both  in  the  accumulation  and  distribution  of 
wealth." 

MR.  L.  A.  DOWNER  of  Cave  City,  Ky.,  a  member  of  the  Holstein-Friesian 
Association  of  America,  and  stanch  admirer  of  the  breed,  was  born  in  Hop- 
kinsville,  Christian  county,  Ky.,  on  March  22,  1834.  In  early  childhood  his  par- 
ents located  in  Todd  county,  Ky.,  near  Fairview. 

His  father,  J.  S.  Downer,  established  the  Forest  nursery  at  that  place,  and 


J.  W.  COLEY. 


SOME  AMERICAN   RREEDERS.  255 

his  son  grew  up  in  that  business,  working  in  all  the  details  till  January,  1864. 
At  that  time  Mr.  L.  A.  Downer  purchased  the  place  known  as  Prewett's  Knob, 
and  commenced  the  cultivation  of  fruit,  which  proved  fairly  remunerative. 
Having  from  boyhood  a  fondness  for  cattle,  on  changing  from  the  nursery  to 
the  orchard  business  he  commenced  devoting  a  portion  of  his  time  to  the 
improvement  of  the  cattle  found  among  the  people.  His  first  effort  in  this 
direction  was  the  purchase  of  the  best  Durham  bull  that  could  be  found,  and 
commenced  grading  up. 

It  was  not  satisfactory,  however,  and  a  pair  of  pure  Devons  was  obtained, 
which  proved  far  from  being  what  was  desired.  The  next  effort  was  a  trial  of 
the  Jersey  breed — pure-breds  and  grades — with  no  better  results.  Mr.  Downer 
now  began  to  doubt  his  ability  to  make  any  success  with  cattle,  but  disliked  to 
surrender.  He  had  read  much  about  the  new  breeds,  and  his  attention  was 
especially  attracted  to  the  Holstein-Friesians  by  their  size,  quick  growth  and 
wonderful  performances  at  the  pail  and  churn.  In  May,  1894,  a  purchase  was 
made  of  four  calves — three  females  and  a  bull— which  were  watched  with  great 
solicitude. 

One  heifer  died  after  a  few  weeks,  and  another  after  a  few  years;  but  the 
heifer  that  survived,  named  Duchess  of  Beemster,  when  she  came  in  milk  Mr. 
Downer  found  that  he  had  not  expected  too  much.  When  she  reached  five 
years  Mr.  Downer  had  never  seen  anything  to  compare  with  her,  her  yield 
being  as  high  as  100  Ibs.  of  milk  in  a  day  in  midwinter. 

This  heifer's  milk  was  tested  by  three  impartial  men,  with  the  result  that  it 
made  24  Ibs.  15£  oz.  of  merchantable  butter  in  seven  days.  The  first  heifer  calf 
from  Duchess  of  Beemster  was  Lady  Ollie  Artis,  sired  by  Artis  Jr. 

When  fresh  for  the  fourth  time  Lady  Ollie  Artis  gave  in  eight  and  one-half 
months  14,842i  Ibs.  of  milk,  and  made  29  Ibs.  i  oz.  of  merchantable  butter  in 
seven  days,  to  the  great  surprise  of  her  breeder,  and  proved  an  education  to  tne 
neighbors,  many  of  whom  came  to  see  her.  While  this  yield  is  surpassed  by 
many  others  in  other  sections,  it  demonstrates  what  this  breed  will  do  under 
the  care  of  an  ordinary  handler  unversed  in  the  ways  of  feeding  and  caring  for 
a  dairy  cow.  Mr.  Downer  states  that  this  breed  has  given  him  entire  satisfac- 
tion for  beef,  and  he  easily  makes  a  good  calf  weigh  1,000  pounds  as  a  yearling. 
The  grades  also  have  given  satisfaction  as  milkers  and  feeders  in  this  section. 

MR.  SOLOMON  Du  Bois  of  New  Paltz,  N.  Y.,  was  born  in  New  Paltz  in  1839, 
and  is  a  descendant  of  Louis  Du  Bois,  a  French  Huguenot  who  was  driven  from 
his  own  country  by  bitter  persecution  and  fled  to  America  in  1660  and  settled 
in  Kingston,  N.  Y.  In  1677,  he,  with  eleven  others  of  his  countrymen  obtained 
a  grant  of  a  tract  of  36,000  acres  of  land  on  the  west  side  of  the  Hudson,  com- 
prising the  present  town  of  Loyd,  a  great  part  of  Esopus,  New  Paltz,  Rosendale 
and  Gardiner  in  Ulster  county,  N.  Y. 

Solomon  Du  Bois  is  the  sixth  in  descent  from  Louis.  His  ancestors  since 
the  first  settlement  at  New  Paltz  have  all  been  farmers,  and  his  place,  known  as 
"  Fruit  and  Dairyland  Farm,"  has  been  in  the  Du  Bois  family  over  two  hundred 
years.  About  thirty  years  ago  Mr.  Du  Bois  embarked  quite  extensively  in  fruit 
growing,  then  in  its  infancy  in  Ulster  county.  This  business  he  conducted 
and  has  continued  to  the  present  time  with  success. 

In  1883  he  commenced  the  breeding  of  Holstein-Friesian  cattle,  and  later 
became  a  member  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  America.  Making  his 
selections  with  greatest  care  from  the  very  best  strains,  by  skilful  breeding  and 
weeding,  his  herd  at  present  ranks  among  the  first  in  the  state.  At  the  head 
of  the  herd  is  Sir  Keyes  Mechthilde,  bred  by  Henry  Stevens  &  Sons,  and  in  the 
herd  are  many  fine  representatives  and  descendants  of  the  Aaggie,  Netherland, 
Echo  and  Pietertje  families.  The  milk  produced  is  sold  to  the  Borden  Con- 
densed Milk  Company  at  Wallkill,  which  is  evidence  of  its  fine  quality. 

The  farm  is  located  two  and  one-half  miles  from  New  Paltz,  on  Wallkill 
Valley  railroad.  It  lies  on  the  east  side  of  the  Wallkill  river,  and  from  the 
lowland  there  is  a  gentle  rise  to  the  east.  This  western  slope  is  occupied  by 
vineyards  and  orchards  and  from  the  tableland  above,  on  which  is  the  residence, 
magnificient  views  are  obtained  of  the  surrounding  valley,  and  the  Catskill  and 
Shawangunk  Mountains,  Lake  Mohonk  and  Minnewaska,  the  famous  summer 
resorts,  being  about  four  miles  distant. 


THOMAS  H.   DODGE. 


SOME  AMERICAN   BREEDERS.  257 

MR.  MALCOLM  H.  GARDNER  was  born  in  the  town  of  Sharon,  Walworth 
county,  Wis.,  in  1853.  When  five  years  of  age  his  father  left  the  farm,  and  his 
childhood  was  passed  in  the  village  of  Delavan,  Wis.  Nine  years  after  his 
father  returned  to  the  farm,  and  it  again  became  his  home,  when  not  away  at 
school,  or  teaching.  Mr.  Gardner  gained  his  education  at  the  Delavan  high 
school  and  Beloit  college,  where  he  was  a  member  of  the  class  of  '78.  His  health 
breaking  near  the  close  of  his  course,  he  gave  up  the  law  as  a  profession,  and 
returned  to  the  farm,  completing  his  college  course  at  his  leisure. 

In  1879  he  formed  a  partnership  with  his  brother,  W.  A.  Gardner,  and  the 
business  is  still  carried  on  under  the  firm  name  of  Gardner  Brothers.  Seeing 
that  the  dairy  industry,  with  hogs  as  accessory,  was  especially  adapted  to  south- 
ern Wisconsin,  the  firm  turned  its  attention  in  that  direction,  and  was  among 
the  pioneers  in  improved  dairying  in  the  West.  Their  first  Holstein-Friesian 
bull  was  purchased  of  ex-Secretary  T.  B.  Wales,  in  January,  1883,  and  cows,  of 
the  same  party,  in  the  spring  of  ?85.  Other  fine  animals  have  been  obtained 
from  other  sources,  and  the  net  profits  from  the  herd  have  always  been  highly 
satisfactory.  After  losing  two  of  their  most  promising  cows  by  milk  fever, 
Gardner  Brothers  gave  up  all  forcing  for  records,  and  depend  on  plain,  every- 
day yields  for  their  showing,  believing  that  this  plan  gives  better  satisfaction 
to  customers  in  the  long  run. 

Mr.  Gardner  has  long  been  an  earnest  supporter  of  the  Holstein-Friesian 
breed,  and  has  written  much,  mostly  for  Hoard's  Dairyman  and  the  Breeders' 
Gazette.  He  is  at  present  secretary  and  financial  manager  of  the  Darien  Cream- 
ery Company,  Darien,  Wis.,  and  is  a  director  in  the  Western  Holstein-Friesian 
Association. 

MR.  WILLIS  JUDD  GILLETT  of  Rosendale,  Wis.,  was  born  of  Eastern  parents, 
July  26,  1864,  and  up  to  the  age  of  twenty-one  spent  the  greater  part  of  his 
time  in  school.  He  entered  Wayland  University,  from  which  he  graduated 
with  honor  in  the  class  of  1886,  and  in  June  the  same  year  he  delivered  the 
honorary  oration  of  this  his  final  school  year. 

After  taking  his  college  course  Mr.  Gillett  returned  to  his  father's  stock 
farm  at  Rosendale,  Wis.,  and  took  an  active  interest  in  the  black-and-whites,  of 
which  there  were  then  in  the  stables  of  Springvale  about  fifty  head  of  superior 
animals.  He  has  long  been  a  great  admirer  of  our  favorite  Hollander,  and  in 
the  line  of  working  for  the  interests  of  the  breed  and  breeder  we  find  his  "'foot- 
prints in  the  sands  of  time."  Though  that  time  has  been  short,  they  are  not 
easily  blotted  out. 

His  fine  herd  has  already  attained  a  position  second  to  none  in  the  North- 
west as  one  of  great  uniformity  and  beauty,  performance  and  rich  breeding. 
Among  the  members  of  his  herd  may  be  seen: 

Colantha,  butter  record,  31  Ibs.  7  oz.  in  seven  days;  milk  record,  89  Ibs.  5 
oz.  in  one  day;  2,375  Ibs.  5  oz.  in  one  month,  and  well  known  in  both  East  and 
West  as  among  the  greatest. 

Johanna  5th,  another  beauty,  has  four-year-old  records  as  follows  :  Butter, 
23  Ibs.  5  oz.  in  seven  days;  milk  records,  67  Ibs.  10  oz.  in  one  day;  2,001  Ibs.  5 
oz.  in  one  month;  and  over  14,500  Ibs.  in  nine  months. 

Rijaneta,  the  veteran  beauty  beast  of  the  leading  Western  shows,  is  also 
there.  Her  butter  record  is  26  Ibs.  8|  oz.  in  seven  days;  milk  record,  83  Ibs.  12 
oz.  in  one  day;  2,013  Ibs.  6  oz.  in  one  month. 

Nor  would  it  be  well  to  pass  without  a  mention  of  Johanna  Rue,  with  two- 
year-old  butter  record  of  15  Ibs.  7  oz.  in  seven  days;  Elgin  Bell  2d,  Colantha  3d, 
Rijaneta's  Jewel,  Johanna  oth's  Clothilde,  and  many  others  of  rare  individual- 
ity and  remarkable  pedigree. 

Mr.  Gillett  will  be  remembered  as  a  young  man  of  energy,  honorable  and 
upright  in  his  dealings,  and,  if  we  are  to  take  warnings  from  the  past  and  adopt 
them  as  indications  for  the  future,  we  can  but  predict,  as  his  movements  in  the 
line  of  breeding  prompt  us,  the  building  up  in  the  future  of  one  of  the  choicest 
herds  to  be  found  in  America. 

To  Mr.  Gillett  Wisconsin  in  no  small  degree  owes  her  State  Holstein-Frie- 
sian Association,  of  which  he  is  secretary. 

Mr.  Gillett  has,  for  some  years,  been  a  member  of  the  Holstein-Friesian 
Association  of  America,  and  his  success  and  high  standing  as  a  breeder  has 
been  recognized  by  that  association  in  his  election  as  a  director,  and  his  elec- 


L.  A.   DOWNER. 


SOME  AMERICAN  BREEDERS.  259 

tion  in  1896  as  vice-president.  His  interest  in  matters  pertaining  to  the  breed 
has  always  been  very  great,  and  his  work  in  the  interests  of  the  breed  has  been 
invaluable  both  in  a  practical  way,  and  with  his  pen. 

Holstein  breeders  will  long  remember  his  famous  contribution  to  the  liter- 
ature of  the  breed,  which  was  published  in  nearly  every  agricultural  paper  in 
the  United  States,  and  known  as  "Gillett's  Comparison."  In  this  article  he 
demonstrated  by  the  records  of  twenty-five  leading  cows  in  the  Columbian  Test 
compared  with  twenty-five  largest  records  made  under  the  Holstein-Friesian 
system  of  Advanced  Registry,  and  officially  authenticated  by  the  officers  of 
institutions  and  state  experiment  stations,  the  superior  qualifications  of  the 
Holstein-Friesian  breed  as  butter  cows. 

MR.  A.  C.  HALLMAN  of  New  Dundee,  Ont.,  was  born  October  25,  in  the 
year  1858,  in  Waterloo  county  on  the  old  homestead  near  the  village  of  New  Dun- 
dee, Ontario,  and  is  of  Canadian  birth  and  German  parentage. 

His  father,  J.  S.  Hallman,  was  also  born  in  the  same  county  of  Waterloo, 
and  his  grandfather,  Rev.  Jacob  Hallman,  was  born  in  Montgomery  county, 
Pennsylvania,  being  one  of  the  pioneer  settlers  there,  and  went  to  the  province 
early  in  the  "twenties,"  and  cleared  up  the  old  homestead.  He  had  nothing  to 
start  with  but  lots  of  ambition,  but  amassed  a  nice  fortune.  In  his  day  he  had 
walked  the  distance  between  the  two  countries.  On  the  mother's  side  was 
Mary  demons,  who  was  born  in  Waterloo  county,  a  daughter  of  A.  D.  dem- 
ons, also  of  Pennsylvania  origin. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  raised  on  the  old  homestead  and  received  a 
common  school  education.  His  intentions  were  to  obtain  a  thorough  educa- 
tion and  become  a  professional  man,  but  his  help  was  needed  on  the  farm  and 
his  pleadings  were  unheeded;  his  training  from  youth  up  was  on  a  large  well-reg- 
ulated farm,  operated  as  a  grain  and  stock  farm.  High-grade  and  full-blood 
Shorthorns  constituted  the  live  stock  until  the  last  four  years  of  his  stay  under 
the  parental  roof,  when  pure-bred  Holstein-Friesians  were  adopted.  Mr.  Hall- 
man's  love  was  for  domesticated  animals  of  all  kinds,  and  increased  as  he  grew 
older  and  served  to  retain  him  contentedly  on  the  farm. 

The  foundation  of  the  celebrated  herd  known  as  the  Spring  Brook  Herd  of 
Holstein-Friesians  was  laid  in  the  spring  of  1883.  Mr.  Hallman's  father,  with 
two  other  gentlemen,  became  dissatisfied  with  the  milking  qualities  of  the 
Shorthorns,  and,  going  West,  selected  three  imported  heifers  and  two  imported 
bulls  from  the  herd  of  George  E.  Brown,  then  of  Aurora,  111.  These  cattle  were 
imported  not  with  the  intention  of  starting  a  breeding  concern,  but  merely  for 
their  own  private  farm  use.  His  delight  in  fine  cattle  was  greatly  increased 
when  these  noble  black-and-white  beauties  graced  the  farm  of  which  he  then 
had  charge,  and  he  decided  to  establish  a  herd  for  breeding  purposes.  In  the 
year  1884  Mr.  Hallman  started  farming  a  few  miles  away  from  the  old  home- 
stead, on  a  farm  nicely  situated  on  the  public  highway  between  St.  Petersburg 
and  New  Dundee,  and  now  known  as  the  Spring  Brook  Stock  Farm.  A  part- 
nership was  formed  with  H.  Hillgartner  as  silent  member  and  the  firm  estab- 
lished, known  for  years  as  A.  C.  Hallman  &  Co. 

Another  importation,  or  rather  a  selection  from  an  importation,  was  made 
in  Toronto  from  a  large  consignment  of  about  100  head  then  passing  through 
Canada,  also  owned  by  Mr.  Brown.  Out  of  this  lot  were  selected  seven  head, 
six  females  and  one  male.  Another  importation  was  made  in  1886,  selected 
from  the  famous  Lakeside  herd  at  Syracuse,  N.  ¥.,  and  that  of  T.  G.  Yeomans  & 
Sons  of  Walworth,  N.  Y.,  and  still  another  in  1888  from  the  Lakeside  herd  and 
that  of  G.  S.  Miller  of  Peterboro,  N.  Y.  The  herd  numbered  for  years  about 
sixty  head.  A  dispersion  sale  was  held  in  1895,  when  the  partnership  was  dis- 
solved by  mutual  consent,  and  the  herd  reduced  to  about  thirty  head,  which  in 
connection  with  about  100  head  of  the  celebrated  bacon  hog,  the  "  Red  Tam- 
worth,"  now  constitutes  the  breeding  stock. 

The  object  in  the  selection  of  foundation  stock  was  always  to  obtain  the  best 
representatives  of  the  most  popular  families  and  richest  breeding,  backed  with 
high  records.  Mr.  Hallman  has  exhibited  stock  since  1885,  and  claims  that 
there  is  no  other  herd  in  Canada  that  can  make  such  'showing  of  successful 
winnings  as  the  Spring  Brook  herd,  which  he  thinks  has  carried  away  more 
honor,  first  silver  medals  and  prizes  on  bull  and  progeny,  and  single  prizes,  than 
any  other  herd. 


SOLOMON   DU  BOIS. 


SOME   AMERICAN  BREEDERS.  261 

Many  of  the  warmest  competitors  in  the  show  ring  today  are  animals  bred 
from  or  descendants  of  this  herd.  Other  large  herds  have  sprung  up  and 
flourished  for  a  season,  but  Spring  Brook  is  still  in  it  and  at  the  top,  as  was 
proven  in  the  show  rings  of  1895. 

Mr.  Hallman's  connection  with  the  Canadian  Holstein-Friesian  Association 
has  been  prominent  from  its  organization  in  1892,  and  it  was  largely  due  to  his 
efforts  that  this  independent  record  was  established.  He  is  at  present  one  of 
its  vice-presidents  and  prominently  identified  with  the  Holstein-Friesian  inter- 
ests of  the  Dominion. 

MR.  JOHN  M.  HAM  of  Washington  Hollow,  N.  Y.,  was  born  at  Washington 
Hollow,  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y.,  upon  the  farm  where  he  now  resides — Lyn- 
feld— which  has  been  the  homestead  of  the  family  since  about  1745,  when  it 
was  settled  upon  by  the  great-grandfather  of  the  present  owner,  and  has  been 
occupied  by  the  Ham  family  in  direct  line  since  that  date. 

He  received  his  early  education  at  home  in  the  common  schools,  and  at  the 
Poughkeepsie  Military  Institute,  and  later  pursued  a  special  course  in  engineer- 
ing at  Lafayette  College. 

In  politics  he  is  a  Democrat,  and  has  for  several  years  represented  the  town 
of  Washington  in  the  Board  of  Supervisors,  which,  as  the  town  is  largely 
Republican,  speaks  highly  of  the  consideration  in  which  he  is  held  by  those 
who  know  him  best. 

As  a  breeder  and  handler  of  live  stock,  his  experience  has  been,  it  might 
be  said,  lifelong.  When  eighteen  years  old  he  was  interested  with  the  selec- 
tion and  purchase  of  stock  cattle  and  sheep,  the  business  at  that  time  being  the 
feeding  of  cattle  and  sheep  for  the  New  York  markets,  which  in  later  years  was 
succeeded  by  the  dairy  business.  The  first  pure-bred  Holstein-Friesian  cattle 
for  Lynfeld  were  purchased  by  Mr.  Ham  after  his  attention  had  been  drawn 
to  the  breed  through  the  successful  handling  of  the  grades  as  dairy  animals. 
The  business  was  increased  by  breeding  and  the  purchase  of  choice  animals 
until  the  entire  herd  were  pure-breds.  It  has  been  his  aim  to  conduct  his  herd 
on  a  paying  basis  from  a  dairy  standpoint,  and  in  the  selling  of  breeding  stock 
he  has  paid  particular  attention  to  supplying  the  local  demand  of  dairymen 
and  farmers  for  animals  to  improve  their  herds. 

As  a  breeder  of  horses  Mr.  Ham  brought  the  first  pure-bred  Percheron  stall- 
ion to  stand  for  public  service  into  Dutchess  county,  and  later  successfully 
established  the  first  breeding  stud  of  pure-bred  horses  of  that  breed  in  this  part 
of  the  state.  He  has  a  wide  reputation  as  a  breeder  of  Berkshire  swine,  this 
branch  of  his  pure-bred  live  stock  antedating  that  of  any  other.  He  was  one 
of  the  early  breeders  in  America  of  Dorset  Horn  sheep,  and  one  of  the  organiz- 
ers of  the  registry  association  of  that  breed,  and  at  present  is  one  of  the  execu- 
tive committee.  In  addition  to  the  local  business  in  pure-bred  stock,  shipments 
have  been  made  from  Lynfeld  in  the  past  year  into  every  Eastern  and  Middle 
state,  Canada,  South  America  and  the  West  Indies. 

MR.  JOHN  D.  HARP  of  Benevola,  Md.,  was  born  at  Benevola,  Washington 
county,  Md.,  in  1853,  and  became  a  member  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Associa- 
tion of  America  in  1895. 

The  farm  upon  which  he  resides  is  a  fertile  tract  of  land,  well  watered  by 
fine  springs  and  a  small  stream  called  Beaver  Creek  running  through  it.  Mr. 
Harp  is  the  elder  of  two  sons  of  Rev.  Joshua  Harp.  From  early  youth  he  was 
given  the  care  of  his  father's  sheep  and  swine,  and  in  riper  years  the  horses 
and  cattle  were  added  to  his  charge.  As  a  young  man  he  took  little  interest  in 
cattle,  but  was  greatly  devoted  to  horses.  In  1879  his  father  retired  from  busi- 
ness, and  sold  his  entire  live  stock  to  the  subject  of  our  sketch. 

The  horses  were  of  a  good  class,  and  the  cattle  were  grade  Durhams.  Mr. 
Harp,  still  pursuing  his  love  for  horses,  was  a  pioneer  in  the  introduction  of  the 
Clydesdale  in  Washington  county.  His  early  experience  in  the  horse  business 
was  very  discouraging  from  the  loss  of  a  number,  but  perseverance  and  great 
courage  overcame  these  difficulties,  and  he  now  raises  some  very  superior 
horses. 

Mr.  Harp's  experience  with  Holstein-Friesian  cattle  began  in  1887,  when  he 
purchased  his  first  bull  of  Roberts,  Durnall  &  Hicks,  and  several  cows  from  the 
Lackawanna  Breeders'  Association  in  Pennsylvania.  Proceeding  carefully 


MALCOLM   H.  GARDNER. 


SOME  AMERICAN  BREEDERS. 


with  these,  and  carefully  selecting  and  retaining  the  choicest  females  from  the 
increase,  in  1892  he  disposed  of  his  remaining  grade  cattle  at  public  sale,  and 
now  maintains  a  select  herd  of  recorded  cattle  only. 

While  Mr.  Harp  feels  that  his  herd  is  not  fully  up  to  the  high  standard 
which  he  desires  to  attain,  he  is  eminently  well  satisfied  with  the  practical 
results,  and  is  an  enthusiastic  admirer  of  the  breed.  The  herd  is  now  headed 
by  Cynthiana's  Echo  Colanthus,  20469,  a  superior  sire,  whose  breeding  assures 
fine  progeny,  and  which  fact  is  now  being  demonstrated  by  the  young  stock 
now  at  the  farm. 

Among  the  fine  animals  of  this  flourishing  herd  is  Maud,  46  D.-F.  H.  B., 
now  giving  84  Ibs.  in  one  day  of  rich  milk,  and  yielding  21  Ibs.  of  butter  in  one 
week.  Regola,  4501,  is  another  superior  cow  who  made  a  fair-ground  record  of 
64  Ibs.  of  milk  in  one  day,  from  which  was  made  more  than  3  Ibs.  of  choice 
butter.  Regola  has  already  won  three  first  prizes  in  the  show  ring. 

Mr.  Harp  is  a  believer  in  officially  authenticated  records,  and  is  arranging 
to  so  test  the  entire  herd. 

MR.  FRED  E.  HARRIMAN  of  Appleton,  Wis.,  was  born  in  that  town  October 
12,  1862,  and  is  the  second  son  of  the  late  Judge  J.  E.  Harriman  and  Celia  Pratt 
Har-riman.  Besides  Fred,  there  are  three  children  now  living,  Frank  W.  Harri- 
man, attorney  at  law,  who  has  held  many  places  of  trust  and  honor,  including 
judge  of  probate  and  postmaster  of  Appleton  under  President  Harrison's 
administration  ;  Florian  J.  Harriman,  the  third  son,  who  is  now  county  sur- 
veyor of  Outagamie  county,  Wis.,  and  Flora  L.  Harriman,  now  wife  of  B.  W. 
Jones  of  Appleton. 

Fred  E.  Harriman  is  a  cousin  of  Judge  Thomas  M.  Cooley  of  Michigan,  and 
is  by  profession  an  attorney  .at  law.  In  1884  Mr.  Harriman  engaged  quite 
extensively  in  the  real  estate  business. 

Mr.  Harriman  seemed  to  be  endowed  with  a  love  for  pure-bred  live  stock 
from  a  child  up,  always  having  pure-breds  of  the  highest  type  of  whatever 
breed  they  belonged.  But  it  was  not  perhaps  till  1889  that  Mr.  Harriman 
became  extensively  interested  with  live  stock,  and  on  March  4,  1890,  together 
with  others,  he  organized  and  incorporated  the  Wisconsin  Live  Stock  Associ- 
ation of  Appleton,  Wis.,  whose  dealings  have  been  almost  exclusively  in  the 
Holstein-Friesian  cattle.  This  company  purchased  for  foundation  stock  the 
very  best  specimens  of  the  breed  to  be  found.  Mr.  Harriman  has  been  the 
general  manager  of  the  association  since  its  origin,  and  the  extensive  trade 
which  the  association  enjoys  is  almost  wholly  due  to  Mr.  Harriman's  energy 
and  skill. 

The  first  importation  of  this  breed  of  cattle  ever  received  at  Jamaica,  West 
Indies,  was  selected  by  Hon.  C.  S.  T.  Fursdon  in  person  from  this  herd.  Their 
sales  have  included  almost  every  state  in  the  Union,  many  foreign  countries 
and  islands  of  the  seas.  This  herd,  often  numbering*  150  head,  is  unable  to  sup- 
ply the  demand,  so  great  has  it  been. 

In  February,  1892,  Mr.  Harriman  with  others  incorporated  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  Breeders'  Association  of  Wisconsin,  which  is  today  the  largest  and 
most  powerful  state  association  in  the  Union.  Its  object  is  to  promote  the 
welfare  of  the  breed  and  its  members,  and  it  is  largely  through  the  push  of  Mr. 
Harriman,  who  has  been  its  secretary  for  several  years,  ably  assisted  by  its 
president,  J.  Rust  of  North  Greenfield,  Wis.,  that  this  success  has  been  attained. 
"Fred,"  as  he  is  usually  called,  is  an  extensive  reader  of  dairy  and  agricultural 
papers ;  receiving  weekly  about  twenty  leading  journals,  and  is  willing  to 
admit  the  good  and  bad  qualities  of  all  breeds,  but  is  a  stanch  and  fearless 
advocate  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  cow,  a  pure-bred  and  none  other. 

For  several  years  past,  a  portion  of  the  stock  under  Mr.  Harriman's  care, 
numbering  from  forty  to  sixty  head,  has  been  kept  in  the  city  for  inspection 
and  sale.  The  stable  is  modern  in  construction,  light  and  warm,  the  cattle 
brushed  daily,  water  within  their  reach  at  all  times,  and  the  stables  cleaned 
whenever  droppings  begin  to  accumulate  therein.  The  milk  from  each  cow  is 
weighed  at  each  milking  and  the  amount  recorded.  It  is  then  aerated,  chilled, 
bottled  and  delivered  to  customers  in  the  city,  which  trade  is  rapidly  growing 
and  giving  the  best  of  satisfaction.  It  is  now  Mr.  Harriman's  desire  to  furnish 
such  a  quality  of  milk  from  the  Holstein  cow  that  it  will  find  a  market  for  2,000 
bottles  daily. 


W.  J.  GILLETT. 


SOME   AMERICAN   BREEDERS.  265 

On  November  3,  1886,  Mr.  Harriraan  was  united  in  matrimony  to  Ida  E. 
Robinson  of  Neenah,  Wis.,  a  remarkable  woman  of  business  activity  and  social 
qualities.  To  them  was  born  on  July  28,  1888,  Fred  E.  Harriman,  Jr.,  and  on 
July  18,  1890,  Ray  Marshall  Harriman,  both  of  whom  still  bless  the  household. 

Mr.  Harriman  keeps  well  posted  with  the  pedigrees  of  the  several  breeds  of 
dairy  cattle  as  well  as  the  different  families  of  the  various  breeds,  and  is  pleased 
to  have  all  who  are  interested  in  the  live  stock  industry  visit  him. 

MR.  JOSEPH  HAVILAND  of  Glens  Falls,  N.  Y.,  was  born  in  the  town  of 
Queensburg,  Warren  county,  N.  Y.,  in  the  year  1826,  where  he  now  resides 
(post  office  Glens  Falls) .  His  father,  Joseph  Haviland,  was  a  successful  farmer 
on  what  is  known  as  Sanford's  Ridge,  and  an  admirer  of  fine  stock. 

Mr.  Haviland's  experience  in  handling  and  caring  for  stock  has  been  that 
of  a  life-time. 

In  March,  1880,  he  purchased  a  Holstein  bull  and  heifer  of,  and  imported 
by,  the  Unadilla  Valley  Stock  Breeders'  Association,  and  later  the  bull  Jacob 
Hartog,  each  of  which  proved  to  be  of  such  superior  quality  that  he  was 
induced  in  1883  to  buy  more  cattle  of  Smiths  &  Powell. 

Among  this  last  lot  was  Carrie  Dean,  an  imported  heifer  bred  to  Nether- 
land  Marquis.  Carrie  Dean's  sire,  Willem,  was  a  noted  bull  in  Holland.  This 
animal  has  been  one  of  the  foundation  animals  of  the  herd;  the  other  founda- 
tion animals  were  obtained  from  H.  Stevens  of  Lacona  and  F.  C.  Stevens  of 
Attica,  N.  Y. 

The  herd  is  now  headed  by  America  2d's  Wayne  Paul  De  Kol,  from  T.  G. 
Yeomans  &  Sons'  herd. 

With  all  the  former  experience  of  Mr.  Haviland,  he  has  found  the  Holsteins 
excel  for  butter  as  well  as  milk  producing,  and  that  feeding  for  either  will  pro- 
duce the  desired  object,  and  also  that  they  will  readily  take  on  flesh  when  not 
in  milk,  thus  making  the  most  profitable  cow  for  the  owner. 

Mr.  Haviland  in  visiting  Holland  in  the  year  1887,  where  the  black-and- 
whites  stand  higher  than  all  other  breeds,  was  struck  with  admiration  to  find 
them  so  little  pampered,  and  the  almost  only  source  of  profit  to  the  farmer. 

Butter  and  cheese  were  there  sold  the  highest  in  Amsterdam  for  the  Lon- 
don market,  and  proved  to  him  that  the  Hollanders  were  reaping  the  reward 
of  their  ancestors'  skill,  and  are  going  on  improving  their  most  desirable  breed 
of  cattle,  and  it  is  their  never-tiring  effort  to  excel  all  others  in  the  future  as 
well  as  in  the  past. 

MR.  H.  N.  HOLDEMAN  of  Carthage,  Mo.,  was  born  in  Wooster,  O.,  December 
27,  1854;  was  raised  on  a  farm  where  his  father  early  taught  him  to  be  accurate 
in  the  feeding  and  handling  of  his  live  stock,  though  he  only  kept  good  high- 
grade  stock. 

In  1878  Mr.  Holdeman  moved  on  to  a  farm  of  his  own  near  Congress,  O.,  on 
which  he  farmed  and  raised  stock,  dealing  principally  in  sheep  and  horses.  In 
1885  he  sold  the  farm  and  bought  and  shipped  calves  to  Carthage,  Mo.,  and  sold 
them  at  a  good  profit.  Being  well  pleased  with  the  country,  and  not  liking  the 
long,  cold  winters  of  northern  Ohio,  he  concluded  to  move  with  his  family  to 
Missouri.  Finding  here  much  inquiry  for  grade  Holstein  calves,  he  returned  to 
Ohio,  and  bought  110  head  of  grade  Holstein  calves  and  yearlings,  and  shipped 
them  to  Carthage,  Mo. 

In  1885  he  bought  a  farm  of  140  acres  near  Carthage,  and  sold  all  his  Hoi- 
steins  but  about  thirty  head.  Mr.  Holdeman  now  realized  that  in  buying  the 
cattle  in  Lorain  and  Medina  counties,  Ohio,  he  had  hitherto  been  breeding  the 
wrong  breed  of  cattle,  namely,  Shorthorn.  This  was  also  proved  to  him  on 
looking  at  the  mature  Holstein  cows  owned  by  such  men  as  Mr.  C.  W.  Horr, 
Mr.  Phelon,  and  others,  and  he  was  easily  converted  to  the  fact  that  the  Hoi- 
steins  were  the  true  dairy  cows,  and  were  also  hard  to  beat  for  beef.  With 
this  in  mind,  in  the  spring  of  1886  he  went  to  Kansas  City  and  purchased  two 
registered  yearling  Holsteins — a  heifer  and  a  bull.  They  were  from  the  herd 
of  Mr.  Buckingham,  of  Cleveland,  O. 

He  took  these  home,  and  bred  the  grade  heifers  to  the  bull,  and  in  the  fall 

of  the  same  year  made  a  sale  and  disposed  of  the  heifers,  except  three  or  four 

of  the  choicest  ones.     In  1887  Mr.  Holdeman  went  to  Aurora,  111.,  and  from  the 

herd  of  George  E.  Brown  selected  a  cow  and  a  two-year-old  heifer.     The  bull, 

18 


A.  C.   HALLMAN. 


SOME  AMERICAN  BREEDERS.  267 


weighing  over  1,300  pounds  at  the  age  of  eighteen  months,  proved  a  magnificent 
breeder.  The  cow  Kero  gave  14,000  Ibs.  of  milk  in  one  year  on  common  feed, 
testing  4.4  Ibs.  butter  fat. 

The  heifer  Nettie  Langspeen  has  never  been  defeated  in  the  show  ring  since 
owned  by  him,  and  she  is  now  giving  25  Ibs.  of  milk  daily,  and  has  been  milk- 
ing eight  months. 

In  the  same  year,  1887,  the  neighboring  farmers  concluded  that  they 
wanted  a  creamery  built  at  Carthage,  and  erected  one  at  the  cost  of  $8,000,  of 
which  Mr.  Holdeman  took  two  shares,  and  was  selected  to  act  as  secretary  and 
manager.  After  starting,  some  of  the  patrons,  especially  the  Jersey  men,  said 
they  could  not  afford  to  sell  their  rich  milk  for  the  same  price  Mr.  Holdeman 
was  getting  for  his  "blue  Holstein"  milk.  4' 

Mr.  Holdeman  had  in  the  meantime  traded  for  another  herd  of  registered 
cows,  and  was  sending  a  big  lot  of  the  "blue  milk"  to  the  creamery.  The 
creamery  patrons  then  purchased  a  Babcock  test,  and  the  butter  maker  was 
instructed  to  test  the  "blue  Holstein  milk."  but,  to  their  great  surprise,  they 
found  the  "blue  milk"  was  second  to  none,  testing  as  high  as  5  per  cent  fat. 

In  1892  Mr.  Holdeman  made  a  sale  on  his  farm,  disposing  of  forty  head  of 
registered  and  grade  cows  and  heifers.  The  registered  cattle  averaged  $83. 
His  present  herd  is  not  a  large  one,  but  of  excellent  quality,  consisting  of  such 
strains  as  Mechthilde,  Kere,  Parthenea  and  Mahomet.  The  milk  is  at  present 
sold  on  the  retail  market  in  Carthage  for  ten  cents  per  gallon  at  the  door. 

Mr.  Holdeman  finds  the  Holsteins  very  gentle  and  docile  cattle,  giving 
plenty  of  good  milk,  and  he  does  not  have  to  feed  them  twelve  months  to  get 
milk  six  months  of  the  time.  The  calves  are  large  and  strong,  easily  trained 
to  drink  out  of  a  bucket,  and  grow  faster  and  larger  than  those  of  other  breeds. 
They  give  more  millk,  which  makes  more  butter  and  cheese,  than  any  other 
breed  which  he  has  milked,  including  Shorthorns  and  Jerseys,  of  which  latter 
he  thinks  that,  if  he  had  them  to  keep,  he  would  have  to  do  so  at  a  loss,  and 
thus  concludes  that  the  breed  of  cattle  that  an  enterprising  farmer  should  keep 
is  one  that  excels  in  the  product  of  milk,  butter,  cheese  and  beef,  and  which 
he  states  is  most  certainly  the  large  black-and-white  sort,  called  Holstein- 
Friesian. 

MR.  CHARLES  HOUGHTON  of  Boston,  Mass.,  the  first  secretary  of  The  Associ- 
ation of  Breeders  of  Pure-bred  Holstein  Cattle  and  of  the  Holstein  Breeders' 
Association,  died  on  May  18,  1891,  at  his  residence  in  Brookline,  Mass.,  at  the 
age  of  70  years.  He  was  born  and  reared  upon  a  farm  at  Putney,  Windham 
county,  Vermont,  and  was  a  thorough  farmer  and  was  known  as  the  most 
expert  handler  of  live  stock  of  all  sorts  in  that  section  when  a  young  man. 

He  was  a  graduate  of  the  famous  old  academy  at  Chester,  Vt.,  and  after- 
wards studied  law  with  Hon.  E.  W.  Stoughton.  He  was  admitted  to  the 
Suffolk  bar  in  Boston  in  1856,  and  immediately  entered  into  active  practice, 
which  he  continued  up  to  the  time  of  his  sudden  demise 

After  several  years  in  Boston  he  turned  his  attention  more  especially  to 
patent  law,  and  was  widely  known  from  his  connection  with  inventions  relat- 
ing to  the  manufacture  of  boots  and  shoes,  particularly  the  famous  McKay 
sewing  machine.  Many  other  inventions  of  a  highly  important  character  were 
by  him  brought  out  and  placed  before  the  public.  He  achieved  great  success 
in  his  profession,  and  was  highly  esteemed  in  legal  circles  and  socially. 

Having  always  retained  the  old  homestead  in  Putney,  he  set  about  its 
improvement  and  fitted  it  up  in  a  practical  manner  and  improved  it  in  every 
way,  until  it  became  known  as  one  of  the  finest  and  model  farms  of  New  Eng- 
land. 

He  was  intimately  acquainted  with  the  late  W.  W.  Chenery  of  Belmont, 
Mass.,  the  pioneer  importer  and  breeder  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  cattle,  and 
early  recognizing  their  great  value,  made  his  first  purchase  and  founded  the 
Houghton  Farm  herd  in  1866.  He  was  the  first  customer  that  Mr.  Chenery 
had,  and  therefore  the  second  man  in  America  to  establish  a  herd  of  the  famous 
Dutch  cattle,  as  they  were  then  called. 

In  1871,  in  connection  with  Mr.  Chenery,  Mr.  Thomas  B.  Wales,  Mr.  C.  C. 
Walworth  and  Mr.  William  A.  Russell,  he  organized  the  Association  of  Breed- 
ers of  Thoroughbred  Holstein  Cattle,  and  became  its  secretary  and  treasurer, 
thus  starting  the  first  record  of  purity  of  blood  of  this  breed  that  the  world 


J.   M.   HAM. 


SOME  AMERICAN   BREEDERS.  269 


had  known.  Upon  the  death  of  Mr.  Chenery,  who  had  prepared  and  published 
a  volume  of  the  Herd-Book  at  his  own  risk  financially,  but  "  by  authority  "  of 
the  association,  Mr.  Houghton  began  to  keep  the  records  and  prepare  the  herd- 
books  from  time  to  time  as  secretary.  He  thus,  in  his  early  days,  largely  con- 
ceived and  carried  out  the  plans  which  have  resulted  in  placing  the  present 
association  before  the  world,  the  most  successful  organization  of  its  kind. 

He  drew  the  charter  and  by-laws  for  the  Hplstein  Breeders'  Association, 
which  was  the  successor  of  the  original  association,  and  was,  during  his  long 
connection  with  the  breed,  a  most  careful  conservator  of  what  he  believed  to  be 
its  true  interest,  and  was  active  and  vigilant  in  everything  which  had  any 
bearing  upon  the  subject  and  would  advance  the  breed. 

MR.  SOLOMON  HOXIE  of  Yorkville,  N.  Y.,  was  born  at  Brookside,  N.  Y.,  in 
1829,  and  in  1833  his  parents  moved  to  Edmeston,  N/ Y.,  which  town  was  at  the 
time  largely  owned  by  the  heirs  of  Col.  Robert  Edmeston,  who  had  received  it 
by  grant  from  the  King  of  England.  Owing  to  circumstances  connected  with 
foreign  ownership,  this  tract  of  country  was  only  partly  settled,  and  the  priva- 
tions and  experiences  of  the  settlers  were  somewhat  similar  to  those  of  earlier 
pioneer  life. 

Mr.  Hoxie  in  1874  united  with  others  in  forming  the  Unadilla  Valley  Stock 
Breeders'  Association,  which  for  many  years  was  one  of  the  largest  and  most 
progressive  societies  of  its  kind  in  the  country.  It  was  located  in  the  northern 
part  of  the  Unadilla  Valley,  in  the  counties  of  Otsego,  Chenango  and  Madison, 
and  for  convenience  of  access  to  the  public  a  fine  farm  was  purchased  in  1876 
at  Whitestown,  in  Oneida  county.  Here  a  part  of  their  herd  was  kept  for 
exhibition  and  sale,  under  the  care  of  Mr.  Hoxie,  who  was  one  of  the  executive 
committee  of  the  association.  The  remainder  of  the  herd  was  kept  in  various 
parts  of  the  Unadilla  Valley,  in  charge  of  another  member  of  the  committee. 
The  history  of  this  association  would  form  a  long  and  interesting  story,  for  its 
part  in  the  introduction  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  breed  was  a  series  of  skillful, 
aggressive  moves  which  placed  their  cattle  in  the  front  ranks  as  prize-winners 
and  producers. 

In  1876  Mr.  Hoxie  moved  to  Whitestown,  to  better  look  after  the  associa- 
tion's interests,  and  still  resides  there,  though  through  the  establishment  of  a 
new  post-office  his  address  was  changed  to  Yorkville. 

In  1879  he  went  to  Europe  as  the  agent  of  the  Unadilla  Valley  Stock  Breed- 
ers' Association,  for  the  purpose  of  purchasing  and  importing  cattle;  and  again 
in  1880,  accompanied  by  Mr.  Irwin  Langworthy,  he  visited  Holland  and 
selected  the  noted  bull  Mooie,  26  D.-F.  H.  B.  In  1882  he  made  another  trip, 
this  time  in  company  with  Mr.  S.  Burchard,  of  Hamilton,  N.  Y.,  who  is  one  of 
the  inspectors  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association;  Mr.  Cornelius  Baldwin,  of 
Nelson,  O.,  the  famous  expert  on  dairy  cattle;  and  Mr.  L.  C.  Payne,  of  Gar- 
rettsville,  O.,  who  has  long  been  prominent  as  a  breeder.  This  visit  was  the 
longest  which  Mr.  Hoxie  had  yet  made,  and  he  remained  in  Europe  for  six 
months,  studying  not  only  the  characteristics  of  Holstein-Friesian  cattle,  but 
also  those  of  the  Islands  of  Jersey  and  Guernsey,  and  other  places. 

In  1879  Mr.  Hoxie  was  made  the  secretary  of  the  Dutch-Friesian  Herd  Book 
Association,  and  filled  the  position  with  rare  ability  and  good  judgment  until 
the  formation  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  in  1885.  He  was  also  during 
these  years  the  editor  of  the  herd  book,  and  prepared  and  published  volumes 
containing  a  large  amount  of  interesting  and  valuable  information.  In  1885  he 
was  elected  an  honorary  life  member  of  the  Friesian  Herd  Book  Association  of 
Europe,  an  honor  we  believe  possessed  by  no  other  American  breeder. 

Mr.  Hoxie  has  written  much  on  the  subject  of  Holstein-Friesian  cattle,  and 
portions  of  his  work  have  been  translated  into  Hollandish,  and  published  in 
Europe.  He  is  a  most  interesting  writer.  One  of  his  best  efforts,  perhaps,  was 
an  article  which  was  published  by  Harper's  Monthly,  in  August,  1888,  though 
many  articles  of  equal  value  have  been  prepared  for,  and  published  in,  the 
Register,  which  have  called  out  much  praise  from  its  readers,  and  have  been 
widely  quoted  by  the  agricultural  press. 

But  Mr.  Hoxie's  life  work,  and  that  which  must  survive  to  distinguish  him 
in  the  history  of  the  improvement  of  live  stock,  is  the  Advanced  Registry,  sev- 
eral volumes  of  which  he  has  most  carefully  edited  and  prepared  for  the  Hol- 
stein-Friesian Association,  which  has  adopted  the  system.  We  regret  we  are 


JOHN   D.   HARP. 


SOME  AMERICAN   BREEDERS.  271 


unable  in  this  short  sketch  to  do  justice  to  his  work  in  this  direction,  but  it  is 
sufficient,  perhaps,  for  our  purposes  to  say  that  the  idea  (which,  by  the  way, 
Mr.  Hoxie  modestly  declines  to  claim  as  of  his  origin)  is  regarded  in  all  coun- 
tries by  the  associations  whose  ©bject  is  the  improvement  of  live  stock  as  the 
most  valuable  and  progressive  step  taken  since  the  registration  of  pure  breed- 
ing began.  Upon  this  point  Mr.  Hoxie  says : 

"I  think  I  have  no  claim  to  the  origin  of  the  idea  of  advanced  registry.  It 
seems  to  have  existed  in  many  minds  in  a  nebulous  form;  in  fact,  it  was  hinted 
at  in  some  of  our  leading  agricultural  journals.  If  I  can  claim  any  credit,  it  is 
only  that  of  having  given  distinct  form  to  it.  And  in  this  I  must  say  that  I 
think  Gerrit  S.  Miller,  Cornelius  Baldwin,  W.  G.  Powell,  E.  A.  Powell,  and  per- 
haps others,  are  deserving  of  quite  as  much  credit  as  myself.  After  it  was  thus 
given  form  it  would  have  failed,  for  a  time,  had  it  not  received  the  support  of 
such  men  as  T.  G.  Yeomans  and  W.  Brown  Smith.  My  confidence  in  advanced 
registry  has  always  been  unlimited,  and  now  I  look  forward  to  a  necessary 
adoption  of  its  fundamental  principles  by  breeders  of  all  kinds  of  thoroughbred 
stock.  It  must  be  so,  and  in  the  near  future,  for  this  simple  reason:  As  such 
stock  multiplies,  two  opposite  movements  are  constantly  going  on — one  of 
improvement,  the  other  of  degeneration:  the  former  in  the  hands  of  skillful 
breeders,  the  latter  in  the  hands  of  unskillful  breeders;  the  difference  between 
the  extremes  constantly  widening,  until,  on  the  one  hand,  it  is  no  better  than 
scrub  stock,  while  on  the  other  it  is  royal  in  character.  As  time  goes  on  a  sep- 
aration in  registry  as  well  as  in  character  is  inevitable,  and  the  easiest  and 
most  natural  way  by  which  it  can  take  place  is  through  a  system  of  advanced 
registry." 

MR.  EDGAR  HUIDEKOPER  of  Meadville,  Pa.,  was  born  in  Meadville  March  10, 
1845,  attended  the  Phillips  Exeter  Academy,  1862-1864,  graduated  at  Harvard, 
1868,  and  took  a  degree  of  A.  M.,  1871.  He  has  been  secretary  and  treasurer  of 
The  Meadville  Agricultural  Works  ;  assistant  treasurer  of  the  Meadville  Theo- 
logical School,  1869,  and  treasurer  since  October  4,  1879  ;  secretary  of  the  Mead- 
ville Water  Company  since  1886  and  treasurer  since  January  2,  1894  ;  president 
of  Spencer  Hospital,  Meadville,  since  1888  ;  president  Holstein-Friesian  Associ- 
ation of  America,  1889-1890  ;  president  Meadville,  Conneaut  Lake  &  Linesville 
railroad,  1891  ;  treasurer  Meadville  Conservatory  of  Music  since  1890. 

Mr.  Huidekoper  has  been  one  of  the  most  extensive  importers  of  Holstein- 
Friesian  cattle,  going  to  Holland  for  this  purpose  no  less  than  eight  times,  and 
bringing  over  312  very  choice  animals. 

On  March  31,  1878,  Mr.  Huidekoper  imported  two  bulls,  Akkerman,  461, 
and  Anton,  462,  and  ten  heifers,  among  them  the  well  known  Violet,  743,  and 
Hykolina,  746,  Wilhelmina,  739,  Cecilia,  748,  and  Saapke,  736,  all  having  made 
large  records.  On  December  5,  1878,  he  imported  four  bulls  and  four  heifers, 
including  Wouter,  460.  On  November  10,  1881,  he  imported  two  bulls  and 
twenty-one  cows  and  heifers,  including  the  beautiful  show  cow  Klara,  3020. 
On  September  18,  1882,  he  imported  two  bulls  and  thirty-two  heifers,  including 
Peterina,  2960,  a  successful  prize  winner.  On  December  8,  1883,  he  imported 
nine  cows  and  ninety-two  heifers,  among  which  was  Cybele,  5291,  now  having 
a  record  of  100^  Ibs.  of  milk  in  a  day.  On  February  27,  1884,  he  imported  100 
cows  and  heifers,  Including  the  grand  cows,  Jenny  Wren,  10377  (Isabella,  885 
N.  R.  S.),  and  her  dam,  Isabella,  884  N.  R.  S.  On  September  29,  1884,  he 
imported  thirty-four  cows  and  heifers.  On  May  7,  1885,  he  imported  the  cele- 
brated prize  bull  of  Holland,  De  Brave  Hendrik. 

In  1880  when  on  a  visit  to  Gerrit  S.  Miller,  of  Peterboro,  N.  Y.,  Mr.  Huide- 
koper saw  Billy  Boelyn,  189,  and  quietly  determined  to  own  him  when  possible. 
After  waiting  two  years  he  found  Mr.  Miller  ready  to  name  a  price  on  the  bull, 
and  Mr.  Huidekoper  immediately  bought  Billy  Boelyn,  which  he  showed  with 
such  wonderful  success  through  the  seasons  of  1882-83.  Upon  this  remarkable 
trip  the  following  list  of  prizes  was  won  with  this  bull,  viz.:  Billy  Boelyn,  with 
his  herd,  winner  of  the  gold  medal  prize  for  tbe  best  herd  at  New  York 
State  Fair,  1880;  first  prize,  Ohio  State  Fair,  1882;  first  prize,  Pennsylvania  State 
Fair,  1882;  first  prize,  best  bull,  any  age,  Pennsylvania  State  Fair,  1882;  first 
prize,  sweepstakes  herd  (one  bull  and  four  cows),  Pennsylvania  State  Fair, 
1882;  first  prize,  Mahoning  and  Chenango  Valley  Fair,  1882;  first  prize,  sweep- 
stakes best  herd,  Mahoning  and  Chenango  Valley  Fair,  1882  ;  first  prize  sweep- 


FRED  E.   HARRIMAN. 


SOME   AMERICAN   BREEDERS.  273 


stakes  herd  (one  bull  and  four  cows),  Ohio  State  Fair,  1883;  first  prize,  best 
bull  three  years  old  and  over,  Tri-State  Fair,  1883;  first  prize,  best  herd  (one 
bull  and  four  cows),  sweepstakes,  Tri-State  Fair,  1883;  first  prize,  best  herd, 
sweepstakes,  Mahoning  and  Chenango  Valley  Fair.  1883. 

The  Bulletin  of  the  Ohio  State  Board  of  Agriculture  for  1882  reports: 
"Before  entering  upon  the  examination  of  this  breed  the  awarding  committee 
agreed  upon  the  following  rules,  by  which  their  decision  would  be  guided: 

"1st.     Considered  in  their  relation  to  the  dairy. 

"2d.  Considered  in  their  relation  to  the  shambles.  Any  animal,  in  their 
judgment,  combining  the  greatest  amount  of  excellence,  viewed  from  this 
standpoint,  would  be  entitled  to  the  first  premium,  etc. 

"  The  practical  application  of  this  rule  tied  the  red  ribbon  on  Billy  Boelyn's 
horn,  the  finest  bull  of  the  breed  I  ever  saw.  Short  legged,  broad,  level  back, 
straight  on  rump,  ribs  well  sprung,  and  covered  with  a  mellow  hide,  resting  on 
wonderfully  soft  tissues.  He  is  modelled  more  after  the  Shorthorn  than  Fries- 
ian  type.  The  second  premium  went  to  Mooie,  a  large  animal  of  the  true 
Holstein  type,  one  that  has  been  a  successful  campaigner.  Taken  as  a  whole, 
this  was  a  fine  show  of  Holstein  bulls." 

Mr.  Huidekoper  states  that  Billy  Boelyn  has  won  more  prizes  and  sired 
more  prize  bulls  and  bulls  which  stand  at  the  head  of  leading  herds  than  any 
bull  living  or  dead.  His  weight  in  prime  condition  is  2,080  Ibs.  Ten  of  Billy 
Boelyn's  descendants  won  prizes  at  the  New  York  Dairy  Show  in  May,  1887, 
including  Sir  Henry  of  Maple  wood,  who  with  his  get  won  the  most  coveted 
prize  offered,  for  best  bull  and  progeny.  He  imparts  his  good  qualities  to  his 
offspring.  His  daughters  are,  as  a  rule,  better  milkers  than  their  dams.  Billy 
Boelyn  is  the  sire  of  Copia,  97  Ibs.  one  day,  and  2,747f  Ibs.  in  thirty-one  days, 
and  sire  of  Pledge,  92|  Ibs.  in  one  day,  2,577|  Ibs.  in  thirty-one  days.  No  other 
bull  has  the  honor  of  two  daughters  which  give  90  Ibs.  of  milk  in  a  day. 

Mr.  Huidekoper  was  awarded  during  the  years  1879  to  1883  at  the  only  State 
fairs  where  his  herd  was  exhibited,  thirty  first  prizes  in  all  classes,  many  of 
them  sweepstakes.  In  addition  to  these  were  130  other  prizes  at  county  fairs, 
and  Mr.  Huidekoper  for  twelve  years  had  in  his  herd  the  great  prize  bull  of 
Holland,  De  Brave  Hendrik,  No.  199  N.  R.  S.,  230  H.  F.  H.  B.,  who  won  the 
following  prizes  there:  Committee  prize,  Alkmaar,  March,  1882;  committee 
prize,  Holland  Agricultural  Society,  Gouda,  September,  1882;  prize  bull,  Alk- 
maar, August,  1883;  first  prize,  International  Agricultural  Exhibition,  Amster- 
dam, August,  1884;  prize  medal,  International  Agricultural  Exhibition,  Am- 
sterdam, August,  1884. 

In  March,  1883,  the  Committee  of  Agriculture  selected  fifty  bulls  in  Hol- 
land, and  from  those  fifty  selected  and  designated  De  Brave  Hendrik  as  the 
first  and  best  bull  to  stand  in  North  Holland.  De  Brave  Hendrik  comes  from  a 
great  milking  family.  He  indicates  the  great  milking  tendency  in  his  breed- 
ing, and  imparts  to  his  heifers  perfect  model  udders.  His  sons  have  teats  like 
heifers'  teats.  Mr.  Huidekoper  confidently  believes  that  De  Brave  Hendrik 
was  the  most  magnificent  Holstein  bull  in  the  world. 

Mr.  Huidekoper  is  a  breeder  who  always  fully  appreciated  the  saying  that 
"a  bull  is  one-half  of  the  herd,"  and,  when  Billy  Boelyn  increased  in  age,  he 
imported  De  Brave  Hendrik,  230,  the  grandest  bull  that  Holland  could  produce. 
Billy  Boelyn  remained  in  the  herd  until  fifteen  years  of  age,  and  De  Brave 
Hendrik  until  twelve  years  old.  Later  bulls  in  the  herd  have  been:  Pietertje 
Netherland,  12804,  a  descendant  of  Lady  Netherland  and  Pietertje  2d;  Violet 
Prince,  4209,  and  Violet  King,  4210,  sons  of  the  dairy  queen,  Violet;  Peterina's 
Billy  Boelyn,  3156,  a  son  of  Billy  Boelyn  and  Peterina,  a  cow  who  never  met 
defeat  in  the  show  ring. 

At  the  present  time  the  bulls  at  the  head  of  the  herd  are:  Lady  Fay's  Monk, 
17253,  a  son  of  Netherland  Monk  and  Lady  Fay;  together  with  Brandi,  20770,  a 
double  grandson  of  Billy  Boelyn,  and  grandson  of  De  Brave  Hendrik. 

Mr.  Huidekoper  whose  wide  experience  amply  qualifies  him  to  speak,  says : 
Holland,  or  Holstein  cattle,  combine  more  desirable  qualities  than  any  other 
breed  of  cattle.  Their  color  is  black  and  white,  in  picturesque  and  distinct 
marks,  variegated  or  mottled.  They  possess  wonderfully  strong  and  vigorous 
constitutions.  They  are  extremely  hardy  and  of  healthy  digestive  organiza- 
tion. Both  bulls  and  cows  are  docile  and  quiet  in  disposition.  They  mature 
early,  both  as  milkers  and  as  beef  cattle.  They  readily  adapt  themselves  to 
change  of  soil  and  climate.  They  are  unrivalled  as  milk  producers,  and  as 


JOSEPH   HAVILAND. 


SOME  AMERICAN   BREEDERS.  275 

butter  makers  surpass  any  other  breed.  As  beef  cattle  they  will  compare  fav- 
orably with  any  of  the  noted  beef  breeds.  Holsteins  combine  milk,  cheese, 
butter  and  beef  far  more  successfully  than  any  other  breed,  and  therefore  are 
the  most  desirable  for  general  purposes. 

Heifers  two  years  old  give  from  30  to  50  Ibs.,  60  Ibs.,  and  even  80  Ibs.  and 
over  of  milk  per  day  ;  yielding  6,000  to  10,000  Ibs.  during  the  first  year.  Older 
cows  give  50  to  80  Ibs.,  with  many  records  of  90  Ibs.,  and  as  high  as  112  Ibs.  per 
day,  and  yield  usually  10,000  to  15,000  Ibs.  per  year  ;  while  some  yield  16,000  to 
30,000  Ibs.  per  year.  They  hold  out  nearly  the  whole  year.  Large  milkers  are 
the  rule,  not  the  exception.  My  cows  have  never  been  forced  with  feed  nor 
they  ever  been  fed  any  milk. 

It  is  only  recently  that  special  attention  has  been  paid  to  the  butter  qualities 
of  Holstein  cows,  and  the  results  prove  that  they  far  surpass  all  other  breeds 
as  butter  makers,  in  quality  of  butter  as  well  as  quantity.  Young  cows  two 
years  old  have  made  from  8  to  21  Ibs.  of  butter  in  one  week,  and  mature  cows 
make  from  12  to  30  Ibs.  per  week.  At  the  New  York  Cattle  and  Dairy  Show, 
May,  1887,  unquestionably  the  largest  and  best  exhibition  of  the  kind  ever  held 
in  this  country,  between  400  and  500  choice  representatives  of  the  various 
breeds  being  represented,  sweepstakes  for  best  milch  cow  of  any  breed  was 
won  by  a  Holstein.  Sweepstakes  for  best  butter  cow  of  any  breed,  the  one  pro- 
ducing the  largest  quantity  of  butter  during  twenty-four  consecutive  hours  of 
the  exhibition,  was  won  by  a  Holstein,  in  competition  with  Jerseys  and  a  Guern- 
sey. She  made  2  Ibs.  7£  oz.  butter  in  twenty-four  hours  from  63  Ibs.  1-J  oz. 
milk.  Holstein  butter  won  first  prize  on  5  Ibs.  package,  thirty-eight  entries 
representing  the  various  dairy  breeds  in  competition.  Holstein  butter  won 
second  and  third  prizes  on  30  Ibs.  package,  eighteen  entries  in  competition. 
Holsteins  now  wear  the  laurels  for  butter. 

The  readiness  with  which  Holstein  cows  take  on  flesh  when  dry  is  not  sur- 
passed by  that  of  any  other  breed,  and  the  quality  of  the  beef  is  of  the  finest, 
the  fat  being  well  distributed  among  the  lean.  Calves  frequently  weigh  from 
90  to  120  Ibs.  They  gain  rapidly  in  growth,  making  from  2|  to  5  Ibs.  per  day. 
Matured  bulls  usually  weigh  2,000  to  2,500  Ibs.  One-year-old  heifers  frequently 
weigh  800  Ibs.;  cows  two  years  old  and  older  weigh  from  1,000  to  1,800  Ibs. 

Holstein  grades  and  crosses  are  a  great  success;  the  heifers  make  great 
milkers  and  the  steers  attain  a  rapid  growth  and  large  size  at  early  age. 

MR.  LE  ROY  F.  JUDD  of  Lancaster,  Wisconsin,  of  whom  the  engraving  is  a  fair 
likeness  at  the  age  of  twenty-one,  is  a  descendant  of  the  old  Judd  family  so  well 
and  popularly  known  in  agricultural  circles  in  southern  New  York,  the  region 
around  Elmira  and  Attica. 

Le  Roy  is  the  son  of  Henry  C.  Judd  with  whom  he  is  associated  in  the  stock 
business.  Henry  C.  was  born  in  Genesee  county,  one  of  New  York's  richest 
counties. 

The  old  Judd  estate  lies  in  the  rich  valley  of  the  Genesee  river,  about  six- 
teen miles  out  from  Attica.  This  valley  is  among  the  most  productive  in  the 
great  banner  state  of  the  Union.  It  is  equal  in  fertility  to  the  richest  of  the 
Mohawk  valley.  Here  is  where  he  has  spent  his  boyhood  days  in  agricultural 
pursuits  and  the  rearing  and  handling  of  fine  stock. 

Henry  C.  Judd  early  in  life  acquired  a  love  for  the  rich  prairies  of  our 
Western  country.  He  visited  the  then  pioneer  counties  of  western  Wisconsin 
and  took  a  great  delight  in  the  valley  lands  of  the  great  Mississippi.  After 
some  time  spent  in  careful  observation  as  to  the  best  point  in  which  to  settle, 
he  pitched  his  tent  in  Grant  county,  Wisconsin,  twenty  miles  from  the  bank  of 
the  Mississippi.  For  nearly  thirty  years  he  has  been  prominent  among  the 
citizens  of  western  Wisconsin. 

No  one  farmer  has  probably  done  more  to  advance  the  agricultural  inter- 
ests in  this  part  of  the  great  state  of  Wisconsin  than  Henry  C.  Judd.  He  was 
married  in  Grand  county  to  Ella  Paterson,  a  member  of  the  Paterson  family  so 
favorably  known  in  this  part  of  the  state  among  the  leaders  in  agricultural  pur- 
suits. Mr.  H.  C.  Judd  and  his  son  Le  Roy  F.  made  a  strong  team  of  workers 
in  the  building  up  of  one  of  the  finest  farm  homes  in  western  Wisconsin. 

Although  coming  from  a  dairy  state,  Mr.  Judd  has  been  engaged  in  the 
rearing  of  Shorthorns  from  pure-bred  stock.  But  for  a  number  of  years  past 
he  has  been  in  the  dairy  business,  during  which  time  he  has  tested  a  number  of 


t 


H.  N.   HOLDEMAN. 


SOME  AMERICAN   BREEDERS.  277 

different  breeds  for  the  dairy  business,  and  settled  on  the  Holstein  as  the  profit- 
able breed  to  handle. 

Henry  C.  is  now  advanced  in  years,  but  his  eldest  son,  Le  Roy  F.,  is  the 
active  manager  of  the  stock  farm.  He  is  handling  one  of  the  fine  herds  of  pure- 
breds  in  Wiscbnsin.  He  was  reared  in  this  rich  valley  where  crops  never  fail 
and  rains  come  about  to  suit  the  convenience  ;  and  has  been  a  handler  of  fine 
stock  all  his  life.  "  Turn  the  cows  in  at  the  gate  "  is  the  family  joke  upon  him, 
which  simply  means  to  the  reader  that  Le  Roy  F.  is  a  great  lover  of  fine  cows. 
He  was  graduated  from  the  agricultural  department  of  the  State  University, 
and  is  consequently  up  with  the  theory  as  well  as  the  practice  of  handling  fine 
stock.  He  states:  "  We  are  Holstein  men  from  the  ground  up.  We  know 
what  we  are  doing  because  we  have  tried  all  of  the  best  breeds,  and  find  the 
Holstein  a  long  way  in  the  lead.  We  have  in  our  herd  a  member  of  the  dis- 
tinguished Parthenea  family  as  a  herd  bull ;  Mercedes,  A  aggie,  Netherland, 
Astrea,  Echo  and  Scholton  families  are  also  represented  here.  Our  Nettie 
Scholton  is  hardly  equalled  by  any  other  cow  in  the  state.  Her  record  of  93 
Ibs.  of  milk  in  one  day  and  30  Ibs.  14  oz.  of  butter  in  one  week  stands  among 
the  lead  of  great  cows.  We  are  here  to  stay  in  the  Holstein  business." 

MR.  C.  H.  KRUEGER  of  Lisbon,  la.,  proprietor  of  the  Lisbon  Valley  Stock 
Farm,  was  born  in  Germany.  He  came  to  this  country  in  1872,  and  has  han- 
dled fine  cattle  all  his  life.  He  moved  to  Iowa  in  1879,  and  settled  in  Lisbon. 

Mr.  Krueger  was  married  in  1883,  as  he  states,  to  "the  best  woman  in 
Iowa."  She  was  a  farmer's  daughter,  and  took  great  delight  in  fine  cows;  and 
together  they  embarked  in  the  business  of  handling  Holsteins  a  little  less  than 
ten  years  ago.  They  had  tried  common  cows  for  dairying,  but  soon  learned 
that  the  Holsteins  were  far  more  profitable,  and  began  to  keep  them  exclu- 
sively. They  now  have  one  of  the  best-bred  herds,  and  some  of  the  best  indi- 
vidual cows,  in  Iowa.  A  large  number  of  their  cows  are  in  Advanced  Registry. 

An  agricultural  college  man  who  examined  this  herd  not  long  ago  said  it 
was  the  finest  herd  of  cows  he  had  ever  seen.  Three  cows  in  this  herd  this  sea- 
son (1896)  took  premiums  in  the  competitive  test  for  officially-authenticated 
records  made  by  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association.  The  Kruegers  have  sold 
during  the  past  few  years  a  large  number  of  bulls,  and  heifers,  and  cows,  and 
their  customers  are  always  highly  pleased  with  the  stock.  A  member  of  their 
herd,  Bryonia  Albia,  won  second  prize  in  the  great  test,  in  which  there  were 
nearly  a  hundred  cows  in  competition,  and  about  twenty  winners.  Mech- 
thilde's  Sir  Henry  of  Maplewood  is  one  of  the  sires  of  this  herd,  and  by  them  is 
considered  the  greatest  of  sires. 

MR.  SAMUEL  A.  LANGDON,  now  of  Morrison,  111.,  was  born  on  June  17, 1833, 
in  Berkshire  county,  Massachusetts.  His  father,  Amos  Langdon,  was  an 
extensive  farmer  and  stock  breeder  and  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
Legislature  in  1840  and  in  1852.  Young  Langdon  remained  on  the  farm  with 
his  father  during  his  minority,  and  received  his  education  in  the  common 
schools  and  a  business  course  at  Bacon's  Commercial  College  at  Cincinnati,  O. 

At  the  age  of  twenty-two  years  he  went  to  Ross  county,  Ohio,  and  was  for 
several  years  station  agent  at  the  town  of  Lyndon  on  what  is  now  the  Balti- 
more &  Ohio  Southwestern  railroad.  He  was  also  engaged  in  the  grain  trade 
and  merchandise  up  to  1865,  when  he  was  elected  treasurer  of  Ross  county  and 
re-elected  in  1867  and  removed  to  Chillicothe,  the  county  seat,  and  served  four 
years  in  that  capacity. 

His  health  being  somewhat  impaired  by  the  close  application  to  business, 
and  his  family  also  being  in  poor  health  and  thinking  a  change  of  climate  would 
be  beneficial,  he  removed  in  1871  to  Whiteside  county,  Illinois,  and  purchased  a 
farm  near  the  city  of  Morrison.  His  first  intention  was  to  engage  in  the  breed- 
ing of  Shorthorn  cattle,  but  this  breed  not  proving  satisfactory,  in  1881  he 
purchased  his  first  Holstein  cattle,  five  cows  and  a  bull.  In  this  lot  was  the 
celebrated  cow  Minnie  Winkle,  No.  405  H.  H.  B.;  a  cut  of  this  cow  will  be 
found  in  Vol.  3,  H.  F.  H.  B.  She  was  a  noted  show  animal  at  that  time  and 
one  of  the  best  of  the  breed. 

The  starting  of  this  herd  was  the  first  herd  of  pure  bred  Holsteins  in 
Whiteside  county.  They  were  a  great  curiosity  as  many  had  never  seen  any- 
thing of  the  kind. 


CHARLES;  HOUGHTON. 


SOME   AMERICAN  BREEDERS.  279 

From  this  herd  has  been  produced  many  splendid  animals ;  but  as  Mr. 
Langdon  has  not  kept  his  stock  for  the  purpose  of  making  large  records,  his 
animals  do  not  appear  in  the  advanced  records.  The  object  has  been  to  produce 
animals  that  with  the  ordinary  keeping  given  by  dairy  farmers  will  produce 
the  best  results. 

One  animal  now  in  the  herd  produced  in  seven  days  21  Ibs.  11  oz.  of  butter; 
this  on  pasture  feed  only,  having  no  grain  feed  for  four  weeks  previous  to  the 
test,  and  making  1  Ib.  of  butter  to  20  Ibs.  of  milk.  This,  Mr.  Langdon  thinks, 
is  the  true  test  of  the  value  of  a  cow  without  any  forcing. 

He  has  always  had  at  the  head  of  the  herd  the  best  sires,  such  as  the 
descendants  of  Mink,  Mercedes  and  Pietertje  2d. 

Mr.  Langdon  removed  from  the  farm  to  Morrison  in  February,  1894,  his 
health  being  such  that  he  was  not  able  to  give  his  stock  his  personal  attention  ; 
but  the  farm  is  still  stocked  with  Holstein-Friesian  cattle. 

Mr.  Langdon's  family  consists  of  a  wife  and  five  children;  the  oldest,  a 
daughter,  Elsie  L.,  and  a  son,  Porter  B.,  are  married,  and  are  residents  of  Ster- 
ling, 111.  Buel  A.  is  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  Morrison  Record,  a  paper 
published  at  Morrison,  111.  The  two  younger  sons,  Ross  S.  and  Clark  E.,  are 
at  home  and  are  members  of  the  Morrison  High  School.  Not  a  member  of  the 
family  either  drinks  whiskey  or  uses  tobacco  in  any  form. 

MR.  J.  W.  LA  GRANGE  of  Franklin,  Ind.,  was  born  November  1,  1865,  on 
the  farm  where  he  resides.  He  moved  to  Franklin  with  his  parents  when  nine 
years  old,  and  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  there,  and  finished  his  stud- 
ies at  Hanover  College,  where  he  was  graduated  in  1886.  He  then  took  charge 
of  the  old  homestead. 

That  fall  the  editor  of  one  of  the  local  papers  had  a  Holstein  heifer,  which 
he  bought  for  a  milch  cow,  but  concluded  he  did  not  have  time  to  care  for  her, 
and  she  was  purchased  by  the  firm  of  W.  H.  La  Grange  &  Son.  She  was  a  good 
one,  and  since  then  has  made  a  record  of  84  Ibs.  of  milk  in  one  day,  and  23  Ibs. 
and  4  oz.  of  butter  in  seven  days.  Thus  encouraged  the  firm  bought  a  bull  and 
subsequently  picked  up  many  other  Holsteins,  until,  with  the  natural  increase, 
they  now  have  about  seventy  head  of  pure-bred  cattle.  Messrs.  La  Grange 
state  that  they  are  in  the  business  to  stay,  and  are  making  money  in  the  dairy 
with  their  cows,  and  have  a  good  trade,  both  for  young  cattle  and  their 
dairy  products,  selling  cream  in  Indianapolis. 

In  the  show  yards  the  Wellswood  Place  herd  has  a  most  creditable  record, 
and  in  eight  years'  showing  has  never  lost  the  herd  prize,  but  on  two  occasions 
to  a  Jersey  herd  when  coming  into  competition  with  them. 

Mr.  La  Grange  is  a  member  of  the  Indiana  State  Board  of  Agriculture  from 
the  Fourth  District,  having  been  elected  in  1894,  and  re-elected  in  1896. 

MR.  M.  E.  MOORE  of  Cameron,  Mo.,  is  a  native  of  Parkman,  Geauga  county, 
Ohio,  and  was  born  January  6,  1847.  He  was  reared  at  his  birthplace,  spend- 
ing his  boyhood  days  on  a  dairy  farm  where  were  made  some  of  what  is  known 
as  the  "  Western  Reserve  Cheese."  He  received  his  early  education  at  the 
common  schools  of  that  vicinity  :  then  attended  Western  Reserve  Seminary 
and  College  at  Hiram,  Ohio,  and  finished  with  a  commercial  course  at  Pough- 
keepsie,  N.  Y. 

At  the  age  of  twenty-one  he  "  emigrated  "  to  Missouri  and  engaged  in  the 
mercantile  business  at  Cameron,  Mo  ,  when,  after  two  years  of  successful  trade, 
his  love  for  the  dairy  returned,  and  he  started  the  first  successful  cheese  fact- 
ory in  the  state,  and  continued  increasing  it  in  this  direction  until  he  had  in 
successful  operation  four  factories  in  as  many  different  counties. 

It  was  at  this  time  that  he  saw  the  great  need  of  improvement  in  the  dairy 
cows  of  the  state,  and  after  a  thorough  investigation  and  study  of  the  breeds  in 
1881  decided  that  the  Dutch-Friesian  (Holstein)  cow  was  to  be  his  choice.  He 
purchased  one  cow  at  Gilman,  111.  It  was  the  first  registered  cow  of  the  breed 
in  the  state  of  Missouri,  and  Mr.  Moore  was  so  well  pleased  that  he  purchased 
four  heifers  from  the  Unadilla  Valley  Stock  Breeders'  Association  of  West 
Edmeston,  N.  Y.,  which  were  just  imported  and  had  been  bred  to  the  famous 
bull  Mooie  ;  and  in  1884  he  purchased  a  carload  from  the  same  asssociation,  all 
of  which  were  imported. 

At  this  time  Mr.  Moore  saw  the  great  necessity  of  a  breeder  being  thoroughly 


SOLOMON   HOXIE. 


SOME   AMERICAN   BREEDERS.  281 

conversant  with  all  the  points  that  combine  to  make  a  typical  dairy  cow,  and 
determined  to  visit  his  old  neighbor  and  noted  cattle  expert,  Cornelius  Baldwin 
of  Nelson,  Ohio.  From  him  Mr.  Moore  received  instruction  on  the  points  and 
anatomy  of  a  dairy  cow.  With  his  own  experience  and  the  aid  of  Mr.  Baldwin, 
he  has  been  able  to  secure,  breed  and  develop  some  of  the  greatest  performers 
in  public  and  private  tests  of  Holstein-Friesian  history. 

A  few  of  these  will  be  mentioned  in  detail ;  first  is  the  Empress  Joseph- 
ine family,  the  foundation  of  which  is  Empress  Josephine,  429  D.-F.  H.  B., 
which  was  selected  in  Holland  by  Cornelius  Baldwin  of  Nelson,  Ohio,  and  bred 
by  R.  Witema  Tjummazurn,  Friesland.  She  is  a  very  large  and  typical  dairy 
cow,  a  great  producer,  making  553  Ibs.  8  oz.  of  milk  in  seven  days,  from  which 
was  churned  25  Ibs.  14  oz.  of  butter.  Prof.  W.  A.  Henry  of  the  Agricultural 
Experiment  Station  at  Madison,  Wis.,  sent  Prof.  Short  to  the  farm  at  Cameron, 
Mo.,  taking  three  samples  of  her  milk,  which  tested  by  Prof.  F.  W.  A.  Woll 
3.01,  3.67  and  4  per  cent  fat.  She  has  made  88  Ibs.  14  oz.  milk  in  one  day, 
10,119f  Ibs.  in  139  days,  and  has  won  many  prizes  in  public  tests  for  butter  and 
milk.  She  transmits  her  remarkable  qualities  of  production  to  her  offspring. 

Empress  Josephine  3d,  642  Advanced  Registry,  was  calved  February  22, 
1885,  was  exhibited  at  St.  Joe  Exhibition  as  a  two-year-old  and  won  first  prize 
for  quality  of  milk  in  competition  with  Jerseys.  She  has  been  shown  at  state 
fairs  for  ten  years,  and  it  is  safe  to  say  that  no  other  cow  of  Holstein-Friesian 
fame  has  won  as  many  prizes  in  public  tests,  competing  with  Holsteins  and 
other  breeds.  Her  record  for  seven  days  is  603  Ibs.  12  oz.  of  milk,  yielding  31 
Ibs.  2  oz.  butter.  Analysis  of  her  milk  by  Prof  F.  W.  A.  Woll  showed  3.74  but- 
ter fat. 

Empress  Josephine  4th,  now  at  the  Kansas  Agricultural  College  farm, 
when  she  was  three  years  old,  at  the  Kansas  State  Fair,  made  in  public  test  50 
Ibs.  milk  in  a  single  day,  from  which  was  churned  2  Ibs.  of  butter,  winning 
first  prize. 

Perhaps  one  of  the  greatest  cows  of  the  breed  is  Gerben  4th,  643  Advanced 
Registry,  selected  in  Holland  by  Cornelius  Baldwin,  who  said  to  Mr.  K.  N. 
Kuperus  at  the  time  that  she  showed  better  points  for  quality  than  any  heifer 
he  had  ever  seen,  and  her  subsequent  development  and  production  of  32  Ibs.  but- 
ter in  seven  days,  being  at  that  time  (1889)  the  largest  of  any  cow  of  the  breed, 
proved  that  his  judgment  was  correct. 

Prof.  W.  A.  Henry  of  the  Wisconsin  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  and 
whose  authority  no  one  questions,  sent  Prof.  Short  to  the  farm  at  Cameron  him- 
self, taking  three  samples  of  her  milk,  which  analyzed  by  Prof.  F.  W.  A.  Woll 
4.91,  3.85,  3.53  per  cent  butter  fat.  She  is  now  about  fourteen  years  old  and  in 
good  health  and  captured  first  prize  at  Iowa  State  Fair  last  fall  (1895).  Although 
a  regular  breeder  she  has  never  produced  but  one  female,  Gerben  2d,  18677  H. 
F.  H.  B.  The  latter  is  a  great  prize  winner  ;  one  of  the  many  silver  cups  won  by 
this  herd  is  placed  to  her  credit.  She  made  39  Ibs.  milk  in  a  single  day  at  22 
months  old  ;  analysis  of  her  milk  showing  4  and  4.2  per  cent  butter  fat. 

Not  only  there  have  been  bred  and  developed  in  this  herd  some  of  the  great- 
est butter  producers  and  prize  winners,  but  they  have  been  added  to  the  herd 
by  purchase  also  at  long  prices.  Among  those  whose  blood  now  permeates  this 
herd  may  be  mentioned  Parthenea,  9597  H.  H.  B.,  imported,  whose  butter  record 
for  seven  days  is  38  Ibs.  8|  oz.  She  was  acquired  at  a  cost  of  $1000.  Another  is 
Parana  Abbekerk,  9594  H.  H.  B.,  imported,  whose  butter  record  for  seven  days 
is  30  Ibs.  8  oz.;  and  Carlotta  2d,  3555  H.  H.  B.,  whose  butter  record  for  seven 
days  is  31  Ibs.  12  oz.,  at  a  cost  of  $1098.  Others  might  be  mentioned  did  space 
permit. 

MR.  B.  NAUMAN  of  Frankfort,  Kansas,  was  born  in  the  Duchy  of  Saxe- 
Altenburg,  Prussia,  on  July  9,  1840. 

Early  in  the  spring  of  1849  his  parents  started  with  him  and  seven  other 
children  for  Marion,  Linn  county,  Iowa.  While  passing  through  Illinois  the 
father  and  two  eldest  children  died  of  cholera.  The  mother,  worn  with  grief 
and  the  care  of  so  large  a  family,  lived  to  reach  their  destination,  but  in  a  few 
days  thereafter  she,  too,  was  taken  away. 

He  was,  with  the  other  children  under  sixteen  years  of  age,  bound  out 
until  sixteen  years  of  age,  among  the  farmers  of  the  surrounding  country. 
When  he  arrived  at  the  age  of  sixteen,  with  the  consent  of  his  guardian  (who 
19 


EDGAR   HUIDEKOPER. 


SOME  AMERICAN  BREEDERS.  283 

was  pleased  to  escape  further  responsibility),  he  took  charge  of  his  own  affairs, 
and  a  year  or  two  later  apprenticed  himself  to  learn  the  cabinet  trade,  attend- 
ing the  high  school  during  the  winter,  working  his  board  by  doing  chores. 

In  the  spring  of  1860,  times  being  dull,  and  not  finding  profitable  employ- 
ment, he  concluded  to  try  his  fortune  in  California.  As  it  happened  that  no 
one  from  that  locality  crossed  the  plains  that  year,  he  set  out  on  foot  and  alone, 
with  $13  in  his  pocket  to  reach  the  golden  shore.  Of  course  he  did  not  expect 
to  complete  the  journey  in  this  fashion,  but  he  rightly  judged  that  at  some  one 
of  the  "outfitting  points"  on  the  frontier  he  would  not  fail  of  getting  the  oppor- 
tunity of  procuring  a  passage  in  some  manner.  He  trudged  nearly  the  entire 
width  of  Iowa  on  foot,  and  at  Council  Bluffs  found  the  opportunity  he  sought 
for  arranging  for  a  passage.  He  had  to  pay  $90,  after  earning  it,  on  getting 
through. 

He  spent  the  first  winter  west  of  Santa  Rosa,  near  the  Pocket  Redwoods, 
employed  in  teaming,  farming,  and  chopping. 

The  next  summer  he  went  to  Nevada  Territory,  and  spent  five  years  there, 
farming,  chopping,  mining,  teaching,  carpentering,  and  all  manner  of  other 
ways  to  make  a  living  and  accumulate  a  little  wealth.  Of  course,  he  had  to 
have  his  little  experience  with  dabbling  in  mining  stock,  and  spent  a  good 
share  of  his  hard-earned  dollars  on  wild-cat  claims.  A  spell  of  hard  times  com- 
ing on  in  the  spring  of  1866,  and  employment  being  scarce,  he  struck  out  after  a 
mining  rush  to  Colombia,  South  America.  The  mines  were  about  a  town  called 
Barbucous,  in  the  southern  extremity  of  Colombia,  and  almost  under  the  equa- 
tor. Some  very  lucky  finds  were  made  in  these  mines,  but  he  was  not  of  the 
fortunate  ones,  and,  his  money  being  gone,  and  health  giving  way  in  October, 
1868,  he  turned  again  toward  California,  being  obliged  to  beg  his  way  back. 

He  arrived  in  San  Francisco  in  November,  in  time  to  take  in  the  great 
earthquake.  Through  the  aid  of  a  friend  he  reached  San  Jose,  and,  after  recu- 
perating a  short  time,  got  employment  at  carpenter  work.  In  July,  1869,  he 
returned  to  Nevada,  and  struck  carpenter  work  at  Reno. 

The  next  year  he  taught  school  at  Glendale,  four  miles  below  Reno,  and  in 
the  winter  returned  to  Iowa.  In  May,  1871,  he  came  to  Marshall  county,  Kan- 
sas, and  located  on  a  100-acre  lot  of  land  which  he  had  acquired  while  on  the 
Pacific  coast.  He  built  a  little  12x14  shanty,  and  went  to  work  making  a  farm, 
teaching  the  district  school  during  the  winter.  Early  in  1874  he  married,  hav- 
ing during  this  time  "bached  it."  He  applied  himself  so  closely  to  his  work 
that  for  fifteen  years  he  was  not  outside  the  limits  of  his  county.  The  farm 
was  added  to  as  opportunity  favored,  until  now  it  embraces  560  acres.  The 
quality  of  the  land  and  the  value  of  the  improvements  are  not  surpassed  by 
any  in  the  county. 

Having  noted  the  changes  demanded  in  the  different  farming  processes  by 
the  changes  occurring  in  the  environment,  he  became  satisfied  that  there  was 
no  profit  in  raising  scrub  stock;  and  after  carefully  studying  the  situation,  he 
concluded  that  the  black-and-white  breed  of  cattle  was  the  one  best  adapted 
to  his  circumstances.  He  decided  to  begin  in  a  small  way  by  grading  up  com- 
mon stock,  and,  if  that  proved  satisfactory,  to  venture  more  and  start  a  herd  of 
registered  cattle.  In  1885  he  purchased  a  bull  of  H.  Langworthy,  out  of  a  herd 
the  latter  was  showing  at  Western  fairs;  and  being  pleased  with  the  result  of 
the  trial,  he  bought  two  cows  and  a  male  calf  at  T.  B.  Wales'  dispersion  sale  in 
Kansas  City,  September,  1887. 

In  October,  1892,  he  bought  most  of  the  good  things  at  Kirkpatrick  &  Sons' 
dispersion  sale  at  Connors,  Kansas,  and  he  now  has  a  herd  of  about  thirty-five 
head.  As  he  is  still  building  up  his  herd,  he  has  made  no  effort  to  attract  pub- 
lic attention;  but  in  good  time  he  expects  to  give  a  creditable  account  of  it, 
and  in  the  meantime  he  remains  a  stanch  supporter  of  the  breed. 

MR.  EDWARD  ALEXANDER  POWELL,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  has  been  prom- 
inently identified  with  the  growth  and  development  of  the  Holstein-Friesian 
breed  of  cattle  in  America  for  many  years,  commencing  when  this  breed  was 
comparatively  little  known  in  this  country. 

He  was  born  in  Crawford  county,  Pennsylvania,  January  27,  1838,  on  the 
farm,  now  widely  known  as  "  Shadeland,"  which  is  noted  for  its  fine  stock. 
His  father,  Hon.  Ho  well  Powell,  was  one  of  the  first  breeders  of  pure  Devon 
cattle  in  the  state  and  his  earliest  memory  recalls  a  large  herd  of  these  beauti- 
ful red  cattle,  the  descendants  of  which  are  still  on  the  farm. 


-ri 


LEROY  F.  JUDD. 


SOME  AMERICAN  BREEDERS.  285 

Before  reaching  his  majority  a  large  herd  of  Herefords  was  added  to  the 
stock  of  the  place,  but  being  inferior  for  dairy  purposes,  and  their  value  for  beef 
not  being  then  appreciated  in  this  country,  the  breeding  of  these  cattle  did  not 
prove  a  success  and  the  herd  was  sold  for  beef.  Fine  horses  were  also  extensively 
bred  on  the  place.  As  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Powell  Bros.,  he  commenced 
business  at  a  very  early  age.  The  brothers  all  having  a  natural  fondness  and 
cultivated  taste  for  fine  animals,  it  was  only  natural  that  the  firm  should 
become  interested  therein,  and  breeding  of  blooded  horses  and  cattle  soon 
became  an  important  department  of  their  business.  Thus  was  laid  the  founda- 
tion of  one  of  the  most  noted  fine  stock  establishments  in  this  country. 

In  1868  Mr.  Powell  was  united  in  marriage  to  the  only  daughter  of  W. 
Brown  Smith  of  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  and  disposing  of  his  interest  in  Pennsylvania 
to  his  brothers,  he  became  a  partner  in  the  Syracuse  Nurseries  and  a  resident  of 
that  city.  The  live-stock  department  was  then  addecl  to  the  nursery  business. 
Jerseys  and  Shorthorns  were  both  bred,  but  neither  proved  satisfactory.  About 
1872  the  attention  of  the  firm — Smith  &  Powell — was  called  to  the  Dutch  breed 
of  cattle  by  Hon.  C.  B.  Sedgwick,  upon  his  return  from  Europe. 

Some  time  was  spent  in  investigating  the  merits  of  this  breed,  and  in  1875 
was  established  the  herd  now  owned  by  Smiths  &  Powell  Co.,  which  is  known 
to  all  our  readers. 

On  the  organization  of  the  Holstein  Breeders'  Association  of  America, 
under  the  charter  of  the  State  <ff  New  York  in  1880,  Mr.  Powell  was  elected  its 
first  president,  to  which  office  he  was  re-elected  for  four  successive  years.  He 
has  continually  taken  a  deep  and  active  interest  in  the  affairs  of  the  associa- 
tion. He  has  ever  been  progressive  and  liberal  in  his  ideas  regarding  the  devel- 
opment of  the  breed,  and  enthusiastic  regarding  its  future  possibilities. 

In  connection  with  Smiths  &  Powell  Co.,  of  which  firm  he  is  a  member,  he 
has  done  much  for  the  development  of  the  breed  in  the  production  of  both  milk 
and  butter,  and  also  in  bringing  these  cattle  prominently  and  favorably  before 
the  public.  He  early  advocated  a  system  of  breeding  for  a  specific  purpose,  as 
the  quickest,  surest  and  most  progressive  means  of  developing  desired  qualities 
and  characteristics.  Believing  that  "like  would  produce  like,"  that  if  large 
yields  of  butter  and  milk  were  to  be  an  established  fact  in  the  offspring,  these 
qualities  must  be  developed  in  a  long,  unbroken  line  of  ancestors,  running  far 
back  through  every  channel,  by  putting  these  principles  into  practice  at  an  early 
date,  by  breeding  only  from  dams  with  large  records,  and  using  only  sires  of 
such  breeding.  Lakeside  Herd  now  possesses  many  young  animals  whose 
fifteen  or  twenty  nearest  female  ancestors  have  butter  records  which  average 
from  19  to  20  Ibs.  of  butter  in  a  week,  and  milk  records  of  from  15,000  to  17,000 
Ibs.  in  a  year.  These  facts  are  mentioned  to  show  what  could  be  accomplished 
by  the  persistent,  intelligent  application  of  a  fundamental  principle  of  breeding. 
Mr.  Powell  was  one  of  the  earliest  advocates  of  the  possibilities  of  the 
breed  as  butter  producers.  The  system  of  careful  weekly  butter  tests,  which 
has  been  the  means  of  bringing  the  breed  up  to  its  present  standard,  was 
first  begun  on  a  liberal  scale,  in  Lakeside  herd,  in  1879,  when  Netherland 
Queen,  Maid  of  Purmer,  Holland  Beauty,  Neilson,  Aegis,  Juniata,  etc.,  were 
carefully  tested.  Prior  to  this  only  occasionally  single  cows  of  the  breed  had 
been  tested. 

It  was  during  this  year  that,  by  careful  tests,  by  ascertaining  the  amount 
of  milk  required  to  make  a  pound  of  butter,  when  fresh,  and  near  the  close  of 
the  season,  and  the  amount  of  milk  given  during  the  year,  it  was  shown  by  a 
careful  estimate  that  Maid  of  Purmer  could  have  made  400  Ibs.,  and  Netherland 
Queen  888  Ibs.,  of  butter  during  the  year,  both  being  two  years  old.  Commenc- 
ing in  1879  a  large  number  of  cows  have  each  year  been  tested  at  Lakeside,  and 
the  result  is  generally  known  to  all  breeders. 

Mr.  Powell  was,  as  far  as  records  in  our  possession  indicate,  the  first  to  pub- 
licly announce  his  belief  that  this  breed  could  be  made  to  equal  any  other  breed 
for  the  production  of  butter. 

In  his  annual  address  to  the  Holstein  Breeders'  Association  in  March,  1883, 
he  said :  "  From  all  the  information  and  data  at  command  I  am  confident  that 
the  general  average  of  Holsteins  for  butter  will  fully  equal  that  of  any  other 
breed.  With  proper  encouragement  from  this  association,  and  continued  efforts 
on  the  part  of  all  its  members,  records  comparing  favorably  with  the  highest 
made  by  any  other  breed  will,  in  my  judgment,  soon  be  attained."  He  proba- 
bly had  no  idea  that  this  prediction  would  soon  be  fully  verified. 


C.   H.   KRUEGER. 


SOME  AMERICAN  BREEDERS.  287 

Mr.  Powell  has  led  a  very  busy  life,  confining  himself  closely  to  business, 
but  he  has  found  time  to  give  much  personal  attention  to  the  breeding  and 
development  of  live  stock.  Few  breeders  have  made  it  so  much  of  a  study, 
and  probably  no  one  has  had  a  larger  experience  in  breeding  and  developing 
Holstein-Friesian  cattle. 

The  firm  has  imported  and  bred  over  3,000  head  of  cattle  of  this  breed. 
The  herd  at  Lakeside  has  frequently  exceeded  600  head  at  one  time,  and  yet 
nearly  all  the  cows  in  milk  have  been  tested  for  both  milk  and  butter.  Some 
idea  of  the  amount  of  time  and  labor  expended  in  this  direction  can  be  con- 
ceived when  it  is  known  that  over  100  cows  of  this  herd  have  made  weekly 
butter  records  which  average  over  19^  Ibs.,  and  about  fifty  cows  have  made 
yearly  milk  records  which  average  over  17,000  Ibs. 

All  who  have  made  tests  can  appreciate  what  an  amount  of  careful  intelli- 
gent work  must  have  been  done  to  have  attained  such  wonderful  results.  We 
know  of  no  other  herd,  of  any  breed,  that  can  show  such  results  from  an  equal 
number  of  cows.  The  benefits  of  this  work  have  not  been  confined  to  this 
herd,  or  to  this  firm,  but  they  have  been  shared  by  every  breeder  of  Holstein- 
Friesian  cattle  in  the  land. 

MR.  FRANK  ROE  was  born  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  him,  on  March  12, 
1854,  near  Augusta,  Sussex  county,  New  Jersey;  was  married  in  1875  to  Maggie 
C.  Dalrymple,  a  neighbor's  daughter  and  a  schoolmate,  who  has  always  taken 
as  great  an  interest  in  the  development  of  their  new  dairy  of  Holsteins  as  her 
husband  and  children — one  boy  and  one  girl,  who  are  both  interested  in  the 
business  at  this  time.  The  farm  was  bought  by  Mr.  Roe's  grandfather,  from 
William  Roe,  of  Orange  county.  N.  Y.,  in  the  year  1799.  From  this  date  the 
farm  has  been  owned  by  the  Roe  family,  and  always  used  as  a  dairy  farm. 
The  father  of  the  present  owner,  William  H.  Roe,  was  a  fancier  of  fine  cows, 
and  kept  a  high-grade  dairy  of  Shorthorns. 

The  Shorthorn  in  those  days  was  strictly  a  dairy  breed,  as  much  so  as  the 
Ayrshire  and  Holstein  are  at  the  present  time.  This  dairy  produced  more  than 
300  Ibs.  of  butter  a  year,  and  always  brought  the  top  price  in  market.  When 
Mr.  Roe  bought  the  farm  in  1878  eighteen  cows  and  four  heifers  came  into  his 
possession.  In  this  lot  there  were  a  number  that  would  give  60  Ibs.  of  milk 
daily  with  ordinary  feed  and  care.  The  following  year,  1879,  thirteen  of  the 
lot  aborted,  and  the  following  year  four  more.  As  they  were  nearly  all  old 
cows,  they  were  used  as  long  as  they  gave  milk,  then  turned  into  beef,  and 
their  places  filled  with  the  best  native  cows  that  could  be  bought  in  the  neigh- 
borhood, and  a  pure-bred  Ayrshire  bull  was  obtained  for  use  on  this  dairy. 
This  course  was  continued  until  the  whole  dairy  was  turned  into  grade  Ayr- 
shires,  by  raising  their  heifer  calves  from  the  best  milking  cows.  This  dairy 
gave  good  satisfaction  as  milk  producers  of  a  fair  quality,  the  only  trouble 
being  their  tendency  to  turn  too  much  of  their  feed  into  beef.  In  fact,  they 
were  always  fat,  but  gave  a  good-paying  mess  of  milk,  and  were  always  ready 
for  the  butcher  as  soon  as  dry. 

The  next  step  was  to  buy  a  pure-bred  Holstein-Friesian  bull  to  breed  on 
these  grade  Ayrshire  cows.  From  this  cross  was  obtained  a  very  fine  animal, 
larger  than  the  Ayrshire,  a  trifle  coarser,  and  a  cow  that  turned  feed  into  milk 
and  not  into  beef.  They  gave  as  much  as  25  per  cent  more  milk  than  their 
dams.  But  it  had  fallen  off  very  much  in  quality,  and  soon  complaints  were 
received  from  the  milkman  about  it.  The  milk  was  finally  stopped,  and  the 
accusation  made  that  it  had  been  watered.  Another  milkman  was  obtained, 
but  in  a  short  time  the  same  trouble  followed,  and  the  milk  was  stopped  the 
second  time.  Then  the  milk  was  sold  for  a  number  of  years  to  a  iiear-by  cream- 
ery. While  selling  to  the  creamery  there  were  so  many  complaints  about  the 
Duality  that  it  was  about  decided  to  give  up  the  Holsteins,  and  try  the  little 
ersey  or  Guernsey.  About  this  time  C.  H.  Vandevort,  of  Amity,  N.  Y.,  a 
breeder  of  pure-bred  Holstein-Friesians,  was  about  to  sell  his  whole  dairy  at 
public  auction.  While  on  an  advertising  trip  to  this  county  he  stayed  one 
night  with  Mr.  Roe.  Of  course,  he  was  informed  of  the  trouble  with  the  grade 
Holsteins,  and  was  asked  if  he  was  not  selling  his  pure  ones  for  the  same  rea- 
son. This  he  denied,  and  insisted  on  Mr.  Roe's  going  to  his  sale,  and  trying  to 
buy  some  cows  from  his  dairy.  This  Mr.  Roe  consented  to  do,  with  the  under- 
standing that  he  could  test  the  whole  dairy  for  cream  before  the  sale,  so  that 
he  would  be  able  to  buy  intelligently  on  the  day  of  the  sale. 


S.  A.   LANGDON. 


SOME  AMERICAN   BREEDERS.  289 

One  week  before  the  date  of  sale  the  visit  was  made,  and  Mr.  Roe  saw  each 
cow  milked  both  night  and  morning,  and  the  milk  placed  in  graduated  cream 
gauges.  Seventeen  in  all  were  tested,  the  milk  showing  from  9  per  cent  to  22 
per  cent  of  cream.  From  these  seventeen  cows  tested  he  selected  four  of  the 
best  cream  producers,  and  bought  them  on  the  day  of  the  sale,  paying  a  good 
round  sum  for  them.  These  four,  with  four  heifers  bought  of  Gerrit  S.  Miller 
and  one  from  N.  F.  Sholes  the  same  year,  constituted  the  foundation  of  the 
present  herd  of  pure-breds.  As  fast  as  they  were  raised  the  pure-bred  calves 
took  the  places  of  the  grades  which  were  sold  mostly  for  beef. 

Mr.  Roe  has  at  this  time  fifty-seven  head  of  pure-breds  nearly  all  raised 
from  the  nine  foundation  cows.  He  had  received  a  bitter  lesson  with  the  grades 
and  resolved  to  buy  one  of  the  best  butter  bred  bulls  that  could  be  found  to  use 
on  these  nine  foundation  cows.  After  considerable  time  had  been  spent  in  look- 
ing at  different  herds,  he  finally  selected  the  bull,  Aaggie  Prince  of  Wayne,  No. 
8781  H.  F.  H.  B.,  and  bought  him  of  T.  G.  Yeomans  &  Sons.  This  bull's  dam  is 
Princess  of  Wayne,  No.  954  H.  H.  B.,  Advanced  Registry  No.  2  ;  milk  record, 
29,008  Ibs.  11  oz.  in  one  year  ;  butter  record,  24  Ibs.  14  oz.  in  seven  days.  His 
sire  is  Royal  Aaggie,  No.  3463  H.  H.  B.,  a  son  of  De  Schot ;  milk  record,  82£  Ibs. 
in  one  day ;  butter  record,  23  Ibs.  8  oz.  in  seven  days.  From  this  bull's  calves 
was  anticipated  great  results,  for  both  the  Wayne  and  Aaggie  families  are  great 
milk  and  butter  producers.  Mr.  Roe  was  not  disappointed,  and  he  has  the 
calves  now,  five,  four,  three  and  two  years  old,  in  milk  from  this  sire. 

They  are  great  producers  of  rich  milk,  very  few  of  them  falling  below  four 
per  cent  butter  fat,  and  many  of  them  have  tested  as  high  as  five  per  cent  but- 
ter fat.  The  trouble  in  selling  milk  is  a  thing  of  the  past,  as  the  milk  from  the 
dairy  has  gone  to  the  same  dealer  for  the  past  five  years  in  glass  jars  and  gives 
entire  satisfaction  and  is  frequently  complimented  for  its  fine  quality. 

Mr.  Roe  feels  very  thankful  to  Mr.  Vandevort  for  insisting  so  hard  upon 
his  giving  the  Holstein  another  trial  and  for  the  privilege  given  to  test  the 
dairy  and  prove  that  all  Holstein-Friesians  did  not  give  poor  milk.  Those  Mr. 
Roe  has  now  are  proving  their  value  as  dairy  cows  exclusively,  for  they  are 
paying  well  for  the  money  invested  in  the  first  foundation  cows  in  the  sale 
of  milk  alone,  and  Mr.  Roe  insists  that  the  pure-bred  Holstein-Friesian  cow  at 
present  prices  will  pay  the  dairyman  better  than  any  other  breed,  grade  or 
scrub  cow  for  the  production  of  milk  and  butter.  If  the  average  dairyman  can 
not  or  will  not  use  the  pure-bred  as  dairy  cows,  he  can  at  least  afford  to  put  a 
pure-bred  bull  at  the  head  of  his  dairy,  but  should  be  careful  in  the  selection  of 
this  bull  and  get  one  from  a  butter-producing  family.  Then  if  the  heifer  calves 
from  the  best  cows  are  raised,  in  a  few  years  he  can  nearly  double  the  quantity 
of  milk  without  its  falling  off  in  quality.  The  breeding  of  pure-breds  with  Mr. 
Roe  is  merely  a  side  issue.  The  money  from  the  sale  of  their  milk  is  the  main 
business  ;  only  the  increase  that  is  not  needed  to  keep  up  the  dairy  is  offered 
for  sale. 

In  the  spring  of  1894  an  eight-bottle  Babcock  test  was  procured  and  every 
cow  in  milk  at  that  time  was  tested  at  once.  From  these  tests  it  was  concluded 
that  very  few  if  any  of  the  dairy  would  fall  below  the  requirements  to  admit 
them  to  Advanced  Registry.  Mr.  Roe  resolved  that  he  would  give  every  cow 
that  came  fresh,  at  least  a  seven-day  test  for  butter.  The  first  cow  to  calve 
was  Zanca,  No.  10703  H.  F.  H.  B.,  in  the  last  part  of  July,  1894.  Although  this 
was  a  very  unfavorable  time  to  test  on  account  of  flies  (buffalo  horn  fly)  and 
very  hot  weather,  and  with  her  worrying  for  the  rest  of  the  dairy.  She  could 
not  be  separated  from  them  in  the  pasture  to  milk  her  at  noon  and  so  was  put 
in  stable  with  a  run  in  barnyard  for  exercise  and  water. 

The  test  commenced  on  August  7,  ended  on  August  13,  the  result  being  18 
Ibs.  15T4^  oz.  butter.  Mr.  Roe  was  very  much  pleased  to  have  her  do  so  well 
under  such  unfavorable  conditions,  and  was  quite  sure  that  all  the  rest  would 
get  there  if  they  were  in  proper  condition  after  calving.  In  this  he  was  not 
mistaken,  as  a  reference  to  the  records  made  by  the  dairy  will  show.  The 
whole  lot  were  entered  on  their  butter  records  after  being  examined  by  Mr.  S. 
Hoxie  and  pronounced  all  right.  In  fact  Mr.  Hoxie  said  at  the  time  of  exam- 
ination that  in  his  opinion  they  were  capable  of  making  much  larger  records 
than  were  made  from  them,  which  proved  true  even  with  the  same  handling, 
for  several  were  officially  tested  by  Mr.  Voorhees  of  the  New  Jersey  Experiment 
Station  after  their  next  calving  time,  and  all  made  much  larger  records  than 
they  had  under  the  testing  of  the  year  before. 


J.  W.   LA  GRANGE. 


SOME   AMERICAN  BREEDERS.  291 

Mr.  Roe's  aim  has  been  to  breed  for  a  large  flow  of  rich  milk,  the  standard 
being  an  average  of  four  per  cent  butter  fat  from  the  mixed  milk  from  the 
entire  dairy,  a  mark  that  has  been  very  nearly  reached  with  the  heifers  from 
the  bull  Aaggie  Prince  of  Wayne. 

To  avoid  inbreeding  this  bull  was  sold  for  beef  in  the  summer  of  1894,  and 
another  one  bought  to  breed  on  the  heifers.  This  time  Mr.  Roe  had  a  long 
hunt  to  find  the  right  kind  of  a  bull ;  one  that  would  improve  the  offspring  of 
these  Aaggie- Wayne  heifers  in  the  production  of  butter.  It  was  a  long  hunt 
and  a  very  long  price  was  obliged  to  be  paid  for  such  a  bull,  but  he  was  secured 
in  De  Kol  2d's  Paul  De  Kol,  No.  20735  H.  F.  H.  B.,  Advanced  Registry  No.  107. 
His  dam  is  the  great  cow  De  Kol  2d,  who  holds  the  world's  four-year-old  but- 
ter record  of  33  Ibs.  6  oz.  in  seven  days,  and  also  the  largest  official  butter  rec- 
ord of  26  Ibs.  9TVff  oz.  De  Kol  2d's  daughter,  De  Kol  2d's  Queen,  has  the  largest 
three -year-old  butter  record,  28  Ibs.  7  oz.  in  seven  days.  Another  daughter  has 
the  largest  thirty-day  butter  record  of  82  Ibs.  7f  oz.  at  two  years  of  age.  His 
sire  is  the  great  butter-bred  bull,  Paul  De  Kol,  now  at  the  head  of  the  herd  of 
T.  G.  Yeomans  &  Sons.  His  dam,  Pauline  Paul,  is  the  world's  largest  butter 
producer  of  any  breed,  having  the  world  famous  record  for  one  year  of  1,153 
Ibs.  and  15f  oz.  His  sire  is  De  Kol  2d's  Prince,  a  son  of  De  Kol  2d.  This  bull 
contains  62|  per  cent  of  the  blood  of  De  Kol  2d,  25  per  cent  of  Pauline  Paul,  12| 
per  cent  of  Neptune,  Jr.,  an  Aaggie  bull.  Is  it  possible  to  get  better  butter 
breeding  in  any  Holstein-Friesian  bull  ?  As  an  individual  he  is  all  that  any 
one  can  expect.  He  has  a  long  body,  very  fine  head  and  neck,  large  full  eye, 
very  yellow  skin,  a  wonderful  milk  vein  development,  large  escutcheon  of  fine 
quality.  With  this  bull  on  the  daughters  of  Aaggie  Prince  of  Wayne,  it  is 
expected  to  obtain  heifers  that  will  fully  come  up  to  the  standard  of  four  per 
cent  fat  with  a  large  flow  of  milk.  A  number  of  his  calves  are  already  on  the 
farm.  They  are  very  fine  individuals  with  soft  silky  hair,  straight  backs,  very 
yellow  skins  and  with  indications  of  making  animals  of  the  highest  quality. 

MR.  ELDON  F.  SMITH  of  Columbus,  Ohio,  one  of  the  proprietors  of  Ohio's 
famous  herd  of  Holstein-Friesians,  was  born  in  the  county  of  Athens,  Novem- 
ber 23,  1861,  the  son  of  a  farmer.  He  attended  the  district  school  until  thirteen 
years  of  age,  when  an  academy  opened,  which  offered  special  advantages  that 
he  availed  himself  of  for  two  years,  and  when  sixteen  years  old  entered  the  Ohio 
University  at  Athens.  Four  years  were  occupied  at  this  institution  and  six 
months  were  passed  in  a  law  office. 

Mr.  Smith  had  then  about  reached  his  majority.  New  fields  of  enterprise 
were  now  opened  to  his  father,  W.  B.  Smith,  who  secured  the  contract  for  fur- 
nishing milk  to  the  Columbus  Hospital  for  the  Insane.  This  institution  is  the 
largest  of  its  kind.  Young  Mr.  Smith,  desiring  to  assist  his  father,  dropped  his 
legal  studies  for  a  time  and  joined  in  establishing  a  dairy  suited  to  the  needs 
of  this  institution,  and  again  resumed  his  studies  for  two  years  with  a  leading 
law  firm  in  Columbus.  Failing  health,  however,  compelled  him  to  abandon  all 
thoughts  of  practicing  law,  and  he  again  turned  his  attention  to  out-door  life 
and  his  father's  dairy. 

Mr.  Smith  soon  became  proficient  in  the  details  of  this  work  and  began  a 
systematic  study  of  the  comparative  merits  of  the  various  breeds  of  cattle.  It 
was  apparent  that  the  results  produced  with  grade  Shorthorns  in  quantity  and 
quality  of  milk  were  unprofitable.  The  methods  of  care  and  feeding  must  be 
improved  with  corresponding  increase  in  results  or  a  larger  yielding  breed  of 
cattle  found  that  would  respond  profitably  to  present  conditions  of  reasonable 
care  and  feeding.  It  was  found  that  some  improvement  in  handling  could  be 
made,  and  improved  methods  were  adopted,  yet  it  still  appeared  that  the  cattle 
were  the  great  source  of  loss. 

Mr.  Smith  then  determined  that  among  the  special  purpose  dairy  breeds 
would  be  found  the  profitable  milk  and  butter  producer,  and  the  questions  that 
confronted  him  were,  which  is  the  breed,  what  breed  has  the  requisite  qualifi- 
cations of  size  and  constitution  and  capacity.  A  careful  study  determined  the 
choice  of  the  Holstein  as  more  nearly  filling  the  requirements. 

Ten  years  use  of  the  Holstein  breed  warrants  the  statement  made  by  Mr. 
Smith  that  by  their  use  he  is  enabled  to  obtain  almost  double  the  yield  of  milk 
and  butter  over  that  yielded  by  other  stock. 


M.    E.    MOORE. 


SOME  AMERICAN   BREEDERS. 


MR.  HENRY  STEVENS  of  Lacona,  N.  Y.,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was  born 
in  1840,  on  the  place  where  he  now  resides.  His  life  has  been  so  checkered, 
adversity  and  prosperity  having  followed  each  other  in  quick  succession,  that 
the  story  of  his  career  is  a  most  interesting  one. 

He  started  when  a  young  man  with  126  acres  of  land,  on  which  the  build- 
ings were  very  poor,  and  he  owed  all  it  was  worth.  He  was  climbing  slowly 
but  surely  along  the  road  of  prosperity  as  a  farmer,  when  the  dishonesty  of  a 
partner  in  the  cattle  trade  (whose  debts  he  was  obliged  to  pay)  so  embarrassed 
him  that  he  had  to  commence  again  at  the  foot  of  the  ladder.  Perseverance 
and  energy  had  once  again  begun  to  pay  their  reward  of  success  when  he  sud- 
denly became  blind,  in  November,  1886.  With  the  bright  and  beautiful  world 
shut  out  from  view,  and  the  most  important  of  all  his  business  senses  paralyzed, 
he  was  well-nigh  discouraged;  but  his  natural  energy,  his  untiring  persever- 
ance, and  his  indomitable  pluck  did  not  allow  him  to  remain  long  in  a  condition 
of  inactivity. 

Although  deprived  of  sight,  his  ever  active  mind  was  still  at  work.  Its 
thinking  could  not  be  suppressed.  The  result  has  been  that  although  he  is 
blind  he  has  not  been  groping  in  the  dark,  for  his  mental  vision  has  discerned 
the  road  to  success. 

Today  he  owns  a  farm  of  400  acres,  on  which  he  has  erected  a  large  and 
handsome  house  and  a  barn  built  according  to  the  most  modern  improvements, 
containing  every  convenience  for  the  breeding  and  rearing  of  stock.  During 
these  dark  days  his  beautiful  herd  of  Holstein-Friesian  cattle  has  been  his  con- 
solation and  his  hope.  He  is  proud  of  their  attainments  and  success,  and  their 
increasing  development  and  improvement  is  a  joyous  light  that  illumines  his 
life. 

Mr.  Stevens  has  bought  the  best  cattle  obtainable.  His  first  purchase  was 
made  in  the  spring  of  1876,  of  C.  R.  Payne,  of  Hamilton.  In  the  spring  of  1877 
he  made  another  purchase  of  Gerrit  S.  Miller.  From  that  time  on  he  has  made 
choice  selections  from  the  best  herds  in  the  country.  The  wisdom  of  his  selec- 
tions is  proved  by  the  admiration  that  his  herd  receives,  by  his  many  sales  to 
the  most  fastidious  breeders,  and  by  the  fabulous  prices  that  he  has  obtained. 
He  sold  one  cow  for  $2,500,  and  received  the  enormous  sum  of  $2,800  for  one 
bull  eleven  months  old,  being  the  largest  price,  we  think,  ever  paid  for  any 
animal  of  the  breed.  Many  other  animals  of  this  herd  have  brought  large 
prices  for  the  reason  that,  in  the  first  place,  they  were  well  selected,  and  have 
since  been  well  bred  and  intelligently  developed. 

In  1892  Mr.  Stevens  took  his  two  sons  into  partnership.  This  firm  was  the 
first  to  make  official  butter  records  under  the  rules  of  the  Holsteiu-Friesian 
Association,  and  they  now  have  about  forty  cows  which  have  been  tested  out 
of  their  herd  of  100  head. 

Henry  Stevens  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Hol- 
stein-Friesian Association  in  1895.  His  sound  judgment  and  good  common 
sense  make  him  a  valuable  member. 

The  elevation  and  strength  of  his  character  are  derived  from  nature,  while 
its  direction  and  control  are  the  result  of  reflection  and  discipline.  In  his 
home,  surrounded  by  his  devoted  family  who  are  ever  ready  to  minister  to 
his  wants,  he  is  far  from  being  a  discontented  or  unhappy  man. 

J.  L.  STONE  of  Waverly,  Pa.,  secretary  of  the  Lackawanna  Breeders'  Asso- 
ciation, Waverly,  Pa.,  was  born  on  the  farm  now  occupied  by  him,  on  July  6, 
1852.  His  grandfather  came  to  this  vicinity  from  Rhode  Island  in  1807,  and 
the  family  have  occupied  this  territory  since.  All  have  been  frugal,  industri- 
ous, and  prosperous  farmers  and  public-minded  citizens. 

Mr.  J.  L.  Stone  was  educated  in  the  village  academy  at  Waverly,  Pa.,  and 
at  Cornell  University,  Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  graduating  in  the  course  of  agriculture 
with  the  class  of  1874. 

A  few  months  were  passed  clerking  in  Scranton,  Pa.  This  with  the  four 
years  spent  at  Cornell  mark  the  extent  of  his  separation  from  the  paternal 
acres. 

Mr.  Stone  bought  his  first  Holstein — a  bull  calf,  a  son  of  old  Burgomaster 
of  Beemster — of  Mr.  S.  Hoxie,  in  1879.  So  well  was  he  pleased  with  his  growth 
and  appearance  that  in  the  fall  of  1881  he  bought  of  another  member  of  the 
Unadilla  Valley  Stock  Breeders'  Association,  Mr.  H.  Langworthy,  two  three- 


B.   NAUMAN. 


SOME  AMERICAN   BREEDERS.  295 

year-old  heifers— Boukje,  116  D.-F.  H.  B.,  and  Winkje,  136  D.-F.  H.  B.  The 
former  developed  into  the  heaviest  milker  he  has  ever  owned,  her  record  being 
26,679  Ibs.  10  oz.  in  one  year.  Her  largest  day's  yield  was  85  Ibs.  10  oz.,  and 
when  she  closed  the  year,  being  three  months  in  calf,  she  was  producing  over 
60  Ibs.  of  milk  per  day.  At  that  time  (1885)  this  was  by  far  the  best  record 
that  had  been  made  in  Pennsylvania,  and  took  fourth  or  fifth  position  in  the 
United  States.  Boukje  dropped  but  one  heifer,  however,  but  through  her  sons 
her  blood  was  quite  generally  diffused  through  the  herd. 

In  1882  the  Lackawanna  Breeders'  Association  was  organized,  including 
L.  W.  Stone,  father  of  J.  L.  Stone;  J.  W.  Miller,  E.  G.  and  G.  M.  Carpenter. 
The  combined  area  of  their  farms  aggregated  about  700  acres. 

In  this  year  combined  importation  of  the  Dutch-Friesian  Association  was 
participated  in,  the  Lackawanna  Association  securing  seven  females  and  one 
male  direct  from  Holland. 

In  1884  Mr.  Stone  visited  Holland,  and  selected  thirty  head  to  add  to  the 
herd.  En  route  he  stopped  in  England,  and  selected  twenty-one  head  of  Shrop- 
shire sheep  from  some  of  the  best  flocks  there,  to  add  to  a  small  flock  already 
started. 

Through  natural  increase  and  an  occasional  purchase  the  herd  soon  reached 
about  120  head,  at  which  point  it  has  been  quite  steadily  maintained  for  the 
past  eight  or  ten  years.  There  are  also  a  few  head  of  pure-bred  Jerseys. 

Among  the  bulls  that  have  been  purchased  outside  of  this  herd  are:  Mooie 
Sjoerd,  235  D.-F.  H.  B.,  whose  dam  Sjoerd  was  the  first  Holstein  cow  to  be 
tested  for  butter,  and  produced  20  Ibs.  per  week  under  very  unfavorable  condi- 
tions in  a  test  made  by  S.  Hoxie;  Aaggie  Rachel's  Imperial.  3694;  Amleto  2d's 
Sir  Mechthilde,  14835;  Count  Clothilde  Beauty,  19706;  and  Paul  De  Kol  Amer- 
ica, 21718.  The  last  two  named  are  now  doing  duty  in  the  herd. 

Count  Clothilde  Beauty's  dam  produced  26  Ibs.  butter  in  seven  days,  his 
four  nearest  female  ancestors  produced  an  average  of  over  24  Ibs.  butter  in 
seven  days,  and  his  seven  nearest  female  ancestors  produced  over  20  Ibs.  butter 
in  seven  days. 

Paul  De  Kol  America  carries  in  his  veins  31£  per  cent  of  the  blood  of  Prin- 
cess of  Wayne,  25  per  cent  of  that  of  Pauline  Paul,  12i  per  cent  of  De  Kol  2d, 
and  12£  per  cent  of  America. 

The  milk  from  these  herds  goes  to  the  Scranton  Dairy  Company,  which 
has  a  large  trade  in  Scranton,  Pa.,  and  whose  manager  is  Mr.  G.  M.  Carpenter, 
of  the  Lackawanna  Association. 

Mr.  J.  L.  Stone  has  always  been  actively  identified  with  the  religious,  edu- 
cational, and  reform  movements  of  the  locality,  and  has  twice  been  a  candi- 
date for  the  Legislature  as  a  representative  of  a  righteous  but  unpopular  cause, 
but  luckily  escaped  serving  a  term  at  Harrisburg.  Mr.  Stone  is  secretary  of 
the  Lackawanna  County  School  Directors'  Association,  president  of  the  Lack- 
awanna County  Agricultural  Society,  and  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  State 
Board  of  Agriculture  from  Lackawanna  county,  also  secretary  of  the  Abington 
Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Company.  He  has  visited  a  large  number  of  the  coun- 
ties of  the  state  in  farmers'  institute  work. 

MR.  EDWIN  W.  TREXLER  of  Allentown,  Pa.,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was 
born  in  October,  1826,  on  the  farm  still  owned  by  him  in  Upper  Milford  town- 
ship, Lehigh  county,  Pa.  The  family  to  which  he  belongs  is  one  of  the  oldest  in 
eastern  Pennsylvania,  the  original  settlers  having  immigrated  prior  to  1720. 
Mr.  Trexler  worked  on  the  farm  until  he  was  fourteen  years  of  age,  when  he 
left  home  and  became  a  clerk  in  a  general  store  at  Emaus,  Lehigh  county,  from 
which  place  he  removed  to  Easton,  where  he  for  a  number  of  years  engaged  in 
the  store  business,  but  was  compelled  to  abandon  it  owing  to  failing  health  due 
to  the  confinement  incident  to  the  business.  He  then  removed  to  Allentown, 
Pa.,  where  he  has  been  in  the  lumber  business  since  1856. 

Mr.  Trexler  has  always  taken  a  great  interest  in  farming  and  has  owned  a 
farm  since  1847,  he  first  became  a  breeder  of  Holsteins  in  1885 ;  he  began  in  a 
small  way,  rather  by  way  of  experiment  than  with  any  idea  of  discarding  other 
breeds,  but  the  superiority  of  the  breed  over  others  became  so  apparent  that  he 
now  has  no  other  kind.  He  joined  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  of  Amer- 
ica in  1894. 

He  has  been  largely  instrumental  in  introducing  the  Holsteins  into  general 


E.  A.   POWELL. 


SOME  AMERICAN   BREEDERS.  297 


use  in  the  section  of  the  country  where  he  resides,  and  many  of  the  finest  herds 
are  the  progeny  of  stock  purchased  from  him. 

He  has  been  an  exhibitor  at  the  local  agricultural  fairs  and  his  cattle  have 
uniformly  drawn  a  large  number  of  prizes. 

Mr.  Trexler  married  in  1852  and  has  three  sons,  who  are  Col.  H.  C.  Trexler, 
a  member  of  the  E.  W.  Trexler  Lumber  Co.  of  Allentown  and  of  the  Trexler  & 
Turrell  Lumber  Co.  of  Ricketts,  Pa. ;  E.  Gr.  Trexler,  also  in  the  lumber  business 
at  Ricketts,  and  Frank  M.  Trexler,  an  attorney  at  law,  now  and  for  many  years 
city  solicitor  for  the  city  of  Allentown,  Pa. 

MR.  DON  J.  WOOD  of  West  Exeter,  N.  Y.,  was  born  in  1860  in  the  town  of 
Plainfield,  Otsego  county,  N.  Y.,  on  the  farm  which  has  ever  since  been  his 
home. 

After  a  course  of  study  in  the  West  Winfield  Academy  he  taught  school 
during  the  winter  of  1878-9,  and  the  next  winter  attended  Eastman's  National 
Business  College  at  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in 
March,  1881. 

Mr.  Wood's  first  acquaintance  with  the  Holstein-Friesian  cattle  was  in  the 
fall  of  1874,  when  his  father  and  uncle  bought  an  imported  cow  and  bull  calf. 
He  helped  to  raise  and  develop  the  grade  Holsteins  which  gradually  replaced 
the  old  dairy  of  mixed  blood,  and  then  in  turn  to  replace  these  with  registered 
Holstein-Friesians. 

In  the  spring  of  1883  Mr.  Wood  in  connection  with  his  brother,  A.  C.  Wood, 
commenced  to  conduct  the  home  farm. 

In  1884  he  became  a  member  of  the  Holstein  Breeders'  Association,  and  in 
1886  he  purchased  his  brother's  interest  in  the  herd,  which  at  that  time  con- 
tained a  number  of  pure-bred  Holstein-Friesians  descended  from  his  father's 
original  purchase  and  from  subsequent  additions  to  the  herd. 

He  early  commenced  to  make  systematic  tests  of  his  cows  and  has  been  an 
enthusiastic  supporter  of  the  system  of  Advanced  Registry  since  its  adoption 
by  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  in  1885. 

He  has  also  taken  advantage  of  the  opportunities  offered  by  the  association 
for  making  officially  authenticated  butter  records  and  has  had  several  members 
of  his  herd  officially  tested  for  butter  fat  with  excellent  results. 

As  a  result  of  careful  testing  and  selection,  aided  by  judicious  purchases, 
Mr.  Wood  now  has  a  herd  of  nearly  fifty  registered  Holstein-Friesians  of  high 
average  production  and  containing  descendants  of  many  of  the  most  noted 
animals  of  the  breed. 

MR.  J.  F.  WOODYARD,  Parkersburg,  W.  Va.,  was  born  April  28,  1850,  in 
Wood  county.  He  was  reared  on  the  farm  and  acquired  a  good  common  school 
education.  When  seventeen  years  of  age  he  took  charge  of  a  flour  and  grist 
mill  and  successfully  ran  it  for  several  years.  At  the  age  of  twenty  he  returned 
to  the  farm  and  at  twenty-one  was  married. 

He  then  purchased  a  tract  of  land  in  the  woods  near  Parkersburg,  for  which 
he  paid  $35  per  acre  and  went  in  debt  for  the  larger  portion  of  the  purchase 
money.  In  a  short  time  he  cleared  this  land  and  seeded  it  down  to  blue  grass, 
and  was  occupied  in  the  buying  and  shipping  of  stock  to  the  Baltimore  and 
Philadelphia  markets  from  1876  to  1885. 

In  1886  he  engaged  in  the  dairy  business,  and  purchased  his  first  pure-bred 
Holstein  cattle  in  1887.  This  foundation  consisted  of  a  bull  and  two  cows,  which 
Mr.  Woodyard,  relying  upon  his  own  experience  and  ability,  selected  himself. 
Mr.  Woodyard  believes  that  a  successful  judge  of  dairy  stock  must  have  actual 
experience  in  the  milking,  testing  and  handling  of  dairy  cows,  and  that  the 
selection  of  animals  by  persons  not  having  this  experience  is  apt  to  result 
disastrously. 

Mr.  Woodyard  long  since  discarded  the  idea  of  a  combination  beef  and  dairy 
cow,  and  believes  them  to  be  unprofitable  cattle.  He  is  of  the  opinion  that  a 
medium  sized  animal  is  the  better  dairy  cow,  though  he  is  inclined  to  cite  a  few 
exceptions,  such  as  Pietertje  2d,  a  large  cow  and  one  which  made  the  world's 
record  of  30,318  Ibs.  of  milk  in  one  year;  but  he  accounts  for  this  enormous 
yield  in  conjunction  with  the  size  by  stating  that  she  was  not  a  large  boned 
beefy  animal  in  appearance,  but  was  possessed  more  nearly  of  a  pure  milch  type. 

Among  the  foundation  animals  which  he  purchased  was  the  bull  Shadeland 
19 


FRANK   ROE. 


SOME  AMERICAN   BREEDERS.  299 

Hyles.  This  animal  was  a  grandson  of  Netherland  Prince  and  his  dam  was 
a  true  type  of  a  dairy  cow.  His  progeny  proved  to  be  superior  dairy  animals. 
In  his  study  of  dairying  and  dairy  cattle,  Mr.  Woodyard  availed  himself 
largely  of  the  journals  devoted  to  those  subjects,  and  also  travel  led  extensively 
in  the  dairy  states.  At  the  end  of  the  year  he  felt  that  he  had  learned  many 
things.  He  then  purchased  a  fine  lot  of  Holstein-Friesian  cattle  on  very-advan- 
tageous  terms  in  Ohio,  which  proved  to  be  the  best  lot  of  dairy  cattle  which  he 
ever  owned. 

Two  years  later  he  purchased  of  J.  B.  Dutcher  &  Son  four  fine  two-year- 
olds  for  $1,000.  In  this  lot  were  Lady  De  Kol,  Kitty  Artis  and  De  Freule  2d's 
Queen,  all  of  which  developed  into  very  fine  cows,  Lady  De  Kol  leading  the 
lot.  A  misfortune  overtook  Mr.  Woodyard  at  this  time  and  his  entire  herd 
including  these  animals  and  thirty-one  others  were  destroyed  by  fire,  leaving 
him  but  eight  head  of  Holsteins  and  three  Jerseys. 

He  proceeded  at  once  to  construct  a  model  dairy  farm  containing  every 
improvement  suggested  by  the  best  methods  of  the  day.  In  acquiring  a  new 
stock  of  Holsteins,  he  attended  the  dispersion  sale  of  the  Belle  Mead  herd, 
owned  by  Senator  J.  B.  McPherson  of  New  Jersey,  and  acquired  several  head. 
In  York,  Mich.,  he  procured  eighteen  head  more.  He  also  purchased  from  the 
famous  Jersey  herd  of  L.  T.  Bailey  twelve  of  his  finest  animals.  With  this 
collection  he  was  enabled  to  make  a  new  start,  and  a  fine  opportunity  was 
offered  to  contrast  the  merits  of  each  breed,  and  to  determine  which  was  the 
more  profitable. 

His  dairy  business  at  this  time  was  the  sale  of  milk  and  cream.  Systematic 
methods  were  adopted,  and  the  scales  and  the  Babcock  tester  and  a  record  book 
were  kept  in  constant  use.  The  amount  of  the  yield  from  each  animal  was 
separately  kept,  as  was  also  the  amount  of  feed  consumed.  Lack  of  space  pre- 
vents our  giving  a  summary  of  this  very  interesting  comparison  in  this  book. 

From  this  experience  he  determined  that  the  Holsteins  consumed  more  food 
than  the  Jerseys,  but  proportionately  to  their  size  and  yield.  As  milk  producers 
the  Holsteins  showed  thirty  per  cent  more  profit  than  the  Jerseys.  It  was  found 
that  those  customers  who  desired  a  high  colored  milk  were  better  satisfied  with 
the  mixed  milk  from  each  breed,  using  one-third  from  the  Jerseys. 

Considering  all  factors  Mr.  Woodyard  determined  that  the  Holsteins  were 
largely  the  most  profitable  animals.  For  more  than  five  years  his  yearly  average 
per  cow  varied  from  $110  to  $125.  The  milk  was  sold  at  prices  varying  from 
eighteen  cents  wholesale  to  twenty-eight  cents  retail  per  gallon,  and  seventy 
cents  per  gallon  for  cream,  4^  gallons  of  milk  making  one  of  cream  ;  and  the 
number  of  Holstein  animals  in  milk  varied  from  forty  to  fifty  head. 

The  products  of  these  cattle  were  handled  and  sold  by  Mr.  Woodyard's  two 
sons,  who  were  ten  and  twelve  years  of  age  when  they  began  the  business. 
His  oldest  son,  Frank,  ran  the  milk  wagon  for  three  consecutive  years  and  had 
no  advantages  other  than  what  schooling  he  obtained  at  home  and  upon  the 
wagon.  He  was  then  sent  to  the  high  school  at  Parkersburg,  and  shortly 
obtained  the  appointment  of  a  cadet  at  the  West  Point  Military  Academy, 
where  he  now  is.  Mr.  Woodyard's  younger  son  then  succeeded  to  the  duties  of 
his  brother  upon  the  milk  wagon. 

Misfortune  again  overtook  Mr.  Woodyard  at  this  period  and  his  buildings, 
horses,  machinery  and  nearly  everything  excepting  his  herd  of  cattle  were 
destroyed  by  fire,  compelling  him  for  the  time  to  sell  his  herd  and  abandon  the 
dairy  business.  Mr.  Woodyard  is  a  firm  believer  in  dairying  as  a  money  mak- 
ing operation  with  Holstein  cattle.  He  is  strongly  in  favor  of  the  silo  and  after 
eight  years  experience,  during  which  time  he  has  been  burned  out  twice,  he 
has  now  built  his  third  silo  and  believes  ensilage  to  be  a  most  valuable  adjunct 
in  farming. 

MR.  SAMUEL  NEWITT  WRIGHT  of  Elgin,  111.,  was  born  at  De  Ruyter,  Madi- 
son county,  N.  Y.,  March  6,  1824.  From  his  eighth  year  until  he  was  seventeen 
years  old,  Mr.  Wright  worked  for  an  uncle,  who  owned  a  farm  on  Quaker  Hill, 
De  Ruyter.  He  then  went  to  Ithaca  and  worked  a  short  time  for  Ezra  Cornell. 
On  returning  home  and  finding  some  relatives  had  moved  to  New  Jersey,  he 
followed,  and  worked  for  an  uncle  near  Camden,  still  sticking  to  farming,  which 
he  always  liked,  especially  the  live-stock  part. 

The  Virginia  fever  breaking  out,  he  went  with  an  uncle  to  that  State  and 


E.   F.  SMITH. 


SOME  AMERICAN   BREEDERS.  301 


engaged  in  farming  on  his  own  account,  meeting  with  indifferent  success.  In 
the  year  1857  he  engaged  as  manager  on  the  farm  of  A.  S.  Abel  near  Baltimore, 
Md.,  and  while  here  he  saw  the  first  black  and  white  cattle,  consisting  of  three 
head,  which  had  been  sent  over  from  Holland  to  a  Mr.  Barnum.  He  liked  them 
from  the  first  and  made  up  his  mind  if  he  ever  was  able,  he  would  have  some. 
After  three  years  work  there,  he  picked  up  his  possessions,  consisting  of  a  wife, 
three  children  and  a  few  hundred  dollars  in  money,  and  went  to  Elgin,  111. 

For  three  years  he  worked  the  land  of  B.  W.  Raymond,  within  the  city 
limits,  and  then  bought  his  present  home,  struggling  along  under  difficulties 
until  1874,  when,  in  partnership  with  Messrs.  Tefft  and  Hoag,  he  bought  the  first 
Holstein  bull  owned  in  Kane  county.  Since  then  he  has  worked  for  the 
advancement  of  the  Holstein  cattle  to  the  best  of  his  ability  with  hands,  tongue 
and  pen. 

Those  who  have  been  so  fortunate  as  to  examine  Mr.  Wright's  herds  have 
discovered  a  master's  skill  in  selection  and  breeding  these  famous  cattle.  Mr. 
Wright  is  an  old  and  highly  esteemed  member  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Asso- 
ciation of  America. 

Evidence  of  his  skill  in  selection  and  his  intimate  knowledge  of  a  milch 
cow  may  be  observed  in  various  sections  of  the  West,  where  there  are  many 
large  herds  whose  foundation  animals  Mr.  Wright  has  been  called  upon  as  an 
expert  to  select. 

MR.  J.  H.  D.  WHITCOMB  of  Beaver  Brook  Stock  Farm,  Littleton,  Mass.,  was 
born  June  15,  1861,  upon  the  farm  which  he  now  occupies.  This  farm  has  been 
in  the  Whitcomb  family  for  no  less  than  eight  generations  and  the  various 
members  of  the  family  have  been  prominently  identified  with  agricultural 
matters. 

In  the  fall  of  1879  Mr.  Whitcomb  completed  the  course  of  study  at  the 
Bryant  and  Stratton  Commercial  School  at  Boston,  acted  as  his  father's  fore- 
man until  1883.  He  then  purchased  the  herd  of  Ayrshire  cows  owned  by  his 
father  and  began  business. 

In  January,  1884,  he  visited  the  Lakeside  Stock  Farm,  the  great  Holstein- 
Friesian  breeding  establishment  of  Smiths  &  Powell  Co.,  at  Syracuse,  N.  Y., 
and  selected  two  very  choice  animals,  a  bull  and  a  heifer.  These  animals  were 
fine  representatives  of  the  breed  and  from  the  Aaggie  and  Alexander  families, 
the  bull  being  Sir  Rupert  of  Aaggie,  and  the  heifer,  Amy  Alexander.  These 
constituted  the  foundation  of  the  now  widely  known  Beaver  Brook  Herd  of 
Holstein-Friesians,  which  has  been  gradually  increased  until  at  present  it  num- 
bers about  fifty  pure-bred  recorded  cattle. 

Mr.  Whitcomb  found  in  his  early  experience  with  the  breed  that  it  was  con- 
sidered too  large  for  New  England  pastures,  but  with  trial  and  investigation 
this  unfounded  prejudice  disappeared,  and  he  now  finds  it  difficult  to  supply 
the  demand.  As  milk  and  butter  producers  Mr.  Whitcomb  considers  the  breed 
has  no  equal  and  probably  no  family  in  New  England  has  had  longer  or  greater 
experience  in  milk  producing  than  the  Whitcombs. 

For  the.  past  few  years  Mr.  Whitcomb  has  been  a  large  and  successful 
exhibitor  at  the  Bay  State  and  New  England  Fairs.  The  high  quality  of  his 
herd  has  here  been  demonstrated  to  the  public  by  the  many  prizes  awarded  to 
its  members  by  expert  judges  of  the  breed. 

The  blood  lines  followed  in  the  breeding  of  Beaver  Brook  herd  are  those 
whose  performances  have  been  the  means  of  their  popularity  as  great  producers. 
Most  prominent  are  the  Aaggie,  Netherland,  Queen  of  the  Hill  and  Clothilde 
families.  The  leading  sire  of  the  herd,  Sir  Netherland  Soldene  Clothilde,  is  also 
of  these  lines  and  has  the  additional  qualifications  of  much  beauty  and  sym- 
metry of  form.  In  the  public  competitions  at  the  various  fairs,  this  grand  bull 
has  never  failed  to  bring  the  highest  award  to  Beaver  Brook. 

Mr.  THERON  G.  YEOMANS  was  born  in  Cairo,  Greene  county,  N.  Y.,  Jan- 
uary 31,  1815.  He  removed  to  Walworth,  Wayne  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1830,  where 
he  has  since  resided.  Until  sixteen  years  of  age  his  home  was  on  a  farm,  and 
for  the  next  fifteen  years  he  was  engaged  in  mercantile  business.  In  1840,  in 
connection  with  his  other  interests,  he  engaged  in  the  nursery  business,  which 
for  more  than  forty  years  has  been  known  as  the  Walworth  Nurseries,  in  con- 
nection with  which  he  planted  extensive  orchards  embracing  about  150  acres, 


HENRY  STEVENS. 


SOME  AMERICAN  BREEDERS.  303 


which  have  for  many  years  borne  abundance  of  fruit ;  a  part  of  his  orchards 
consisted  of  about  3,000  dwarf  pear  trees  which  he  imported  from  France  in 
1851,  which  have  been  in  good  bearing  condition  more  than  thirty  years. 

In  1879  he  went  to  Holland  where  he  selected  for  their  firm  (T.  G.  Yeomans 
&  Sons)  the  foundation  herd  of  Holstein-Friesian  cattle,  which  has  become 
noted  for  its  uniform  and  superior  excellence. 

Mr.  Yeomans  was  the  first  president  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association 
of  America,  and  gave  active  and  efficient  influence  in  accomplishing  the  union 
of  the  Holstein  and  Dutch-Fresian  Associations,  both  of  which  were  propagat- 
ing the  same  breed  of  cattle. 

He  also  earnestly  co-operated  in  establishing  the  system  of  Advanced  Reg- 
istry of  the  Association,  and  the  firm  of  T.  G.  Yeomans  &  Sons  caused  of  their 
herd  the  entry  of  the  first  forty  animals  in  this  register,  and  every  one  upon 
both  their  milk  and  butter  records.  They  were  the  pioneers  also  in  testing  their 
herd  for  butter,  which  has  led  to  such  wonderful  development  of  the  butter 
qualities  of  this  breed  of  cattle.  They  have  not  aimed  to  have  a  very  large 
herd,  but  have  persistently  and  very  successfully  sought  to  have  one  of  the 
greatest  uniform  excellence. 

Mr.  Yeomans  has  resided  in  Walworth  for  sixty  years  and  for  fifty  years  in 
the  house  in  which  he  now  lives.  He  is  a  widely  known  and  highly  esteemed 
citizen.  His  sterling  integrity  and  true  manly  qualities  have  made  him  rec- 
ognized and  honored  in  many  high  positions  of  trust  and  responsibilty  in  local 
affairs.  In  1851  and  1852  he  was  a  member  of  the  New  York  State  Legislature. 
In  the  Holstein-Friesian  Association  his  wise,  conservative  counsels  have  been 
highly  valued  and  he  has  served  almost  continuously  as  a  member  of  its  board 
of  officers. 


J.  L.  STONE. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS 

OF 

RECORDED  HOLSTEIN-PRIESIAN  COWS. 


A  LIST  OF  ALL  PUBLISHED  BUTTER  AND  MILK  RECORDS  OF  HOLSTE1N- 

FRIESIAN  COWS,    SHOWING  ALSO  THE   SIRE  AND 

DAM  OF  EACH  COW. 


NOTE.— The  name  of  the  animal  is  followed  by  its  Herd-Book  number,  its  sire  and  dam  and  then  a 
statement  of  its  record.  The  letters  A.  R.  after  any  record  indicate  that  it  is  an  Advanced 
Registry  test.  P.  indicates  a  private  test.  A.  R.  A.  indicates  an  Officially  Authenticated 
Advanced  Registry  test.  H.  indicates  registry  in  the  Holstein  Herd-Book.  H.  F.  the  Holstein- 
Friesian  Herd-Book.  C.  the  Canadian  Herd-Book.  W.  the  Western  Holstein-Friesian  Herd- 
Book.  D.-F.  the  Dutch-Friesian  Herd-Bock.  N.  H.  B.  the  American  Branch  of  the  North 
Holland  Herd-Book. 

Persons  noting  errors  or  omissions  in  this  list  will  confer  a  favor  by  promptly  informing  the 
editor  and  giving  a  correct  statement  of  the  record,  which  will  be  published  in  the  revised  edition  of 
this  work. 

AAFJE  3o,  1522  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  2356  Ibs.  1  oz.  31  days,  A.R. 

AAGOIE,  901  H.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day  ,  18,004  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  17  Ibs.  12  oz. 

7  days. 
AAGGIE  2o,  1360  H.    Jacob  2d,  56  Neth. ;  Aaggie,  901  H.    Milk  85  Ibs.  1  day,  20,7G3  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year, 

A.R.    Butter  26  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  105  21-32  Ibs.  30  days,  304  11-32  Ibs.  1  year,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  3n,  1676  H.    Sentinel,  512  H. ;  Aaggie  2d,  1360  H.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  10,810  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year, 

A.R.    Butter  19  Ibs.  1  oz.,  A.R. 
AAQGIE  3o\s  WAYNE,  10516  H.  F.     Prince  Aaggi-  Wayne,  1627  H.  F.;  Aaggie  3d,   1676  H.    Milk  48 

Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  12,817  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  19  Ibs.  10  oz.,  P. 
AAGGIE  3D1*  WAYNE  DE  KOL,  27098  H.  F.    Paul  De  Kol,  14634  H.  F.:  Aaggie  3d's  Wayne,  10516  H.  F. 

Butter  12  Ibs.  121-6oz. 
AAGGIE  4-rn,  3018  H.    Burly,  394  H. :  Aaggie  2d.  1360  H.    Milk  72  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  8155  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

year,  A.R.    Butter  12  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  A.  R. 
AAGGIE  4xn's  PRINCESS,  18454  H.  F.    Royal  Aaggie,  3463  H. :  Aaggie  4th,  3018  H.    Milk  43  Ibs.  7  oz. 

1  day,  P.;  11,280  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  9  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  STH,  4759  H.    Burly,  394  H. ;  Aaggie  2d,  1360  H.    Milk  59  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  9698  Ibs.  10  oz.  1 

year,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  15  oz.,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  6TH,  4760  H.    Foil,  1237  H.;  Aaggie  3d,  1676  H.    Milk  45  Ibs.  13  oz.,  P.;  10,430  Ibs.  3  oz.,  P. 

Butter  19  Ibs.  1  oz.,  P. 

AAGGIE  ADA,  4329  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  1182  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  ALBA,  4335  H.    Sir  Henry  of  Aaggie.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs. 
AAGGIE  ALLIS,  4330  H. ;  Willem,  84  Neth. ;  Aaggie  Isadora,  4493  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  8315  Ibs. 

4  oz.  8  months  3  days. 
AAGGIE  ALLIS  ARTIS,  15050  H.  F.    Sir  Phlox,  4113  H.  F.;  Sarah  Artis,  4856  H.  F.    Milk  10,000  Ibs.  1 

year.    Butter  10  Ibs.  9  1-2  oz.  7  days. 
AAGGIE  AHNA,  26994  H.  F.    Shadeland  Tara  2d's  Albion,  12210  H.  F.;  Molette  2d's  Beauty,  13737  H. 

F.    Milk  38  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  1110  Ibs.  30  days,  A.R.    Butter  10  Ibs.  3  1-2  oz.  7  days,  A.R 
AAGGIE  ANNA,  2602  H.    Imp.    Milk  69  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  16,993  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year.    Butter  16  Ibs.  13  oz.   7 

days. 

AAGGIE  AURELIA,  2630  H.    Imp.    Milk  2203  Ibs  4  oz.  3  months  16  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  B.,  13637  H.  F.    Aaggie  Grace's  Lad,  896  H.  F.;  Aaggie  Grace  2d,  8494  H.    Milk  412  Ibs.  12 

oz.  7  days,  A.R.     Butter  16  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

AAGGIE  BEATRICE.  4336  H.     Imp.     Milk  4320  Ibs.  10  oz.  6  months  25  days,  P. 

AAGGIE  BEATRICE  2D,  5243  H.    Tromp,  188  Neth.    Imp.     Milk  9612  Ibs.  14  oz.  8  months  23  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  BEAUTY,  2907  H.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P.;  13,573  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  20 

Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  85  Ibs.  7  3-4  oz.  30  days. 
AAGGIE  BEAUTY  2o,  2631  H.    Jacob  2d,  56  Neth.    Imp.     Milk  49  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  14,958  Ibs.  14  oz. 

1  year.    Butter  23  Ibs.  5  3-4  oz.  7  days.  94  Ibs.  15  3-4  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  BEAUTY  5TH,  3870  H.  F.    Ryse  Duke,  3073  H.;  Aaggie  Beauty,  2907  H.     Milk  529  Ibs.   14  oz. 

10  days,  A.R. 

AAGGIE  BELLE,  2607  H.    Jacob  2d.  56  Neth. ;  Trijntje,  35  Neth.    Milk  9673  Ibs.  14  oz.  11  months,  P. 
AAGGIE  BERTHA,  2620  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day. 

AAGGIE  BONNIE,  2608  H.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,    12,267  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months  16  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  BONNIE  2o,  6053  H.    Sir  Henry  2d  of  Aaggie,  1451  H. ;   Aaggie  Bonnie,  2608  H.    Milk  10,525 

Ibs.  4  oz  1  year.    Butter  11  Ibs.  61-4  oz.  7  days. 
AAGGIE  BOONSTRA,  10603  H.  F.    DeKol  2d1s  Prince,  2767  H.  F. ;  Boonstra  5th,  2419  H.  F.    Butter  15 

Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days. 

(305) 


E.  W.  TREXLER. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  307 

AAGGIE  CAMILLE,  4349  H.    Sir  Henry  of  Aaggie,  1450  H. ;  De  Schot,  573  Neth.    Milk  11,103  Ibs.  14  oz. 

1  year,  P. 
AAGGIE  CATHARINE,  4573  H.    Lincoln,  120  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  2922  Ibs.  8  oz.  60  days, 

A.R.    Butter  21  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  CLARA,  2626  H.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  4085  Ibs.  60  days.    Butter  2  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

day. 

AAGGIE  CLEORA,  4567  H.    Imp.    Milk  4501  Ibs.  12  oz.  6  months  12  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  CONSTANCE,  2629  H.    De  Ruiter,  89  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  16,761  Ibs.   11 

ozt  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  19  Ibs.  14  1-2  oz.  7  days. 
AAGGIE  CONSTANCE'S  NETHERLAND,  16532  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;   Aaggie  Constance, 

2629  H.     Butter  12  Ibs.  5  oz. 
AAGGIE  CORA,  2609  H.    Jacob   2d,  56  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  13,996  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

Butter  15  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  CORNELIA,  4410  H.    Imp.    Milk  73  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  16,794  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs. 

1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  CORNELIA  2o,  4341  H.    Alexander,  83  Neth. :  Aaggie  Cornelia,  4410  H.    Milk  63 1-6  Ibs.  1  day, 

14,610  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  CORNELIA  2o's  GRACE,  9816  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Aaggie  Cornelia  2d,  4341  H. 

Milk  37  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  4134  Ibs.  12  oz.  5  months  20  days,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  CORNELIA  3o,  4342  H.    Alexander,  83  Neth. ;  Aaggie  Cornelia,  4410  H.    Milk  78  Ibs.  12  oz.  1 

day,  P. ;  17,350  Ibs.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  17  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  CORNELIA  SB'S  LASS,  6735  H.    Tromp,  188  Neth. ;  Aaggie  Cornelia  3d,  4342  H.    Milk  41  Ibs. 

9  oz.  1  day,  11,152  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  year.  P.    Butter  9  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  CORNELIA  4TH,  4343  H.    Alexander,  83  Neth. ;  Aaggie  Cornelia,  4410  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  oz.  1 

day,  P.;  13,818  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  19  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  CORNELIA  STH,  6733  H.    Tromp,  188  Neth. ;  Aaggie  Cornelia,  4410  H.    Milk  10,870  Ibs.  9  oz. 

1  year,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  7  oz.,  P. 
AAGOIE  CORNELIA  ton's  PRINCESS,  1566  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Aaggie  Cornelia  5th, 

6733  H.    Milk  10,578  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  year,  A.R.     Butter  18  Ibs.  14  1-2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  DIAMOND,  4975  H.  F.    Royal  Aaggie,  3465  H. ;  Aaggie  6th,  4760  H.  Milk  53  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. ; 

8919  Ibs.  2  oz.  12  days,  A.R.    Butter  24  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. ;  10  Ibs.  8  oz.  3  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  DOROTHY,  4352  H.    Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AAGGIE  DOUGLAS,  10909  H.  F.    Princess  Aaggie's  Royal,  4492  H. ;  Ada  Douglass,  4202  H.    Butter 

20  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  78  Ibs.  11  oz.  30  days.  P. 

AAGGIE  ELLA.  6382  H.  F.    Careno  Prince,  2353  H. ;  Aaggie  Alba.  4335  H.    Milk  78  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. 
AAGGIE  ETHEL,  4353  H.    Sir  Henry  of  Aaggie.  1450  H.    Imp.    Milk  53  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  14,144  Ibs. 

oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  P. 

AAGGIE  ETTA,  4555  H.    Lincoln,  120  Neth. ;  Matilda,  444  Neth.    Milk  38  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
AAGGIE  EVA,  4354  H.    De  Ruiter,  89  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  36  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  14,016  Ibs.  9  oz.   1  year, 

P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 

AAGGIE  FANNIE,  4358  H.    Jacob  4th,  210  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  37  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AAGGIE  FIDELIA,  4357  H.    Jacob  4th,  210  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  11,412  Ibs.  13  oz.  1 

year,  P. 
AAGGIE  FLORA,  2606  H.    Jacob  2d,  56  Neth. ;  De  Schot,  573  Neth.    Milk  82  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  3329  Ibs.  2 

months  18  days,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  GERALDINE,  4360  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

AAGGIE  GERTRUDE,  4359  H.    Sir  Henry  of  Aaggie,  1450  H. ;  Lijsie,  709  Neth.    Milk  32  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AAGGIE  GRACE,  2618  H.    Imp.    Milk  8543  Ibs.  2  oz.  8  months  15  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  GRACE  2o,  8494  H.    Prince  Imperial,  1164  H. ;  Aaggie  Grace,  2618  H.    Milk  397  Ibs.  10  oz.  10 

days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  GRACE'S  BOY'S  QUEEN,  22941  H.  F.    Aaggie  Grace's  Boy,  7068  H.  F. ;  Queen  of  the  Valley 

4th,  1284  H.  F.    Mflk  10.869  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  GRACE'S  BOY'S  TOPSY,  22946  H.  F.    Aaggie  Grace's  Boy,  7068  H.  F. ;  Judith  W.  2d,  1287  H.  F. 

Milk  360  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 

AAGGIE  GRANT,  86  H.  F.    Royal  Aaggie,  3463  H. ;  Nellie  Grant,  943  H.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AAGGIE  HANNAH,  4361  H.    Jacob  2d,  56  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day,  P. :  16,268  Ibs.   6  oz. 

1  year,  A.R.    Butter  19  Ibs.  7  3-4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  HANNAH  2o,  1587  H.  F.    Prince  Imperial,  1164  H.;  Aaggie  Hannah,  4361  H.    Milk  5232  Ibs. 

15  oz.  8  months  12  days,  P. 

AAGGIE  HARTOG,  3  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  13,498  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

AAGGIE  HARTOG,  2D.  48  D.  F.   Ellswout  2d,  2  A.;  Aaggie  Hartog,  3  D.  F.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AAGGIE  HARTOG  3D,  48  D.  F.    Paul  Potter,  2  D.  F. ;    Aaggie  Hartog,  3  D.  F.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AAGGIE  HENRIETTA,  9026  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  Lambert,  1263  H.  F. ;  Aaggie  Cornelia  3d's  Lass,  6735 

H.    Milk  13,491  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  A.  R.     Butter  21  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  HOPEFUL,  6003  H.  F.    Aaggie  Rosa's  Prince,  3132  H.;  Myth,  8096  H.     Milk  48  Ibs.  13  oz.   1 

day,  P. 

AAGGIE  IDA,  2600  H.    Imp.    Milk  47  Ibs.  1  day,  1294  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  IDALINE,  4362  H.    Jacob,  20  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,   17,129  Ibs.  7  oz.   1   year,  P. 

Butter  19  Ibs.  2  3-4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  IDALINE  2o,  4363  H.    Jacob  2d,  56  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,   14,229  Ibs.   1   oz.   1 

year,  P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  clays,  P. 
AAGGIE  IDALINE  3o,  4364  H.    Jacob  2d,  56  Neth.    Milk  69  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  15,785  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  P. 

Butter  17  Ibs.  11  3-4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

AAGGIE  IDALINE  4TH,  4365  H.    Imp.    Milk  3642  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  months  6  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  IDALINE  6ra,  4366  H.    Willem,  84  Neth. ;  Aaggie  Idaline,  4362  H.     Milk  46  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day, 

12,402  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  IDALINE  7TH,  8479  H.  F.    Netherland  Monk,  4424  H. ;  Aaggie  Idaline,  4362  H.   Milk  50  Ibs.  10 

oz.  1  day,  P.;  8564  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  20  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R, 
AAGGIE  IRENE,  4569  H.    Jacob  2d,  56  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

AAGGIE  ISADORA,  4493  H.    Jacob  2d,  56  Neth.    Imp.   Milk  54  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  11 ,068  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  P. 
AAGGIE  JENNIE,  2625  H.    De  Ruiter,  89  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day,  5104  Ibs.  6   oz.  4 

months  13  days,  P. 

AAGGIE  JOSEPHINE,  4476  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,526  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  JOSEPHINE  2o,  1635  H.  F.    Uncle  Tom  2d,  1163  H. :  Aaggie  Josephine,  4476  H.    Milk  44  Ibs.  3 

oz.  1  day,  8757  Ibs.  3  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 


DON  J.  WOOD. 


MILK  AND   BUTTER  RECORDS.  309 

AAGGIE  JOSEPHINE  3o,  4002  H.  F.    Billy  Bawn,  3087  H. ;  Aaggie  Josephine,  4476  H.    Milk  43 Ibs.  15 oz. 

1  day,  8500  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
AAGGIE  JOSIE.  4367  H.    Lincoln,  120  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  46  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  4605  Ibs.  3  oz.  4  months 

12  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  JULIET,  4474  H.    Sir  Henry  of  Aaggie,  1450  H. ;  Blokker,  390  Neth.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  12,176 

Ibs.  10  months  20  days,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  10>£  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  JULIET  2o,  2180  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Aaggie  Juliet,  4474  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1 

day,  P. 

AAGGIE  KATE,  4516  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  13  5-7  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  8  1-2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  KATHLEEN,  4492  H.    Jacob,  20  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  56  Ibs.  8  oz.   1  day,  11,390  Ibs.   13  oz. 

9  months  6  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  LAMBERT,  8556  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  Lambert,  1263  H.  F. ;  Aaggie  Hannah  2d,  1587  H.  F.    Milk 

10,000  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

AAGGIE  LAURA,  2616  H.    Napoleon.  129  Neth.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  7  days,  P.    •"•*' 
AAGGIE  LAURA,  2D,  250  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  of  Aaggie,  1450  H. ;  Aaggie  Laura,  2616  H.    Milk  42  Ibs.  11 

oz.  1  day,  P.;  9054  Ibs.  11  1-2  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  15  Ibs.  6  1-2  oz..  P. 
AAGGIE  LEE,  2613  H.    Napoleon,  129  Neth. ;  Marie,  373  Neth.    Milk  12,760  Ibs.  9  oz.  11  months  9  days, 

P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  LEILA,  2603  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  1612  Ibs.  31  days,  A.R.    Butter  17  Ibs.  4  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  LEILA  2D,  6067  H.    Sir  William  of  Aaggie,  1455  H.  F. ;  Aaggie  Leila,  2603  H.  F.    Milk  73  Ibs. 

1  day,  P. 
AAGGIE  LEILA'S  INKA,  5481  H.  F.    Inka's  Duke,  1161  H.;  Aaggie  Leila,  2603  H.    Milk  62  Ibs.  3  oz.  1 

day,  P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 

AAGGIE  LILY,  4393  H.    Lincoln,  120  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  1104  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
AAGGIE  LILY  3o,  1128  H.  F.    Lad  of  Prescott,  2389  H. ;  Aaggie  Lily,  4393  H.    Milk  367  Ibs.  6  oz.  10 

days,  A.R.    Butter  9  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  LILY  STH,  8638  H.  F.    Otsego  Chief,  893  H.  F. ;  Aaggie  Lily,  4393  H.   Milk  370  Ibs.  10  oz.  10 

days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  LOTTA,  4405  H.    Tromp,  188  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  10,562  Ibs.  15  oz.  9  months,  P.    Butter  19 

Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  LOTTA  3D,  11796  H.  F.    Netherland  Carl,  3279  H.;  Aaggie  Lotta,  4405  H.    Butter  16  Ibs.  12 

oz  .  7  days,  P. 

AAGGIE  LOUISE,  2622  H.    Jacob  2d,  56  Neth. ;  Fispal.    Milk  12,229  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P. 
AAGGIE  LULA,  2621  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
AAGGIE  MARIA,  2604  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 
AAGGIE  MARY,  3648  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  2d  of  Aaggie,  1451  H.;  Jacob  Wit's  Berylla,  7792  H.    Milk  38 

Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 

AAGGIE  MAUD,  2615  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  2550  Ibs.  72  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  MAXIMA,  6001  H.  F.    Aaggie  Rosa  Prince,  3132  H. ;  Magna  Charta,  8102  H.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1 

AAGGIE  MAY,  2601  H.  Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  16,125  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  2  oz. 

A.R. 
AAGGIE  MAY  2D,  3501  H.    Sir  Henry  of  Aaggie,  1450  H. ;  Aaggie  May,  2601  H.    Milk  43  Ibs.  8  oz  1  day, 

11,346  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  8  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  MAY  4TH,  8478  H.  F.    Clothilde  4th's  Imperial,  1281  H.  F.;  Aaggie  May  2601  H.    Butter  11 

Ibs.  9  1-2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  MERREL,  2628  H.    De  Ruiter,  89  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  46  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  13,818  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year 

P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  1  3-4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  MERREL  2D,  1577  H.  F.    Netherland  King,  1924  H.;  Aaggie  Merrel,  2628  H.    Milk  10,173  Ibs. 

15  oz.  1  year.  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days.  P. 
AAGGIE  MERREL  4TH,  8330  H.  F.    Netherland  Statesman,  3280  H.;  Aaggie  Merrel,  2628  H.    Milk 

11,035  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  6  1-2  oz.  A  R. 

AAGGIE  OF  ASHLEY,  3883  H.    Neptune,  711  H.;  Arminda,  2658  H.    Milk  38  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. 
AAGGIE  OF  HOORN,  4481  H.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AAGGIE  OF  HOORN'S  NETHERLAND,  10653  H.  F.    Netherland  Marquis,  2484  H.;  Aaggie  of  Hoorn, 

.  4481  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  9836  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  P.     Butter  14  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  OF  MIDWOUD,  4482  H.    Imp.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 
AAGGIE  OPTIMA,  6002  H.  F.    Aaggie  Rosa  Prince,  3132  H. ;  Magna  Charta,  8102  H.    Milk  29  Ibs.  8  oz. 

1  day,  P. 
AAGGIE  PANSY,  4434  H.    Napoleon,  129  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  1794  Ibs.  30  days,  A.R.    Butter  15  Ibs.  12 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
AAG  GIE  PANSY  2o,  6072  H.  F.    Netherland  Convoy,  2934  H. ;  Aaggie  Pansy,  4434  H.    Milk  51  Ibs.  8 

oz.  1  day,  P.;  1249  Ibs.  8oz.  31  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  PANSY  3o,  14128  H.  F.    Netherland  Convoy,  2934  H.;  Aaggie  Pansy,  4434  H.    Milk  31  Ibs.  4 

oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  PAULINE,  2623  H.    De  Ruiter.  89  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  11,599  Ibs.  11  oz.  10  months,  P.    Butter 

18  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  PEARL,  9783  H.    Prince  of  Wayne  5th,  1910  H. ;  Aaggie  4th,  3018  H.    Milk  55  Ibs.   13  oz.   1 

day,  P.;  11,305  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  13  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  RACHEL,  4473  H.    Sir  Henry  of  Aaggie,  1450  H.    Imp.    Milk  14,959  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 

Butter  17  Ibs.  9  3-4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  ROSA,  2605  H.    Jacob  1st,  20  Neth. ;  Jansje,  88  Neth.    Milk  91  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  20,225  Ibs.  3  oz. 

1  year,  A.R.    Butter  22  Ibs.  8  1-2  oz.  7  days,  87  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  ROSA  2o,  2610  H.    Jacob  2d,  56  Neth. ;  Wemeltein,  323  Neth.    Milk  65  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  16,834 

Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  2  1-2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  ROSA  2o's  NETHERLAND,  7006  H.  F.    Netherland  Statesman,  3280  H.:  Aaggie   Rosa    2d, 

2610  H.    Milk  7372  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  months  10  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  ROSA  3o,  2611  H.    De  Ruiter,  89  Neth.;  Aaggie  Rosa  2d,  2610  H.    Milk  8175  Ibs.  10  months, 

A.R. 
AAG  GIE  ROSA  4TH.  3485  H.    Sir  Henry  of  Aaggie,  1450  H. ;  Aaggie  Rosa,   2605  H.    Milk  12,735  Ibs. 

4  oz.  P.     Butter  21  Ibs.  8  1-2  oz.  7  days,  88  Ibs.  11  oz.  30  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  ROSALIND,  4404  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  10,809  Ibs.  6  months,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  12 

oz.  7  days,  P. 

AAGGIE  ROSA  PRINCESS,  9636  H.  F.    Aaggie  Rosa's  Prince,  3132  H  ;  Saboa,  7959  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.  8 
oz.  1  day,  1129  Ibs.  27  days,  P. 


J.   F.  WOODYARD. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  311 

AAGGIE  ROZALIA,  4939  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  2d  of  Aaggie,  1451  H.;  Aaggie  Rosa  3d's  Diora,  8465  H. 

Butter  12  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 

AAGGIE  SADIE,  4472  H.    De  Ruiter,  89  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  11,809  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P. 
AAGGIE  SADIE  VALE,  4979  H.  F.    Royal  Aaggie,  3463  H.;  Sadie  Vale,  958  H.    Milk  36  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

day,  P. ;  8620  Ibs.  23  days,  A.R.    Butter  22  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  SAPHIRA,  4568  H.    Imp.    Milk  35  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  1006  Ibs.  1  oz.  30  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  SAPHIRA  2o,  4568  H.    Imp.    Milk  8579  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  SAPHIRA  3o,  1289  H.  F.    Lad  of  Prescott,  2389  H. ;    Aaggie  Saphira,  4568  H.    Milk  7703  Ibs. 

J2  oz.  8  months  10  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  SAPHIRA  MAY,  7329  H.  F.    Lad  of  Prescott  2d,  968  H.  F.;  Aaggie  Saphira  3d,  1289  H.  F. 

Milk  371  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  SAPHIRA  W.,  2530  H.  F.    Lad  of  Prescott  2389  H.;  Aaggie  Saphira  2d,  8483  H.    Milk  5331 

Ibs.  6  months  26  days,  P. 

AAGGIE  SARAH,  4412  H.    Jacob  2d,  56  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  16,993  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P. 
AAGGIE  SARAH  2D,  7142  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,682  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year,  P. ;  10,926  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

Butter  17  Ibs.  5  3-4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  SOPHIA,  4394  H.    Sir  Henry  of  Aaggie,  1450  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  7523  Ibs.  14 

oz.  6  months,  P. 
AAGGIE'S  SECOND  DAUGHTER,  8700  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Aaggie,  901  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  2  oz. 

1  day,  P.;  11,090  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  15  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  STELLA,  4477  H.    Imp.    Milk  46  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  1365  Ibs.  12  oz.  30  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  STELLA  2o,  574  H.  F.    Captain  Daw,  2088  H.;  Aaggie  Stella,  4477  H.    Milk  47  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

day,  P.;  7717  Ibs.  8  oz.  8  months  14  days,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  STELLA  3o,  4000  H.  F.    Captain  Daw,  2088  H.    Aaggie  Stella,  4477  H.    Milk  7343  Ibs.  11  oz. 

10  months,  A.R. 
AAGGIE'S  THIRD  DAUGHTER,  1597  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Aaggie,  901  H.    Milk  7710  Ibs. 

3  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  14  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  51  Ibs.  4  1-4  oz.  30  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  TEHEE,  8226  H.  F.    Aaggie  Grace's  Lad,  896  H.  F.;  Tehee,  8484  H.    Milk  452  Ibs.  15  oz.  10 

AAGGIE^WAYNE;  9780  H.    Prince  of  Wayne  5th,  1910  H.;  Aaggie  2d,  1360  H.    Milk  61  Ibs.  9  oz.  1 

day,  12,156  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  9  Ibs.  14  1-2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AAGGIE  WAYNE  3o,  13747  H.  F.    Koningin  Van  Friesland  5th's  Netherland,  3515  H.  F.;    Aaggie 

Wayne,  9780  H.    Milk  41  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  9247  Ibs.  5  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
AAGGIE  WAYNE  4TH,  28386  H.  F.    Duke  Netherland,  1271  H.  F. ;  Aaggie  Wayne,  9780  H.    Milk  7977 

Ibs.  1  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

AAGGIE  WIT,  9391  H.    Jacob,  20  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  P. 
AAGJI  2o,  981  H.    Imp.    Milk  1293  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P 
AALTJE,  711  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  85  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  P. 

AALTJE  2D,  982  H.    Imp.    Milk  44  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  6255  Ibs.  4  oz.  6  months  10  days,  P. 
AALTJE  LEE  2o,  3237  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

AALTJE  TOLSMA  2o,  221  D.  F.    Mooie,  26  M.  R. ;  Aaltje  Tolsma,  69  M.  R.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AALTJE  TOLSMA  3o,  1110  D.  F.    Prince  Kuperus,  121  P.  R. ;  Aaltje  Tolsma,  69  M.  R.    Milk  69  Ibs.   12 

oz.  1  day,  P. ;  14,316  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  months  25  days,  A.R.    Butter  19  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
AALTJE  TWISK,  9682  H.  F.    Twisk's  Pride,  1208  H. ;  Aaltje  Wessels  2d,  8339  H.    Milk  8121  Ibs.  4  oz. 

10  months,  A.R. 

AALTJE  WESSELS,  5710  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
AALTJE  WESSELS  2o,  8339  H.    Imp.    Milk  47  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  12,912  Ibs.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  15 

Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

AALTJE  HENGERVELD,  11  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  11,856  Ibs.  292  days,  P. 
AALTJE  HENGERVELD  3o,  18  D.  F.    Paul  Potter,  2  D.  F. ;  Aaltje  Hengerveld,  11  D.F.    Milk  65  Ibs.   1 

day,  10,006  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AALQui/1691  D.  F.    Dirk;  Aaltje.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  31  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AARDZAK,  2021  H.  F.    De  Prins,  310  Neth. ;  Anna,  1024  Neth.    Milk  13,859  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
ABANAKA,  7152  H.    Imp.    Milk  7333  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

ABBA,  872  H.    Imp.     Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ABBA  2o,  3864  H.    Banjo,  564  H. ;  Abba.  872  H.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ABBEKERK  PRINCESS,  3829  H.  F.    Abbekerk,  206  Neth. ;  Trijntje,  735  H.  F.    Milk  53  Ibs.   1  day,  P. 

Butter  11  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ABBY,  586  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ABDALETTA,  6847  H.    Imp.    Milk  987  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
ABINADE  BOER,  377  F.  H.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ABRA,  9312  H.  F.    Sancho,  3902  H. ;  Pavia,  7162  H.    Milk  9322  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
ACHSAH,  5902  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  10,550  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P. 
ACME,  547  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  1 1-2  oz.  4  days,  P. 
AGRA,  7150  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,202  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P. 
ADA,  1872  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
ADA  ALEXANDER,  4563  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ADA  ARTIS,  4839  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  7387  Ibs.  2  oz.  5  months  12  days,  P. 
ADA  DOUGLAS,  4202  H.    Lord  Russell  2d,  622  H.    Belle  Douglas,   1108  H.    Milk  55  Ibs.   1  day,  P. 

Butter  18  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
ADDIE,  873  H.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  17,164  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  14  oz.   7 

days,  P. 
ADDIE  2o,  8467  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Addie,  873  H.    Milk  8752  Ibs.  10  oz.  11  months,  P 

Butter  10  Ibs.  19  1-2  oz.,  P. 
ADDIE  2D's  AAGGIE,  6931  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  2d  of  Aaggie,  1451  H. ;  Addie  2d,  8467  H.    Milk  49  Ibs.  8 

oz.  1  day,  1212  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P. 
ADELIA  ARTIS  4840  H.    Artis,  127  Neth.;  Pastelijntje,  2580  Neth.    Milk  11,467  Ibs.  14  oz.  10  months, 

A.R.    Butter  81  Ibs.  3  3-4  oz.  30  days,  P. 
ADELIA  ARTIS  2o,  7003  H.  F.    Artis  America,  3938  H. ;  Adelia  Artis,  4840  H.    Milk  6216  Ibs.  5  oz.  7 

months  10  days,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  81  Ibs.  3  3-4  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 
ADELIZA,  7431  H.    Lord  Bantam,   1011  H.;  Marie  Wortel  2d,   1838  H.     Milk  8009  Ibs.  3  oz.     0 

months,  P. 

ADMIRALDA,  7838  H.    Imp.    Milk  38  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 

ADMIRATION,  6235  H.    Consolation,  2661  H. ;  Gwendolen,  2329  H.    Butter  12  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ADRIAANTJE,  9461  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day. 
ADRIANE  2o,  7146  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,840  Ibs.  9  months  17  days,  A.R. 


S.  N.  WRIGHT. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  313 

ADRIEMA  1681  D.-F.    Halbe,  280  F.  H. ;  Jonge  Stienser,  2356  H.  F.    Butter  9  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  da)  s,  A.R. 

ADRIENNE,  2196  H.     Banjo,  564  H. ;  Abba,  872  H.     Butter  16  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  P. 

ADURINE,  3884  H.    Jaques,  765  H. ;  Mobuta,  1135  H.    Butter  13  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 

ADVENTURESS  3D,  6452  H.  F.    De  Brave  Hendrik,  230  H.  F.;  Adventuress  6152  H.     Milk  53  Ibs.  8  oz. 

1  day,  7240  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AEGIS,  1587  D.-F.    Rip  Van  Winkle,  5-33  P.  R.;  Agoo,  1585  P.  R.    Milk  82  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  16,823  Ibs. 

10  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  25  Ibs.  13  1-4  oz.  7  days,  100  Ibs.  6  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 
AEGIS  2o,  235  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H.;  Aegis  69  H.    Milk  79  Ibs.  1  day,   17,867  Ibs.   9  oz.  1  year,  P. 

Butter  23  Ibs.  7  1-2  oz.  7  days,  96  Ibs.  514  oz.  A.R. 
AEGIS  2o's  NETHERLAND,  3726  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Aegis  2d,  235  H.    Milk  5014  Ibs. 

10  oz.  6  months  27  days,  P.    Butter  10  Ibs.  13  oz.,  A.R. 

AEGIS  3o,  563  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H. ;  Juniata,  154  H.     Milk  35  Ibs.  6  oz,  1  day,  P. 
AEGIS  4TH,  1276  H.    Beaconsfield,  401  H. ;  Aegis  2d,  235  H.     Milk  10,318  Ibs.  1  year,  A.R. 
AEGIS  6TH,  2088  H.     Neptune,  711  H.;  Aegis  2d,  235  H.     Milk  44  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  10,556  Ibs.  2  oz.  1 

year,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AEGIS  9TH,  3014  H.    Neptune,  711  H.;  Aegis,  69  H.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  12,098  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  year, 

P.    Butter  10  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
AEGIS  IOTH,  4941  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Aegis,  69  H.    Milk  10,216  Ibs.  11  oz.   10  months, 

A.R..    Butter  21  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
AELODIA,  4016  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

AELODIA  SD,  235  H.  F.    Duke  of  Niagara,  2030  H. ;  Aelodia,  4016  H     Milk  51  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
AFKA  DE  VRIES,  5558  H.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  12,837  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P. 
AFKE,  156  D.-F.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
APKE  LEE,  5714  H.    Imp.    Butter  16  Ibs.  14  1-2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
APRA,  2854  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  91  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

AFRA  BRANTJES,  6012  H.     Bouwke,  100  Neth. ;  Cato,  475  Neth.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AFRICAN  MAID,  6900  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,155  His.  15  oz.  1  year,  P. 

AFTON,  13516  H.  F.     Nannette's  Ondit,  839  H.  F.;  Wavelet,  3369  H.    Milk  966  Ibs.  5  o/.  30  days,  P. 
AGATHA,  2025  H.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AGATE,  236  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,528  Ibs.  6  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
AGATHA,  1612  D.-F.    Rembrandt,  172  F.  H. ;  Jet ske,  2035  F.  H.    Milk  90  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter 

18  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 

AGAWAN,  1491  D.-F. ;  De  Nette,  289  F.  H. ;  Jantje  1455  F.  H.     Butter  10  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
AGIE  ABBEKERK,  9591  H.    Abbekerk,  206  Neth.    Imp.     Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  730  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 
AGILITY,  1856  H.    Imp.    Milk  5618  Ibs  13  oz.  8  months  20  days,  P. 
AGILITY  2o,  2664  H.    Imp     Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  1468  Ibs.  15  oz.  30  days,  P. 
AGNES  DE  KOL,  20200  H.  F.    De  Kol  2d's  Prince,  2767  H.  F. ;  Boonstra  5th,  2419  H.  F.     Butter  19  Ibs. 

5  oz.  7  days,  133  Ibs.  4  oz.  60  days.  A.R. 
AGNES  DE  KOL'S  ELLEN,  30228  H.  F.    Pietertje  2d's  Koningen,   10625  H.   F.;  Agnes  De  Kol,  2020 

H.  F.    Milk  312  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R.     Butter  13  Ibs.  .675  oz.  7  days,  A.  R. 
AGNETA,  1417  H.  F.     Cossack,  2008  H.;  Amulet,  3421  H.    Milk  9113  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year  A.R. 
AGNITA,  990  H.  F.     Prins,  124  Neth.;  Maartje,  3269  Neth.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1   day,   P.     Butter  14  Ibs.   7 

days,  P. 

AGOSTINA,  501  H.    Imp.    Milk  58  Ibs  1  day,  11,387  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
AGRIPPINA,  7201  H.    Imp.    9370  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  year,  P. 

AGKJE  2o,  2580  H.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  1472  Ibs.  15  oz.  30  days,  P.  Butter  14  Ibs.  7  o/.  7  days,  P 
ALAMEDA,  8717  H.    Friesland  Prince,  1597  H.;  Clara  Vaughn,  2686  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ALBANI,  592  D.-F.    Friesian  Bull,  Van  Scheltinga  3d,  37'0  P.  R.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,   7720  Ibs.   4    oz 

328  days,  P. 

ALBARDA,  1175  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1217  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P. 
ALBERTA,  74  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
ALBERTA  ABBEKERK.  9579  H.    Abbekerk,  206  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  2304  Ibs.  5  oz.   ] 

month,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  24  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
ALBERTA  ABBEKERK  2o,  12702  H.   F.    Sir  Mechthilde,  2224  H.    F.;   Alberta  Abbekerk,    9579   H. 

Milk  64  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  1822  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P.     Butter  24  Ibs.  7  clays. 
ALBERTA  ABBEKERK  3o,  1(5405  H.  F.     Colantha's  Sir  Henry,  3733  H.  F.;  Alberta  Abbekerk,  9579   H. 

Butter  18  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 

ALBERTI  NIKO,  9612  H.     Nico,  207  Neth.    Imp.     Milk  61  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  clay,  7154  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  P. 
ALBERTJE,  2923  H.     Imp.    Milk  86  ibs.  1  day,  P.     Butter  19  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  clays,  P. 
ALBINO,  2654  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  P.;  13,701  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  A.R.     Butter  17  Ibs    13 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ALBINO  2o,  3500  H.    Imp.     Milk  65  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  18,484  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  A.R.     Butter  25  Ibs. 

14  1-4  oz.  7  days,  106  Ibs.  14  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 
ALDA,  5305  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ALDINE,  2643  H.     Peter,  103  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  14,683  Ibs.   6  oz.    1  year,   P.;   12,950  Ibs.    10  oz.   10 

months,  A.R. 

ALENA,  2644  H.     De  Valk,  160  Neth.;  De  Goede,  606  Neth.     Milk  9173  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
ALENA  2o,  3898  H.  F.     Viking,  2062  H. ;  Alena,  2644  H.     Milk  52  Ibs.  8oz.  1  day,  P. 
ALEPH,  8724  H.     Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Hernstine,  2871  H.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ALETJE,  17209  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ALEXANDER'S  QUEEN,  6998  H.    Alexander,  83  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  11,295  Ibs.  4  oz. 

1  year,  P.     Butter  15  Ibs.  4  oz. 
ALEXANDER'S  QUEEN  2o,  1582  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  2d  of  Aaggie,  1451  H.;  Alexander's  Queen,  6998  H. 

Milk  8782  Ibs.  10  oz.  10  months,  A.  R.     Butter  20  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
ALEXANDRA,  9270  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ALEXANDRINA,  9284  H.    Imp.    Milk  87  Ibs.  1  day,  P.     Butter  79  Ibs.  6  oz.  28  days,  P. 
ALEXINA,  9577  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day.  10,032  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  P. 
ALGINA  BELLE,  8694  H.  F.    Prins  Midlum,  2439  H. ;  Lina  Alberdina,  4106  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  49-J 

Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

ALICA  D,  721  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ALICE  D  2o,  5745  H.  F.    Parole,  391  H.  F. ;  Alice  D,  731  H.  F.     Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  400  Ibs.    6  oz. 

7  days,  A.  R.    Butter  19  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
ALICE  D  3D,  14004  H.  F.     Duke  of  Fair  Haven,  4650  H.  F. ;  Alice  D,  731  H.  F.     Butter  12  Ibs.  4  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

ALICE  OF  PACIFIC,  621  H.  F.     Imp.    Milk  11,461  Ibs.  3  oz.  297  days,  A.R. 
ALIDA,  238  H.    Imp.    Milk  83  Ibs.  4  oz. 

20 


J.   H.   D.  WHITCOMB. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  315 

ALIDA  JONGENS,  6443  H.    Imp.     Milk  46  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1200  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

ALISON,  5086  H.    Imp.    Milk  78  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ALISON  2o,  17060  H.  F.    Mahomet,  289  H. ;  Alison,  5086  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ALKO  HAMMING,  2028  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ALLETA  TWISK,  742  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ALLIE,  5963  H.    Baron,  21&3  H. ;  Dora  Bleeker  2d,  5601  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ALLIKY,  2357  H.    Stentor,  346  H. ;  Valeria,  896  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ALLIQUIPPA,  8506  H.    Uranus  of  Shadeland,  2575  H.;  Shadeland  Alma,  4911  H.    Milk  63  Ibs.  8  oz. 

1  day,  8445  Ibs.  14  oz.  8  months,  P. 

ALMA,  1418  D.-F.    De  Watergus,  220  R.  R. :  Lady  Potsma,  631  P.  R.    Milk  9506  Ibs.  283  days,  P. 
ALMA  DAWN,  5339  H.  F.    Netherland  Convoy,  2934  H. ;  Cassendena,  7269  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.    10  oz.    1 

day,  1699  Ibs.  2  oz.  30  days,  A.  R.    Butter  18  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  51  Ibs.  4  oz.  21  days,  A.R. 
ALMEE,  9605  H.    Imp.    Milk  85  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  760  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  810  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
ALMET  OF  LYNWOOD,  6778  H.    Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  P. 
ALMINA,  699- H.    Hector,  107  H. ;    Alma,  76  H.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ALPHEA  3o,  2707  H.  F.     Consolation,  2661  H. ;  Alphea,  1158  H.     Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ALPHEOLIA,  4014  H.    De  Valk,  160  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  2101  Ibs.  31  days,  A.R.    Butter  19  Ibs.  8  oz.  7 

days,  36  Ibs.  2  oz.  14  days,  P. 
ALSIE,  1631  H.    Imp.    Butter  15  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

ALTONA,  2  H.    Imp.    Butter  17  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  35  Ibs.  3  oz.  14  days.  P. 

ALTONE,  6599  H.    Imp.    Milk  8245  Ibs.  6  oz.  10  months  20  days,  P.     Butter  12  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ALTHEA  PROMOTER,  1738  H.  F.    Promoter,  1518  H. ;  Arrumer,  5768  H.    Milk  1650  Ibs.  7  oz.  30  days,  P. 
ALWINA,  6508  H.  F.    First  Duke  of  Oneida,  189  D.-F.    Maid  of  Osterend,  625  D.-F.    Milk  38  Ibs.   1 

day,  P. 

ALYDA  NEKO,  8074  H.    Imp.    Butter  19  Ibs.  2  1-2  oz.  7  days,  A.  R. 

AMAGANSETT,  8254  H.  F.    David,  492  F.  H  ;  Boutbles,  1655  Neth.    Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AMANDA  GROYNEDD,  1669  H.    Aagoo,  270  H. ;  Talma,  523  H.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  1516  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
AMARANTH,  4332  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

AMARILLA,  9189  H.    Imp.    Milk  92  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  10,053  Ibs.  12 oz.  7  months  0  clnys,  A.R. 
AMARILLA'S  KONINGEN,  11948  H.  F.    Furness,  4270  H.;  Amarilla,  9189  H.    Milk  22  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AMARYLLIS,  5316  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  10,444  Ibs.  4  oz.,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AMARYLLIS  2o,  6435  H.  F.    De  Brave  Hendrik,  230  H.  F.;  Amaryllis,  5316  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.  4  oz.   1 

day,  P. 

AMAZON,  1833  H.    Imp.    Butter  9  Ibs.  5  1-2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AMBRA,  487  H.    Imp.    Milk  86  Ibs.  1  day,  5279  Ibs.  12  oz.  212  days,  P. 
AMBRONETTA,  6851  H     Napoleon,  129  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  13,540  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  15 

1-2  oz.  7  days.  A.R. 
AMEINON.  1611  D.-F.    Otto  Von  Bismarck,  227  F.;  Jannigje.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P,    Butter  11  Ibs.  7 

oz.  7  days,  P. 

AMELANDER,  6523  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  14  oz.  7 days,  A.R. 
AMELANDER'S  MERCEDES,  640  H.  F.     Mercedes  Prince,  2150  H. ;  Amelander,  65213  H.    Milk  39  Ibs. 

8  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  377  Ibs.  7  oz.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  17  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
AMELIA.  1076  H.    Aurora,  180  H. ;  Antjeal,  517  H.    Milk  11,947  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
AMERICA,  8683  H.    Imp.    Milk  97  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  17,685  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  21  Ibs.  10 oz. 

7  days,  A.R. 
AMERICA  2o,  10509  H.  F.    Prince  of  Wayne  5th,  19  Lo  H.;  America,  8683  H.    Milk  54  Ibs.  2  oz.   1 

day,  8501  Ibs.  8  oz.  8  months  15  days,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
AMERICA  GRANT,  13749  H.  F.    America's  Champion,  4056  H.  F.;  Nellie  Grant  4th,   6624  H.    Milk  42 

Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  10,241  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  P. 
AMERICANA  B,  16358  H.  F.    Promoter,  1518  H. ;  Americana,  8448  H.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,   1349  Ibs.  4 

oz.  30  days,  P.  . 

AMERICAN  GIRL,  902  H.    Imp.    Milk  36  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  15,001  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
AMERIQUITA,  5532  H.    Kurt.  120  H. ;  Camilla,  102  H.     Milk  956  Ibs.  1  month,  P. 
AMETHYST,  1802  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  12,000  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
AMI,  7762  H.     Willem,  82  Neth. ;  Aaltje,  711  Neth.     Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AMIE,  1075  H.    Keike,  266  H. ;  Agostina,  501  H.    Milk  91  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  P. 
AMINIA,  9274  H.    Imp.     Milk  40  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day. 

AMLETO,  8a51  H.    Imp.    Milk  79  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  1955  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
AMOUR,  2646  H.    De  Valk,  160  H.;  Hiltje,  610  Neth.    Milk  70  Ibs.   1  day,  P.     Butter  1072  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 

AMRI,  8597  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  9785  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  P. 
AMSTERDAM  DOETJE,  10550  H.    De  Jouster  Stier,  102  F.;  Doetje,  800  F.     Milk  62  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  P.; 

623  Ibs.  5  oz.  10  days,  A.R.     Butter  23  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

AMY  ROBSART,  1293  H.    Imp.    Milk  35  Ibs.  1  day,  8340  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months  28  days,  P. 
ANAH,  9275  H.    Imp.     Milk  51  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  547  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  days.  P. 
ANCIE,  1568  H.    lagoo,  270  H. ;  Tinaj,  512  H.     Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ANCY,  9134,  H.    Imp.    Milk  49  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  11,928  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  8  1-2  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 

ANGELINA,  18S8  H.    Dirk  Hatterick,  219  H. ;  Agate,  236  H.    Milk  9902  Ibs.  2  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
ANNA,  81  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  1  day,  15,481  Ibs.  11  months,  P. 
ANNA  2D,  473  D.-F.     Nijdam,  70  F. ;  Anna,  535  F.     Butter  14  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ANNA  A,  5723  H.     Imp.     Milk  125  Ibs.  14  oz.  10  days,  1181  Ibs.  1  oz.  30  days,  A  R. 
ANNA  B  2o,  12058  H.  F.     Bob.  Belcher,  83  H.  F. ;  Anna  B,  3943  H.     Butter  7915  Ibs.  6  months,  P. 
ANNA  BATTELS,  2471  H.    Sligo,  621  H.;  Lady  Battels,  1064  H.    Milk  91  Ibs.  1  day,  891  Ibs.  10  days, 

P.     Butter  26  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ANNA  BATTEL'S  AAGGIE,  7735  H.  F.    Sir  Newton  of  Aaggie,  1858  H  ;  Anna  Battels,  2471  H.    Milk  69 

Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  679  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R     Butter  21  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ANNA  BEKTS,  2680  H.  F.    Midnight,  125  D.-F. ;  Dora  Beets  2d,  265  D.-F.     Milk  68  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. : 

459  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  21  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ANNA  BOELYN  OF  SEASIDE,  3534  H.  F.     Hulda's  Empire,  3449  H. ;  Arminda,  2658  H.    Milk  43  Ibs.    1 

day,  P. 

ANNA  DEWDROP,  5407  H.    Imp.    Milk  7249  Ibs.  8  months  2  days,  P. 
ANNA  EGMOND,  6454  H.    Imp.     Milk  66  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  2709  Ibs.  4  1-2  oz.  49  days,  P. 
ANNA  HILL,  1183  H.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ANNA  PRESTO,  3820  H.  F.    Presto,  380  Neth  :  Anna,  5123  Neth.     Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ANNA  SCHOUTEN  3D,  4235  H.    Imp.    Milk  36  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day. 


T.  G.'YEOMANS. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  317 

ANNE,  1644  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

ANNEKE  4TH,  551  D.-F.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day 

ANNELE,  53364  H.    Arnold,  274  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  522  Ibs.  2  oz.  10  days,  13,642  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 

ANNEi,E'stMERCEDES,0lZdl57  £*'  Mercedes  Prince,  2150  H. ;  Annele,  5336  H.    Milk  312  Ibs.  8  oz.   10 

days,  A.R.    Butter  12  Ibs.  3  1-2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ANNELIDA,  1678  D.  F.    De  Nette,  324  F.;  Bruinsma,  1007  F.    Milk  7533  Ibs.   12  oz.  8  months  1  day, 

A.R.    Butter  9  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

ANNESS,  2237  H.  F.    Prince  Opperdoes  8th,  847  H. ;  Alice  C,  3066  H.    Milk  36  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ANNETTE,  957  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  7170  Ibs.  10  months  5  days.  P. 
ANNIE,  242  H.    Holland  Prince,  113  H.;  Jufron,  153  H.    Milk  9018  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P. 
ANNIE  DARLING,  243  H.    Holland  Prince,  113  H.;  Jufron,   153  H.    Milk  10,210  Ibs.  9  months  1< 

ANNIE  ELSWOUT,  78  H.    Elswout  Prince  95  H. ;  Gentle  Anni«,  135  H.    Milk  9021  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  P. 

ANNIE  LOURIE,  2752  H.    Imp.    Milk  1827  Ibs.  7  oz.  61  days,  P. 

ANNIE  VAN  KAMPEN,  740  H.  F.    Hoogscarpel  I,  362  Neth. ;  Maartje,  4150  Neth.    Milk  52  Ibs.  5  oz.  P. 

Butter  16  Ibs.  10  1-4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ANNIE  WOOD,  244  H.    Imp.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ANTHEM,  2653  H.    Imp.    Milk  9146  Ibs.  12  oz.  11  1-2  months,  P. 

ANTIGUA,  8425  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  1  day,  793  Ibs.  10  days,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ANTIQUE,  2648  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  1976  Ibs.  5  oz.  2  months,  P. 
ANTJE,  233  H.  F.    Slot,  Pluisker.    Milk  83  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ANTJE  2o,  3460  F.  H.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

ANTJE  A,  5719  H.    Ruurd,  241  F.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  19,487  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  A.  R.    But- 
ter 16  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

ANTJEAL,  517  H.    Imp.    Milk  11, 387  Ibs  9  months  27  days,  A.R. 
ANTJE  ALMA,  5857  H.    Imp.    Milk  86  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ANTJE  VRIEND,  3990  H.    Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  28  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  day,  P. 
ANTONION  BEETS,  6420  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 
ANTOINETTE,  9276  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  1668  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
ANTONE,  2512  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  1  Ib.  9  oz.  1  day,  P. 
ANT  POEL,  6039  H.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  13,317  Ibs.  10  oz.  10  months  18  days,  A.R.    Butter 

14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ANTRIM  2o,  246  H.    Fifth  Prince  of  Orange,  243  H. ;  Lady  Antrim,  352  H.    Milk  53  Ibs.  8  oz.  1   day, 

7593  Ibs.  12  oz.  325  days,  P. 

ANVILINA,  5190  H.  F.    Empyrean,  1006  H.;  Amulet,  3421  H.    Milk  60 Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ANZE,  6186  H.  F.     Bonny  Burly,  4252  H.;  Orpha,  9004  H.    Milk  7503  Ibs.  8  mouths  17  days,  A.R. 
APHRODITE  2D,  2662  H.    Imp.    Milk  39  Ibs.  1  day. 
APPY,  1761  Neth.    Imp.    82  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

AOUILA,  6937  H.    Eillem  3d,  190  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  3343  Ibs.  9  oz.  4  months  25  days,  P. 
ARAMINTA,  4331  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1221  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
ARANZA,  6274  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ARATONIE,  6412  H.  F.     No  No,  4076  H.;   Arnazura,  4887  II.    Milk  36  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 
ARBUTUS,  2387  H.    General  Arthur,  720  H. ;  Netherland  Beauty,  968  H.    Milk  12,000  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
ARDELIA,  13519  H.  F.     Nannette's  Ondit,  839  H.  F. ;  Namur,  7173  H.    Milk  944  Ibs.  7  oz.  30  days,  P. 
ARDELLE,  5388  H.    Imp.     Milk  49  Ibs.  1  day.  8961  Ibs.  2  oz.  8  months  7  days,  P. 
ARGYREA  So,  6696  H.  F.     Herder,  2331  H.;  Argyrea,  927?  H.    Milk  3774  Ibs.  7  oz.  4  months  9  days, 

P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  5  1-4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ARISTA,  1614  D.-F.    Imp.    Milk  438  Ibs.  6  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
ARMEDA,  8162  H.    Imp.     Milk  8915  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
ARMIDA,  1236  H.    Imp.   Butter  10  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ARMINDA,  2658  H.    Imp.    Milk  69  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

ARNY,  1480  D.-F.    Jonker,  210  F. ;  Afke,  2519  F.    Butter  10  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ARNY  JACOBA  HARTOG,  2800  H.   F.    Mooie   U.  Twisk,  251   D.-F.;  Jacoba  Hartog  5th,  219   D.-F. 

Milk  53  Ibs.  8  oz    1  day,  237  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P.     Butter  13  Ibs.  7  clays,  P. 
AROOSTOOK,  7314  H.    Imp.    Milk  1500  Ibs.  30  day,  P. 
ARRUMER,  5768  H.    Imp.    Milk  91  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  4  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ARSENIA,  7445  H.    Imp*    Milk  67  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. 
ARSENIA  2o,  2831  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  of  Maplewood,  2933  H.;  Atsenia,  7445  H.    Milk  58  Ibs.  3  oz.   1 

day.    Butter  21  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

ARTESIA,  2657  H.    Imp.    Milk  8945  Ibs.  1  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

AHTESIA  2o,  2665  H.    Imp.    Milk  15,320  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ARTis1  ADIANTUM,  6912  H.    Artis,  127  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  12,622  Ibs.  8  oz.  1   year, 

A.R.    Butter  14  Ibs.  4  3-4  oz.  7  days,  P. 

ARTis1  CARISA,  7798  H.    Imp.    Milk  21,9:34  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 
ARTis1  EDMONIA,  7805  H.    Imp.    Milk  47  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  11,552  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  7 

days,  P. 
ARTIS' EDMONIA  2o,  2903  H.  F.    Neptune,  711  H.;  Artis1  Edmonia,  7805  H.     Milk  5965  Ibs.  6  oz.  8 

months  4  days,  P.    Butter  10  Ibs.  6  1-2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ARTis1  EVA,  9892  H.    Artis,  127  Neth.    Milk  53  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  clay,  7879  Ibs.  9  oz.  6  months  27  days,   P. 

Butter  16  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ARTIS  EVA'S  NETHERLAND,  7005  H.  F.    Netherland  Statesman,  3280  H. ;  Artis  Eva,  9892  H.    Milk  64 

Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  10,178  Ibs.  10  months,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  8  oz    1  day,  P.;  18  Ibs.   10  oz.  7  days, 

ARTis1  HELEN,  9996 H.    Artis,  127  Neth.    Milk  52  Ibs.  14 oz.  1  day,  P.;  16,105  Ibs.  10  oz.   1  year,  P. 

Butter  17  23-32  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
ARTIS  HENGEVELD,  6079  H.    Artis,  127  H.;  Klasina  Hengevelcl  2cl,  4998  H.    Milk  67  Ibs.  1   day,  1698 

Ibs.  30  days,  P.     Butter  23  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
ARTis1  JACQUETTA,  7003  H.     Artis,  127  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  P.;   12,041   Ibs    15   1-2 

oz.  1  year,  A.R.     Butter  31  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 

ARTis1  KASSIE,  9921  H.    Artis,  127  Neth.    Milk  49  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. 
ARTis1  KATY,  9934  H.    Artis,  127  Neth. ;  Kaatje,  1139  Neth.     Milk  42  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,   12,423  Ibs.    1 

year,  P.     Butter  16  Ibs.  8  1-2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ARTIS  MARTHA,  9901  H.    Artis,  127  Neth. ;  Marijtje,  570  Neth.     Butter  18  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 

1  ROLLORA,  7000  H.    Artis,  127  Neth.   Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  clay,  11,907  Ibs.  3  oz.  10  months, 

P.    Butter  22  Ibs.  lOoz.,  P. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  319 

ARTIS  ROSA,  4684  H.  F.    Prince  of  Artis,  2479  H. ;  Aaggie  Rosa  4th,  3485  H.    Milk  6829  Ibs.   1  oz.  9 

months,  16  days,  P. 
Anns'  SURPRISE,  9935  H.    Artis,  127  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P.,  10,260  Ibs.   13  oz.   10 

months,  P. 
ARTIS  VAN  DER  MEER,  3460  H.  F.    Artis,  127  Neth.;  Van  Der  Meer,  2496  Neth.     Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day, 

P. ;  butter  15  Ibs.  4  1-2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ARUNA  HARTOG,  6694  H.    Mooie  Hartog  4th,  418  D.-F.;  Amarilla,  9189H.    Milk  65  Ibs.  4  oz.   1  day, 

P.:  12,510  Ibs.  10  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 

ARVINE,  2507  H.    Imp.    Milk  26  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  1  Ib.  9  oz.  1  day,  P. 
ASPASIA,  6852  H.    De  Graaf ,  166  Neth. :  Trijntje,  1080  Neth.    Milk  14,745  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
ASTELLA,  6087  H.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  9372  Ibs.  9  months  10  days.  P. 
ASTERIA,  5334  H.    Arnold,  274  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ASTORA,  2655  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,850  Ibs.  9  months  4  days,  A.R.    Butter  16  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ASTORA  2D,  2663  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ASTRID,  3032  H.  F.    American  Prince,  1430  H. ;  Primrose,  2205  H.    Butter  20  Ibs.  4  1-2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ASTRID  2o,  11772  H.  F.     Disco,  4098  H  ;  Astrid,  3032  H.  F.    Butter  12  Ibs.  10  1-2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ATALA,  9313  H.  F.    Nannette's  Ondit,  839  H.  F. ;  Sumach,  453  H.    Milk  7334  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  year,  P. 
ATOSSA,  2204  H.    Prince  of  Twisk,  1055  H. ;  Aaf  je  3d,  1522  H.    Milk  57  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  P. 
ATOSSA  2o,  4569  H.  F.    Duplicate,  2326  H. ;  Atossa,  2204  H.    Milk  518  Ibs.  9  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
ATTECA,  3817  H.  F.    Willem  2d,  183  Neth. ;  Aaltje  879  Neth.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  286  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days, 

P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 

Au  BON  MARCHE,  6378  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  1  Ib.  10  oz.  1  day,  P. 
AUBURN  DAISY,  1795  D.-F.    Major  Pell,  53  M.  R.;  Dutch  Girl,  427  P.  R.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AUGUSTA  OF  TIMBER  POINT,  10289  H.    Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
AUGUSTA,  616  H.    Highland  Chief,  18  H. ;  Betti,  .98  H.    Milk  80  Ibs.  4  oz  1  day,  P. 
AUKE,  364  D.-F.    Imp.     Milk  78  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day;  12,689  Ibs.  1  oz.  10  months,  P. 
AULINDA  3D,  5083  H.  F.     Brambo,  3257  H. ;  Aulinda,  2362  H.    Milk  316  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R.     Butter 

16  Ibs.  .64  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

AUNT  POLLY  2o,  3556  H.  F.    Willem  2d,  183  Neth. ;  Aunt  Polly,  941  H.     Milk  43  Ibs.  3  oz.  1   day,  P. 

Butter  10  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 

AURANIA,  3337  H.  F.    Willem  II,  190  Neth. ;  Trijntje,  272  Neth.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AURELIA,  1814  D.-F.    Ykema,  322  P.  R. ;  De  Gravere's  Wopkje,  964  R.  R.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AURORA  FLOYD,  344  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  31  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day.  P. 
AURUNA  HARTOG,  6694  H.  F.    Mooie  Hartog  4tb,  418  D.-F. ;  Amarilla,  9189  H.    Milk  65  Ibs.  4  oz.   1 

day,  12,510  Ibs.  10  oz.  9  months,  P. 

AUTENA,  2003  H.  F.    Willlem  3d,  375  Neth.;  Antje,  3346  H.     Milk  8744  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
AUTOM  MAID,  8712  H.  F.    William  of  Oakwood,  2965  H. :  Octie,  9457  H.     Milk  41  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
AUWENA,  2024  H.  F.    Stumpius,  312  Neth. ;  Annie,  2694  Neth.    Milk  43  Ibs.  9124  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
AVENA,  5962  H.    Empyrean,  1006  H. ;  Angelina,  1898  H.     Milk  10,796  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  P. 
AVENHILL,  2023  H.  F.    De  Prins,  310  Neth. ;  Adeline,  1027  Neth.    Milk  10,817  Ibs.  11  months,  P. 
AVERLO,  2026  H.  F.    De  Valk,  160  Neth.;  Antje,  2009  Neth.    Milk  11,006  Ibs.  11  months  24  days,  P. 
AVOND,  2010  H.  F.    Adam,  270  Neth. ;  Aaltje,  3707  Neth.    Milk  11,575  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
AYDELOTT,  9534  H.    Imp.    Milk  1875  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
AYESHA  PEL,  10964  H.  F.    Commodore  Pel,  349  D.-F.;  Gwendoline  Pel,  1072  D.-F.     Milk   50  Ibs.   1 

day,  P. 

AZALEA,  7453  H.    Imp.    Milk  8323  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 

AZALIA  3D,  3364  H.    Billy  Boelyn,  189  Neth.:  Azalia,  1559  H.     Butter  3  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AZELDA,  1482  D.-F.    Bismarck,  183  F.;  Amelia,  793  F.     Milk  7244  Ibs.  13  oz.  8  months,  1  day,   A.R. 

Butter  9  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
AZELIE,  9278  H.    Imp.     Milk  32  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
AZELLA,  8157  H-    Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. 
AZELO,  2018  H.  F.     Imp.     Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
AZULEAH,  6881  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,025  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  P. 

BABY  BELLE,  4053  H.    Imp.     Milk  50  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day.  2788  Ibs.  15  oz.  62  days,  P. 
BAILLIE.  9753  H.    Venture,  1315.  H. ;  Negress,  5550  H.     Milk  7163  Ibs.  2  oz.  8  months  1  day,  P. 
BAISE,  9752  H.    Venture,  1315  H. :  Caprice,  2679  H.    Butter  21  Ibs.  3  1-2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
BARKER,  47  D.-F.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BAKKER  2o,  215  D.-F.    Aac,  17  M.  R. :  Bakker,  47  D.-F.    Milk  79  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BAKKERDJE  2o,  5004  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  10,358  Ibs.  2  oz.  9  months  21  days,  P.     Butter 

17  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R 

BARKER'S  BEST,  1831  D.-F.    Mooie  Twisk,  85  D.-F. ;  Bakker  2d,  215  D.  F.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BALTINA,  7217  H.    Imp.   Milk  9685  Ibs.  9  months  25  days,  P. 

BANCO,  7587  H.    Imp.    Butter  20  Ibs.  7  3-4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

BANKJE,  983  H.    Imp.    Milk  39  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  5625  Ibs.  8  oz.  6  months  9  days,  P. 

BARBARA,  1167  H.    Tegus,  373  H. ;  Cora,  271  H.    Milk  73  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P. 

BARBARA  OP  TIMBER  POINT,  1369  H.  F.;  De  Brave  Hendrik,  230  H.  F.    Imp.     Milk  52  Ibs.  1  dav,  P. 

BARNA,  12039  H.  F.    Jan,  686  F.    Van  der  Lei,  4496  F.     Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  503  Ibs.  10  days,~A.R. 

BARONESS  S,  5098  H.    Milk  79  Ibs.  1  day,  565  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 

BASHFUL,  10154  H.  Imp.  Milk  40  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  9682  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P.  Butter  8  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 

BATJE,  2030  H.    Wartena,  16  Neth. ;  Boukje,  94  Neth.    Milk  81  Ibs.  1  day,  P.     Butter  18  Ibs.   3  oz. 

7  days,  P. 

BAUKJE,  2670  F.  H.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BEATITUDE,  7972  H.    Prince  Imperial,  1164  H. ;  Bridesmaid,  2676  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  2129  Ibs.   14 

oz.  2  months,  P. 

BEATRICE,  247  H.    Von  Bismarck,  169  H. ;  Princess  Alexandra,  204  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BEATRICE  OF  SHADELAND,  2418  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,963  Ibs.  4  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 
BEAUTY,  91  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  11.313  Ibs.  8oz.  1  year,  P. 
BEAUTY  BLOSSOM,  16141  H.  F.    Wacabuc,  3163  H.  F.;  Bertie's  Beauty,  11942  H.  F.    Milk  7404  Ibs.  1 

year,  P. 
BEAUTY  NETHERLAND,  1755  H.  F.    Netherland  Duke,  1571  H.;  Antje  Loan,  4237  H.    Milk  2176  Ibs. 

30  days,  A.R. 
BEAUTY  OF  HAMILTON  2o,  5212  H.  F.    Hamilton,  686  D.-F.;  Beauty  of  Hamilton,  1908  D -F     Milk 

7546  Ibs.  11  oz.  9  months  10  days,  A.R. 

BEAUTY  OF  NINON,  4541  H.    Imp.     Milk  28  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day,  5360  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  months  13  days,  P. 
BEAUTY  OF  PINE  GROVE,  4932  H.  F.    Netherland  Monarch  2d,  1120  H.  F. ;  Senorita,  2193  H.    Milk 

36  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  321 

BEETGUMER  2o,  565  H.  F.    Delaware  Mooie,  233  D.-F.;  Beetgumer,  608  D.-F.    Milk  1150  Ibs.  30  days, 

A.R. 

BEETS,  1588  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BEETSJE,  8103  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
BEL, 9272  H.  F.    First  Duke  of  Oneida,  189  D.-F. ;  Sijbrandij,  659  D.-F.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,   1501   Ibs. 

30  days,  P. 
BELANGA,  6659  H.  F.    Aaggie  Idaline  4th's  Roland,  4365  H. ;  Jacob  Wit's  Bernie,  7790  H.    Milk 

3642  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  months  6  days,  P. 
BELASCA,  9573  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 
BELLE,  95  H.    Imp.    Milk  9931  Ibs.  12  oz.  323  days,  P. 
BELLE  ALEXANDER,  4408  H.    Imp.    Milk  46  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  11,318  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter 

16  Ibs.  9  1-2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
BELLE  ARTIS,  4520  H.    Artis,  127  Neth. ;  Doortje,  598  Neth.    Milk  43  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  7850  Ibs.  15  oz. 

8  months,  5  days,  P. 
BELLE  BARNUM,  2422  H.  F.    Forster,  2771  H.;  Lady  Barnurn,  6281  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.   1  day,    P. 

Butter  17  Ibs.  15  3-4  oz.  A.R. 

BELLE  BOYD,  4565  H.    Imp.    Milk  73  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  10,143  Ibs.  7  oz.,  P. 
BELLE  CLAY,  1052  H.    First  Consul,  100  H. ;  Maud  Clay,  390  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BELLE  DOUGLAS,  1108  H.    Lord  Clifden,  572  H. ;  Lady  Douglas,  1048  H.    Milk  74  Ibs.  1  day,  15,566 

Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
BELLE  HERBERT,  9639  H.  F.    Don  Quixote,  1324  H.;  Maquoketa  Belle,  1164  H.    Butter  11  Ibs.  14  oz. 

7  days,  P. 
BELLE  MARGO  2o,  4846  H.    Tenth  Lord  of  Texelaar,  160  H.;  Belle  Margo,  1116  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.   1 

day,  P. 

BELLE  OP  ASHLEY,  2373  H.    Wouter,  460  H. ;  Hendrina  2d,  1558  H.    Milk  47  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BELLE  OP  LAKEVIEW,  252  H.    Dictator,  82  H. ;  Lady  Andover,  16  H.    Milk  73  Ibs.  1  day,  12,444  Ibs. 

7  months  16  days,  P. 
BELLE  OP  LAKEVIEW  3o,  1161  H.    Fifth  Prince  of  Orange,  243  H.;  Belle  of  Lakeview,  252  H.    Milk 

68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BELLE  OP  OPPERDOES,  1232  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  8616  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
BELLE  OP  OPPERDOES  3o,  2438  H.  F.    Clarion,  870  H. ;  Belle  of  Opperdoes,  1232  H.    Milk  7280  Ibs. 

10  months,  P. 
BELLE  OP  OPPERDOES  3o  A,  9128  H.  F.    Mooike  2d's  Clarion,   1995  H.   F. ;  Belle  of  Opperdoes  3d, 

2438  H.  F.    Milk  6784  Ibs.  15  months,  P. 
BELLE  OP  OPPERDOES  4TH,  5273  H.  F.    Robert  S,  3210  H. ;  Belle  of  Opperdoes,  1232  H.    Milk  59  Ibs. 

1  day,  9433  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
BELLE  OP  OPPERDOES  5TH,  9125  H.  F.    Hilda's  Empire,  3562  H. ;  Helle  of  Opperdoes,  1232  H.    Milk 

51  Ibs.  1  day,  7238  Ibs.  11  months,  P. 
BELLE  OP  OPPERDOES  6TH,  14245  H.   F.    Copia's  Empire,   3559  H.;  Belle  of  Opperdoes,  1232  H. 

Milk  36  Ibs  1  day,  P. 
BELLE  OP  ORCHARDSIDE,  235  D.-F.    Mooie,  26  M.  R.;    Siepkje,   120  M.   R.    Milk  1037  Ibs.  4  oz.   1 

month,  P. 
BELLE  OP  ORCHARDSIDE  2o.  6256  H.  F.    Rothmore,  326  D.-F.;  Belle  of  Orchardside,  235  D.-F.    Milk 

54  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  8203  Ibs.  8  oz.  200  days,  P. 
BELLE  OP  OXFORD,  464  H.  F.    Sterling,  315  D.-F. ;  Jassma  Goudgeld,  42  D.-F.    Milk  10.001   Ibs.   10 

months,  A.R. 

BELLE  OP  PACIFIC,  627  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  9876  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 
BELLE  OP  RIVERVIEW,  6197  H.  F.    Commodore  Preble,  3191  H.;  Slyra  of  Shadeland,  9160  H.    Milk 

33  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  895  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
BELLE  OP  THE  VALE,  9662  H.    Alexander  2d,  171  Neth.;  Trijntje,  577  Neth.    Milk  8975  Ibs.  1  oz.  1 

year,  A.R.    Butter  19  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

BELLE  OF  VERONA,  8216  H.  F.    Neptune  Fairview,  3886  H. ;  Mantel  2d,  2146  H.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BELLE  OP  WOODSIDE,  1676  D.  F.    Ykema,  323  P.  R. ;  Tiet  Kaastra,  982  P.  R     Milk  106  Ibs.  12  oz.  1 

day,  P.    Butter  4  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BELLE  PALSIPER,  166  H.  F.    Harold  of  Shadeland,  1499  H.;  Kuiffer  2d,  2486  H.    Butter  10  Ibs.  7 

days,  P. 
BELLE  RIJANETA  HERBERT,  13630  H.  F.    Rijaneta's  Don,  3507  H.;  Maquoketa  Girl,  1164  H.    Butter 

17  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 

BELLE  SARCASTIC,  23039  H.  F.    Sarcastic,  4729  H.  F.;  Belvisia  2d,  4553  H.  F.    Milk  789  Ibs.  .99  oz.  10 
days,  18,142  Ibs.  .4  oz.  10  months,  A.R.      Butter  20  Ibs.  .73  oz.  7  days,  679  Ibs.  .88  oz.  10  months, 
A.R. 
BELLE  SETSKE,  185  H.  F.    Cesar,  3189  H.;   Setske  W,  6578  H.    Milk  110  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  38  Ibs. 

7  oz.  7  days,  P. 
BELLE  TOLSMA,  584  H.  F.    Netherland  Knight,  1852  H.;  Aaltje  Tolsma  5th,  4689  H.    Milk  30  Ibs.  1 

day,  P. 

BELLE  VIKING,  2429  H.  F.    Viking,  2062  H. ;   Fanchon,  1879  H.     Milk  8773  Ibs.  12  oz.  8  months.  A.R. 
BELLE  WINKLE,  1150  D.  F.    Wouter,  30  Neth.;  Cato,  236  Neth.    Milk  65  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  10,000  Ibs. 

200  days,  P. 
BELLE  WITTOP,  1277  H.  F.    Don  Quixote,  1324  H.;  Maquoketa  Belle,  1164  H.    Milk  37  Ibs.  12  oz.  1 

day,  252  Ibs.  7  days,  P.     Butter  13  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

BELLE  PENTAUR,  20361  H.  F.    Pentaur,  3849  H  ;  Bell  W.,  6676  H.  F.     Milk  8212  Ibs  8  months  3  days,  P. 
BELL  WINKLE,  919  H.     Imp.     Milk  69  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 

BELL  WINKLE  4TH,  2066  H.    Piet  Heim.  316  H. ;  Bell  Winkle,  919  H.    Milk  34  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BELL  WINKLE  5TH,  3929  H.     Prince  of  Fairview,  1138  H.;  Bell  Winkle  3d,  2065  H.     Milk  61  Ibs.  9  oz. 

1  day,  P. 

BELSUMER,  2915  F.  H.    Imp.     Milk  59  tbs.  1  day,  P. 

BENNETI,  9015  F.  H.     Billy  Draper,  479  D.  F. ;   Pierkje  4th,  1915  D.  F.     Butter  17  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
BENOLA  FLETCHER,  6891  H.    Alexander  2d.  1552  H.;  Bakker,  1266  Neth.    Milk  13,159  Ibs.  4 oz.  1  year, 

A.  R.    Butter  22  Ibs.  4U'  oz.  7  days,  P. 
BENOLA  FLETCHER  2D,  9817  H.    Prince  Imperial,  1164  H. ;  Benola  Fletcher,  6891  H.    Milk  7667  Ibs. 

10  months,  A.R.     Butter  11  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
BEPPO,  8418  H.    Eckke,  681  H.;   Maquoketa  Belle,  1164  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  317  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days, 

P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
BERBER,  111  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BERGHITA,  2494  H.  F.    Duke  of  Vernon,  1399  H. ;  Kate  2d,  3543  H.     Butter  11  Ibs.  17  oz.  7  days,  P. 
BERKHOUT  3o,  2433  H.  F.    Clarion,  870  H. ;  Berkhout,  665  H.    Milk  38  Ibs.  1  day,  7337  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
21 


YUINNE,  No.  8353  H.H.B.;  No.  1535  N.  H.  B. 
Imported.    Milk  record,  91  Ibs.  in  one  day. 


Z01Q,  A  DAUGHTER  OF  PAULi'NE  PAU 


ZOZO,  No.  10,260  H.  H.  B. ;  990  ADVANCED  REGISTRY  . 

Butter  record,  25  Ibs.  10  1-4  oz.  in  seven  days;  104  Ibs.  12  oz.  in  thirty  days.    Milk  record,  83 
Ibs.  2  oz.  in  one  day;  7025  Ibs.  14  oz,  in  three  months  and  fourteen  days. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS. 


BERKSHIRE  BELLE,  530  H.    Berkshire  Boy,  184  H. ;  Gretel,  321  H.    Milk  85  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  18 

Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

BERLIKUMER,  1978  F.  H.    Imp.    Milk  58  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
BERNADINE,  2926  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BERNARDIENTJE,  6364  H.    Imp.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
BERNICO,  8266  H.  F.    Gerrit,  345  F.  H. ;  De  Zwarte,  946  F.  H.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  571  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
BEROE,  5340  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BERTHA  ARTIS,  4526  H.    Artis,  127  Neth. ;  Pietertje,  521  Neth.    Milk  8318  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P. 
BERTHALDA,  6860  H.    Imp     Milk  918  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
BERTHA  OF  SHADELAND  4TH,  10769  H.  F.    Netherland  Monarch,  2570  H. ;   Bertha  of  Shadeland,  2406 

H.    Milk  6794  Ibs.  12  oz.  8  months,  P. 
BERTHA  S,  3970  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BERTHINE,  2358  H.  F.    Pactol,  3497  H. ;  Tinateen.  4724  H.    Milk  36  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
BERTIE  BRANCH,  2486  H.  F.    Wacabuc,  3163  H.  F. ;  Bertie,  1084  H.    Milk  7877  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
BERTIE'S  BUD,  16140  H.  F.    Wacabuc,  3163  H.  F.;  Bertie,  1084  H.    Milk  8102  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
BERTINA,  4402  H,    Imp.    Milk  37  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1039  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
BERTJE,  1729  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  10,950  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
BERYL,  1069  H.    Billy  Boelyn,  189  H. ;  Queeu  Bess,  429  H.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BESERTA  P,  5099  H.    Imp.     Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BESIKA,  2669  H.    Imp.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BESSIBEL,  5387  H.    Imp.     Milk  54  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  11,194  Ibs.  2  oz.  9  months  3  days,  P. 
BESSIE  ALEXANDER,  4413  H.    Alexander,  83  Neth.    Milk  45  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  9250  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
BESSIE  ARTIS,  4522  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  10,635  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  13 

Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
BESSIE  ARTIS  to,  7427  H.  F.    Neptune,  711  H. ;  Bessie  Artis,  4522  H.    Milk  66  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day,  1942 

Ibs.  5  oz.  30  days,  A.R.    Butter  18  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

BESSIE  B,  1195  H.    Imp.    Valeria,  896  H.    Milk  59  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  9283  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months  12  days,  P. 
BESSIE  BELLE,  4084  H.  F.    Netherland  Monarch  2d,  1128  H.  F. ;  Marion  3d,  6692  H.    Milk  54  Ibs.  13  oz. 

1  day,  11,194  Ibs.  2  oz.  9  months  3  days,  P. 

BESSIE  BLACK,  7199  H.  F.     Nimbus  2d,  2381  H. ;  De  Boerin,  5311  H.     Butter  15  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
BESSIE  BLEEKER,  692  D.  F.    Theo,  70  M.  R.;  Cjietje  Bleeker  4th,  167  M.  R.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BESSIE  HARTOG,  10361  H.  F.    Mooie  Hartog  4th,  418  D.  F. ;  Inara,  9428  H.    Milk  63  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P . 

Butter  19  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 

BESSIE  I,  1686  H.    Stentor,  346  H. ;  Rosabel,  893  H.    Milk  59  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  6564  Ibs.  6  oz.  6  months,  P. 
BESSIE  L  2o  OP  UPLANDS,  9804  H.    Lord  Bantam,  1011  H. ;  Bessie  1, 1686  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  l  day,  P. 
BESSIE  KIZERIN,  8696  H.  F.    Van  Kon  Friesland,  1949  H.  F. ;  Kizerin  2d,  £488  H.    Butter  15  Ibs.  2 1a'  oz. 

7  days,  A.R. 
BESSIE  LOEMAN,  11717  H.  F.    Oakland  Chief,  3259  H. ;  Bientje  3d.  1654  H.    Milk  34  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day, 

493  Ibs.  13  oz.  15  days,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 

BESSIE  LYLE,  4538  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  1753  Ibs.  4  oz.  30  days,  P. 
BESSIE  PH,  5754  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BETH  CORNWALL,  1005  H.  F.    Lord  of  Cornwall,  3429  H. ;  Steady  Dame,  7255  H.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day  P. 
BETH  R,  4473  H.  F.    Graaf  Adolf,  293  Neth. ;  Susanna,  6123  Neth.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BETJE,  730  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  P. 

BETSEY  PRIG.  964  H.    Opperdoes  4th,  29  H. ;  Eleetra,  286  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  14,000  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
BETSEY  J,  3344  H.    Imp.     Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BETSY  PERK,  975  H.  F.    Bouwke  2d,  262  Neth. ;  Friesin  2d,  2927  Neth.    Milk  49  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter 

9  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 

BETSY  TROTWOOD,  4418  H.    Imp.    Milk  4151  Ibs.  10  oz.  6  months  11  days,  P. 

BETSY  VON  HOLINGEN,  17217  H.  F.    Lodewijk,  557  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BETTINA,  2466  H.    Midox,  986  H. ;  Rijaneta,  1131  H.    Milk  71  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  469  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  P. 

Butter  32  Ibs.  1}£  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
BETTINA'S  RIJANETA,  6266  H.  F.    Don  Quixote,  1324  H. ;  Bettina,  2466  H.    Milk  35  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  243 

Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P.     Butter  13  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  P. 

BETTY  ALEXANDER,  4403  H.    Alexander,  83  Neth. ;  Lamberta,  576  Neth.     Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BETTY  MINK,  10404  H.    Imp.    Milk  414  Ibs.  7  days,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
BEWUNDE,  1670  H.    Dirk  Schilp,  220;  Lady  Kurt,  358  H.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BEWUNDE'S  AAGGIE,  5242  H.  F.    Sir  Newton  of  Aaggie,  1858  H. ;  Bewunde,  1670  H.    Milk  89  Ibs.  1 

day,  869  Ibs.  10  days,  P.    Butter  29  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
BIANCA,  859  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day.  P. 
BIBIANA'S  PET,  6778  H.  F.    Armory,  3345  H. ;   Bibiana,  7045  H.     Milk  74  Ibs.  1  day,  1610  Ibs.  4  oz.  30 

days,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  4  oz.,  P. 
BIENTJE  3o,  1654  H.     Lord  Le  Baron,  528  H.;    Bientje  2d,  991  H.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day.  P.    Butter  17 

Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 

BILDA,  4504  H.    Imp.     Milk  36  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BIRDIE,  897  H.    Imp.    Milk  44  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  1227'  Ibs.  4  oz.  30  days,  P. 
Bixx  FUNNY  2o,  17147  H.  F.     Norm  Ellis,  4663  H.  F.;  Bixx  Funny,  9868  H.  F.    Milk  5584  Ibs.  180 

days,  P. 

BLACK  DELL,  4829  H.    Geneva  Duke,  254  H. ;  Almina,  699  H.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BLACK  VENUS,  1863  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BLADE  OF  GRASS,  1421  D.  F.    De  Watergens,  229  P.  R. :  Janke,  626  P.  R,    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BLAINTJE  3o,  3294  H.    Imp.     Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BLANKSMA.  524  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  430  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  P. 

BLANKSMA  ZWARTE  3o,  620  D.  F.    Leu  warder,  71  F. ;    Engelum.    Butter  12  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
BLESKE,  2267  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P.     Butter  14  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
BLISSFUL,  10155  H.    Imp.     Milk  48  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  7808  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  months  14  days,   A.R.     Butter 

10  Ibs.  5  1-2  oz.  7  days,  A.  R. 

BLOKJEY,  3823  H.  F.    Columbus,  460  Neth. ;  Blokje,  4515  Neth.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BLOKKER,  390  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  5  oz  1  day  P 

BLOKKER  2o,  391  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  89  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. 

BLONDINE,  8937  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  10,000  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

BLOSSOM,  256  H.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BLOXONI,  8423  H.  F.    Dirk,  33  F.  H. ;  Sijbrandi,  186  F.  H.    Milk  36  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BLUE  BERRY,  2671  H.    Imp.     Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  5120  Ibs.  10  oz.  4  months,  P. 

BLUETTE,  1778  D.  F.    C^sar,  310  F. ;  Kooistra,  1438  F.    Milk  43  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.     Butter  2  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BODEREA  LINCOLN,  9610  H.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P.     Butter  3  Ibs  6  oz.  1  day,  P. 

BOELYN  ARTIS,  8924  H.  F.    Johnnie  Boelyn,  2494  H.  F.;  Artis  Martha,  9901  H.     Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 


324  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 

BACKELTJE,  1106  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  86  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BOFIE,  3554  H.  F.    Nicolaas,  322  Neth.;  Grietje,  1211  Neth.    Milk  6120  Ibs.  4  months  P     Butter  12 

Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 

BOLSWARD,  8924  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  7321  Ibs.  10  oz.  10  months  4  days,  P. 
BOMAZ  2D,  20460  H.  F.    Uncle  Dan,  2011  H.  F. ;  Bomaz,  20458  H.  F.    Milk  66  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  15,7*3 

Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
BONA,  7774  H.    Walter  Scott  4th,  1398  H. ;  Rowena  B,  2592  H.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs 

7  days,  P. 
BONANZA  MAID,  4544  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  14,065  Ibs.  10  oz.,  P.    Butter  25  Ibs  3K  oz   7 

days,  91  Ibs,  12  oz.  30  days.  P. 
BONNIE  ETHEL,  9510  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day  P. ;  606  Ibs.  14  oz.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  15  Ibs. 

11  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

BONNIE  JEAN,  783  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,152  Ibs.  11  oz.  10  months  28  days,  P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
BONNIE  NETHEHLAND,  11792  H.  F.    Netherland  Carl,  3279  H. ;  Bonnie  Jean,  783  H.    Butter  18  Ibs.  11}£ 

oz.  7  days,  P. 

BONNIE  QUEEN,  10278  H.    -Imp.    Milk  10,000  Ibs.  6  months,  P. 

BONNIE  SADIE,  9751  H.    Venture,  1315  H. ;  Geddes  Girl,  2735  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P 
BONNY  LASS,  950  H.  Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  9107  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
BONTBLES,  1665  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BONTE  TWEELING,  4332  F.  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BONTJE  2o,  3234  F.  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BONTJE  P2D,  8455  H.    Major  Pel,  2763  H.;    Bontje  P,  6216  H.    Milk  69  Ibs.  1  day,  645  Ibs.  8  oz.  10 

days,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 
BONTJE  P  2D's  GERBEN,  23958  H.  F.      Consul  Gerben,  4304  H.  F. ;  Bontje  P  2d,  8455  H.  F.    Milk  55 

Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 

BONTJIE,  9279  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BONTSCHONK,  1518  D  F.    David,  222  F.  H. ;   Mooye,  202  F.  H.    Butter  8  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  P. 
BONTSCHONK  2o,  4717  H.  F.    Mooie  Hartog  2d,  407  D.  F. ;  Bontschonk,  1518  D.  F.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day, 

P. ;  11,633  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  15  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
BONZILLA,  6926  H.    Imp.    Milk  85  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.;  6060  Ibs.  8  oz.  90  days,  A.R.    Butter  22  Ibs.  7 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
BOONSTRA  2o,  732  H.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  2160  Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  6^  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 

BOONSTRA  4TH,  7409  H.    Endymion,  817  H. ;  Boonstra  2d,  732  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BOONSTRA  4TH's  PRINCESS,  3380  H.  F.    Forster,  2771  H. ;  Boonstra  4th,  7409  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.  14  oz.  1 

day,  P.;  10,264  Ibs.  1  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

BOONSTRA'S  LIEUWKJE  2o,  1401  D.  F.    Jan ;  Lieuwkje.    Milk  89  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
BOQUETTE.  6089  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BORNIA,  2016  H.  F.    Veldheer,  349  Neth. ;  Bontje,  1911  Neth.    Milk  11,234  Ibs.  11  months  10  days,  P. 
BOSMA,  770  F.  H.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BOSTON  QUEEN  2o,  15422  H.  F.    Bartholdi,  4393  H. ;  Boston  Queen,  6948  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BOTJE,  5314  H.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 
BOUKJE,  116  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  21,679  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 
BOUNTIFUL  MAID.  4411  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BOUNTY,  133  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  78  Ibs.  1  day,  P.     " 
BOUTBEE'S,  1655  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BOWEN,  12041  H.  F.    Pel  Posma,  673  F.  H. ;  Tietje,  1084  F.  H.    Milk  69  Ibs.  1  day,  1982  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
BOUWMAN,  372  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BRACELET,  1567  D.  F.    Willem  H,  183  Neth.:  Doortje,  1812  Neth.    Milk  84  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  12,815  Ibs 

8  months,  P. 

BRAKENHOF,  6449  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,937  Ibs.  11  oz.  8  months  10  days,  A.R. 

BRAZITJE,  8280  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs.  1  day,  1975  Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 
BREDA.  257  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  11,165  Ibs.  7  months  16  days,  P. 
BREGJE  SWART  3o,  29208  H.  F.    Krootje's  Champion,  10179  H.  F. ;   Bregje  Swart,  2945  H.  F.    Milk  40 

Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  381  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
BREMA,  6300  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,837  Ibs.  416  days,  P. 
BRENDA,  258  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,582  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

BRENTA,  2368  H.  F.    Dennis,  1344  H. ;  Meyd  3d,  2246  H.    Milk  36  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
BRIDE,  653  H.    Fifth  Prince  of  Orange,  243  H.;  Belle  of  Lakeview,  252  H.    Milk  6923  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
BRIDE  GWYNEDD,  1666  H.    lagoo,  270  H.;  Evangeline,  293  H.    Milk  12,331  Ibs.  1  year,  P.;  10,721  Ibs.  9 

months,  24  days,  A.R. 

BRIGHT  PROMISE,  5799  H.    Imp.    Milk  100  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  13,085  Ibs.  11  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
BRILLIANTE,  101  H.    Kaiser,  22  H. ;  Texelaar  8th,  55  H.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BRIMFUL,  165  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  92  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BRIMFUL  2o,  35713  H.  F.    Nutford  2d,  18096  H.  F. ;  Brimful,  8926  H.  F.    Milk  53  Ibs  1  day,  P. 
BRIMSMA,  4688  H.    Imp.    Milk  441  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days.  7920  Ibs.  1  oz.  9  months  21  days,  A.R. 
BRINDISI,  8434  H.  F.    Kalma,  86  F.  H. ;  Ulbe,  92  F.  H.    Milk  404  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R 
BRINKA,  5186  H.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  10,146  Ibs.  8  oz.  6  months  21  days,  P. 
BROUKJE,  94  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  8  .  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BRUGMAN,  6760  H.    Imp.    Milk  33  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

BRUIDJE,  1410  H.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  11  oz.,  P. 
BRIMSMA  RIKA,  5769  H.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
BRUNETTE,  1251  H.    Imp.    Milk  30  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BRUNHILD,  3902  H.    Napoleon,  706  H. ;  Christabel,  1247  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  P. 
BUCKEYE,  155  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  69  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BUCKEYE  BELLE,  1198  H.    Anton,  462  H. ;  Saapke,  736  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  10,000  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
BUENIE,  4886  H.    Promoter,  1518  H.;  Charetta,  533  H.    Milk  10,061  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
BUITH,  178  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BUMBLE  BEE,  8853  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  8062  Ibs.  4  oz.  9  months,  P. 
BURDETTA,  8434  H.    Imp,    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

BURDETTA'S  DUCHESS,  12538  H.  F.   Reserve  Prince,  1915  H.  F. ;  Burdetta,  8434  H.  Milk  32  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
BURGER,  2028  H.  F.    Nicholaas,  348  Neth. ;    Betji,  2862  Neth.    Milk  49  Ibs.  1  day,  1290  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
BURLY'S  WONDER,  8706  H.    Burly,  394  H. ;  Wonder,  952  H.     Butter  12  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  A  R 
BUTTER  BELLE,  10143  H.     Lincoln,  120  Neth.    Imp.     Milk  59  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  8661  Ibs.  12  oz.  6 

months  14  days.  A.R.    Butter  10  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
BUTTERCUP,  593  H.    Imp.    Butter  11  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 


MILK*AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  325 

BUTTERFLY,  906  H     Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  9967  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  24  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  P. 
BYRONETTE,  4506  H.  F.    Byron,  1101  H. ;   Lady  Winthrop,  10130  H.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  1178  Ibs.  8  oz. 
30  days,  P. 

CALISTRA,  6870  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  P.;    10,348  Ibs.  1  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  11 

Ibs.  15  1-2  oz.  7  days,  P. 

CALPHURNIA,  5030  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  1  day,  2025  Ibs.   30  days,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 
CAMBODIA,  8432  H.  F.    Jelle,  202  F.;  Berlikumer,  1978  F.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  1386  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
CAMBY,  8265  H.  F.    Philip,  645  F.  H. ;  Gerbug,  3941  F.  H.     Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  1163  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
CAMEO,  1267  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  11,475  Ibs,  1  year,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
CAMEO  2o,  3554  H.    Neptune,  711  H. ;  Cameo,  1267  H.    Milk  71  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.j  5490  Ibs.  4  oz.  3 

months,  A.R.    Butter  24  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 

CAMILLA,  102  H.    Fourth  Duke  of  Belmont,  12  H. ;  Belle  of  Essex,  3  H.    Milk  73  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CAMILLE  S,  3060  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H. ;  Porceleintje,  568  H.    Milk  9564  Ibs.  11  months  3  days,  P. 
CAMOMILE,  8856  H.    Imp.    Milk  67  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  11,046  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  6  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

CANARY,  4284  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CANARY'S  MERCEDES,  12586  H.  F.    Antje  Vriend's  Mercedes  Prince,  2865  H.  F.;  Canary,  4284  H. 

Milk  409  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  25  Ibs.  .16  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

CANBY,  8265  H.  F.    Philips,  645  F. ;  Gerbug,  3941  F.    Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  574  Ibs.  10  days,  P.    But- 
ter 19  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days.  P. 
CAREME,  7469  H.    Imp.    Milk  100  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  2591  Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter  35  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days, 

134  Ibs.  10  oz.  30  days,  259  Ibs.  8  oz.  60  days,  P. 
CAREMB  3o,  12696  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  of  Maplewood,  2933  H. ;  Careme,  7469  H.    Butter  26  Ibs.  7^  oz. 

7  days,  P. 
CAREME  4TH,  15861  H.  F.    Colantha's  Sir  Henry,  3733  H.  F. ;  Careme,  7469  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

Butter  28  Ibs  1  day,  P. 
CAREME  5TH,  23135  H.  F.    Colantha's  Sir  Henry,  3733  H.  F.;   Careme,  7496  H.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

Butter  2  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. 
CARENO,  1859  H.    Imp.     Milk  14,706  Ibs.  11  oz.  10  months,  17,103  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  20 

Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

CARENO  2o,  2102  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CARL  HENRY'S  BEATITUDE,  21350  H.  F.    Carl  Henry,  5654  H.  F.;  Beatitude,  7972  H.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1 

day,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  3^  oz.  1  day,  P. 
CARLOKA,  5337  H.    Imp.    Milk  74  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
CARLOTTA,  1266  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  P.;    12,603  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter 22  Ibs. 

4  oz.  7  days,  91  Ibs.  2%  oz.  30  days,  P. 
CARLOTTA  2o,  3555  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Carlotta,  1266  H.    Milk  76  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  8394 

Ibs.  2  oz.  8  months  11  days,  P.    Butter  31  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  119  Ibs.  12  oz.  30  days,  230  Ibs.  8  oz. 

60  days,  P. 
CARLOTTA  3o,  5073 H.  F.     Netherland,  716  H.;    Carlotta,  1266  H.     Milk  7611  Ibs.  13  oz.  10  months, 

A.R.    Butter  11  Ibs.  3^  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

CARMELINE  2o,  10243  H.    Primate,  880  H. ;  Carmeline,  1570  H.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CARNATION,  571  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CAROL,  1422  H.  F.    Cossack,  2008  H. ;  Agrippina,  7201  H.    Milk  9477  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  10,433  Ibs.  10.  oz. 

14  months,  A.R. 

CAROLYN,  7704  H.  F.    Prins  Midlum,  2439  H.;  Anna  Jelsum,  4135  H.    Milk  3425  Ibs.  2  oz  5  months,  P. 
CARREN  WASE,  3249  H.  F.    Klaas,  2201  H  ;  Sjtit,  6586  H.     Milk  91  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  26  Ibs. 

13  oz.  7  days,  P. 
CARRICK'S  CLIFDEN,  9345  H.  F.    Lord  Clifden  2d,  616  H.  F. ;   Carrick,  7282  H.    Butter  13  Ibs.  12  oz. 

7  days,  A.R. 

CARRIE,  583  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CARRIE  ASTREA.  520  H.  F.    Black  Boy,  2176  H. ;  Astrea  3d,  1907  H.    Milk  99  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  32 

Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 

CARRIE  FAIR,  4415  H.    Imp.    Milk  36  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  P. 

CARRIE  FAIR  2o,  1574  H.  F.    Neptune,  711  H.;  Carrie  Fair,  4415  H.    Milk  940  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
CARRIE  S,  3056  H.     Neptune,  711  H.;  Valley  Queen,  851  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  1601  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
CARRIE  SLADE,  8856  H.  F.    Turk,  3244  H.;  Saapke  2d,  6180  H.     Milk  79*3  Ibs.  9  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
CASSENDENA,  7269  H.    Imp.     Milk  92  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.;  4739  Ibs.  60  days,  A.R.     Butter  23  Ibs.  10 oz. 

7  days,  A.R. 
CASSIE  HECKENDOWN,  3315  H.    Sir  William,  155  H. ;  Vesta  of  Potsdam,  470  H.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

Butter  71  Ibs.  10  oz.  30  days,  P. 
CASSIE  HECKENDOWN  2o,  8357  H.    Mr.  Chuffy,  556  H.;  Cassie  Heckendown,  3315  H.    Milk  62  Ibs.  1 

day,  P. 
CASSIE  HECKENDOWN  3o,  8358  H.    Prince  of  Twisk,  1055  H. ;  Cassie  Heckendown,  3315  H.    Butter  71 

Ibs.  10  oz.  30  days,  P. 
CASTINE,  3796  H.    Imp.    Milk  98  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  1898  Ibs.  30  days,  P.     Butter  21  Ibs.  7  days,  98  Ibs. 

10  oz.  30  days,  P. 

CASTOR'S  ISABELLE,  4803  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CATALPA  2o,  2099  H.    Imp.    Butter  8  Ibs.  14^  oz.  7  days,  P. 
CATHARINA,  105  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CATO  2o,  1228  H.     Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

CATC  BRANTJES,  6015  H.    Bouke,  100  Neth. ;  Princes,  407  Neth.    Milk  69  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CATRINA,  106  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CAVI,  7837  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 
CECILIA  ROOKER,  9956  H.    Jacob  Wit,  56  Neth.    Imp     Milk  44  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  10,514  Ibs.  4  oz. 

1  year,  A.R.    Butter  22  Ibs.  13-',  oz.  7  days,  93  Ibs.  14'^  oz.  30  days,  P. 
CECILIA  ROOKER  2o,  3179  H.  F.    Prince  Imperial,  1164  H  ;  Cecilia  Rooker,  9956  H.      Butter  13  Ibs.  13 

oz.  7  days,  P. 
CELANDINE  3D,  6438  H.  F.    De  Brave  Hendrik,  230  H.  F. ;  Celandine,  8850  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day, 

7637  Ibs.  12  oz.  9  months,  P.     Butter  8  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
CELESTE,  1836  H.    Imp.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

CELESTE  2o,  3899  H.     Iriquois,  1074  H. ;  Celeste,  1836  H      Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  1880  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
.CELESTE  3o, 2896  H.  F.     Viking,  2062  H. ;  Celeste,  1836  H.     Milk  107  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. ;   10,071  Ibs.  12 

oz.  6  months,  A.R. 
CELESTE  4th,  5927  H.  F.    Viking,  2062  H. ;  Celeste,  1836  H.     Milk  14,102  Ibs.  11  months  12  days,  P. 


326  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 

CELESTE  S,  3052  H.    Neptune,  711  H. ;  Isis  2d,  337  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  12,524  Ibs.  9  months  26 

days,  A.R. 

CEHA  S,  3760  H.    Bounce  Gwynne,  1005  H. ;  Ancie,  1568  H.    Milk  8052  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
CELINE,  1828  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,903  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year,  P. 
CESNA,  8332  H.    Imp.    Milk  47  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

CHARITY,  1804  H.    Imp.    Milk  35  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  11,575  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P. 
CHARITY  GTH,  1677  H.  F.    Viking,  2026  H. ;   Charity,  1804  H.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  8183  Ibs.  4  oz.  7 

months  A.R. 

CHARITY  7TH,  5098  H.  F.    Viking,  2026  H. ;  Charity,  1804  H.    Butter  10  Ibs.  12 X  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
CHARLINE,  6845  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  1327  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
CHATERDAAM,  8260  H.  F.    Oneides,  317  F. ;  Walma,  1504  F.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CHAUTAUGUA  GIRL.  1177  H.    Imp.    Milk  85  Ibs.  1  day,  2400  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
CHERI,  321  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  39  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

CHERRY  CREEK  GIRL,  4196  H.   Imp.    Milk  Qh  Ibs.  1  day,  325  Ibs.  7 days,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  4 oz.  7days,  P. 
CHERRY  CREEK  QUEEN,  2582  H.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 
CHESTER  MAID,  12239  H.  F.    Robet,  4616  H. ;  Kiola,  402  H.  F.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CHICOPA,  984  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CHLOE,  670  H.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  9771  Ibs.  6  oz.  11  months  26  days,  A.R.    Butter  16  Ibs. 

14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

CHLOE  ARTIS,  4843  H.  F.    Artis,  127  Neth,;  Princesje,  520  Neth.    Milk  39  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  5297  Ibs.  6 

months  2  days,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
CHLOE  VON  HARLINGEN,  12378  H.  F.    Archibald,  383  D.  F.;  Chloe  H,  16  D.  F.    Milk  6516  Ibs.  14  oz.  7 

months,  P. 

CHRISTABEL.  1247  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  27  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
CHRISTABEL  2o,  8080  H.    Nicolaas  2d,  451  H. ;  Christabel,  1247  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CHRISTATA,  7855  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  4104  Ibs.  5  oz.  3  months,  P. 
CHRISTINA,  719  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  13,099  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
CICILY,  9282  H.    Imp.    Milk  39  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CJRIETJI  BLEEKER,  5  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  14,220  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
CLACK,  9310  H.    Imp.    Milk  38  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CLARA,  2852  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  90  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

CLARA  ARTIS,  4524  H.    Artis,  127  Neth. ;  Princesje  520  Neth.    Milk  7468  Ibs.  12  oz.  290  days,  P. 
CLARA  PEL,  17638  H.  F.    Prince  Serraris,  1726  H.  F. ;  Pel  4th.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CLARA  S,  3058  H.    lagoo,  270  H. ;  Antjeal,  517  H.    Milk  9808  Ibs.  9  months  20  days,  P. 
CLARA  VAUGHN,  2686  H.    Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CLARDIE,  8539  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CLARICE  S,  3761  H.    Bounce  Gwynne,  1005  H. ;  Amanda  Gwynedd,  1669  H.    Milk  9407  Ibs.  10  months 

4  days,  P. 
CLARINDA,  1042  H.    Tenth  Lord  of  Texelaar,  160  H. ;  Zuider  Zee  17th,  485  H.    Butter  10  Ibs.  12  oz. 

7  days,  A.R. 

CLARIONET,  8922  H.    Imp.    Milk  38  Ibs.  1  day,  8058  Ibs.  12  oz.  11  months  2  days,  P. 

CLARISSA,  2288  H.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  1431  Ibs.  1  month,  P. 

CLASINA,  1212  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  87  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

CLASINA  OF  TIMBER  POINT,  1358  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

CLAUDE,  6144  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,156  Ibs.  1  year.  P. 

CLEARY,  8277  H.  F.    Rintje,  427  F.    Baukje,  2610  F.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  466  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 

Butter  19  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 

CLEMENTINE,  1789  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  11,721  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
CLINTONIA  3o,  10830  H.  F.    Barrington,  2103  H. ;  Clintonia,  6294  H.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  1600  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 
CLOTHILDE,  1308  H.    Imp.    Milk  101  Ibs  2  oz.  1  day,  P.;  26,021  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  28  Ibs. 

2l£  oz.  7  days,  95  Ibs.  2%  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 
CLOTHILDE  2o,  1541  H.    Imp.    Milk  97  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  23,602  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  30 

Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. ;  119  Ibs.  14%  oz.  30  days.  P. ;  320  Ibs.  1%  oz.  90  days,  A.R. 
CLOTHILDE  20^  DUCHESS,  6401  H.    Duke  of  Manheim,  2118  H. ;  Clothilde  2d,  1451  H.    Milk  11,524  Ibs. 

15  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  19  Ibs  15^  oz.  7  days,  P. 

CLOTHILDE  3o,  2091  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H. ;  Clothilde,  1308  H.    Milk  10,718  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  15 

Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
CLOTHILDE  SD'S  COUNTESS,  2902  H.  F.    Prince  Imperial,  1164  H. ;  Clothilde  3d,  2091  H.    Milk  9300  Ibs. 

8  oz.  1  year.    Butter  13  Ibs.  14>£  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

CLOTHILDE  4TH,  3480  H.    Netherland  Prince  716  H.;  Clothilde,  1308  H.    Milk  68  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day, 

26,021  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  23  Ibs.  10  »4'  oz.  7  days,  A.R. ;  93  Ibs.  1%  oz.  30  days,  P. 
CLOTHILDE  STH,  8466  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Clothilde,  1308  H.     Milk  10.072  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year, 

P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
CLOTHILDE  6TH,  1581  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Clothilde,  1308  H.    Milk  9519  Ibs.  8  oz.  10 

months  8  days,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  11  f£  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
CLOTHILDE  STH,  11694  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Clothilde,  1308  H.    Butter  14  Ibs.  5  oz.  7 

days,  P. 
CLOTHILDE  NETHERLAND,  17957  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.:  Clothilde  2d,  1451  H.    Butter  11 

Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  P. 
CLOVERDALE  QUEEN,  11734  H.  F.    Shadeland  Mars,  2384  H  F.;  Ramonia  W,  9325  H.  F.    Milk  50  Ibs. 

1  day,  P. ;  306  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 

CLOVER  LEAF  2o,  2684  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

CLOVER  TOP,  1082  H.    Saladin,  336  H. ;  Milk  Maid,  194  H.     Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

CLYTE,  549  H.    Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1768  Ibs.  8  oz.  3t  days.    Butter  9  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
CLYTE  B,  4509  H.  F.    Mooie,  26  D.  F  ;   Clyte,  549  H.     Milk  35  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  6501  Ibs.  8  oz.  10 

months,  P. 
CLYTE  VAN  TIEL  JANET,  11929  H.  F.     Sir  Van  Tiel,  3681  H.  F. ;  Clyte  B,  4509  H.  F.    Milk  438  Ibs.  10 

oz.  7  days,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  2^  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
CNOSSEN,  780  F.  H.    Imp.    Milk  78  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

CoBA2o,  1358  D  F.    Justus,  Coba.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  14,127  Ibs.  6  oz.   10  months  18  days,  A.R 
COBWEB,  10156  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  8286  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  8  Ibs.  9  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

COIRA,  3142  H.    Imp.    Milk  67  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 
COLANTHA,  6714  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  12,057  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  P.      Butter  31  Ibs.  7.oz.  7 

days,  P. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  327 

COLANTHA  2o,  21933  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  of  Maplewood,  2933  H. ;  Colantha,  6714  H.    Butter  20  Ibs.  13 

oz.  7  days,  P. 
COLANTHA  3o,  30837  H.  F.    Aaggie  Cornelia  5tb's  Clothilde  Imperial,  11822  H.  F. ;  Colantha,  6714  H. 

Milk  287  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  12  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
COLANTHA  ECHO,  7601  H.  F.    Echo's  Prince  of  Wayne,  31  H.  F. ;  Colantha,  6714  H.   Milk  47  Ibs.  5  oz. 

1  day,  P.    Butter  5  Ibs.  2  oz.  2  days,  P. 
COLO,  5298  H.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
COLOMBA,  3144  H.    Imp.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
COLUMBIA  CLOTHILDE,  33365  H.  F.    Sir  Netherland  Clothilde,  8517  H.  F. ;  Clothilde  2d's  Duchess,  6401 

H.     Milk  278  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R.     Butter  9  Ibs.  .77  oz.  7  days.  A.R. 
COMEDIA,  6997  H.    Imp.     Milk  51  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  13,501  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  8)£  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

COMLY  KOOPMAN,  8398  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  1739  Ibs.  30  days,  P.     Butter  2  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  P. 
COMO,  8083  H.    Imp.    Milk  74  Ibs.  1  day,  1975  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P. 
CONCORDIA,  10148  H.    Roel,  184  F.;  Groote  Bles,  293  F.     Milk  86  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  17,146  Ibs.  6  oz. 

1  year,  A.R.     Butter  25  Ibs.  85 .  oz.  7  days,  P. ;  94  Ibs.  8/3  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 
CONCORDIA  2o,  10511  H.  F.    Royal  Aaggie,  3463  H. ;  Concordia,  10148  H.    Milk  58  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day, 

14,433  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  15  4-5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
CONCORDIA  2D's  AMERICA,  22979  H.  F.    America's  Champion,  4056  H.  F.;  Concordia  2d,  10511  H.  F. 

Milk  47  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  12,120  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  11  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
CONSTANCE,  111  H.    Imp.    Milk  8634  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  9  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. ;  353  Ibs.  1 

year,  P. 

CONSTANCE  S,  3057  H.   Crown  Prince  3d,  625  H. ;  Kathrin,  510  H.    Milk  83  Ibs.  1  day ,  2287  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
COPIA,  1067  H.    Billy  Boelyn,  189  H.;  Coronet,  544  H.    Milk  99  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  2747  Ibs.  12  oz.  31 

days,  P. 

COPIA  2o,  1045  H.  F.    Empire,  588  H. ;  Copia,  1067  H.     Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
COQUETTE,  909  H.    Imp.     Milk  60  Ibs  1  day,  P. 
CORA  ARTIS,  4521  H.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day,  10,566  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  18  Ibs.  18.^ 

oz.  7  days,  P. 
CORA  BELLE  SPAANZ,  2077  H.    Brithart,  633  H. ;  Mina  Spaanz,  1104  H.    Milk  63  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  A.R. ; 

14,453  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P. 

CORA  GUTHRIE,  4147  H.    Benson,  1506  H. ;  Carnation,  571  H.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CORAL,  907  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,141  Ibs.  12  oz.  8  months  13  days,  A.R. 
CORA  S,  3759  H.    Crown  Prince  3d,  625  H. ;  Katiuka  2d,  491 II.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  9626  Ibs.  10  months 

13  days,  P. 

CORDELIA,  922  H.    Imp.    Milk  91  Ibs.  1  day,  8725  Ibs.  12  oz.  6  months,  P. 
CORELIA  YKEMA,  4527  H.  F.    Ykema,  322  D.  F. ;  Antje  Santema,  948  D.  F.    Milk  62  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day, 

10,000  Ibs.  240  days,  P. 

CORIANDER,  3568  H.    Imp.    Milk  406  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

CORIANDER  2o,  3568  H.    Imp.    Milk  464  Ibs.  7  oz.  10  days,  8768  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  months  20  days,  A.R. 
CORINGA,  3134  H.    Imp.     Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

CORINNE  OF  OAKHURST,  2773  H.  F.     Clovis,  3303  H.;  Lovlie,  6952  H.     Milk  1975  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  month,  P. 
CORMOREND,  6358  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,671  Ibs.  9  months  27  days,  A.R. 
CORNELIA,  570  H.    Imp.    Milk  87  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

CORNELIA  2D,  563  D.  F.     Douwe,  Cornelia.     Milk  68  Ibs.  6  oz.  J  day,  P. 

CORNELIA  BRANTJES,  6017  H.     Bouwke,  100  Neth. ;  Elizabeth,  7^4  Neth.     Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CORNELIA  COOK,  4529  H.    Imp.     Milk  70  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
CORNELIA  DEKKKR,  6447  H.    Imp.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  clay,  P. 
CORNELIA  KOL,  5703  H.    Imp.     Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

CORNELIA  KOL  2o,  1656  H.  F.    Imp     Cornelia  Kol,  5703  H.     Milk  38  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CORNELIA  L,  3049  H.    Imp.     Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CORNELIA  TENSEN,  1817  H.  F.     Clymax,  70  Neth.;  Cornelia,  750  Neth.    Milk  81  Ibs.  1  day,  10.000  Ibs. 

10  months,  P.     Butter  3  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  19  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
CORNELIA  V,  4243  H.    Imp.     Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

CORNELISJE,  1672  Neth.    Imp.     Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P.     Butter  10  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
CORNELISJE,  971  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P.     Butter  10  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
CORNUCOPIA,  8687  H.    Imp.    Milk  35  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  P.;  7969  Ibs  13  oz.  10  months,  A.R.     Butter  12 

Ibs.  11 '.,  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

CORONET.  544  H.     Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  P.     Butter  10  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
CORRENNA,  5994  H.  F.     Billnoble,  3729  H.;  Bedott,  4828  H.     Milk  2848  Ibs.  3  oz.  3  months  12  days. 

Butter  10  Ibs.  2.1..'  oz.  7  days.  A.R. 

CORINNE,  1386  H.    Imp.     Milk  50  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  1304  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
CORINNE  OP  OAKHURST,  2773  H.  F.     Clovis,  3303  H. :  Loolie,  6952  H.    Milk  2515  Ibs.  10  oz.  2  months  18 

days,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  d<»ys,  P. 

COBTICELLI,  5386  H.    Imp.     Milk  13,776  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
COSMELLA,  7828  H.    Imp.     Milk  40  Ibs.  1  clay,  P. 
COUNTESS,  843  H.     Imp.     Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
COUNTESS  CLOTHILDE,  21580  H.  F.     Count  Clothilde,  9915  H.  F.;  Clothilde  Gth's  Netherland,  8329  H. 

F.    Milk  316  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  15  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
COUNTESS  OP  CLOTHILDE,  33364  H.  F.    Sir  Netherland  Clothilde,  8517  H.  F. ;  Clothilde  3(Fs  C  .untess. 

2902  H.  F.    Milk  305  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  clays,  A.R.     Butter  10  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  clays,  A.R. 
COUNTESS  OP  FLANDERS,  112  H.    Imp.     Milk  67  Ibs.  1  clay,  P. 

COUNTESS  OP  FLANDERS  3o,  273  H.    Bleecker,  3  H. ;  Countess  of  Flande;  s,  112  H.   Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day, 

P. ;  11,411  Ibs.  8  oz.  9  months  18  days,  A.R.     Butter  18  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  25  Ibs.  9  oz  10  days,  A.R 

COUNTESS  OF  FLANDERS  4TH,  1240  H.    Beaconsfleld,  401  H.;  Countess  of  Flanders,  112  H.    Milk  1835 

Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  P. 
COUNTESS  OP  FLANDERS  STH,  3430  H.     Von  Strader,  1043  H.;    Countess  of   Flanders  6th,  1511   H. 

Butter  25  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  clays,  P. 

COUNTRY  GIRL,  1882  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  7421  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  months,  P. 
COUSIN  PENSIE,  9914  H.  F.    Prins  Maurits,  4653  H. ;  Madam  Monica,  1162  H.     Milk  50  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day, 

12,661  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  21  Ibs.  61  >'  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

COVEY,  8272  H.  F.    Hobbema  2d,  682  D.  F. ;  Terpstra  2cl,  4765  F.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1  day,  613  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
COWSLIP,  274  H.    Imp.    Milk  690  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 

CRARY  HENGERVELD,  807  H.  F.    Prince  Kuperus,  121  D.  F. ;  Aaltie  Hengerveld  2d,  13  D.  F.    Butter 
16  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


CREAMER,  9491  H.    Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  10,022  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

CRESCENT,  276  H.    Rip  Van  Winkle,  35  H. ;  Fraulein,  9  H.    Milk  37  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

CRISTATA,  7855  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  P. 

CROCALE,  5360  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

CROWN  JEWEL,  2690  H.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs.  13  ox.  1  day,  P.;  14,724  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  19 

Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

CROWN  JEWEL  2o,  2697  H.    Imp.    Milk  53  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  9742  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  P. 
CROWN  JEWEL  3D,  317  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Crown  Jewel,  2690  H.    Milk  8153  Ibs.  9M  oz. 

10  months,  A.R.    Butter  14  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 

CROWN  PRINCESS,  6  H.    Imp.    Milk  74  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day.  14,027  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
CRYSTAL,  948  H.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  P.;  13,143  Ibs.  5  oz.  10  months,  A.R.   Butter  16  Ibs. 

7  days,  A.R. 

CUSHA  2o,  9747  H.    Jacob  Wit,  2662  H. ;  Cusha,  5026  H.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

CYBELE,  5291  H.  Imp    Milk  100  Ibs.  8  oz  1  day,  13.031  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P.   Butter  15  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
CYNTHIA,  8100  H.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  11,333  Ibs.  8  months,  P. 
CZARINA,  1837  H.    Imp.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day,  4726  Ibs.  122  days,  P.    Butter  8  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

DAFFODIL,  1318  H.    Imp.    Milk  9486  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year.    Butter  18  Ibs.  3^  oz.  7  days,  P. 

DAINTY  DOT,  1805  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  12,790  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

DAINTY  Nico,  4653  H.    Imp.    Milk  58  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  13,305  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  25 

Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
DAINTY  Nico  2o,  15109  H.  F.    Jacob  Clifden,  2318  H. ;  Dainty  Nico,  4653  H.    Butter  10  Ibs.  5%  oz. 

7  days,  A  R. 

DAINTY  RUTH,  9515  H.  F.    Furst  Heksi,  3899  H. ;  Rustle,  7818  H.    Milk  8887  Ibs.  1  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
DAINTY  S,  3787  H.    Crown  Prince  3d,  625  H. ;  Dairy  Maid,  610  H.    Milk  11,586  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
DAIRY  MAID,  610  H.     Imp.    Milk  11,019  Ibs.  9  months  24  days,  A.R. 
DAISY,  113  H.    Hamilcar,  17  H. ;  Hebe,  12  H.    Milk  36  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DAISY  A,  3450 H.    Promoter,  1518  H.;  Aafje  3d,  1522  H.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DAISY  ALEXANDER.  4409  H.    Imp.    Milk  7749  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

DAISY  ARTIS,  4523  H.    Imp.    Milk  9000  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  P. 
DAISY  ARTIS  2o,  8005  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Daisy  Artis,  4523  H.    Milk  9394  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year, 

P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  72  Ibs.  12i  oz.  30  days,  P. 
DAISY  BURKE,  22914  H.  F.    Lord  Burke,  11731  H.  F;    Daisy  H  3d,  13621  H.  F.     Milk  35  Ibs.  8  oz. 

1  day,  P. 
DAISY  COOK  3o,  2555  H.  F.    Remington,  1716  H.;  Daisy  Cook,  1681  H.    Milk  47  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  9640 

Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  15  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
DAISY  DALE,  2694  H.    Imp.     Milk  38  Ibs.   1  day,    1085  Ibs.  2  oz.  30  days,  P.    Butter  9  Ibs,  8  oz.  7 

days,  P. 
DAISY  DE  KOL,  20201  H.  F.    De  Kol  2d's  Prince,  2767  H.  F. ;  Bella  Barnum,  2422  H.  F.    Butter  17  Ibs. 

8K  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

DAISY  H  3o,  13621  H.  F.  Burr,  1460  H. ;  Daisy  H.,  732  H.   Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P.   Butter  14  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
DAISY  SINDT,  24141  H.  F.    Beppo's  Rijaneta  Herbert,  11241  H.  F.;  Nora  Sindt,  9251  H.  F.    Butter  21 

Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 
DAKOLAR  Nico,  9632  H.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  6600  Ibs.  10  months,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  12  oz.  1 

day,  P. 
DAKOTA  PLUM,  7893  H.  F.    Jewel's  Prince  of  Wayne,  32  H.  F. ;  Ema  Abbekerk,  9606  H.    Milk  52  Ibs. 

1  day,  P. 
DAKOTA  QUEEN,  7898  H.  F.    Jewel's  Prince  of  Wayne,  32  H.;  Arline,  5927 H.   Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P., 

560  Ibs.  lOda'S,  A.R. 

DAME  DURDEN,  6867  H.    Imp.    Milk  53  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day.  P.;  10,724  Ibs.  14  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
DAMSEL,  1808  H.    Imp.    Milk  6242  Ibs.  3  oz.  11  months  15  days,  P. 
DANDELION,  2692  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DANGLE  S,  3786  H.    Crown  Prince  3d,  625  H. ;  Gretje  2d,  516  H.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  12,227  Ibs.  11 

months  14  days,  P. 

DAPHNE,  596  H.    Imp.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  9475  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P. 
DAPHNE  2o,  1312  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H. :  Daphne,  596  H.    Milk  37  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DAPHNE  3D,  596  H.    Keys,  53  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  6949  Ibs.  11  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
DAWN  277  H.    Billy  Boelyn,  189  H. ;  Modjeska,  407  H.    Milk  13,586  Ibs.  12  oz.,  P. 
DAY,  4649  H.  F.    J.  Corwin,  3623  H. ;  Damie,  8423  H.     Butter  18  Ibs  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
DAZIEL,  6920  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  6914  Ibs.  4  oz.  3  months  18  days,  A.R.    Butter  21  Ibs.  7 

oz.  7  days.  A.R. 
DAZIE  Me,  10546  H.  F.    Netherland  Convoy  2934  H. ;  Taffy,  6935  H.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  419  Ibs.  8 

oz.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  9  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
DE  BLES,  806  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs.  1  day,  16,148  Ibs.  11  months  28  days,  P.     Butter  21  Ibs.  12  oz. 

7  days.  A.R. 
DE  BLESS  2o,  2588  H.    Promoter,  1518  H. ;  Cordelia,  922  H.    Milk  63  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. ;   15,042  Ibs.   1 

year,  A.R. 

DE  DIKKE,  7145  H.    Imp.    Milk  10.103  Ibs.  5  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
DE  DIKKERT,  1158  D.  F.    Zan  Dikkert.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

DE  FLORA,  10851  H.  F.    Fell,  128  D.  F.;  Eradne,  8446  H.    Milk  10,097  Ibs.  15  oz.  10  months,  P. 
DE  FREULE,  4249  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  5759  Ibs,  11  oz.  6  months,  P. 
DE  FREULE,  742  H.    Bismark,  224  Neth. ;  De  Freule,  4249  Neth.    Milk  80  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  10,683  Ibs. 

9  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
DE  FREULE  2o,  3381  H.  F.    Neptune,  Jr.,  1916  H.  F.;  DeFrenle,  742  H.  F.    Milk  9846  Ibs.  6  oz.  10 

months.  A.R. 

DE  FREULE  3d,  7031  H.  F.    Forster,  2771  H. ;  De  Freule,  742  H.  F.    Butter  20  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
DE  GOEDE,  5568  H.    Imp.    Milk  91  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  12,460  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  14  Ibs.  2  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 

DE  GOEDE  2o,  357  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  618  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  days,  11,078  Ibs  8  oz.  266  clays,  A.R. 
DE  GOEDE  GEEFSTER,  4078  H.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 
DE  GROOT'S  GRIETJE  3D,  853  D.  F.    Prins;  Grietje.    Milk  10,056  Ibs.  4  oz.,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  8  oz    7 

days,  A.R. 

DEKKERTJE  3o,  4303  H.  F.    Burghorn,  4075  H. ;  Dekkertje,  8969  H.    Butter  14  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
DE  KOL,  6245  H.    Imp.    Milk  89  Ibs.  1  day,  886  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
DE  KOL  2D,  734  H.  F.    Willem  III,  190  Neth. ;  De  Kol,  6245  H.    Milk  7'3  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  11,953  Ibs.  9.oz. 

7  months  22  days,  A.R.    Butter  6  Ibs.  6>a  oz.  1  day,  33  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS. 


DE  KOL  SD'S  PAULINE,  30712  H.  F.    Paul  De  Kol,  14643  H.  F. ;  De  Kol  2d,  734  H.  F.    Milk  249  Ibs.  6  oz 

7  days,  A.R.    Butter  12  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
DE  KOL  2o's  QUEEN,  6324  H.  F.    Forster.  2771  H.  F. :  De  Kol  2cl,  734  H.  F.    Milk  71  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day, 

9750  Ibs.  3  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  28  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

DELIGHT,  1774  H.    Dirk  Hatterick,  219  H. ;  Dawn,  277  H.    Milk  12,421  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 
DELIGHTFUL,  1536  D.  F.    Willem,  20  F. ;  Sophia,  865  F.    Butter  10  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
DELLAH,  2699  H.    Imp.    Milk  8000  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
DELORES,  8440  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DE  MOOIE,  1654  F.  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DE  ONDE  VROW,  480  Neth     Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

DE  RUITER'S  BEATUS,  6888  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day;  12,099  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
DE  SCHOT,  5001  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day.  P.    Butter  23  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
DESDEMONA,  1237  H.    Trump,  354  H.;  Clematis,  270  H.     Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DE3DEMONA3D,   16779  H.  F.    Jonge  Carre,  2305  H.;    Desdemona,  1237  H.    Butter  24  Ibs.  15  oz.  7 

days,  P. 
DETT  BEAUTY,  20457  H.  F.    Mazda,  2672  H.;   Beauty  Zwaan,  24J  H,    Milk  64  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  1844 

Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P. 
DE  VRIES  5433  H.    Imp.    Milk  95  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day;  2404  Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter  30  Ibs.  7  days,  122  Ibs. 

12  oz.  30  days,  P. 
DE  VRIES  CASSIE,  7318  H.  F.    De  Vries1  Jacob,  883  H.  F. ;  Cassie  Heckendown  2d,  8357  H.    Milk  36 

Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day  P. ;  7872  Ibs.  12  oz.  9  months  18  days,  A.R.      Butter  22  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  28  Ibs.  4 

oz.  14  days,  A.R. 
DEWDROP,  960  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  9468  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  6>£  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 
DEW  DROP  OF  SEA  SIDE,  8560  H.  F.    Leander,  520  H.;  Aaggie  of  Ashley,  3883  H.    Milk  44  Ibs.  10  oz. 

1  day,  P. 

DE  WIT.  1753  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 

DE  WIT'S  JANSJE  2o,  1653  H.  F.    Lincoln,  120  H. ;  De  Wit's  Jansje,  5699  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DE  ZWARTE,  946  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DE  ZWARTKOP,  1089  Neth.    Imp.     Milk  61  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
DIAMEDE.  7006  H.    Porcelein,  142  Neth.;  Hollander,  843  Neth.    Milk  50  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  7856  Ibs.  14 

oz.  8  months  15  days.  P. 

DIAMOND  S,  3975  H.    Imp.    Milk  510  Ibs.  10  days.  P. 

DIANA,  115  H.    Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  9  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
DIANA  S,  3766  H.    Crown  Prince  3d.  625  H. ;  Carrie.  583  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  1320  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
DICENTRA,  7938  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
DIENTJE,  2571  H.     Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DIEUWERA,  9320  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  1451  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
DIEWERTJE,  2020  H.  F.    De  Prins,  310  Neth. ;  Dieuwertje,  1025  Neth.    Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  15,225  Ibs.   1 

year.  P. 
DIEUWERTJE  ROGGEVEEN,  3831  H.  F.    Roggeveen,  420  Neth.;  Dieuwertje,  1973  Neth.    Milk,  6840  Ibs. 

6  months.    Butter  9  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
DIEWKJE,  145  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

DIJKSTRA  2o.  358  D.  F.    Imp.     Milk  707  Ibs.  5  oz.  10  days,  10,624  Ibs.  3  oz.  8  months  12  days,  A.R. 

DIKKE  KOE,  4247  H.    Imp.    Butter  16  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 

DIKKERT  2n,  4741  H.    Johannis  428  H. :  Dikkert  664  H.     Milk  6398  Ibs.  9  months,  P. 

DINA,  715  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 

DINAH,  1892  H.    Imp.    Milk  39  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  6486  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  months  18  days,  P.    Butter  7  Ibs.  3  oz. 

7  days,  P. 

DINA  OF  THE  PINES,  3509  H.  F.    Neptune,  Jr. ,  1916  H. ;   Dina  T,  1815  H.     Milk  48  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  318 

Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 

DINGLE  DELL  2701  H.    Imp.    Milk  73  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  10,680  Ibs.  7  oz.  228  days,  A.R. 
DINGLE  DELL  2n,  5576  H.     Sir  Henry  of  Aaggie,  1450  H. ;  Dingle  Dell,  2701  H.    Milk  9050  Ibs.  6  oz.  8 

months  26  days,  P. 

DINNIE,  1415  H.  F.     Constantyn,  2040  H. ;  Tessa  Abbekerk,  6722  H.     Butter  18  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  P. 
DINOLA,  1529  D.  F.    David,  222  D.  F. ;  Jonge  Jeltje,  F.  H.  B.     Butter,  9  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
DINORA,  5355  H.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DIRKJE  VON  HOLINGEN,  17221  H.  F.    Imp.     Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DISSE,  92  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

DIVINIA,  6996  H.    Imp.     Milk  40  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  10,451  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year,  P. 
DOCIA,  3429  H.  F.    Billy  Bawn,  3087  H. ;  Rustic  Lass  2d,  H.    Milk  35  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  6739  Ibs.  3  oz.  9 

months  6  days,  A.R. 

DOCKUMER  2D,  556  D.  F.    Imp.  Milk  69  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
DOCKUMER  6TH,  13426  H.  F.     Dockumer  3d's  Mooie,  4260  H.  F. ;   Dockumer  2d,  556  D.  F.     Milk  40  Ibs. 

1  day,  P. 

DOEDE  BINNEMA,  6215  H.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DOEDE  BINNEMA  4TH,  5048  H.  F.    Major  Pel,  53  M.  R.;  Doede  Binnema,  6215  H.    Milk  69  Ibs.  12  oz.  1 

day,  9250  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

DOEDTJE.  7616  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  904  Ibs.  8  oz.  20  days,  P. 
DOEKES  2o,  4708  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  15,000  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

DOEKES  SCOTT,  1478  H.  F.    Walter  Scott,  606  H.;   Doekes  2d,  4708  H.    Milk  31  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DOETJE  KONING,  56  D.  F.    Imp.     Milk  11,?'00  Ibs.  8  oz.  9  months  17  days.  P. 

DOETJE  WELLING,  3241  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  67  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  10,740  Ibs.  7  months  4  days,  A.R. 
DOLLY  VARDEN,  972  H.    Jacob  2cl,  56  Neth. ;  Aaggie,  SOI  H.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DOMINGO  S1  MABEL,  13671  H.  F.    Domingo  S,  3411  H.;  Mabel  of  Pacific,  625  H.  F.    Milk  10,308  Ibs.  1 

year,  A.R. 

DOMINU,  8261  H.  F.    Jan,  376  F.  H.  B.;  Janneke,  798  F.  H.  B.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  691  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
DONIA  KONING,  37  D.  F.    Imp.     Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

DOUNA  S,  6204  H.  F.    Prince  of  Twisk,  1055  H. ;  Wegdal  Ray,  7685  H.    Butter  14  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
DORA  BARNUM,  6322  H.  F.    Forster.  2771  H. ;  Jessie  Barnum,  10262  H.    Milk  6748  Ibs.  1  oz.  9  months, 

A.R.    Butter  20  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 

DORA  BEETS  2o,  265  D.  F.    Burg  Hartog,  3  M.  R. ;    Marianna  Beets,  7  M.  R.     Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DORA  BEETS  SD,  268  D.  F.     Burg  Hartog,  3  M.  R. ;  Marianna  Beets.   7  M.   R.     Milk  78  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

day,  18,510  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
DORA  BEETS  4ra,  889  D.  F.    Prince  Kuperus,  121  P.  R. ;   Marianna  Beets,  7  M.  R.  Milk  65  Ibs.   1 

day,  P. 

22 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


DORA  SLEEKER  2o,  19  D.  F.    Paul  Potter,  3D.  F.;  Dora  Bleeker  6  D.  F.    Milk  12,000  Ibs.  9  months 

34  days,  P. 

DORA  DEAN,  2925  H.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

DORA  DUMPLING,  14160  H.  F.    Tell,  128  D.  F.;  Vellinga,  3(52  D.  F.    Milk  8940  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P. 
DORA  MERRILES,  5181  H.    Artemus  Ward,  1428  H. ;  Meg  Merriles  3d,  1485  H.    Milk  41  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day, 

6831  Ibs.  9  months  6  days,  P. 
"OoRA  S,  1418  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DORINDA,  7962  H.    Imp.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DORINDA  S,  3763  H.     Crown  Prince  3d,  625  H. ;  Vineta  473  H.     Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  8731  Ibs.  9  months  3 

days,  P. 

DORIS,  885  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1160  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P. 
DOTINGA,  1538  D.  F.    De  Nette  281  F.  H.  B. ;  Foekje  2050  F.  H.  B,    Milk  91  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  A.  R.; 

2427  Ibs.  10  oz.  30  days.  P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  A.  R. 

DOTINGA  3D,  6919  H.  F.    Prince  Kerbel  1727  H.  F. ;  Dotinga  1538  D.  F.    Milk  60  Ibs  1  day,  P. 
DOWAGER,  7  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  12,681  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  12  oz.  7 

days,  P. 
DOWAGER  MAY,  1438  H.  F.    Midnight,  128  D.  F. ;  May  2d,  491  D.  F.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  15,237  ibs. 

10  months  29  days,  A.R.    Butter  19  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.  R. 
DRAMANTJE,  3466  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  87  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DREAM  OP  HOLLAND,  2703  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  1  day,  11,860  Ibs.  5  oz.  11  months,  P.    Butter  5  Ibs.  5 

oz.  3  days,  P. 
DREAM  OP  HOLLAND  SD,  8469  H.    Netherland  Prince  716  H. ;  Dream  of  Holland,  2703  H.    Milk  11,860 

Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 

DREAMY  EYES,  10451  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
DREDA,  8354  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,  6797  Ibs.  4  oz.  4  months,  P. 
DRUSILLA  S,  3764  H.    Bristol,  927  H. ;  Rebecca  2d,  490  H.    Milk  10,215  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
DRUYP  So,  917  H .    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DRUYP  3D,  921  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

DUANNA,  1780  D.  F.    Prins,  153  F.  H.  B. ;  De  Bakker,  944  F.  H.  B.    Butter  9  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
DUCHESS,  2705  H.    Imp.    Milk  13,673  Ibs.  8  oz.  9  months  17  days,  P. 
DUCHESS  OP  BEEMSTER,  4621  H.    Imp.    Milk  92  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  576  Ibs.  7  days,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  2 

oz.  7  days,  P. 
DUCHESS  OP  FRIESLAND,  382  H.    Wartena  16  Neth.;  Oliver,  91  Neth.    Milk  52  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  13,454 

Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P. 

DUCHESS  OP  PAWLING,  6318 H.  F.    Forster,  2771  H.;  Maid  of  Pawling,  7408  H.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DUCHESS  OF  SPRINGY  ALE,  845  H.    Imp.  Milk  42  Ibs.  8  oz  1  day,  9873  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
DUCHESS  OP  YORK,  120  H.    Imp     Milk  87  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  841  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
DUDGEMONA,  1522  H.  F.    Leonatus,  2139  H. ;  Clara  Vaughn.  2686  H.    Milk  38  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DUKE  OP  OBISPO'S  MABEL  OP  PACIFIC,  16891  H.   F.    Duke  of  Obispo,  6810  H.  F.    Mabel  of  Pacific, 

625  H.  F.    Milk  9711  Ibs.  1  year,  A.R. 

DULCINA,  5358  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  1  day,  2213  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
DULCINA  2o,  6437  H.  F.    De  Brave  Hendrik,  230  H.  F. ;  Dulcina  5358  H.    Milk  42  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  7105 

Ibs.  4  oz.  8  months,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  7  days.  P. 
DUMFRIES,  12029  H.  F.    August,  717  F.  H.  B.;  Jorritsma.  522  Aux,  F.    Milk  67  Ibs.  1  day,  1215  Ibs.  30 

days,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
DURKJE,  1641  H.    Imp.    Milk  13,000  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
DURKJE  BAKER,  569  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  4773  Ibs.  150  days,  P. 
DURKJE  VEEMAN,  478  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  748  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
DURKJE  VEEMAN  So,  479  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  550  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
DURKJE  VEEMAN  STH,  2687  H.  F.    Mooie  Hartog,  418  D.  F. ;  Durkje  Veeman,  478  D.  F.    Milk  8490 

Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

DUSTY,  6536  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  1158  Ibs.  1  month,  P. 
DUTCH  GIRL,  437  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
DUTY,  8696  H.    Imp.    Milk  36  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  7792  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  year,  P. 
DUYNTJE  KOOPMAN,  8229  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  432  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 

EADBUKGH  S,  8573  H.    Crown  Prince  3d,  625  H. ;  American  Girl,  902  H.    Milk  8158  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
EALINE,  2057  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

EARLY  DAWN,  3547  H.  F.    Pell  2d,  327  D.  F. ;  Pauline  3d,  425  D.  F.    Milk  9903  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  year,  P. 
EARLY  SUNRISE,  14164  H.  F.    Duke  of  Woodrid,  3461  H.  F. ;  Early  Dawn,  5347  H.  F.    Milk  7755  Ibs.  1 

year,  P. 

EASTER  MAID,  4511  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,539  Ibs.  9  months  38  days,  P. 

EBBA,  13518  H.  F.    Nannette's  Ondit,  839  H.  F. ;  Heliotrope,  353  H.    Milk  625  Ibs.  10  oz.  19  days,  P. 
EBOLI,  8078  H.    Imp.    Butter  35  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ECHO,  121  H.    Rip  Van  Winkle,  35  H. ;  Crown  Princess,  6  H.    Milk  83  Ibs.  1  day,  33,775  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

year,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ECHO  2o,  1355  H.    Mahomet,  389  H. ;  Echo,  121  H.    Milk  67  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  9230  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months. 

P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 

ECHO  3D,  2189  H.    Mahomet,  289  H. ;  Echo.  121  H.    Milk  73  Ibs.  1  day,  2116  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  month,  P. 
ECHO  4TH,  3599  H.    Prince  of  Wayne  2d,  736  H. ;  Echo,  121  H.    Milk  9608  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  P. 
EDGING  S,  8577  H.    Bristol,  927  H. ;  Molly  S,  3055  H.    Milk  9288  Ibs.  9  months  27  days,  A.R. 
EDINA,  3798  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,991  Ibs.  4  oz.  9  months  19  days.  A.R. 
EDINA  SD,  10,315  H.  F.    Haywood  738  H.  F.;  Edina  3798  H.    Milk  10,120  Ibs.  1  year,  A.R.     Butter 

12  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
EDITH,  721  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
EDITH  GRAY,  4537  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
EDITH  PRESCOTT,  2708  H.    Imp.    Milk  9730  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R. 
EDITH  PRESCOTT  2o,  1127  H.  F.    Admiral,  1648  H.;    Edith  Prescott,  2708  H.    Milk  384  Ibs.  12  oz.  10 

days,  A.R.    Butter  10  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
EDMA,  8432  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
EDNA,  1490  D.  F.  Fritz,  293  F.  H.  B.;  Frouwkje,  1282  F  H.  B.  Milk 67  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  P.;  17,855  Ibs. 

10  months,  A.  R. 

EDNAH,  6104  H.  F.    Promoter,  1518  H. ;  Metamora,  8433  H.    Milk  10,575  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  year,  P. 
EDWEWA  8921  H.    Imp.     Milk  38  Ibs.  1  day,  6733  Ibs.  6  oz.  11  months  9  days.  P. 
EDWINA  2D's  ROSE,  10673  H.   F.    Prince  of  Rose,  1429  H.  F.;  Edwina  3d,  1766  H.  F.     Milk  62  Ibs.  4 

oz.  1  day,  5012  Ibs.  3  months,  A.R.    Butter  17  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 


MILK   AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  331 

EDWINNA,  6983  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

EEFJE,  5085  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

EEKE  3d,  1737  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  534  Ibs.  2  oz.  10  days,  A.  R. 

EFFIE  DEANS,  1284  H.    Imp.    Milk  47  Ibs.  1  day,  11,085  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

EGBERTA,  6897  H.    Imp.    Milk  (5837  Ibs.  12  oz.  8  months  13  days,  P. 

EGILONA  S,  8578  H.    Bobbie,  928  H.  ;  Abby,  586  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  8910  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 

EIGHTH  MAID  OF  TWISK,  324  D.  F.    2d  Maid  of  Twisk,  26  M.  R.  ;    Dick  Swivler,  35  M.  R.    Milk  60  Ibs. 

I  day,  P. 

EILIE,  7709  H.  F.    Jonge  Carre,  2305  H.;  Zwart  Bonte  Truitje,  4133  H.    Milk  1615  Ibs.  14  oz.  2 

months  12  days,  P. 

EKE,  2865  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
EKSTER,  661  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,227  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
EKSTER  2n,  1543  H.    Johannis,  428  H.  ;  Ekster,  661  H.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
EKSTER  2o  A,  2437  H.  F.    Clarion,  870  H.  ;  Ekster  2d,  1543  H.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
EKSTER  3o  B,  9121  H.  F.  Clarion,  870  H.;  Ekster  2d,  1543  H.  Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  7874  Ibs.  11  months  6 

days,  P. 
EKSTER  3D  A,  9123  H.  F.     Hilda's  Empire,  3562  H.  ;  Ekster,  3d,  8480  H.     Milk  35  Ibs.  1   day,  8,501  Ibs. 

3  months.  P. 

EKSTER  3o  B,  14249  H.  F.    Copia's  Empire,  3539  H.  ;  Ekster  3d,  8480  H.      Milk  4634  Ibs.  11  months,  P. 
EKSTER  4TH,  8481  H.    Johannis  428  H.  ;  Ekster,  661  H.     Milk  7070  Ibs.  11  mouths  4  days,  P. 
EKSTER  4TH  A  ,  14250  H.  F.     Clarion  870  H.  ;  Ekster  4th,  8481  H      Milk  4056  Ibs.  10  months  11  days,  P. 
ELEANOR,  2710  H.    Imp.     Milk  7093  Ibs.  8  oz  10  months  28  days,  P. 
ELEANOR  R,  6340  H.  F.    Netherland  Convoy,  2934  H.  ;  Bonzilla,  6936  H.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  1871  Ibs. 

30  days,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ELGEE,  8186  H.    Neptune,  711  H.;  Satinet  te,  2885  H.    Milk  54  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  8916  Ibs.  7  months  20 

days,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

ELGERSMA,  1934  D.  F.    Simon;  Dieuwke.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1  day.  14,616  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
ELGIN  BELLE,  4640  H.    Imp.    Milk  74  Ibs.  1  day,  20,109  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  31  Ibs.  9  oz.  7 

days,  100  Ibs.  6  oz  30  days,  A.R. 

ELGIN  BELLE  2o,  8292  H.    Imp.    Butter  18  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 

ELGIN  GIRL  3o,  1787  H.  F.    Jan  Wit,  2524  H.  ;  Elgin  Girl,  4675  H.     Milk  42  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
ELITE,  20843  H.  F.    Seer,  5027  H.  F.  ;  Latima,  8161  H.    Milk  5441  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  P. 
ELIZA,  6102  H.    Imp.    Milk  32  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ELIZABETH,  724  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  69  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ELLA,  122  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,850  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
ELLA  ALEXANDER,  1181  H.    Imp.    Milk  74  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ELLA  ARTIS,  4848  H.  F.    Artis,  127  Neth.:  Theodora,  3760  Neth.    Milk  66:30  Ibs.  4  oz.  6  months  27 

days,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

ELLA  MCKINNEY,  5403  H.    Imp.    Milk  67  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ELLEN,  9286  H.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ELLERBROCK  2o,  3652  H.  F.    Millerndederde,  3643  H.;  Ellerbrock,  8104  H.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day,  23,616 

Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

ELLIDA,  3133  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ELLIE,  4023  H     Imp.     Milk  2946  Ibs.  10  oz.  2  months,  P. 
ELOTSE  OF  ISLIP,  10296  H.  F.     Milk  30  qts.  1  day,  P. 

ELSE,  1848  D.  F.    Tell,  128  P.  R.  ;  Vellinga,  362  P.  R.     Milk  9245  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P. 
ELSIE  ARTIS,  4518  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  P.  ;  12,407  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year,  A.R.     Butter  10  Ibs. 

II  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

ELSIE  CHESTER,  4370  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  P.  ;  1667  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 

ELSIE  S,  3054  H.    Jubilee,  276  H.  ;  Carrie,  583  H.     Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  1923  Ibs.  11  months  25  days,  P. 

ELSPIE,  817  H.     Fourth  Prince  of  Orange,  246  H.  ;  Leah  3d,  815  H      Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ELTJE.  2805  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ELTONA,  288  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  11,906  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  10  oz.  1 

day,  35  Ibs.  3  oz.  14  days,  P. 
ELVINA,  7826  H.    Imp.    Milk  39  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ELVIRA,  3179  H.    Jmp.     Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ELKJE  2o,  3527  H.  F.     Hague,  104  D.  F.  ;  Elkje,  172  D.  F.     Milk  74  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  P. 
EMA  ABBEKERK,  9606  H.    Imp.    Milk  HO  Ibs.  1  day,  755  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 

EMBLEM  2o,  2625  H.  F.  Bounce,  873  H.  ;  Emblem,  1858  H.  Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  1538  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  month,  P. 
EMERALD,  559  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H.  ;  Lady  Fisher,  355  H.    Milk  31  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
EMMA,  327  D.  F.    Imp.     Milk  83  Ibs.  1  day,  400  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
EMMA  2o,  1143  H.    Schuyler.  :338  H.  ;  Emma,  289  H.     Milk  86  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
EMMA  DE  KOL,  20203  H.  F.     De  Kol  2d's  Prince,  2767  H.  F.  ;  Maartje  van  Kampen,  739  H.  F.    Milk  14 

Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P.  ;  55  Ibs.  11  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 

EMMA  J,  10050  H.     Barrington,  2103  H.  ;  Jessie  B,  5173  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
EMMA  J  NEPTUNE,  9417  H.  F.    Neptune  Jr.,  1916  H.  ;  Emma  J,  10,050  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
EMMA  OF  SHADELAND,  2413  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
EMMA  OF  SHADELAND  3o,  10783  H.  F.    Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H.;  Emma  of  Shadeland,  2413  H. 

Milk  8239  Ibs.  2  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 

EMMA  POSCH,  741  H.  F.     Bismarck,  224  Neth  ;  Emma  2d,  4251  Neth,     Milk  46  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
EMMA  POSCH  2o,  4610  H.  F.    Emma  Posch,  741  H.     Butter  18  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
EMOGENE  TWISK,  8636  H.  F.    Mooie  Twisk,  85  D.  F.;  Hiltje  Kuperus,  34  M.  R.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
EMPORIA,  4165  H.    Joe,  1002  H.  ;  Empress,  539  H.     Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
EMPRESS,  196  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  19,714  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P. 
EMPRESS,  539  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  108  Ibs.  1  day,  2276  Ibs.  8  oz.  31  days,  P. 
EMPRESS  JOSEPHINE,  429  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  P.  ;  10,119  Ibs.  12  oz.  4  months  19  days, 

A.R.     Butter  25  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days.  A.R. 
EMPRESS  JOSEPHINE  2o,  1783  D.  F.    Roeloff,  179  D.  F.  ;   Empress  Josephine,    429  D.  F.    Milk  60  Ibs. 

1  day,  504  Ibs.  10  oz.  10  days,  P. 
EMPRESS  JOSEPHINE  3o,  1995  H.  F.    Major  Pel,  2763  H.  ;  Empress  Josephine,  429  D  F.     Milk  89  Ibs 

5  oz.  1  day,  862  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  days,  A.R.     Butter  31  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
EMPRESS  JOSEPHINE  3o's  GERBEN,  22729  H.  F.    Consul  Gerben,  4304  H.  F.:  Empress  Josephine  3d 

1995  H.  F.     Milk  48  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
EMPRESS  JOSEPHINE  4th,  4405  H.  F.    Major  Pel,  2763  H.  ;  Empress  Josephine,  429  D.  F.     Milk  57  Ibs. 


. 

10  oz.  1  day,  601  Ibs.  2  oz.  10  days,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
EMPRESS  OF  ONDINE,  1041  H.  F.    Empire,  588  H.;  Onyx,  1066  H.    Milk 


43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


ENCHANTRESS,  884  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  1505  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

ENCHANTRESS  2o,  3489  H.    Ebbo,  236  H. ;  Enchantress,  884  H.    Milk  95  Ibs.  1  day,  1026  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

ENGLEWOOD  S,  8531  H.    Prince  Neptune,  2093  H. ;  Dorinda  S,  3763  H.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  7864  Ibs. 

9  months  26  days,  A.R. 
ENSENORE,  4512  H.    Porcelain,  142  Neth.;  Powele,  564  Neth.    Milk  816  Ibs  12  oz.  10  days,  17,864  Ibs. 

14  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 

EOLA,  9140  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
ERADNE,  8446  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,347  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
ERIE  BELLE  2D,  18812  H.  F.    Tecumseh  Witzyde,  5967  H.  F. ;  Erie  Belle,  1008  D.  F.    Milk  59  Ibs.  1 

day,  8933  Ibs.  237  days,  P. 

ERINA,  1848  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,085  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

ERIX  2o,  6711  H.  F.    Alveri,  3158  H. ;  Erix,  6786  H.    Butter  11  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ERMINA,  2278  H.    Imp.    Milk  78  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ERMINE  OP  SEA  SIDE,  3910  H.  F.    Second  Duke  of  Ashley,  1426  H.;  Lady  Berkley,  6139  H.    Milk  18 

qts.  1  day,  P. 

ERNESTA,  3700  H.    Imp.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  1650  Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
ESCHJE,  1708  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  83  Ibs.,  P. 

ESCONE,  7292  H.  F.    Tobin,  2268  H. ;  Tzereifa,  5503  H.    Butter  15  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ESEL,  2505  H.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ESSENCE,  7137  H.    Gortus,  643  H. ;  Iris  2d,  660  H.    Milk  47  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
ESSENCE  2o,  9678  H.  F.    Flora  Clifden's  Mercedes  Prince,  3545  H. ;  Essence,  7137  H.    Milk  3684  Ibs.  4 

oz.  3  months,  A.R.    Butter  12  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

ESTHER,  1026  H.    Egmont,  89  H. ;  Duchess  of  Holstein,  8  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ESTHER  ABBEKERK,  4483  H.  F.  •  Abbekerk,  206  Neth. ;  Christine,  1512  Neth.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day. 
ESTHER  ALEXANDER,  4406  H.    Imp.    Milk  86  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  1867  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
ETELKA,  1431  H.    Banjo,  564  H. ;  Abba,  872  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  9  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ETHEL,  905  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  10,262  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P. 
ETHELKA,  1208  H.    Imp.    Milk  101  Ibs.  1  day,  18,137  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  year,  P. 
ETHELKA  PRINCESS,  3897  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  Artis,  4418  H. ;   Ethelka  3d,  4817  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

day,  900  Ibs.  11  months  15  days,  P. 
ETHLENE,  5118  H.    Imp.    Milk  83  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ETIENETTE,  5117  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 


ETONA,  1006  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ETTA,  876  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 


EULA  LEE,  1846  H .  Imp.  Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  867  Ibs.  1  oz.  8  months  25  days,  P. 
EUNICE,  291  H.  Kossuth,  119  H. ;  Grand  Duchess,  10  H.  Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
EUNICE  CLAY,  1007  H.  F.  Lord  of  Cornwall,  3429  H.;  Emma  Clay,  1588  H.  Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

Butter  23  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 

EUNICE  MIDWOULD,  1486  H.  F.    Walter  Scott,  606  H. ;  Eunice,  291  H.    Miik  46  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
EUSEBIA,  9289  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  P. 
EUSEBIS  2o,  9487  H.    Imp.    Butter  20  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
EUTOPIA,  8933  H.    Imp     Milk  68  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 

EVADNE,  5005  H.    Imp.    Milk  9376  Ibs.  5  oz.  10  months  15  days,  A  R.     Butter  24  Ibs.  9  oz,  7  days,  A.R. 
EVALENAOP  SHADELAND  2D,  8601  H.    Shadeland  Duke,  1693  H.;   Evalena  of  Shadeland,  2411  H. 

Milk  373  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  P. 
EVALENA  OF  SHADELAND  3o,  6043  H.  F.    Shadeland  Monarch,  2570  H.;  Evalena  of  Shadeland,  2411 

H.    Milk  373  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
EVALENA  OP  SHADELAND  4TH,  10764  H.  F.    Shadeland  Monarch,  2570  H. :  Evalena  of  Shadeland,  2411 

H.    Milk  7063  Ibs.  8  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 

EVAS  ILIAS,  17075  H.  P.    Mazda,  2672  H. ;  Ilfas  Bonne,  5369  H.    Butter  18  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
EVELYN  S,  3977  H.    Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
EVENTJE  2o,  3300  H.    Imp.    Milk  25  qts.  1  day,  422  Ibs.  6  oz.  10  days,  P. 
EVERTJE,  1498  D.  F.    Heeg,  141  F.  H.  B. ;  Akke,  849  F.  H.  B.    Milk  67  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
EXCELLENTJE  2o,  1365  H.  F.    Jacob  Wit,  2662  Neth. ;   Excellence,  9182  H.     Milk  21  qts.  1  day,  P. 
EXCELSIOR'S  BARONESS,  9944  H.    Excelsior,  266  Neth.;  Ham,  1090  Neth.    Milk  60  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day, 

13,831  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  15  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
EXCELSIOR'S  DUCHESS,  9938  H.    Imp.    Milk  8392  Ibs.  11  months,  P. 
EXCELSIOR'S  LADY,  9940  H.    Imp.    Milk  9783  Ibs.  1  oz.  10  months  11  days,  P. 
EXCELSIOR'S  MARQUISE,  9939  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,842  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  year,  P. 

EXCELSIOR'S  PRINCESS,  9941  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,301  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
EXCELSIOR'S  PRINCESS  2o,  3180  H.  F.    Prince  Imperial,  1164  H. ;  Excelsior's  Princess,  9941  H.    Butter 

10  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

EXECUTRIX,  4410  H.    Imp.    Milk  16,587  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  86  Ibs.  13  oz. 

30  days,  A.R. 
EXECUTRIX  2o,  1591  H.  F.    Prince  Imperial,  1164  H.;  Executrix,  4401  H.    Milk  9069  Ibs.  13  oz.  11 

months,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
EXECUTRIX  NETHERLAND,  4942  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Executrix,  4401  H.    Milk  10,299  Ibs.  10 

oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  16  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
EXQUISITE  2o,  1811  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  7800  Ibs.  14  oz.  6  months  13  days,  P. 

FABIOLA,  2717  H.    Imp.    Milk  67  Ibs.  1  day,  6239  Ibs.  8  oz.  6  months  14  days,  P. 

FADETTA,  2718  H.    Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  1143  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

FADHA  S,  2559  H.  F.    Bobbie,  928  H. ;  Dairy  Maid,  610  H.    Milk  9632  Ibs.  10  months  21  days,  P. 

FADLADINIDA  S,  2097  H.  F.    Bobbie,  928  H.;  Amanda  Gwynedd,  1669  H.    Milk  8899  Ibs.  11  months 

11  days,  P. 

FAIRALL  A,  511  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  17  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

FAIR  BLOSSOM,  4431  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

FAIRMONT  PRIDE,  3157  H.  F.    Jacob,  608  H.;  Orphia,  2851  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

FAIR  PENITENT  S,  2144  H.  F.    Violet  King,  4210  H.;  Thistledown,  7890  H.    Milk  8574  Ibs.  11  months 

13  days,  P. 
FAIRSTAR  S,  209  H.  F.    Joe  S,  1592  H. ;  Constance  S,  3057  H.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  10,428  Ibs.  11  months 

8  days,  P. 

FAIR  VIEW,  2719  H.    Imp.    Milk  49  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  6625  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
FAIRY,  295  H.    Imp.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  9957  Ibs.  8  oz.  335  days,  P. 
FAIRY  BELLE,  1849  H.    Imp.    Milk  46  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  9754  Ibs.  10  oz.  11  months,  P. 
FAIRY  S,  2139  H.  F.    Violet  Prince,  4209  H. ;  Cinora,  6744  H.    Milk  8784  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 


MILK   AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  333 

FAIRY  VENUS,  5099  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  Artis,  4418  H. ;  Venus  4th,  3753  H.    Butter  14  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P 
FANCHETTE,  5380  H.    Pel,  122  F.  H.  B.;  Birdaarder,  755  F.  H.  B.    Milk  33  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  P. 
FANCHONETTE  LINCOLN,  i0032  H.    Imp.    Milk  8019  Ibs  1  oz.  8  months  15  days,  P. 
FANCIFUL,  10146  H.    David,  222  F.  H.  B. ;  MooK  202  F.  H.  B.    Milk  37  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  8844  Ibs.  4  oz. 

1  year,  P.    Butter  10  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

FANNELL,  684  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day.  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day.  P. 
FANNIEBELL,  52  H.  F.    Jacob,  215  Neth.;  Sara,  2931  Neth.     Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
FANNIE  CLARK,  8394  H.  F.    Prins  Midlum,  2439  H.;  Betje  Havinga,  4076  H.    Milk  1377  Ibs.  12  oz.  1 

month  4  days. 
FANNIE  DAW,  3430  H.  F.    Billy  Bawn,  3087  H.;  Marjorie  Daw  3d,  5577  H.    Milk  43  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day, 

11.132  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P. 

FANNY,  760  H.    Bishop,  190  H.;  Alma  2d,  240  H.    Butter  12  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 
FANNY  ARTIS,  4850  H.  F.    Artis.  127  Neth. ;  Ariaantje,  1326  Neth.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  10,040  Ibs. 

14  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 
FANNY  FERN,  1289  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
FANNY  FERN  2o,  1481  H.    Imp.    Milk  6445  Ibs  7  months  11  days,  P. 
FANNY  OGDEN,  4430  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days. 
FANSJE,  6032  H.    Imp.     Milk  11,656  Ibs.  9  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

FANSJE  2o,  9052  H.  F.  Patrol,  864  H. ;  Fansje,  6032  H.  Milk  61  lbs.5  oz.  1  day,  13,923  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year,  P. 
FANTIBEL  SCHAGEN,  7253  H.  Imp.  Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

FARMING-TON  BELLE,  294  D.  F.    Roscoe,  334  H. ;  Antje,  233  P.  R.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
FASHION,  946  H.    Imp.     Milk  37  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  9427  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P. 
FATINA,  5535  H.    Snow  Boy,  2046  H.;  Maid  of  Mayfield,  5531  H.     Milk  1220  Ibs.  1  month,  P. 
FATINITZA,  2723  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  14,368  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
FATINITZA  2o,  2724  H.    Imp.     Milk  11,793  Ibs.  13  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  9  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
FATINITZA  4TH,  1703  H.  F.    Compeer,  209  H. ;  Fatinitza,  2723  H.     Milk  8955  Ibs.  6  oz.  9  months,  P. 

Butter  10  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 

FAW  S,  2099  H.  F.    Joe  S,  1592  H. ;  Elsie  S,  3054  H.     Milk  47  Ibs.  1  day,  10,205  Ibs.  11  months  23  days,  P. 
FEA  S,  2146  H.  F.    Prince  David,  2076  H  :  Annie  Wood,  244  H.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
FEDELLA,  1410  H.  F.    Cossack.  2008  H. ;  Harriet,  2456  H.    Milk  10,405  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year.  P. 
FEDORA,  5893  H.    Imp.    Milk  99  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

FEDORA  BELLE,  6514  H.    Kurl,  1243  H. ;  Frankie  Belle,  2482  H.    Milk  655  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 
FEKSTRA  2o,  4541  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
FELICITY,  878  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

FENELLA  S,  2102  H.  F.     Bobbie,  928  H. ;  Kathrin,  510  H.     Milk  10,261  Ibs.  10  months.  P. 
FERN.  883  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  1980  Ibs.  30  days,  P.     Butter  17  Ibs.  7  days,  64  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
FERN  SIDE,  2660  H.  F.    Norfolk,  1701  H.;  Schuurmairs  Pert,  5851  H.     Milk  49  ll-s.  1  day,  2526  Ibs.  60 

days,  P. 

FERONIA,  7175  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,345  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 
FETJE,  3702  H.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day. 
FETJE  HEIDERBIOESEM,  4082  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

FETNAB  S,  2103  H.     Bobbie,  928  H. ;  Bessie  Gwynedd,  1668  H.     Milk  9668  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
FEZON  S,  2106  H.  F.     Bobbie,  928  H. ;  Zopha,  1 176  H.     Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  8642  Ibs.  11  months  22  days,  P. 
FIAMETTA  S,  2410  H.  F.    Hindoo,  2649  H. ;   Lurancy,  6137  H.    Milk  49  Ibs.  1  day,  1334  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
FIB  S,  2141  H.  F.     Hindoo,  2649  H. ;  Gulnare,  6119  H.     Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  1181  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
FIDELIA  OF  SHADELAND,  2408  H.    Imp.    Milk  3255  Ibs.  4  oz.  2  months,  P. 
FIDELIA  ROL,  5708  H.    Imp.    Milk  400  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
FIDES,  126  H.    Imp.     Milk  86  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

FIDES  S,  2105  H.  F.     Prince  Neptune,  2093  H. ;  Drusilla  S,  3764  H.     Milk  8610  Ibs.  1  year.  P. 
FIDESSA  S,  2143  H.  F.    Bonny,  3070  H. ;  Cormorend.  6358  H.    Milk  1 1,228  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
FIELD  SIGHT  2o,  3297  H.    Imp.    Milk  74  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
FIELD  SIGHT  3D,  3298  H.    Imp.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

FIDGETY,  5204  H.  F.  Neptune  Jr.,  1916  H. ;  Geertrui,  3332  H.  Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  1900  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
FIDGETY  2o,  14994  H.  F.  ZymePs  Barrington,  1841  H  F. ;  Fidgety,  5204  H.  F.  Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
FILIA  S,  2145  H.  F.  Clovis,  3303  H. ;  Charline,  6845  H.  Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  7204  Ibs.  9  months  26 

days,  A.R. 

FINESSE,  298  H.    Imp.    Milk  87  Ibs.  1  day.  17,337  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P. 

FINESSE  2D,  561  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H. ;  Finesse,  298  H.    Milk  12,893  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  P. 
FINETTA  S,  2107  H.  F.    Oswald,  3331  H. ;  Gomora,  7236  H.     Milk  7738  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
FLATTERY.  14158  H.  F.    Tell,  128  D.  F  :  Gallia,  5794  H.     Milk  6700  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  year,  P. 
FLAVONA,  7766  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  2722  Ibs.  2  months,  P. 
FLIPPANTA  S,  2148  H.  F.    Violet  Prince,  4209  H.;  Vitesse,  6127  H.     Milk  36  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
FLOCKHEART  S.  2111  H.  F.    Bristol,  297  H. ;  Modjeska,  407  H.    Milk  11,821  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
FLORA  2o,  129  H.     Imp.    Milk  9176  Ibs.  296  days,  P. 
FLORABEL,  1762  H.    Imp.     Milk  62  Ibs.  2  oz.   1  day,  P. ;   15,597  Ibs.  10  oz.  A.R.      Butter  17  Ibs.  1  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 
FLORA  CLIFDEN'S  MERCEDES,  1001  H.  F.    Mercedes  Prince,  2150  H. ;  Flora  Clifden,  2468  H.    Milk  35 

Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  325  Ibs.  13  oz.  10  days,  A.R.     Butter  12  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
FLORA  FAIRFAX,  4733  H.     Khan,  1144  H. ;  Belle  Fairfax,  1117  H.     Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
FLORA  KONING,  18  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
FLORAL,  1854  H.    Imp.     Milk  8697  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  P. 

FLORANTHA  S,  2110  H  F.     Netherland  Courtier,  2474  H. ;  Baltina,  7217  H.     Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 
FLORDELICI  S,  2112  H.  F.    Joe  S,  1592  H. ;  Fondling,  7889  H.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  8749  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
FLORENCE  HERBERT,  3093  H.    Hugo  269  H. ;    Wittof ,  675  H.    Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,   13,163  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

Butter  27  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  A.R. ;  101  Ibs.  7  oz.  30  days.  P. 

FLORENCE  REED,  2999  H.  F.     Lord's  Jumbo,  1588  H. :  Jenny  Reed,  712  H.     Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
FLORENTENA,  3357  H.    Lord  LeBaron,  528  H. ;    Index,  987  H.      Milk  431  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P.     Butter 

23  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

FLORETTA,  915  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
FLORIDA,  5121  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day. 

FLOSSY  DILL,  11070  H.  F.    Pierre  1348  H. ;   Tygerin  Pyzn  5693  H.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
FLY  AWAY,  2792  H.  F.    1st  Duke  of  Oneida,  189  D.  F.:  Zuidma,  180  D.  F.    Milk  46  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. 
FONDLING,  7889  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,009  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

FOREST  MAID,  4421  H.    Imp.     Milk  64  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  2130  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
FOUNTAIN,  953  H.    Imp.     Milk  8227  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P. 
FOXIE,  2732  H.    Imp.    Milk  34  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day;  6260  Ibs.  15  oz.  9  months  21  days,  P. 


334  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

FOZINA,  3195  H.    Imp.    Milk  595  Ibs.  10  days,  11,968  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months  19  days,  A.R. 

FRAGRANT,  10152  H.    Imp.    Milk  47  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  12,618  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  9  Ibs.  13  oz.  7 

FRANC,*886  H.    Imp.    Milk  32  Ibs.  1  day,  10,000  Ibs.  10  months  P. 

FRANCES,  1887  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  P. 

FRANCESCA,  5354  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  10,096  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

FRANCISCA,  578  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

FRANKIE  BELLE.  2482  H.    Tom  Karl,  1009  H  ;  Geske,  317  H.    Milk  608  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  days,  P. 

FRANKJE,  88  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

FRANSKJE,  7094  H.    Imp.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

FRAU,  131  H.    Imp.    Milk  1021  Ibs.  1  month,  P. 

FRAU  2o,  303  H.    Prince  of  Orange,  138  H. ;  Frau,  131  H.    Milk  7916  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

FRAU  5th,  1436  H.    Crown  Prince,  80  H. ;  Frau  2d,  303  H.    Milk  1779  Ibs.  4  oz.  30  days,  P.    Butter  17 

Ibs  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 

FRAULEIN,  9  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  8588  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

FREDERIKA  2o,  5443  H.    Saul  1435  H. ;  Frederika,  2255  H.    Milk  6485  Ibs.  10  months  15  days,  P. 
FRENBSTA,  3530  H.  F.    International  Prince,  4600  H.;   Maas  Nymph,  10401  H.  F.    Milk  40  Ibs.  4  oz. 

1  day,  P.,  8590  Ibs.  6  oz.  10  months,  P. 
FRESCOE,  761  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
FRET,  6476  H.    Imp.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

FRIEDA,  306  H.     Imp.    Milk  16.076  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  6  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
FRIESIN  2o,  2927  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  73  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 

FRIESLAND  MAID.  1624  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  2153  Ibs.  31  days,  P. 
FRIESLAND  QUEEN,  3274  H.    Imp.    Milk  34  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
FROLIC,  2342  H.    Burly,  394  H. ;  Dewdrop,  960  H.    Milk  52  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  8160  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year, 

A.R.    Butter  10  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A  R. 

FROLICSOME,  879  H.    Imp.    Milk  79  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  8404  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  year.    Butter  13  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
FRONAH,  10174  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  clay,  P. 
FROUKJE,  5494  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
FYRA  BEAUTY,  1525  H.  F.    Mazda,  2672  H. ;  Beauty  Zwaan,  249  H.    Milk  72  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  19,027 

Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

GAASTRA,  637  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  529  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 

GAASTRA  2o,  9608  H.  F.     Hamilton,  686  D.  F. ;  Gaastra,  637  D.  F.     Milk  7031  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months. 
GAASTRA  3o,  19813  H.  F.    Hamilton,  686  D.  F. ;  Gaastra,  637  D.  F.    Milk  7750  Ibs.  8  months  10  days.  A.R. 
GABRETTA  S,  5278  H.  F.    Netherland  Courtier,  2474  H  ;    Valley  Queen,  851  H.     Milk  9518  Ibs.  1 

year,  P. 

GABRIELLE,  792  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GABRIELLE  2o,  4849  H.    Joe  Jefferson,  273  H. ;  Gabrielle,  792  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
GABRIELLE  S,  5277  H.  F.    Cornells,  563  Neth. ;  Diewertje,  2020  Neth.    Milk  9274  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
GABRINA,  6890  H.    Imp.    Milk  13,131  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  13  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 
GABRINA  2o,  1590  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  2d  of  Aaggie,  1451  H.;  Gabrina,  6890  H.    Butter  10  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
GALATEA,  308  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  8247  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  P. 
GALATIA  2o,  4588  H.  F.    King  Estmere,  4255  H. ;  Galatia,  9565  H.    Milk  39  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
GALERANA  S,  5281  H.  F.    Cornelis,  563  Neth. ;   Langedyk,  2030  H.  F.    Milk  7245  Ibs.  9  monthsv  25 

days,  A.R. 

GALIANA  S,  5282  H.  F.    Rembrandt  2d,  620  Neth. ;  Maartje,  2027  H.  F.    Milk  9094  Ibs.  1  year. 
GALLIA,  5794  H.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  14.222  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P. 

GALLICUA  S,  5284  H.  F.    Prince  David,  2076  H. ;  Vineta,  473  H.  Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  1148  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
GAMBIA,  7202  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,379  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P. 
GANDIOSA  S,  5289  H.  F.    Prince  Neptune,  2093  H.;  Jennry  Jones,  6112  H.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  1211 

Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
GARGANELLA,  5287  H.  F.    Netherland  Courtier,  2474  H. ;  Joel  6128  H.    Milk  39  Ibs.  1  day,  108  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 
GARRETTY  3o,  13455  H.  F.    Washington  Mahomet,  3857  H.  F.;   Garretty,  9035  H.    Butter  10  Ibs.  11 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
GAWREYS,  5290  H.  F.    Prince  Neptune,   2093  H.;  Orbona,  7203  H.    Milk  33  Ibs  1  day;    990  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 

GAYNESHA,  1928  D.  F.    Johan;  Klaske.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  13,423  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
GAYETY,  8093  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GAZELLE.  312  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day;  6188  Ibs.  260  days.  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
GAZELLITA,  7532  H.  F.    No- No,  4076  H. ;  Gaznel,  8940  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P. 
GEBKE  (OTIS),  2135  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,000  Ibs.  1  year.    Butter  16  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 
GEDDES  GIRL,  2735  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GEELE,  1508  D.  F.    Carre,  255  F.  H.  B. ;  Trijntje,  448  F.  H.  B.    Milk  51  Ibs.  on  grass,  P. 
GEERTJE,  313  H.    Imp.    Milk  83  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. 
GEERTRUDE  Nico,  6720  H.    Imp.    Butter  19  Ibs.  7  days  A.R. 
GEERTRUI,  3332  H.  F.    Pieter,  209  Neth. ;  Geertrui,  3934  Neth.    Milk  71  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  1996  Ibs.  8  oz . 

7  days,  P. 

GEERTRUIDA  NIENHUIS,  4091  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs  1  day,  P. 
GKERT  VAN  DIEPEN,  6018  H.    Imp.    Milk  79  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. ;   12,188  Ibs.  11  oz.  9  months  27  days, 

A.R. 

GEESJE,  5916  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  73  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
GELDERTJE,  11612  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  20,138  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  7 

days,  P. 

GELSCHE,  173  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  100  Ibs.  1  day,  22,863  Ibs.  1  year,  A.R. 
GELSKE,  715  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  P. 
GELUK,  3226  H.    Imp.    Milk  &3  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
GENESTA,  9566  H.    Artis,  127  Neth.;  De  Goede,  606  Neth.    Milk  8076  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  months.    Butter  24 

Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days. 
GENESTA  2o,  4592  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  of  Maplewood,  2933  H.;  Genesta,  9566  H.    Milk  78  Ibs.  10  oz.  1 

day.    Butter  51  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  23  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
GENESTA  ECHO,  7603  H.  F.    Echo's  Prince  of  Wayne,  31  H.  F. ;  Genesta,  95(iG  H.    Milk  53  Ibs.  10  oz. 

1  day,  5138  Ibs.  1  oz.  6  months,  P. 
GENOVEFA  S,  5292  H.  F.    Netherland  Courtier,  2474  H. ;  Antjeal,  517  H.    Milk  39  Ibs.  1  day,  7811  Ibs. 

10  months.  P. 


MILK   AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  335 

GENTLE  ANNIE,  135  H.  Elswout,  94  H. ;  Jufrou,  153  H.  Milk  9572  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year.  Butter  375  Ibs. 
1  year,  P. 

GENTLE  MAID,  672  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  12,903  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P. 

GENTLE  MAID  2o,  1160  H.  Ebbo,  236  H. ;  Gentle  Maid,  672  H.  Milk  8884  Ibs.  11  oz.  8  months  26  days. 
P.  Butter  16  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

GEORGIA  OP  LYNWOOD,  6787  H.    Imp.    Milk  56  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  5923  Ibs.  13  oz.  4  months,  P. 

GEORGIE,  944  H.  Imp.  Milk  76  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  13,209  Ibs.  9  oz.  343  days,  P.  Butter  21  Ibs.  15  oz.  7 
days,  63  Ibs.  4  oz.  21  days,  A.R. 

GEORGIE  2o,  3549  H.  Burly,  394  H. ;  Georgie,  944  H.  Milk  54  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  9680  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year, 
P.  Butter  13  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

GEORGIE  2o's  AAGGIE,  5385  H.  F.  Royal  Aaggie,  3463  H. ;  Georgie  2d,  3549  H.  Butter  17  Ibs.  9  oz.  7 
days,  A  R. 

GEORGIE  3o,  6623  H.  Burly,  394  H. ;  Georgie,  944  H.  Milk  77  Ibs.  1  day,  15,370  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 
Butter  19  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

GEORGIE  CLAY,  1350  H.  F.    Lord  of  Cornwall,  3429  H. ;  Belle  Clay,  1052  H. 

GERBEN  2o,  18677  H.  F.  Chief  of  Maple  Hill,  1674  H.  F.;  Gerben,  5562  H.  Milk  39  Ibs.  1  day.  But- 
ter 32  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

GERBEN  4th,  1080  D.  F.  Gerben,  7  F.  H.  B.;  Gerben  3d.  250  F.  H.  B.  Milk  77  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  13,570 
Ibs.  4  oz.  8  months,  P.  Butter  32  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 

GERBIG,  3941  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GERDA,  5309  H.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  11,000  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 

GERDA  BAWN,  3996  H.  F.  Billy  Bawn,  3087  H. ;  Gerda,  5309  H.  Milk  6777  Ibs.  8  oz.  9  months  16  days, 
A.R. 

GERRITJE,  4252  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GERSTER,  1917  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1228  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

GERTJE,  8259  H.    Imp.    Milk  79  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P. 

GERTIE  ROOKER,  9879  H.     Imp.    Milk  7337  Ibs.  9  oz.  10  months,  P. 

GERT  MET  2o.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

GERTRUDE,  690  D.  F.  Caesar,  77  P.  R.;  Gretje,  221  M.  R.  Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day;  5440  Ibs.  90  days.  But- 
ter 76  Ibs.  30  days,  203  Ibs.  90  days,  P. 

GETA,  5288  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day. 

GETA  2o.    Griff,  1719  H. ;  Geta,  5288  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GEUKER  2o,  1776  D.  F.  Hobbema,  319  F.  H.  B. ;  Geuker,  2320  F.  H.  B.  Milk  8648  Ibs.  8  oz.  8  months 
1  day,  A.R.  Butter  11  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

GIANETTA,  3704  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GIFT,  2344  H.  Burly,  394  H. ;  Oatka,  945  H.  Milk  44  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  10,145  Ibs.  14  oz  1  year,  A.R. 
Butter  10  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

GIFT'S  AAGGIE,  4984  H.  F.  Royal  Aaggie,  3463  H. ;  Gift,  2344  H.  Milk  8638  Ibs.  9  months,  P.  But- 
ter 19  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

GILDIPPE  S,  5299  H.  F.    Imp.     Milk  37  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  7632  Ibs.  10  months  3  days,  A.R. 

GILLIAN  S,  5300  H.  F.  No  Shirk,  3561  H. ;  Nierda,  2007  H.  F.  Milk  38  Ibs.  1  day.  P. ;  9619  Ibs.  1  year,  A.R. 

GILT  EDGE,  2736  H.     Imp.     Milk  57  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  11,585  Ibs.  14  oz.  9  months  6  days,  P. 

GILT  EDGE  2o,  495  H.  F.  Captain  Daw,  2088  H. ;  Gilt  Edge,  2736  H.  Milk  39  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  7931 
Ibs.  6  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

GIPSEY  QUEEN,  1299  H.    Imp.    Milk  8377  Ibs.  14  oz.  10  months  27  days,  P. 

GITANA,  3166 II.    Imp.     Milk  72  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  12,156  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

GLADIOLA,  1865  H.     Imp.     Milk  46  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  3307  Ibs.  12  oz.  3  months,  P. 

GLADIS,  7957  H.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

GLAD  TIDINGS,  6869  H.    Imp.     Milk  12.325  Ibs^  1  year,  A  R.     Butter  1 1  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

GLANCE  S,  5303  H.  F.    No  Shirk,  3561  H.;  Meddo,  2113  H.     Milk  40  Ibs.  I  day;  9893  Ibs   1  year,  P. 

GLENARA,  1413  H.  F.     Cossack,  2008  H.;  Grisette,  2479  H.     Milk  5839  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months. 

GLENBURINE.  8788  H.     Imp.    Milk  20,138  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P. 

GLENDORA,  2737  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 

GLENEIDA  4TH,  5929  H.  F.    Viking,  2062  H. ;  Gleneida,  1397  H.     Milk  372  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 

GLORIA,  3811  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GODVIVA  S,  5304  H.  F.  No  Shirk,  3561  H. ;  Burger,  2028  H.  F.  Milk  37  Ibs.  1  day,  8520  Ibs.  9  months 
24  days,  P 

GOLD  FRINGE,  6673  H.  F.  Sir  Edwin  of  Aasrgie,  1861  H.;  Almet  of  Lynwood,  6778  H.  Milk  41  Ibs. 
14  oz.  1  day,  P. 

GOLDIE  KONING,  241  D.  F.  Paul  Hartog,  6  M.  R. ;  Katie  Koning,  40  M.  R.  Milk  64  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day, 
P. ;  1863  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  A.R.  Butter  20  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. ;  26  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 

GOLD  LEAF,  6547  H.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  519  Ibs.  11  oz.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  20  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days, 

GOMORA,  7236  H.    Imp.     Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  13,071  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

GONERIL  S,  5305  H.  F.    Joe  S,  1592  H. ;  Remmetji,  2012  H.  F.     Milk,  4957  Ibs.  4  months,  P. 

GOOD  CHEER,  4423  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GORI  PEL,  2246  H.  F.    Prince  of  Altijwerk,  178  D.  F. :  Pel  4th,  525  D.  F.     Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day. 

GORTER,  662  H.    Imp.    Milk 84  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  11,511  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R. 

GORTER  2o,  663  H.    Imp.     Milk  10,205  Ibs.  10  months. 

GORTER  2o  A,  1545  H.    Johannis,  428  H.:  Gorter  2d,  663  H.     Milk  7846  Ibs.  10  mouths,  P. 

GOULDINA,  8701  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,264  Ibs.  6  oz.  11  months,  P. 

GOVERNESS,  4371  H.     Imp.     Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day. 

GOVERS,  1809  Neth.    I<rp.     Milk  57  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

GRACE,  503  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GRACE  ANDOVER,  1046  H.    Dictator,  82  H  ;  Lady  Andover,  16  H.     Milk  85  Ibs.  1  day,  1'. 

GRACE  LINCOLN,  10004  H.    Lincoln,  120  Neth. ;  trijntje,  35  Neth.     Milk  55  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  11,823 

Ibs.  1  oz.  10  months,  A  R.     Butter  9  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
GRACIENNE,  9297  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day. 
GRACIENNE  2o,  4058  H.  F.    Netherland  Knight,  1852  H. ;   Gracienne,  9297  H.      Butter   14  Ibs.  14  oz.  7 

days.  A.R. 
GRACIOSA  S,  5307  H.  F.    Netherland  Courtier,  2474  H.;   Gomora,  7236  H.      Milk  39  Ibs.  1  day,  1,095 

Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

GRASSY  S,  5293  H.  F.    Joe,  1592  H. ;  Neef.jes.  9473  H.     Milk  37  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
GREAT  RIVER  GLORIE,  1364  H.  F.    Imp.     Milk  25  qts.  1  day,  P. 
GREENWOOD  GIRL,  4428  H.    Imp.     Milk  50  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  604  Ibs.  10  oz.  10  days,  P.     Butter  14  Ibs. 

1  oz.,  A.R. 


336  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 

GRENDA  DORBEBOOM,  8409  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 

GRETCHEN  3o,  319  H.    William,  56  H. ;  Gretchen,  11  H.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GRETCHEN  STH,  1556  H.    Karl,  278  H. ;  Gretchen  3d,  319  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GRETJE,  875  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GRETJE  2o,  1528  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GRETTA  THORNE,  10951  H.  F.    Pierre,  1348  H. ;  Duyn's  Koopman,  8231  H.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GRETT  HARTOG,  13101  H.  F.    Mooie  Hartog,  418  D.  F.;  Gretje,  221  D.  F.    Milk  60  Ibs.  8  oz.   1  day, 

6953  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  R     Butter  20  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 
GRIEJKE  BEAUTY  2o,  1712  H.  F.    Jacob  Clifden,  2318  H. ;  Griejke  Beauty,  4658  H.    Milk  29  Ibs.  4  oz. 

1  day,  P. 

GRIETJE,  250  D.  F.    Jacob;  Pietje.    Milk  73  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GRIETJE  BOOTS,  6429  H.    Imp.    Milk  53  Ibs.  8  oz  1  day.  6432  Ibs.  10  oz.  4  months  28  days,  P. 
GRIETJE  COLUMBUS,  3822  H.  F.    Columbus,  460  Neth. ;  Grietje,  5415  Neth.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
GRIETJE  ESMOND,  6456  H.    Imp.    Milk  23  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

GRIETJE  KEYES,  8357  H.  F.    Druyf s  Keyes,  2371  H.  F. ;  Grietje  W,  5718  H.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day. 
GRIETJE  L,  3040  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day.    Butter  9  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
GRIETJE  P.    Imp.    Milk  11,230  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
GRIETJE  RAUWERD,  5728  H.    Imp.    Milk  15  qts.  1  day,  P. 
GRIETJE  V,  2939  H.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 

GRIETJE  VESTER  2o,  2289  H.  F.    Saul,  1435  H. ;  Grietje  Vester,  5701  H.    Milk  4979  Ibs.  7  months,  P. 
GRIETJE  W,  5718  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GRIFFITH  S,  5291  H.  F.    Joe  S,  1592  H. ;  Katrina,  510  H.    Milk  39  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
GRILLA,  4865  H.    Duke  of  Anjon,  1250  H. ;  Minnie  Scholton,  1906  H.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
GRISKINISSA  S,  5309  H.  F.    Joe  S,  1592  H. ;  Bornia,  2016  H.    Milk  9423  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
GRIZZIE  S,  5310  H.  F.    Prince  David,  2076  H. ;  Adria,  7190  H.    Milk  53  Ibs  1  day,  1534  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
GROH,  8276  H.  F.  De  Hoop,  311  F.  H.  B.;  Weijer,  2311  F.  H.  B.  Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  1240  Ibs.  30  days,P. 
GRONINGEN  MAID,  1179  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  21  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 
GROOTANNA,  7742  H.    Imp.    Milk  34  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GROTON  PET  2o,  2524  H.    Duke  of  Groton,  1710  H. ;  Groton  Pet,  6821  H.    Milk  21  qts.  1  day,  P. 
GUDULA,  6122  H.    Imp.    Milk  56  Ibs  1  day,  11,652  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 
GUESSNOT,  9361  H.  F.    Archibald,  383  D.  F. ;  Chloe,  816  D.  F.   Milk  7427 Ibs.  10  oz.  8  months  5  days,P. 
GUILELESS  S,  5296  H.  F.    No  Shirk,  3561  H. ;    Fonsel,  2001  H.  F.    Milk  7332  Ibs.  10  months  7  days,  P. 
GUNSTIG,  3448  H.    Dick  Schlip,  220  H. ;   Lady  Kurt,  358  H.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
GURGLE,  8099  H.    Imp.    Milk  67  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
GUSKE,  1727  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
GUSKER,  2320  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

GUSTINA,  806  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  16  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
GUSTY,  6536  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  1158  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
GUTHRIEBELLE,  7744  H.    Klaas,  216  Neth. ;  Jacoba,  1352  Neth.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
GUURTJE,  5116  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  1  day,  15,152  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
GUURTJE  ROGGEVEEN,  3821  H.  F.     Roggeveen,  420  Neth  ;  Guurtje,  5116  Neth.      Milk  5443  Ibs,  7 

months.    Butter  10  Ibs.  3}£  oz.  7  days,  P. 

GWENDOLINE,  9299  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  10,303  Ibs.  9  months  14  days,  P. 
GWENDOLINE  PEL,  1072  D.  F.    Witema,  125  F.  H.  B. ;  Pel  4th,  194  M.  R.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  32 

Ibs.  7  days  P. 

HAARSMA,  5980  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

HAGA  DORREBOOM,  8406  H.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day.    Butter  14  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

HAGAR  2o,  6555  H.    Gortus,  642  H. ;  Hagar,  1006  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

HAIZUM,  4702  H.    Imp.     Milk  20  qts.  1  day,  P. 

HALBE  5721  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

HALEYZAAM,  8262  H.  F.    Frisco  2d,  676  F.  H.  B.;  Jantje,  1444  F.  H.  B.    Milk  48  Ibs  1  day,  P. 

HALITJE,  8263  H.  F.    David  2d,  492  F.  H.  B.;  Sophia,  1657  F.  H.  B.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  1261  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 

HALKINA,  5186  H.  F.    Empyrean,  1006  H.;  Harriet  2456  H.    Milk  6439  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  P. 
HALMIDE,  3097  H.  F.    Imp.    Mflk  9880  Ibs.  5  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
HALQUI,  8627  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  1,811  Ibs.  8  oz  30  days,  P. 
HALQUI  2o,  4124  H.  F.    Lubbert,  3384  H. ;  Halqui,  8627  H.     Milk  395  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 
HAMER  SCHOTSMAN,  8390  H.    Imp.    Milk  49  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  490  Ibs  10  days,  P. 
HAMMING,  3851  H.    Imp.    Milk  99  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HAMMOLEKETH  S,  9472  H.  F.    No  Shirk,  3561  H.;  Pastelein,  2011   H.  F.    Milk  8923  Ibs.  7  months  24 

days,  P. 

HANDSOME,  8695  H.    Imp.    Butter  11  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  P. 
HANNAH,  323  H.  .Imp.    Milk  7891  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
HANNAH  ROOKER,  9907  H.    Imp.    Milk  46  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  10,626  Ibs.  1  oz.  1   year,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs. 

9  oz.  7  days,  P. 

HANS  2o,  3276  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
HARLOWE  S,  9455  H.  F.    Prince  David,  2076  H.;  Faw  S,  2099  H.  F.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1   day,  1323  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 

HARMENKE,  6219  H.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HARMONIA,  3994  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P.;  50 2  Ibs.  2  oz.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  16  Ibs. 

11%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
HAROLDINE,  2742  H.    Imp.    Milk  47  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day,  1,822  Ibs.  7  oz.  45  days,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  11  oz. 

7  days,  30  Ibs.  5  oz.  15  days,  P. 

HARREL  S,  9450  H.  F.     Netherland  Courtier,  2474  H. ;  Dainty  S,  3787  H.     Milk  411  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 
HARRIET,  2456  H.    Dirk  Hatterick.  219  H. ;  Hetty,  327  H.    Milk  6583  Ibs.  8  months  3  days,  P. 
HARRIET  ANN,  696  H.    York,  171  H. ;  Betsey  Prig,  694  H.    Milk  12,840  Ibs.  11  months,  P. 
HARRIETTA,  856  H.  F.    Uiltje,  267  F.  H.  B.;  Pietje,  1911  F.  H.  B.    Milk  30  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HASKELL  S,  9463  H.  F.    Netherland  Courtier,  2474  H. ;  Evangeline,  293  H.    Milk  37  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HASSAN  VEER,  8404  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

HATIE  S,  9469  H.  F.    Prince  David,  2076  H. ;  Fairy  S,  2139  H.  F.    Milk  379  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 
HATTIE,  3682  H.    Silas,  522  H.;  Linka,  1132  H.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HATTIE  FAIR,  4441  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HAVILAH  S,  9444  H.  F.    Netherland  Courtier,  2474  H.;  Avenhil,  2023  H.  F.    Milk  36  Ibs.  1  day,  1048 

Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
HAWKEYE,  5270  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  15,633  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months  25  days,  A.R. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  337 

• 

HAZEL,  3390  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

HE,  7792  H.  F.    Neptune,  711  H.;  Rustic  Lass,  1821  H.    Milk  25  qts.  1  day,  P. 

HEABELTJE,  11826  H.  F.    Uiltje,  411  F.  H.  B.;  Abina  de  Boer,  377  Aux  F.  H.  B.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day, 

1508  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
HEABELTJE  2o,  11895  H.  F.    Cleveland,  1091  F.  H.  B.;  Heabeltje,  11826  H.  F.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  771 

Ibs.  10  days.    Butter  18  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 
HEBE  LINCOLN.  10019  H.    Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  P. 
HECATE  3o,  17934  H.  F.    Violet  Prince,  42909  H.  F.;  Hecate,  6117  H.    Milk  74  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  13,821 

Ibs.  10  months  9  days,  P. 
HEDDA  2D,  6808  H.  F.    Dime,  3161  H.  F. ;  Hedda,  3399  H.    Milk  1307  Ibs.  30  days,  8430  Ibs.  238  days,  P. 

Butter  41  Ibs.  9  oz.  30  days,  P. 

HEEG'S  REINKJE  4TH,  1359  D.  F.    Johan ;  Reinkje.    Milk  10,952  Ibs.  12  oz.  12  months  27  days,  P. 
HEILTJE,  1006  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  clay,  P. 
HEINSE,  999  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
HELA  S,  9443  H.  F.    Netherland  Courtier,  2474  H. ;   Merlo,  2014  H.  F.    Milk  29  Ibs.  1  day,  1107  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 

HELDER,  324  H.    Imp.    Milk  69  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

HELENA  2o,  17988  H.  F.    Duplicate,  2326  H. ;  Helena,  1625  D.  F.    Butter  13  Ibs.  2  oz.  A.R. 
HELENA  BURKE,  22916  H.  F.    Lord  Burke,  11731  H.  F.;  Sicha,  733  H.  F.     Milk  51  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day, 

1404  Ibs.  31  days,  P.    Butter  17.93  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 

HELENA  S,  9445  H.  F.    Netherland  Courtier,  2474  H. :  Astella,  6087  H.   Milk  389  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
HELENE'S  VIOLET  2D,  7914  H.  F.    Remington,  1716  H.  F. ;  Helene's  Violet,  792  H.  F.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1 

day,  10,956  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  10  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
HELEN  S,  1415  H.    Imn.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HELIOTROPE,  325  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,614  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R. 
HENDRIKA,  140  H.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
HENNA,  9677  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs  1  day,  1300  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

HERE  S,  9475  H.  F.     No  Shirk,  3561  H. ;  Englewood  S,  8531  H.     Milk  5406  Ibs.  5  months  20  days,  P. 
HERINGA,  10848  H.  F.    Tell,  128  D.  F. ;  Norrissa,  1842  D.  F.     Milk  42  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  10,856  Ibs.  12  oz. 

1  year,  P. 

HERMANA,  9318  H.  F.    Sultan,  3496  H.  F. ;  Agneta,  1417  H.  F.    Milk  30  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HERMESIND  S,  9451  H.  F.    Prince  David,  2076  H.;  Clara  S,  3058  H.     Milk  382  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 
HERMION  S,  9453  H.  F.    Prince  David,  2076  H. ;   Diewertje,  2020  H.  F.     Milk  7635  Ibs.  10  months  15 

days,  P. 
HERNSTINE,  1871  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,,  5921  Ibs.  15  oz.  6  months  13  days,  P.    Butter  8  Ibs.  12 

oz.  7  days,  P. 

HERODIAS  S,  9474  H.  F.    Prince  David.  2076  H. ;  Orbona,  7203  H.    Milk  6894  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
HERTIE,  3340  H.    Imp.    Milk,  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HETTY  327  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,603  Ibs.  3  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

HETTY  W,  3064  H.     Sir  William  2d,  343  H. ;  Queen  of  the  Valley,  430 Ja'  H.     Milk  12.223  Ibs.  4  oz.,  A.R. 
HETTY  W  2o,  1288  H  F.    Lad  of  Prescot,  2389  H.;  Hetty  W,  3074  H.    Milk  360  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  days, 

8141  Ibs.  12  oz.  8  months  15  days,  A.R. 
HETTY  W's  ARTIS  CLOTHILDE,  31543  H.  F.    Artis  Adiantum's  Clothilde,   15202  H.   F.;    Hetty  W, 

3064  H.     Milk  389  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  days,  7776  Ibs  8  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

HIATOGA,  3308  H.    Dirk  Hatterick,  219  H. :  Heliotrope.  325  H.     Milk  5888  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P. 
HIAWATHA  MAID,  3848  H.    Compeer,  209  H.;  Bonnie  Jean,  783  H.    Milk  1012  Ibs.  5  oz.  30  days,  5755 

Ibs.  1  oz.  5  months  3  days.  P. 

HIEKE,  2810  F.  H.  B.    Imp.     Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HIEMKE,  6267  H.    Imp.     Milk  65  Ibs.  1  clay,  P. 
HIEMSTRA'S  FAVORITE,  6377  H.    Imp.     Milk  10,565  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
HIGHLAND  MARY,  6158  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. 
HIGHT  ULAH,  11479  H.  F.    Juror,  2295  H.;  Ulah,  7184  H.    Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HIJKE  2o,  1012  D.  F.    Imp.     Milk  6764  Ibs.  5  months.     Butter  18  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
HILDA,  556  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  clay,  P. 
HILDA  ALBAN,  8631  H.  F.     Netherland  Alban,  4584  H.;  Topaz  3d's  Henrietta,  1580  H.  F.     Butter  14 

Ibs.  10  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 

HILDA  OF  PACIFIC,  619  H.  F.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HILDA  SPAANZ,  2535  H.  F.     Senboer,  3327  H. ;  Pride  O'Dee,  4993  H.     Milk  63  Ibs.  1  day,  14,591  Ibs.  1 

year,  A.  R.     Butter  20  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

HILLEGONDA  KA,  5681  H.    Imp.    Milk  67  Ibs.  1  clay,  9,164  Ibs.  8  oz.  5  months,  P. 
HILLEGONDA  KA'S  BOELYN,  14418  H.  F.    Johnnie 'Boelyn,  2494  H.  F.;  Hillegonda  Ka,  5681  H.      Milk 

7,759  Ibs.  4  oz.  9  months,  P. 

HILLETJE,  2008  H.     Lincoln,  1-20  Neth.;  Hillegonda,  4332  Neth.    Milk  10,344  Ibs.  1  year,  A.R. 
HILLSBOROUGH  MAID,  1099  H.  F.    Promoter,  1518  H. ;  Gentle  Maid  2d.     Milk  3889  Ibs.  7  oz.  5  months 

14  days,  P. 

HILTJE  KUPERUS,  34  D.  F.    Jacob,  58  Neth. :  Letske.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HILTON  MAID,  1993  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HILTON  MAID  2o,  4936  H.    Gortus,  642  H. ;  Hilton  Maid,  1993  H.    Milk  68  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  638  Ibs.  10 

days,  P. 

HINKB,  216  D.  F.     Mooie,  26  M.  R. ;  Winkje,  136  M.  R.    Butter  17  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
HINKE  3o,  27169  H.  F.     Hamilton  2d.  5608  H.  F. ;  Hinke,  216  D.  F.     Milk  50  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
HIPPOLITA,  6115  H.    Imp.    Milk  7738  Ibs.  13  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

HIPPOLYTA  S.  9457  H.  F.    Joe  S,  1592  H. ;  Zwartkof,  2025  H.  F.     Milk  7254  Ibs.  11  months,  P. 
HISKE,  80  D.  F.    Imp.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
HOBIA,  8712  H.    Paragon,  1175  H. ;  Hokwerda  3d,  3268  H.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  1206  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  month. 

Butter  2  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. 

HOBNELIA  S,  9458  H.  F.    Joe  S,  1592  H. ;  Celeste  S,  3052  H.    Milk  37  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HEOKEMA  2o,  32H9  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HOKWERDA  3D,  3268  H.    Imp.    Butter  18  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
HOLLAND  BEAUTY,  330  H.    Imp.    Milk  800  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

HOLLANDER,  3706  H.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  14,053  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  P. 
HOLLANDER  2o,  5782  H.     Constantyn,  2040  H. ;  Hollander,  3706  H.     Milk  75  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  9817  Ibs. 

12  oz.  10  months.    Butter  13  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 
HOLLAND  JEWEL,  969  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P. :  10,260  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  15 

Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R, 

HOLLAND  PRIDE,  2745  H.    Imp.    Milk  74  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  5720  Ibs.  10  oz.  4  months,  P. 
23 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


HOLLAND  PRINCESS,  143  H.     Holland  Prince,  113  H.;  Holland  Queen,  144  H.    Milk  7401  Ibs.  11  oz.  1 

year,  P. 
HOME  COUNTESS,  4994  H.    Eckke,  681  H. ;  Wittof,  675  H.     Milk  1511  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P.    Butter  14 

Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
HOMESPUN,  5184  H.  F.    Empyrena,   1006  H. ;  Hippolita,  6115  H.    Milk  5234  Ibs.   10  oz.   6  months  7 

days,  P. 

HONORIA,  1230  H.    Imp.    Milk  530  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 

HOPSIE,  9169  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day.   Butter  16  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
HORTENSE,  1500  H.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  18  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
HORTENSE,  1527  D.  F.    Penninga.  164  F.  H.  B  ;    Auke  Ankes,  961  F.  H.  B.    Milk  74  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day, 

1924  Ibs.  1  month.    Butter  3  Ibs.  2  oz    1  day,  15  Ibs.  11  )£  oz.  7  days,  P. 
HORTENSIA,  4019  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  393  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days.    Butter  19  Ibs.  3  1-2  oz.  7 

HORTENSIA'S  BLACK  MERCEDES,  2731  H.  F.    Mercedes  Prince,  2150  H. ;  Hortensia,  4019  II.    Butter  16 

Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 
HORTENSIA'S  MERCEDES,  9492  H.    Mercedes  Prince,  2150  H.;   Hortensia,  4019  H.    Milk  45  Ibs.  15  oz. 

1  day,  P. ;  449  Ibs.  6  oz.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  17  Ibs.  8%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
HORTENSIA'S  SECOND  MERCEDES.  11240  H.  F.    Mercedes  Prince,  2150  H. ;   Hortensia,  4019  H.    Milk 

7000  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

HOTSKE  2o,  1777  D.  F.    Adam,  298  F.  H.  B. ;  Hotske,  1294  F.  H.  B.    Butter  10  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
HOUWTJE  D,  12005  H.  F.    Jumbo  Boy,  1993  H.;  Houwtie,  2941  H.    Milk  92  Ibs.  1  day,  17475  Ibs.  10 

months,  A.R.    Butter  23.48  Ibs.  7  days,  P. ;  727.42  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R. 
HOYDEN  S,  9464  H.  F.    No  Shirk,  3561  H. ;  Fea  S,  2146  H.  F.    Milk  398  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 
HUBBARD,  8245  H.    Imp.    Butter  14  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
HUBERTA,  6820  H.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.,  P. 
HULDA,  550  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HUNETJE,  8256  H.  F.     Groote  Jan.  534  F.  H.  B. ;  Hieke,  647  F.  H.  B.    Milk  47  Ibs.  1  day,  1360  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 
HUNNIWELL,  8436  H.    Albert,  342  F.  H.  B. ;    Pietje,  2482  F  H.  B.     Milk,  59  Ibs.  1  day,  1454  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 

HUZZY,  1190  H.    Billy  Boelyn,  189  H.;  Hulda,  550  H.    Milk  35  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
HYACINTH  S,  9465  H.   D.    Prince  David,  2076  H.;  Fair  Penitent  S,  2144  H.   F.     Milk  438  Ibs.  10 

days,  A.R. 

HYKE  2o,  4311  H.  F.    Brick,  3222  H.  F.;  Hyke,  6532  H.    Milk  64  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
HYKOLINA,  746  H,    Imp.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  11,183  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

HYKOLINA  2o,  754  H.  F.    Billy  Boelyn,  189  H. ;  Hykolina,  746  H.    Milk  10,952  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
HYLA,  5290  H.    Imp.    Milk  7495  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  months  24  days,  P. 
HYLKU,  741  H.    Imp.    Milk  33>£  qts.  1  day,  P. 
HYPSA,  20840  H.  F.    Seer,  5027  H.  F. :  Justina,  1845  D.  F.    Milk  5.407  Ibs.  6  oz.  10  months,  P. 

IBIS,  293  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  36  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

IDAARD  2o,  5704  H.  F.    Gilroy  3079  H.;  Idaard,  4983  H.    Milk  57  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  11,423  Ibs.  8  oz.  11 

months  15  days,  A.R. 

IDALAH  S,  14745  H.  F.    Netherland  Courtier,  2474  H. ;  Aardzak,  2021  H.  F.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
IDA  MAY,  947  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  10,958  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P. 
IDA  ROOKER,  4859  H.  F.    Ruiter  4th;  Trijntje,  4224  Neth.    Butter  13  Ibs.  12>£  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
IDEAL,  8691  H.    Imp.    Milk  38  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  9,167  Ibs  1  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  l^oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 
IDENE  ROOKER,  9995  H.    Imp.    Milk  15,157  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  25  Ibs.  3>2'  oz.  7  days, 

A.R. ;  98  Ibs.  5K  oz.  30  days,  P. 
IDENE  ROOKER  2o,  3167  H.  F.     Sir  Henry  2d  of  A  aggie,  1451  H. ;  Idene  Rooker,  9995  H.    Milk  1,004 

Ibs.  5  oz.  1  month,  6,143  Ibs.  1  oz.  8  months  3  days,  P.    Butter  10  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
IDRIA,  7190  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
IFKJE,  799  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
IJNTENA  2D,  4139  H.  F.    Mooie,  26  D.  F. ;  Ijntena,  1506  D.  F.    Milk  36  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1038  Ibs.  8  oz.  30 

days,  P. 
IJSBRANDIA  3D,  3912  H.  F.    De  Brave  Hendrik,  230  H.  F. ;  Ijsbrandia,  5300  H.    Milk  36  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

day,  5726  Ibs.  8  months,  P. 
ILIONE  S,  14753  H.  F.    Prince  David,  2076  H.  F.;  Lurancy,  6137  H.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  1191  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 

IMAGENA  S,  14734  H.  F.    Prince  David,  2076  H. ;  Thistledown,  7890  H.    Milk  6351  Ibs.  8  months,  P. 
IMKJE'S  MERCEDES,  9490  H.    Mercedes  Prince,  2150  H. ;  Imkje,  5310  H.    Milk  47  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  P. ; 

312  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  25  Ibs.  15M  oz.  7  days,  P. 

IMOGENIA,  500  H.    Stentor,  346  H.;  Isis,  148  H.    Milk  4?  Ibs.  1  day,  10,925  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year,  P. 
IMOGENIA  2o,  3923  H.    St.  Elmo,  714  H. ;  Imogenia.  f»00  H.    Butter  16  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
IMPERIAL  ROSA,  1583  H.  F.    Prince  Imperial,  1164  H. ;  Aaggie  Rosa  2d,  2610  H.    Milk  9408  Ibs.  6  oz. 

10  months,  P. 
INARA.  9428  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  9787  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  months,  A.R.    Butter  18  Ibs.  14  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 

INA  S,  14758  H.  F.    No  Shirk,  3561  H. ;  Galiana  S,  5282  H.    Milk  5024  Ibs.  6  months  25  days,  P. 
INDEX,  987  H.    Imp.    Milk  3270  Ibs.  60  days,  P. 
INDI,  2508H.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
INDI  2o,  3650  H.    Promoter,  1518  H. ;  Indi,  2508  H.    Milk  63  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. ;    7781  Ibs.  15  oz.  9 

months  22  days,  A.R. 

INDI  MINNIE,  6277  H  F.    Lad  of  Prescott,  2389  H. ;  Indi  2d,  3650  H.    Milk  426  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
INDRANI  S,  14738  H.  F.    Netherland  Courtier,  2474  H. ;  Lilio,  2019  H.  F.    Milk  35  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
INGA  NEKO.  8557  H.    Imp.    Milk  37  Ibs.  1  day,  964  Ibs.  12  oz.  30  days.  P. 
INKA,  334  H.    Imp.    Milk  14,046  Ibs.  7  months,  A.R,    Butter  20  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
INKA  2D,  1013  H.    Baron  Steuben,  66  H. ;  Inka,  334  H.    Milk  82  Ibs.  1  day,  17,345  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  P. 

Butter  18  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
INKA  4TH,  1093  D.  F.    Victor  Bruinsma,  88  P.  R. ;  Inka,  222  M.  R.    Milk  85  Ibs.  1  day,  20,649  Ibs.  12  oz. 

1  year,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
INKA  4TH's  PIRTERTJE  ROSE,  23481  H  F.    Milla's  Pietertje  Netherland,  7825  H.  F. ;  Inka  4th,  1093 

D.  F.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  1535  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  month,  P.    Butter  21.9  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
INKA  5TH,  4288  H.  F.    Prince  of  Monroe,  1630  H. ;  Inka,  486  D.  F.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  8529  Ibs.  12 

oz.  8  months  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  11  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS. 


INKA  GTH,  7968  H.  F.    Mooie  Hartog  4th,  418  D.  F. ;  Ilka,  486  D.  F.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day.  13,977  Ibs.  8  oz . 

1  year,  P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days. 
INKA  era's  QUEEN  PIETERTJE,  17791  H.  F.    Millars  Pietertje  Netherland,  7825  H.  F. ;  Inka  6th,  7968 

H.  F.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  1537  Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs,  7  days,  P. 
INKA  TTH,  13102  H.  F.    Mooie  Hartog  4th,  418  D.  F.:  Inka,  486  D.  F.    Milk  5126  Ibs.  2  oz.  2  months. 

Butter  20  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
INKA  7ra's  PIETERTJE.  24136  H.  F.    Milla's  Pietertje  Netherland,  7825  H.  F. ;  Inka  7th,  13102  H.  F. 

Milk  52  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1531  Ibs.  14  oz.  30  days.    Butter  15  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
INKA  BELLE,  1447  D.  F.    Midnight,  125  P.  R. ;  Inka  2d,  488  P.  R.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
INKA  DARKNESS,  273  D.  F.    Unadilla,  71  P.  R. ;  Inka  2d,  488  P.  R.     Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  19013  Ibs. 

4  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  19  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
INKA  DARKRESS  2o,  1335  H.  F.    Mooie  Kleiterp,  319  D.  F.;  Inka  Darkness,  273  D.  F.    Milk  68  Ibs.  8 

oz.  1  day,  1728  Ibs.  12  oz.  30  days,  P. 
INKA  DARKNESS  2o's  NETHERLAND,  13915  H.  F.     Aaggie  Leila's  Prince, 4419  H.;    Inka  Darkness  2d, 

1335  H.  F.    Milk  63  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 
INKA  HARTOG,  7969  H.  F.    Mooie  Hartog  4th,  418  D.  F. ;  Inka  4th,  1093  D.  F.    Milk  77  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day, 

P. ;  10,460  Ibs.  12  oz.  8  months,  A.R.     Butter  23  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  P. 
INKA  PIETERTJE  MECHTHILDE,  30668  H.  F.  Tirania's  Sir  Me«hthilde,  16469  H.  F.;  Inka  4th's  Pietertje 

Rose,  23481  H.  F.    Milk  309  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  12.92  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
INKA  PRINCESS,  7970  H.  F.    Aaggie  Leila's  Prince,  4419  H. ;  Inka  Darkness,  273  D.  F.    Milk   64  Ibs. 

14  oz.  1  day,  16,132  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
INTJE  2o,  5002  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  20,011  Ibs.  14  oz.  11  months  16  days,  A.R.    Butter  19  Ibs. 

9  oz  7  days,  P. 

IONA,  335  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,033  Ibs.  8  oz.  346  days,  P. 
IONTHA,  8240  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  16,060  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
IOLA,  899  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  10,294  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P. 
IOLENA  FAIRMONT,  15544  H.  F.    Fairmont  Tom,  2448  H.  F. ;  Orphia,  2851  H.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day,  503 

Ibs.  10  days. 

IONA,  335  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,033  Ibs.  8  oz.  346  days,  P. 
IONE,  844  H.    Imp.    Milk  35  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
IONIA,  3964  H.    Imp.    Milk  1,054  Ibs.  5  oz.  30  days,  P. 

IONIA  2o,  4294  H.  F.    Robertus,  3306  H.;  Ionia,  3964  H.    Milk  4,106  Ibs.  5  months  28  days,  P. 
IPHIS  S,  14743  H.  F.     No  Shirk,  3651  H. ;  Finetta  S,  2107  H,    Milk  37  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
IRENA,  2494  H.    Apollot,  402  H.;  Sylvia,  573  H.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
IRENE,  1260  H.    Imp.    Milk  20  quarts  1  day,  P. 
IRENE  ARTIS,  4844H.  F.    Artis,  127  Neth  ;   Haarlemmermeer,  1020  Neth.    Milk  43  Ibs.  10  ox.  1  day, 

5675  Ibs.  11  oz.  5  months  29  days,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  P. 
IRIS  3D,  1542  H.    Johannis,  428  H. ;  Iris,  147  H.     Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

IRIS  3D  A's  1st,  18043  H.  F.    Copia's  Empire,  3559  H. ;  Iris  3d  A,  4747  H.    Milk  28  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
IRIS  3D  C,  10336  H.  F.     Copies  Empire,  3559  H.;  Iris  3d,   1542  H.     Milk  5,846  Ibs.  10  months  20 

days,  P. 

IRIS  4TH,  4743  H.    Johannis,  428  H. ;  Iris,  147  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
IRMENA,  201  F.  H.  B.     Tulener,  1448  F.  H.  B.    Butter  9  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ISABEL,  1050  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ISACA  S,  14746  H.  F.    Prince  David,  2076  H. ;  Edging,  8577  H.  F.     Milk  31  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ISADORA,  1860  H.    Imp.    Milk  69  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  9386  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  10  Ibs.  13>£  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

ISANTHE,  9300  H.    Imp.    Milk  32  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
Isis,  148  H.    Imp.    Milk  4140  Ibs.  11  oz.  4  months,  P. 

Isis  2o,  337  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H. ;  Isis,  148  H.    Milk  34  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  9114  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P. 
ISLIP  MAID,  10290  H.    Imp.    Milk  20  qts.  1  day,  P. 
ISSAQUENNA,  6767  H.    Imp.     Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ISMA,  5529  H.     Blythe,  2208  H. ;  Camilla,  102  H.    Milk  1067  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
ITA,  8917  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  8482  Ibs.  10  oz.  10  months  13  days.  P.     Butter  17  Ibs   7^  oz    7 

days,  P. 

IVA,  4831  H.    Silas,  522  H. ;  Rialvia,  1130  H.    Milk  9662  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
IVA  S,  1474  H.  F.    Prince  David,  2076  H. ;  Langedijk,  2030  H.  F.    Milk  31  Ibs.  1  day. 
IVAS  PRIDE,  13005  H.  F.    Tjkma,  436  H.  F.;  Rienstra's  Jaantje,  960  D.  F.     Butter  42  Ibs    6  oz    30 

days,  P. 

IVAS  PRIDE  2o,  21568  H.  F.    D.  W.  D.,  9999  H.  F.;  Ivas  Pride,  13005  H.  F.    Milk  4464  Ibs.  110  days,  P. 
IVY,  5678H.  F.     Farmington  Pel,  329  D.  F. ;  Rienstrars  Jaantje,  960  D.  F.     Milk  11,589  Ibs.  13  oz.  1 

year,  P. 

JAARSMA,  5976  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day. 

JACOB,  950  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

JACOBA,  1347  H.    Imp.    Milk  79  Ibs.,  P. 

JACOBA  BRANTJES,  6022  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  12  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 

JACOBA  HARTOG,  2  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  87  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  10,430  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

JACOBA  HARTOG  2o,  24  D.  F.    Burgomaster  of  Beemster,  1  D.  F.;  Jacoba  Hartog,  2  D.  F.    Milk  87 

Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  10,230  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
JACOBA  HARTOG  3o,  166  D.  F.    Burgomaster  of  Beemster,  1  D.  F. ;  Jacoba  Hartog,  2  D.  F.     Milk  98 

Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  A.R.    Butter  21  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  42  Ibs.  8  oz.  14  days,  A.R. 
JACOBA  HARTOG  4th,  169  D.  F.    Burgomaster  of  Beemster,  1  D.  F.;  Jacoba  Hartog,  2  D  F     Butter 

18  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
JACOBA  HARTOG  5TH,  219  D.  F.     Mooie,  26  M.  R. ;  Jacoba  Hartog  2d,  24  M.  R.     Butter  15  Ibs    8 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
JACOBA  HARTOG  6TH,  220  D.  F.     Mooie,  26  M.  R. ;  Jacoba  Hartog  3d,  166  M.  R.     Butter  17  Ibs  7 

days,  A.R. 
JACOBA  HARTOG  7ra,  309  D.  F.    Mooie,  26  M.  R. ;    Jacoba  Hartog  2d,  24  M.  R.     Butter  14  Ibs.  12  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 
JACOBA  HARTOG  STH,  699  D.  F.    Mooie  Twisk,  85  P.  R. ;    Jacoba  Hartog  5th.      Milk  365  Ibs.  10  days, 

JACOBA  HARTOG  9TH,  583  D.  F.     Mooie,  26  M.  R. ;  Jacoba  Hartog  3d,  166  M.  R.      Butter  12  Ibs.  4  oz. 

JACOBA'  HARTOG  T,  5319  H.  F.     Mooie  Twisk 4th,  706  D.  F.;  Jacoba  Hartog  2d,  24  D.  F.    Milk  307 
Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  P.    Butter,  14  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 


340  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

JACOBA  LEEGHWATER,  976  H.  F.     Leeghwater,  279  Neth.;   Jacoba,  4515  Neth.     Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day. 

Butter  9  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  P. 

JACOB'S  BLANCHE,  1957  H.  F.    Jacob,  608  H. ;  Zig  Mayo,  7533  H.    Milk  49  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 
JACOB'S  LIZZIE,  9679  H.  F.     Jacob,  608  H. ;  Lizzie  C,  5399  H.     Milk  3723  Ibs.  12  oz.  3  months,  A.R. 

Butter  11  Ibs.  iyz  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
JACOB  WIT'S  BELVA,  7791  H.    Jacob  Wit,  2662  H. ;  Breggar,  1738  Neth.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  9516 

Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  P. 

JACOB  WIT'S  BERYLLA,  7792  H.   Jacob  Wit,  2662  H. ;  Alkmaria,  1525  Neth.   Milk  66  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  P. 
JACOB  WIT'S  DE  SCHOT,  3802  H.  F.    Jacob  Wit,  2662  H.;  De  Schot,  5001  H.     Milk  5235  Ibs.  7  oz.  10 

months  1  day,  P. 
JACOB  WIT'S  GODIVA,  6919  H.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  7623  Ibs.  3  oz.  6  months  15  days,  P. 

Butter  12  Ibs.  9K  oz.  7  days,  P. 

JACOB  WIT'S  MINELLA,  7785  H.    Imp.    Milk  964  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
JACOB  WIT'S  MURILLO,  2472  H.  F.     Jacob  Wit,  2662  H. ;  Murillo,  5053  H.     Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  691  Ibs. 

30  days,  P. 
JACQUELINE  BELLE,  13972  H.  F.    Carrick's  Porcelain,  4705  H.  F. ;  Jacqueline's  Pet,  4730  H.  F.    Milk 

43  Ibs.  1  day,  1244  Ibs.  30  days.    Butter  13  Ibs.  8>£  oz.,  P. 
JAMAICA,  1336  H.    Imp.    Milk  112  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  19,546  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year,  P. 
JAMAICA  2o,  4818  H.    Iroquois,  1074  H. ;  Jamaica,  1336  H.    Milk  7402  Ibs.  4  oz.  319  days,  P. 
JAMESANNA,  2911  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
JAMESTOWN  BELLE,  7897  H.  F.    Jewel's  Prince  of  Wayne,  32  H.  F. ;  Meala,  9578  H.   Milk  42  Ibs.  8  oz. 

1  day,  P. 

JAN  3D,  3225  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  312  Ibs.  7  oz.  10  days,  P. 
JANE  ARTIS,  4842  H.  F.    Artis,  127  Neth. ;  Saartje,  597  Neth.    MilK  11,561  Ibs.  14  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

Butter  21  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

JANE  EYRE,  1281  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,117  Ibs.  11  oz.  9  months  25  days,  P. 

JANEKA,  149  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  10,448  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  409  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
JANET  GRAY,  2752  H.    Imp.    Milk  5438  Ibs.  11  months,  P. 

JANINA,  7172  H.    Imp.    Milk  647  Ibs.  6  oz.  10  days,  A.R. ;  14,181  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  P. 
JANKE  5TH,  3713  H.    Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  601  Ibs.  14  oz.  10  days,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  12  oz.  1 

day,  P. 

JANKE  HIBMA,  626  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

JANNA,  1632  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  3  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  24  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 
JANNEK,  871  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  13,015  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year.    Butter  19  Ibs.  15  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

JANNEK  3D,  1458  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H. ;  Jannek,  871  H.     Milk  53  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. 
JANNEK  BEAUTY,  1283  H.    Lad  of  Prescott,  2389  H.;  Jannek  5th,  4858  H.     Milk  505  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  days, 

A.R. 
JANNEK  BELLE  2o,  28680  H.  F.    Aaggie  Grace's  Boy,  7068  H.  F. ;  Jannek  Belle,  6280  H.  F.    Milk  357 

Ibs.  4oz.  10  days,  A.R. 

JANNEK  BRIGHT,  1285  H.  F.    Lad  of  Prescott,  2389  H.;  Jannek  4th.    Milk  383  Ibs  4  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
JANNEK  BRIGHT  2o,  22943  H.  F.    Aaggie  Grace's  Boy,  7068  H.  F. ;  Jannek  Bright,  1285  H.  F.    Milk 

392  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  days,  7015  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
JANNEKER,  798  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JANNEK  LASS,  10621  H.  F.    Lad  of  Prescott  2d,  968  H.  F. ;  Jannek  5th,  4858  H.    Milk  406  Ibs.  4  oz.  10 

days,  8352  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
JANNEK  WORTEL,  2659  H.    Imp.    Milk  15,542  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year.    Butter  18  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  35  Ibs.  11 

oz.  14  days,  A.R. 

JANNETJE,  3027  H.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

JANNETJE  K.    Imp.    Milk  601  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  14,436  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  months.    Butter  20  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
JANNETJE  K  3o,  6805  H.  F.    Mazda,  2672  H. ;  Jannetje  K,  5074  H.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  10,270  Ibs.  9 

months  4  days,  P. 

JANSJE,  596  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day.    Butter  3  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. 
JANSMA,  5313  H.    Imp.    Milk  74  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JANTINA,  2914  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

JANTJE,  2221  H.    Imp.    Milk  90  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  2623  Ibs.  8  oz.  31  days,  P. 
JANTJE  2o,  497  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  12,623  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 

JANTJE  2o,  8017  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  522  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  16  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
JANTJE  DE  VRIES,  432  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  74  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

JAPONICA,  3714  H.    Imp.    Milk  32  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  5345  Ibs.  3  oz.  6  months  19  days,  P. 
JAPONICA'S  NETHERLAND,  9339  H.  F.    Netherland  Duke,  1571  H. ;  Japonica,  3714  H.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1 

day,  P. 

JASAMI»E,  1782  D.  F.    Excelsior,  266  Neth.;  Elizabeth,  1092  Neth.     Butter  10  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
JAUKE,  2879  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

JEANETTE  OF  SHADELAND,  2419  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  9704  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
JEAN  INGELOW,  1305  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  10,757  Ibs.  9  months.    Butter  18  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
JELKJE  B,  6541  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JELLE  TRINTJE,  5727  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  11,732  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  21 

Ibs.  \\yz  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

JELLUM,  5500  H.    Imp.    Milk  9661  Ibs.  10  oz.  26  days,  A.R. 

JELLUM  2o,  7591  H.  F.    Isaiah,  2539  H. ;  Jellum,  5500  H.    Butter  22  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
JELTJE,  1629  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JELTJE  2D,  3779  H.    Jaap,  452  H. ;  Jeltje,  1269  H.    Milk  64  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  422  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 

Butter  16  Ibs.  7K  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

JELTJE  S,  5760  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  2201  Ibs.  30  days,  A.R. 

JELTJE  S  NETHERLAND,  9335  H.  F.    Netherland  Duke,  1571  H.;  Jeltje  S.    Milk  37  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
JENNE  B  2o,  2910  H.    Jmp.    Milk  86  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  2387  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  month,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  8  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

JENNE  B  3o,  5132  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
JENNE  B  STH,  5134  H.    Imp.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

JENNIE,  4633  H.  F.    Ulrich,  567  H. ;  Schenk,  1045  H.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JENNIE  A,  4270  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

JENNIE  DEANS,  1905  H.    Duke  of  Washington,  575  H. ;  Nauchy,  698  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JENNIE  G,  339  H.    Ajax,  63  H. ;  Anna,  81  H.    Milk  83  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  2218  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P. 
JENNIE  RICHARDSON,  6073  H.  F.    Netherland  Convoy,  2934  H. ;  Elsie  Chester,  4370  H.    Milk  47  Ibs.  8 

oz.  1  day,  A.R.;  3351  Ibs.  12  oz.  90  days,  P. 


MILK   AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  341 

JENNY  CLIFDEN,  151  H.    Imp.    Butter  18  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 

JENNY  CLIFDEN  2o,  2184  H.    Sligo,  621  H.;  Jenny  Clifden,  151  H.    Milk  49  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day.    Butter 

18  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 

JENNY  JONES,  6112  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  1  day,  12,019  Ibs.  11  months  3  days,  P. 
JENNY  LIND,  966  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  1  day,  8318  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  22  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
JENNY  WREN,  10377  H.    Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1  day,  11.823  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  8  oz.  8  days,  P. 
JENNY  WREN  2o,  12172  H.  F.    Violet  V  Boelyn,  768  H.  F. ;  Jenny  Wren.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JENNY  WREN  3o,  16993  H.  F.    De  Brave  Hendrik,  230  H.  F.;  Jenny  Wren,  10377  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1 

day,  P. 

JENTJE,  732  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JEPMA  2o,  733  H.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

JESSE,  490  D.  F.    Unadilla,  71  P.  R. ;  Juno,  484  P.  R.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JESSE  2o's  AAGGIE,  15933  H.  F.    Aaggie  Leila's  Netherland,  2527  H.  F. ;  Jesse  2d,  1445  H.  F.    Milk  65 

Ibs.  1  day,  P. :  429  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  17  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
JESSIE,  342  H.    Imp.    Butter  10  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

JESSIE  20,  4403  H.  F.    De  Jongh,  3465  H. ;  Jessie,  342  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JESSIE  ARTIS,  4857  H.  F.     Artis,  127  Neth. ;  Anna,  3363  Neth.    Milk  11,540  ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter 

15  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
JESSIE  BARNUM,  10^62  H.    Picador,  3044  H.;  Lady  Barnum,  6281  H.  Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  9449  Ibs.  4  oz. 

9  months,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  2;34'  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

JESSIE  BEETS,  8123  H.  F.    Mooie  Hartog  4th,  418  D.  F. ;  Dora  Beets  3d,  268  D.  F.    Milk  64  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

day,  8081  Ibs.  8  oz.  6  months,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
JETTA,  5025  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JETTA  2o,  9239  H.    Royal  Aaggie,  3463  H.;  Jetta,  5025  H.    Milk  41  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.;  12,458  Ibs.  1 

year,  P. 

JETT  TOPSY,  20459  H.  F.    Mazda,  2672  H. ;  Topsy  Beauty,  1710  H.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 
JEWEL,  668  H.    Imp.    Milk  100  Ibs.  1  day,  9439  Ibs.  271  days,  P.    Butter  5  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P.;  31  Ibs. 

3>a'  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
JEWEL  2o,  119  H.    Ebbo,  236  H.;  Jewel,  668  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  10,227  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 

Butter  27  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

JEWEL  3D,  2188  H.    Mahomet,  289  H. ;  Jewel,  668  H.    Milk  69  Ibs.  1  day,  2,376  Ibs.  3  oz.  31  days,  P. 
JEWEL  ECHO,  7744  H.  F.    Echo's  Prince  of  Wayne,  31    H.  F.;  Jewel  2d,  1119  H.    Milk  56  Ibs.  6  oz.  1 

day.    Butter  17  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
JIKKE  HERBERT,  9641  H.  F.    Florence  Herbert's  Kazoo,  4053  H.;  Jikke,  6548  H.    Butter  14  Ibs.  8 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

JOAN,  846  H.    Imp.    Milk  6  J  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

JODIN,  10403  H.    Imp.     Milk  70  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,    Butter  18  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 
JOEL,  6128  H.    Imp.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  9999  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
JOHANNA,  1421  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JOHANNA,  344  H.    Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  12,264  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
JOHANNA  2o's  BEAUTY,  5415  H.  F.    Oakland  Chief,  3259  H. ;  Johanna  2d,  3088  H.     Milk  44  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

day,  301  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P.     Butter  16  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
JOHANNA  5TH,  9343  H.  F.    Oakland  Chief,  3259  H. ;  Johanna,  344  H.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  402  Ibs.  7  oz. 

10  days.    Butter  23  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 

JOHANNA  5TH's  CLOTHILDE,  30836  H.  F.    Aaggie  Cornelia  5th's  Clothilde  Imperial,  11822  H.  F.; 

Johanna  5th.     Milk  287  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.  R.     Butter  12.56  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
JOHANNA  LEE  2o,  3278  H.    I  up.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JOHANNA  NIG,  17664  H.  F.     Ben  Loeman,  1607  H.  F.;   Johanna  4th,  2129  H.  F.     Milk  35  Ibs.  7  oz.  1 

day,  238  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days.    Butter  11  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 
JOHANNA  RUE  2o,  33788  H.  F.    Aaggie  Cornelia  5th's  Clothilde  Imperial,  11822  H.  F. ;  Johanna  Rue, 

21223  H.  F.     Milk  324  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R.     Butter  12  21  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
JONELLA  2o,  8960  H.  F.    Bugle,  3033  H. ;  Jonella,  6249  H.    Milk  395  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
JONGE  LUITZEN,  8217  H.    Imp.    Milk  67  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  455  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P.     Butter  22  Ibs.  12 

oz.  7  days.  A.R. 

JONGSTE  AAGGIE.  398  D.  F.    Gerben;  Antje.    Milk  74  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1,974  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P. 
JONKER,  3245  F.  H.  B.    Imp.     Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

JOSEPHINA,  661  H.  F.    Angus,  907  H. ;  Tedora,  1206  H.     Milk  85  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JOSIE  LYLE,  4450  H.    Imp.     Milk  994  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
JOY,  1189  H.    Conqueror,  388  H.;  Johanna,  344  H.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JOZEFIA,  959  H.  F.    Bouwke  2d,  262  Neth. ;  Jozefla,  1048  Neth.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  9  Ibs.  3  oz. 

1  day,  P. 

JUANITA,  5625  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  2086  Ibs.  30  days.  P. 
JUDITH,  152  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JUDITH  W  2o,  1287  H.  F.    Lad  of  Prescott,  2389  H. ;  Judith  W.  3065  H.     Milk  7936  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  months, 

A.R. 

JUFROU,  153  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,011  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  471  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
JULIA  2o,  25171  H.  F.     Milk  Prince.  2865  H. ;  Julia,  5073  H.     Milk  2136  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
JULIETTA  OF  SHADELAND,  2404  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JUNA  LUSKA,  7049  H.    Imp.     Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

JUNIATA,  154  H.    Rip  Van  Winkle,  35  H. ;  Juno,  15  H.     Milk  13,880  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  P. 
JUNIATA  2o,  562  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H.;  Juniata,  154  H.     Milk  34  Ibs.  1  d<y,  P. 
JUNIE  AARDE,  10339  H.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  11.014  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P. 
JUNO,  155  H.    Imp.     Milk  74  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JURRE,  648  D.  F.    Imp.     Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JUSTINA,  1646  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

KAAN'S  MARIE,  810  D.  F.    Graaf  Adolph,  98  Neth. ;  Johanna,  422  Neth.    Milk  13,997  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year, 

A.R,    Butter  17  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
KAASJE,  846  F.  H.  B.    Imp.     Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
KAATJE,  1139  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
KAATJE  BONNY,  8395  H.  F.    Bonny,  3070  H. ;  Kaatje  Oley,  5695  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter 

lib.  12  oz.  Iday.P. 
KABAGE,  11943  H.  F.    Wacabuc,  3163  H.  F.;  Katydid,  2053  H.    Milk  9508  Ibs.  1  year.    Butter  378  Ibs. 

1  year,  P. 

KALMA  2o.  3299  H.     Imp.     Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  704  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  P. 
KANSAS,  9236  H.    Netherland  Baron,  1573  H.;  Kitty  Fisher,  5627  H.    Milk  57  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 


342  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

KAPPIJNE,  9998  H.    Imp.    Milk  15,227  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  year.    Butter  19  Ibs.  12%  ox.  7  days,  P. 
KAPPIJNE  2o,  10039  H.  Jacob  de  Hollander,  357  N. ;  Kappijne,  9998  H.    Butter  11  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
KAPPIJNE  3o,  9364  H.  F.    Netherland  Monk,  4424  H.;  Kappijne,  9998  H.    Milk  11,344  Ibs.  11  oz.  1 

year,  A.R.    Butter  9  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
KASHMANN,  9059  H.    Imp.    Butter  19  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 
KASSIE,  2802  H.  F.    Mooie,  26  D.  F. ;  Kastaleintje  2d,  1483  D.  F.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  8,753  Ibs.  8 

oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  28  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
KATK  2o,  3543  H.    Prince  of  the  Meadows,  539  H  ;  Kate,  156  H.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  2 

Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  17  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 

KATE  EDGE,  5401  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
KATHLEEN  SPOFFORD,  10734  H.  F.    Mooie  Hartog  4th,  418  D.  F.;  Nannie  Spofford,  1785  H.    Milk 

38  Ibs.  1  day,  868  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
KATHRIN,  510  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,810  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

KATIE  D,  14430  H.  F.    Ironville,  7556  H.  F. ;  Rotha,  6506  H.    Butter  14  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
KATIE  NETHERLAND,  7873  H.    Netherland  Duke,  1571  H.;  Blueberry,  2671  H.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
KATINKA,  350  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,116  Ibs.  8  months  3  days,  P. 
KATINKA  2o.  491  H.    Motley,  126  H.;  Katinka,  350  H.    Milk  12,548  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
KATISHA,  2852  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  38  qts.  1  day,  P. 

KATRINA,  1071  H.    Second  Consul,  339  H. ;  Clasina,  269  H.     Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
KATYDID  2053  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  8,600  Ibs.  8  months.    Butter  15  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
KATY  HIJLAARD,  5404  H.  F.    Mooie  Hartog,  418  D.  F.;  Vrouwkje  of  Hijlaard  2d.    Butter  20  Ibs.  6 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

KATY  K,  5466  H.    Imp.    Milk  74  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day.    Butter  19  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
KATY  SPOFFORD,  5074  H.  F.     Glendale,  3417  H.;  Nannie  Spofford,  1785  H.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  416 

Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
KEAY,  360  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

KEETJE  VON  HOLINGEN,  17215  H.  F.    Lodewijk,  557  Neth.;  Keetje,  5027  Neth.    Milk  50 Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
KEKA  OF  WOODSIDE,  928  D.  F.    Rauward,  25  M.  R. ;  Guschen  2d,  909  D.  F.     Milk  10,89d  Ibs.  15  oz.  1 

year,  P. 
KEKKE  3o,  887  D.  F.    Burg  Hartog,  3  M.  R. ;  Kekke,  74  M.  R.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  3709  Ibs.  4  oz.  73 

days,  A.R.    Butter  17  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
KENTUCKY  BELLE,  861  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
KETELAAR,  3231  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  73  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
KETURAH,  1182  H.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  16  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
KETURAH  2o,  1567  H.    Imp.   Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

KEWAUNEE,  8911  H.    Friesland  Prince,  1597  H. ;  Venus  3d,  2398  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
KHRONE,  8279  H.  F.    Jelle,  202  F.  H.  B.;  Dina,  832  F.  H.  B.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  1,342  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
KINNIE,  15775  H.  F.    Duke  of  St.  Anna,  614  D.  F.;  Lady  Gretchen,  428  D.  F.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day. 

551  Ibs.  8  oz.  11  days,  P. 

KIOLA,  402  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

KIRSTINA,  3131  H.  Imp.  Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P.  Butter  18  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
KISMET,  1784  H.  Imp.  Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day.  Butter  1 1  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
KITTIE  EDLER,  4048  H.  F.  Sterling,  315  D.  F. ;  Jassma  Goudgeld,  42  D.  F.  Milk  7,626  Ibs.  12  oz.  10 

months,  A.R. 
KITTY  C.  ARTIS,  17893  H.  F.    Artis  Peer,  9048  H.  F.;  Kitty  Chatham  2d,  7234  H.  F.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1 

day,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
KITTY  CHATHAM,  248  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  of  Aaggie,  1450  H. ;  Carlotta  2d,  3555  H.    Milk  43  Ibs.  2  oz.  1 

day,  8016  Ibs.  8  months  11  days,  P.    Butter  22  Ibs.  4%  oz.  7  days,  P. 
KITTY  CLOVER,  1537  D.  F.    Willem,  204  F.  H.  B. ;  Trintje,  1213  F.  H.  B.    Butter  10  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days, 

A.R. 
KITTY  CLOVER  3D,  15323  H.  F.    Mooie  Twisk  4th,  706  D.  F. ;  Kitty  Clover,  1537  D.  F.    Butter  18  Ibs. 

12K  oz.  7  days,  P. 

KITTY  FISHER,  5627  H.    Imp.    Milk  69  Ibs.  1  day,  1999  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
KITTY  K  2o,  4707  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
KITTY  POSCH,  13600  H.  F.    Uncle  Dan  Barnum,  5070  H.  F. ;  Emma  Posch  2d,  4610  H.  F.    Butter  13 

Ibs.  15%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

KIZERIN,  9285  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
KIZERIN  2D,  9488  H.    Don  Karlos,  50  Neth. ;  Kizerin,  9285  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  13  Ibs.  12  ^ 

oz.  7  days,  P. 

KLAASJE,  2565  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  11,109  Ibs.  3  oz.  260  days,  A.R, 
KLAASJE  VEEMAN  2o,  1432  D.  F.    De  Watergeus,  229  P.  R. ;  Klaasje  Veeman,  659  P.  R.    Milk  8605 

Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
KLAATJE,  10409  H.    Pel,  122  F.  H.  B. ;  Klaasje,  846  F.  H.  B.    Milk  82  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  10 

oz.  7  days,  P. 

KLARA,  3020  H.    Imp.    Milk  87  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  14,506  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

KLASKE  L,  5860  H.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  11,978  Ibs.  3  oz.  8  months  10  days,  A.R. 
KLASINA  HENGEVELD,  656  Neth.    Milk  102  Ibs.  1  day,  956  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days.    Butter  26  Ibs.  5K  oz.  7 

days,  97  Ibs.  5  oz.  30  days,  P. 
KLASINA  HENGEVELD  2o,  4998  H.    Imp.    Milk  91  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  2465  Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs. 

13  oz.  7  days,  P. 

KLASINA  HENGEVELD  3D,  9387  H.    Imp.    Mil  k  59  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day ,  P. 
KLASINA  PAYNE,  5896  H.    Imp.    Milk  102  Ibs  1  day,  P. ;  965  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  P.    Butter  26  Ibs.  7 

days,  97  Ibs.  5  oz.  30  days,  P. 

KLASKE,  1639  H.    Imp.    Milk  85  Ibs.  1  day,  2374  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
KLAY,  5000  H.    Imp.    Milk  91  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  P. 
KLAY  3D,  304  H.  F.    Jacob  Wit,  2662  H.;  Klay,  5000  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  10,829  Ibs.  4  oz   10 

months,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 

KLAY  7ra  1169  D.  F.    Teunis,  85  Neth. ;  Klay,  360  Neth.    Milk  39  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
KLAYTONIA,  4999  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  5X  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  26  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
KLAY  WINKEE,  4085  H.  F.    Keyes  6th,  1692  H. ;  Klay  7th.  3249  H.    Milk  3771  Ibs.  10  oz,  4  months  27 

days,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs.  7%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

KLAZIENTJE,  10396  H.    Imp.    Milk  83  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  19  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
KLAZIENTJE  3D,  3529  H.  F.    International  Prince,  4600  H. ;  Klazientje,  10396  H.    Milk  6802  Ibs.  7 

oz.  9  months,  A.R. 
KLAZINA  2o,  7395  H.    Billy  Boelyn,  189  H.;  Klazina,  2989  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  10,006  Ibs.  1   year, 

P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  343 

KLEINE  2o,  4721  H.    Imp.    Milk  25%  qts.  1  day,  P. 

KLEITEBP  4TH,  228  D.  F.    Kleiterp,  70  M.  R. :  Mooie,  26  M.  R.    Milk  1,000  Ibs.  20  clays,  P. 
KLEITERP  STH,  311  D.  F.    Mooie,  26  M.  R. ;  Kleiterp  3d,  162  M.  R.    Butter  14  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days  A.R. 
KLIMENIA,  4149  H.  F.    Mooie,  26  M.  R. ;  Klimenia,  1772  D.  F.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  clay,  8,371  Ibs.  9  months, 

A.R. 

KNUTELTJE,  5422  H.    Imp.    Milk  1763  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days.    Butter  62  Ibs.  12  oz.  30  days,  P. 
KOL,  1036  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
KOLLIE  LINCOLN,  5696  H.    Imp.    Milk  90  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

KOLTJE  2D,  4626  H.  F.     Harrold,  381  D.  F.:  Koltje,  634  D.  F.    Milk  760"  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
KONENGEN,  9283  H.     Imp.     Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
KONINGEN  2D,  6504  H.    Billy  Boelvn,  189  H.;  Koniugen,  3002  H.    Milk  52  Ibs.   1  day,  8,227  Ibs.  1 

year,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 

KONINGIN  VAN  FRIESLAND  3o,  3266  H.    Imp.    Milk  89  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  23,616  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year,  P. 
KONINGIN  VAN  FRIESLAND  4TH.    Imp.    Milk  90  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

KONINGIN  VAN  FRIESLAND  5xn,  3302  H     Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  19.700  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P. 
Koos,  6822  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  9967  Ibs  1  year,  P. 
KOOY,  8118  H.    Imp.    Butter  18  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
KORNELISKA,  7811  H.  F.    Imp.     Milk  85  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
KORNELISKA  2o,  23719  H.  F.    Netherland  Lincoln,  2554  H.  F.;  Korneliska,  7811  II.  F.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1 

day,  1563  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

KOSTER  3D,  3260  H.    Imp.    Milk  99  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  2483  Ibs.  31  days,  P. 
KROMHOORN,  5775  H.    Imp.    Milk  73  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

KROONTJE,  5584  H.    Gerben,  7  F.  H.  B. :  Kroontje,  248  F.  H.  B.    Butter  3  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
KROONTJE  2o,  25725  H.  F.    Klasina  Payne's  Gold  Dust,  12746  H.  F. ;  Kroontje,  5584  H.    Butter  3  Ibs. 

1  day,  25  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 

KRYERS,  8537  H.    Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
KTRINA,  987  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  3  oz   1  day,  P. 
KULA,  7843  H.    Pierre,  1348  H. ;  Meyd,  941  H.     Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
KYKNIT,  2026  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LAAN,  3207  H.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

LAANTJE,  321  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  6>o  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

LA  BELLE  FARMINGTON,  5949  H.    Meadow  Prince,  1154  H.;  Mabel  Livingston.    Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LADY  AKERSLOOT,  6678  H.     Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LADY  AKKRUM,  8153  H.    Duke  of  Hebron,  1607  H.;    Lodema  Akkrum,  1908  H.    Milk  69  Ibs.  1  day. 

Butter  21  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LADY  AKKRUM  2o,  9392  H.  F.    Lad  Deane,  579  H.  F. ;  Lady  Akkrum,  8153  H.    Milk  67  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day. 

Butter  24  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
LADY  ALLIS,  7141  H.    Copal,  1142  H. ;  Sieberen  3d,  2302  H.    Milk  59  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day.    Butter  15  Ibs.  7 

days,  P. 
LADY  ALMA  BREEZE,  26053  H.  F.    Shadeland  Consul,  8761  H.  F. ;  Shadeland  Breeze  2d,  2958  H.  F. 

Milk  36  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  1,036  Ibs.  30  days,  A.R.    Butter  9  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
LADY  ALTJE,  730  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  47  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 

LADY  ANDOVER,  16  H.    Zuider  Zee  2d,  57  H. ;  Midwould  4th,  26  N.     Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  ANNA'S  AAGGIE  1115  H.  F.    Sir  Newton  of  Aaggie,  1851  H.;  Lady  Anna,  331 4  H.    Butter  30 

Ibs.  Uya  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LADY  ANNIE,  1083  H.    Saladin,  336  H. ;  Milk  Maid,  194  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  ANTRIM,  352  H.    Dictator,  82  H.;  Anja,  80  H.     Milk  72  Ibs.  4  oz.  1   day,  11,829  Ibs.  7  months  14 

days,  P. 
LADY  ARIAN,  5890  H.  F.    Arian,  3256  H. ;  Hettie  Rose.  10511  H.     Milk  48  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  4,888  Ibs. 

4  months,  A.  R.    Butter  11  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
LADY  ARTIS,  4525  H.    Artis,  127  Neth.;  Jansje,  596  Neth.    Milk  57  Ibs.  1  day,  11,677  Ibs.  10  oz.  1 

year,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LADY  ASHLEY,  4374  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  ASTREA,  4863  H.    Duke  of  Anjon,  1250  H. ;  Astrea,  88  H.     Milk  733  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R.     Butter 

22  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
LADY  BAKER,  1112  H.    Sligo,  621  H. ;  Ariel,  85  H.    Milk  77  Ibs,  8  oz.  1   day,  P.    Butter  5  Ibs.  UK  oz. 

1  day,  P. ;  34  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A  R. 
LADY  BAKER  2o,  2473  H.    Dalrymple,  618  H.;  Lady  Baker,  1112  H.    Milk  67  Ibs.  1  day.  1,834  Ibs.  12 

oz.  30  days,  A.R.    Butter  18  Ibs.  6j4'  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
LADY  BANTA,  11349  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LADY  BARNUM,  6281  H.    Imp     Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  6%  oz.  7  days,  A  R. 
LADY  BATTELS  2o,  8497  H.    Sligo,  621  H. ;  Lady  Burk,  353  H.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  BELLE,  216  H.    Imp.    Milk  9.704  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  P. 
LADY  BIRD,  6125  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  8  oz   1  day,  P. 
LADY  BOERSMA,  7514  H.    Imp.     Milk  78  Ibs.  1  day,  11,449  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  months  27  days.  P.     Butter  17 

Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

LADY  BONAPARTE,  5938  H.  F.    Dunn,  612  D.  F. ;  Lady  of  St.  Anna.    Milk  70  Ibs.,  P. 
LADY  BOONSTRA,  6926  H.  F.     Forster,  2771  H.;  Boonstra  4th,  7408  H.     Butter  16 Ibs.  7  clays,  P. 
LADY  BYRON,  4378  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  CLARINA,  7249  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  CLAY,  15  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LADY  CLIFDEN.  159  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  17,746  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P. 
LADY  COLLINS,  2949  H.    Joe  Jefferson,  273  H. ;  Hepsey,  1674  H.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  DE  HAAN,  615  D.  H.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  2018  Ibs.  14  oz.  30  days,  P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  7 

days,  P. 
LADY  DE  HAAN  2o,  1761  D.  F.    De  Watergeus,  229  P.  R. ;  Lady  De  Haan,  615  P.  R.    Butter  20  Ibs.  7 

days,  A.R 
LADY  DELIGHT,  782  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,890  Ibs.  347  days.    Butter  2  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  18  Ibs.  12  ox.  7 

days,  P. 

LADY  DE  RUITER,  6942  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,638  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year.  P. 
LADY  DE  VRIES,  4056  H.     Imp.    Milk  91  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  18.848  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P. 
LADY  DE  VRIES  KLASINA,  2572G  H.  F.     Klasina  Payne's  Gold  Dust,  12746  H.  F. ;  Payne's  Lady  De 

Vries  2d,  903  H.     Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  DUCHESS,  6363  H.  F.     My  Favorite's  Lad,  4314  H.;  Duchess,  2705  H.    Milk  6630  Ibs.  1  oz.  10 

months,  A.R.    Butter  19  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 


344  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

LADY  ECHO  2o,  16410  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  of  Maplewood,  6296  H.  F.;  Lady  Echo,  5783  H.     Milk  50  Ibs 

1  day.    Butter  14  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LADY  ELGIN  2o,  1793  H.  F.  Jan  Wit,  2524  H.;  Lady  Elgin,  2183  H.    Milk  85  Ibs.  1  day,  P 
LADY  ETHELIND.  1371  H.    Pride  of  Lakeside  2d,  322  H.;  Lady  Eva,  161  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  15  oz  1 

day,  7676  Ibs.  3  oz.  6  months  28  days,  P. 
LADY  ETHELIND  2o,  6398  H.    Syracuse,  822  H. ;  Lady  Ethelind,  1371  H.    Milk  49  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  1383 

Ibs.  14  oz.  1  month,  P. 

LADY  EVA,  161  H.    Imp.    Milk  106  Ibs.  1  day.  7205  Ibs.  115  days,  P. 
LADY  FAY,  4470  H.    Imp.    Milk  97  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  P.;  20,412  Ibs.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  22  Ibs.  3K  oz 

7  days,  A.R. 

LADY  FISHER,  855  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  FLORA,  2168  H.    Crown  Prince,  80  H.;  Opperdoes  17th,  198  H.    Milk  93  Ibs.  12  oz    1  day,  2654 

Ibs.  4  oz.  30  days,  P.    Butter  22  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LADY  FLORA  3o,  3634  H.  F.    Jaques,  765  H. ;  Lady  Fisher,  2168  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.;  5987 

Ibs.  3  months  18  days,  A.R.    Butter  17  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

LADY  FLOYD,  9764  H.    Roman  Chief,  1151  H. :  Niobe,  816  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 
LADY  GARSON  2o,  2726  H.  F.    No-No,  4076  H.:  Lady  Garson,  10423  H.    Milk  36^1bs  1  day,  P. 
LADY  GERDA,  808  H.  F.    Mercedes  Prince,  2150  H  ;  Gerda,  5309  H.    Milk  68?7  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  months,  P. 
LADY  GERDA  2o,  8768  H.  F.    Billy  Bawn,  3087  H.;  Lady  Gerda,  808  H.  F.     Milk  7600  Ibs.  1  oz.  10 

months,  A.R. 

LADY  GRETCHEN.    Imp.    Milk  800  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
LADY  GRISWOLD,  6878  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  1  day,  17,023  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  24  Ibs.  13  oz. 

7  days,  101  Ibs.  10  oz.  30  days,  P. 
LADY  GRISWOLD'S  NETHERLAND,  11102  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Lady  Griswold,  6878  H. 

Milk  8420  Ibs.  7  oz.  11  months  12  days,  A.R.     Butter  16  Ibs.  7  days.  A.R. 
LADY  HARRISON,  12849  H.  F.    Sir  Archie,  2298  H.  F. ;  Jelkje,  6541  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  HELEN,  18<!9  H.    Imp.    Milk  39  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  HENDRICK,  10376  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  74  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  HENDRICK  3o,  28715  H.  F.    Murillo's  Mercedes  Prince,  12363  H.  F.    Milk  89  Ibs   1  day,  871  Ibs. 

10  days,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  H'SKE.    Imp.    Milk  488  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
LADY  HORN,  2873  H.  F.    Birghorn,  4075  H. ;  Aafge,  8973  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  8849  Ibs.  1  year, 

P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  6}£  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
LADY  HORNELL  786  H.  F.    Jacob  Wit,  2662  H. ;  Little  Muffits,  5016  H.    Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,  606  Ibs.  10 

days,  P. 
LADY  JANS,  4883  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day.  A.R.;  15,796  Ibs.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  18  Ibs.  5 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
LADY  KIRBY  OF  MAPLEWOOD,  5969  H.  F.    Osman  Digma,  3007  H. ;  Sallie  Kirby,  2879  H.    Milk  549  Ibs. 

10  days,  A.R. ;  5660  Ibs.  4  months,  A.R.    Butter  15  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
LADY  K  OF  RIVERVIEW,  6731  H.  F.    Commodore  Preble,  3191  H. ;  Evalena  of  Shadeland,  8601  H. 

Milk  41  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1095  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

LADY  KOSTER,  1404  H.    Imp.     Milk  69  Ibs.  1  day  P. :  3442  Ibs.  60  days,  P. 
LADY  KURT,  358  H.    Kurt,  120  H. ;  Lea,  169  H.    Butter  13  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
LADY  LINCOLN,  5694  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  LOCKSPUR,  8220  H.  F.    Neptune  Fairview,   3886  H.;  Lockspur  2d,  2906  H.    Milk  38  Ibs.  1  day, 

6519  Ibs.  10  months,  20  days,  P. 

LA.DY  LORAINE,  1091  H.  F.    Bonny,  3070  H. ;  Lady  Lauree,  6366  H.     Butter  12  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LADY  MABEL,  371  H.    Imp.    Butter  17  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

LADY  MAC,  1366  H.   Col.  Fox,  206  H.;  Jennie  G,  339  H.   Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  2022  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  month,  P. 
LADY  MAC  2o,  3617  H.  F.     Turk,  3244  H. ;  Lady  Mac,  1366  H.    Milk  8572  Ibs.  2^5  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 
LADY  MARION,  1825  H.    Imp.    Butter  15  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
LADY  MARRINGA  2o,  16255  H.  F.    Staveren,  3639  H. ;  Lady  Marringa,  7978  H.     Milk  71  ibs.  1  day,  P. 

Butter  21  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LADY  MARY,  3452  H.    Trump,  354  H. ;  Blossom,  256  H.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  641  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
LADY  MEB,  6649  H.    Prince  Alexander;  Meb,  1417  Neth.    Milk  8117  Ibs.  230  days.  P. 
LADY  MEINSMA  4TH,  5052  H.  F.    Major  Pel,  2763  H. ;  Lady  Meinsma,  8563  H.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  501 

Ibs.  10  days,  P. 

LADY  MIDWOULD,  17  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LADY  MIGNONETTE,  3591  H.    Bounce,  873  H. ;  Dahlia,  1835  H.    Milk  39  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  MOTLEY,  2763  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  10.500  Ibs.  9  months,  P. 
LADY  NEKO,  19675  H.  F.    Governor  Hill,  7748  H.  F.;  Antonia  Neko,  8553  H.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  NETHERLAND,  1263  H.    Imp.    Milk  73  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  13,875  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  P.  Butter  21  Ibs. 

3  oz.  7  days,  A.  R. ;  88  Ibs.  6  oz.  30  days,  P. 
LADY  NETHERLAND  OF  BROOKSIDE,  23478  H.  F.    Aaggie  Leila's  Prince,  4419  H. ;   Madame  Henger- 

veld,  1333  H.    Butter  15  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
LADY  NUDINE,  3432  H.  F.    Billy  Bawn,  3087  H.;  Nudine  2d,  9413  H.    Milk  54  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  11,000 

Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
LADY  OF  BROEK  2o,  2799  H.    Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  11,187  Ibs.  1  oz.  8  months,  6  days,  A.R. 

Butter  20  Ibs.  3>£  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LADY  OF  LYONS,  2767  H.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  8761  Ibs.  5  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
LADY  OF  LYONS  2o,  6399  H.    Neptune,  711  H. ;  Lady  of  Lyons,  2767  H.    Milk  63  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. ; 

8008  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  months,  16  days,  A.R. 
LADY  OF  LYONS  3o,  572  H.  F.    Uncle  Tom  2d,  1163  H. ;  Lady  of  Lyons,  2767  H.    Milk  8123  Ibs.  6  oz. 

10  months,  A.R. 
LADY  OF  LYONS  4TH,  4001  H.  F.    Billy  Bawn,  3087  H. ;  Lady  of  Lyons,  2767  H.    Milk  58  Ibs.  4  oz.  1 

day,  12,000  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
LADY  OF  ST.  ANNA,  413  D.  F.    Wassenaar;  Groote.    Milk  68  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.;  612  Ibs.  12  oz.  10 

days,  A.R.    Butter  28  Ibs.  7  days,  7  Ibs.  ?  oz.  2  days,  P. 

LADY  OF  THE  LAKE,  574  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  12,201  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P. 
LADY  OF  VERONA,  4750  H.  F.    Neptune  Fairview,  3886  H. ;  Lockspur  2d's  Netherland,  8750  H.     Milk 

9135  Ibs.  10  months  11  days,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
LADY  OLLIE  ARTIS,  2306  H.  F.    Artis  Jr.,  2723  H. ;  Duchess  of  Beemster,  4621  H.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day, 

366  Ibs.  8  oz.  6  days,  P.    Butter  5  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  26  Ibs.  <•>%.  oz.  6  days,  P. 
LADY  OOSTERBAAN,  526  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  PANSY,  5572  H.    David  Copperfleld,  404  H.;  Janna,  1632  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  14,600  Ibs.  1 

year,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 


MILK   AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  345 

LADY  PARAGON,  2905  H.  F.    Paragon,  1175  H. ;  Queen  of  the  Hill  4th,  3793  H.    Butter  16  Ibs.  4  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 

LADY  PERCY,  4375  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  PHILPAIL,  10394  H.    Imp.    Milk  95  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  11,040  Ibs.  5  months,  P.    Butter  25  Ibs.  3 

oz.  7  days,  P. 

LADY  PHILPAIL  2o,  937  H.  F.    Nicholas,  567  Neth. ;  Lady  Philpail,  10394,  H.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  PHILPAIL  3o,  4208  H.  F.    International  Prince;  Lady  Philpail,  10394  H.    Milk  49  Ibs.  6oz.  1 

day,  P.    Butter,  12  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LADY  PHILPAIL  4-TH,  12551  H.  F.    Matchet;  Lady  Philpail,  10394  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  PLAS,  4628  H.    Imp.    Milk  85  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  2323  Ibs.  12  oz.  30  days,  A.R.    Butter  15  Ibs.  10>£ 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

LADY  PLUISTER,  6712  H.    Imp.    Butter  18  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LADY  PORTAGE,  434  H.  F.    Major  Pel,  2763  H. ;  Kroontje,  5584  H.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  PYM,  8236  H.    Jonge  Prins,  197  Neth. ;  Antje,  146  Neth.     Milk  75  Ibs.  12  oz.  1   day,  P.     Butter 

22  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LADY  QUEEN,  1093  H.    Heike,  266  H. ;  Aileen,  237  H.    Milk  47  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LADY  REX,  4376  H.    Imp.     Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LADY  SALATINE,  10285  H.    Imp.    Milk  9048  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 

LADY  SAPPHO,  10550  H.  F.    Netherland  Convoy,  2934  H. ;  Aaggie  Sappho,  4574  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  8  oz. 

1  day,  1103  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P.    Butter  9  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  A.R. ;  26  Ibs.  9oz.  3  weeks,  P. 
LADY  SCHOLTON,  1054  H.    Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.,  1  day,  P. 
LADY  SCHOLTON  3o,  1056  H.     Stadtholder,  157  H. ;  Lady  Scholton  2d,  1055  H.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

Butter  21  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  20  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LADY  SCHOORL,  6764  H.    Imp.    Milk  37  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  SIPFINGA  2o,  554  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  SMYTHE,  9063  H.    Imp.    Milk  9700  Ibs.  1  year.  P. 
LADY  SOCIAL,  9062  H.    Imp.    Butter,  17  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LADV  SPARKLE,  5259  H.  F.    Promoter,  1518  H. ;  Sophie  Sparkle,  5385  H.    Milk  35  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  SPOFPORD,  9642  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  STANLEY,  4377  H.     Imp.     Milk  78  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  1882  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  A.R.     Butter  17 

Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days  A.R. 

LADY  STOUT,  1891  H.    Imp.    Milk  484  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
LADY  SUTTON,  10330  H.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LADY  TEXAL  4TH,  10  D.  F.    Imp.    3Iilk  81  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  4  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  THURSTON,  6818  H.    Imp.     Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  24  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LADY  THURSTON  2o,  3141  H.  F.    Tamenund,  4568  H. ;  Lady  Thurston,  6818  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  TIMBER  POINT,  10291  H.  F.    Bouwke,  100  Neth. ;  Antje,  224  Neth.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  TRONI,  4659  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  1946  Ibs.  30  days,  A.R.    Butter  18  Ibs    12  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 
LADY  TWISK  OF  MEADOWVALE,  4173  H.    Baron,  2133  H. ;  6th  Maid  of  Twisk,  3891  H.    Milk  8048  Ibs. 

10  months,  A.R 
LADY  VALENCIA,  6382  H,    Prince  Opperdoes,  387  H. ;  Detmara,  3147  H.    Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  P.  Butter 

23  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  P 

LADY  VAN,  929  D.  F.    Wijndert,  102  P.  R. ;  Tjerk,  224  P.  R.    Milk  9514  Ibs.  9  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 
LADY  VAN  4TH,  27166  H.  F.    Hamilton  2d,  5608  H.  F. ;    Lady  Van,  929  D.  F.     Milk  54  Ibs.  7  oz.  1 

day,  P. 
LADY  VAN  BEERS,  6651  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  9242  Ibs.  230  days,  P.     Butter  19  Ibs.  12  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

LADY  VET,  2518  H.    Kees.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  WAIBOER,  6772  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  WALWORTH,  956  H.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  14,287  Ibs.  5  oz.  10  months,  A.R.  Butter 

19  Ibs.  7  days,  37  Ibs.  6  oz.  14  days,  A.R. 

LADY  WESTWOUD,  11611  H.  F.    Peter,  103  Neth.;  Glenburine,  8788  H.    Milk  80  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LADY  WINKEL,  4656  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LA  FAVORITA,  6715  H.    Imp.    Milk  47  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  760  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
LA  FAVORITE,  1255  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 
LAHASKA,  7649  H.    Imp.     Milk  70  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 

LAKESIDE  ADELA,  9947  H.    Imp.     Milk  11 ,939  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  A.R.     Butter  13  Ibs.  10^  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LAKESIDE  BERTA,  10012  H.    Imp.    Butter  11  Ibs.  \2%  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LAKESIDE  CLARISSA,  9915  H.    Imp.    Milk  7776  Ibs.  15  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  12  Ibs.  12  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 

LAKESIDE  DAISY,  9899  H.    Imp.     Milk  10,249  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P. 

LAKESIDE  HESTER,  9981  H.     Imp.     Milk  11,065  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  16  Ibs.  6#  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LAKESIDE  PRIZE,  9973  H.     Imp.     Milk  60  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  15,052  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  19 

Ibs.  6}£  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LAKESIDE  RUTH,  9975  H.    Imp.    Milk  44  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  10,518  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  9  Ibs. 

8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LAKESIDE  THEO,  9890  H.    Imp.     Milk  71  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P.;  11,513  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  14 

Ibs.  6}£  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
LAKESIDE  THEO  3o,  8325  H.  F.     Sir  Henry  Lambert,  1263  H.  F. ;  Lakeside  Theo,  9890  H.     Milk  64  Ibs. 

8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  6  Ibs.  8  oz.  3  days.  P. 
LAKESIDE  VIOLA,  9919  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LAKESIDE  WINONA,  10029  H.     Imp.     Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day  P. 
LAMBERTINA,  6889  H.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day.  16,744  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  19  Ibs.  4  oz. 

7  days,  101  Ibs.  10  oz.  30  days,  P. 
LAMBERTIXA  2o,  9365  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Lambertina,  6889  H.    Butter  17  Ibs.  9  oz. 

7  days,  A.R. 
LAMPASAS,  7008  H.    Imp.    Milk  79  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.;  640  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  3  Ibs.  12 

oz.  1  day,  26  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LANDRUS  3o,  8164  H.  F.     Duchess  of  York's  Barent,  88  H.  F. ;  Landrus,  7275  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LANGEDIJK,  2030  H.  F.    De Prins,  310  Neth.;  Langedijk,  609  Neth.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day;  1307  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 

LANGMEER  LASS,  10412  H.    Imp.    Milk  300  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LANGTRY,  2447  H.     Burley,  394  H.;  Silver  Bell,  971  H.    Milk  56  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1568  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
LA  REINA,  2164  H.    Imp.     Milk  69  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day ;  1910  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
LARONTA,  7471  H.    Imp.    Milk  67  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

24 


346  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

LASSIE  JEAN,  19630  H.  F.    Meadowbrook  Chief,  1969  H.  F.;  Annie  Laura,  9354  H.  F.    Milk  1525  Ibs. 

30  days,  9386  Ibs.  8  oz.  8  months,  P. 
LAUNA,  11953  H.  F.    Davalos,  1964  H.  F.;  Pride  of  Elgin,  11081  H.  F.    Milk  8039  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months, 

A.R. 

LAURA,  205  D.  F.    Paul  Hartog;  Laurel.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  9467  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P. 
LAURA  OF  SHADELAND,  2426  H.    Imp.    Milk  67  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  6487  Ibs.  7  oz.  4  months,  P.    Butter 

15  Ibs.  8%  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LAURA  ROOKER,  9906  H.    Royal  Aaggie,  3463  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  11,079  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
LAUREN-TINE,  6979  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  1500  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
LAURIE,  8685  H.    Imp.     Milk  41  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  9154  Ibs.  7  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  13  Ibs.  7 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

LAURINA,  1363  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LAURINDA,  9303  H.    Imp.    Milk  37  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LAVINIA,  168  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LAWRENCE  BEAUTY,  15359  H.  F.     Judge  Mulkey,  985  H.  F. ;  Spierdyk  2d,  4302  H.  F.     Butter  10  Ibs. 

14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
LIZINKA  OP  MAPLEWOOD,  6532  H.  F.     Tennessee  Prince,  3130  H. ;  Cameo  2d,  3554  H.     Milk  53  Ibs.  14 

oz.  1  day,  1474  Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LEA  2D,  170  H.    Imp.     Milk  13768  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
LEAH  VEEMAN,  5526  H.  F.    Hamilton,  686  D.  F. ;  Sixth  Durkje  Veeman,  1904  D.  F.    Milk  8100  Ibs.  10 

months,  A.R. 

LEDA,  1269  D.  F.    Johannes;  De  Jong's  Sjut.    Milk  67  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LED  A,  1677  D.  F.     De  Nette,  324  F. ;  Pieter,  1006  F.     Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  1611  Ibs.  4  oz.  30  days,  P. 

Butter  18  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LEENTJE,  2972  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 

LEENTJE  2D,  2587  H.    Imp.    Milk  56  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  8/4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LEENTJE  MAID,  4652  H.    Imp.    Milk  13,328  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  P. 
LEILA,  5143  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day.  P. 

LEILA  PROMOTER,  1744  H.  F.    Promoter,  1518  H.;  Cordelia,  922  H.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LEMABEL,  6987  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  10,314  Ibs.  15  pz.  1  year,  P. 
LENA,  7019  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  78  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LENAWEE,  1682  D.  F.    Jonge  Carr,  231  F. ;  Koltje,  1803  F.    Butter  9  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
LENAWEE  2o,  2806  H.  F.    Mooie,  26  D.  F. ;  Lenawee,  1C82  D.  F.    Milk  32  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LENTJE  GLENDIVE,  14357  H.  F.    CMendive,  315  H.  F. ;  Lentje  2d.  2587  H.     Milk  538  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
LEONIA  TWEEDE,  1521  D.  F.    Groote  Pier,  194  F. ;  Siebrigje,  2660  F.    Butter  9  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
LESBIA,  6159  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,089  Ibs.  9  months  27  days,  A.R. 
LETHEA,  2082  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  38  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LEUWKJE,  90  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LIBBIE  C,  1178  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  2263  Ibs.  6  oz.  30  days,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  11  oz.  7 

days,  P. 
LIDA,  2778  H.    Imp.    Milk  53  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  8536  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  months  6  days,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs.  13Ja' 

oz.  7  days,  P. 

LIEVIA,  5717  H.    Imp.     Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LIGHTNING'S  BUTTERFLY,  11874  H.  F.    Lightning,  4117  H.;  Butterfly,  906  H.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  548 

Ibs.  10  days,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LIGHTSOME,  2784  H.    Imp.    Milk  16,793  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LIGHTSOME'S  NETHERLAND,  6930  H.  F.    Aegis  Netherland  Prince,  4585  H. ;  Lightsome,  2784  H.    But- 
ter 16  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  A.R 

Lus  (OTis),  1744  H.    Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1  day,  12,000  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
LIJSBERT,  12821  H.  F.    Karel,  254 -F.  H.    Imp.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LILIO,  2019  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  1280  Ibs.  30  days.  P. 

LILITH,  5138  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs  1  day,  562  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LILLA,  2783  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  5674  Ibs.  13  oz.  5  months,  17  days,  P. 
LILLIAN  OLCOTT,  2063  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LILY,  964  H.    Imp.     Milk  66  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  17,302  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  21  Ibs.  4J2'  oz. 

7  days,  83  Ibs.  \\Y2  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 
LILY  DALE,  4301  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LINA  2o,  1413  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LINARIA,  5144  H.    Imp.    Milk  94  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LINDA,  645  H.    Nestor,  127  H  :  Frieda,  306  H.    Milk  34  Ibs.  1  day,  6117  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
LINDA  LEE,  4387  H.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  620  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
LINESKA,  1136  H.    Colonel  Fox,  206  H.;  Lina,  172  H.    Butter  2  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,   18  Ibs.   11  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

LIPKJE,  112  D.  F.    Imp.     Milk  13,021  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

LIPKJE  3D,  6459  H.  F.    Wolters,  146  D.  F. ;  Lipkje,  112  D.  F.    Milk  9000  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
LIPKJE  4TH,  6460  H.  F.    Fritts,  4735  H. ;  Lipkje,  112  D.  F.    Milk  41  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1126  Ibs.  12  oz.  30 

days,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LITTLE  GIFT,  11018  H.  F.    Jan  Wit  13th,  633  H.  F.;  Mina  Spaanz,  1104  H.    Milk  7315  Ibs.  9  months, 

7  days,  A.R. 

LITTLE  KATE,  5035  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LITTLE  WONDER,  1788  H.    Imp.    Milk  6262  Ibs.  8  oz.  11  months,  20  days,  P. 
LIZABEL,  6103  H.    Imp.    Butter  16  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
LIZE,  6292  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LIZZIE  C,  5399  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LIZZIE  D,  3313  H.    Sir  William,  155  H.    Paula,  200  H.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LIZZIE  G,  5396  H.    Imp.    Milk  8595  Ibs.  9  months  15  days,  P. 

LIZZIE  H.  BATTELS,  5909  H.  F.    Sir  Foreest,  4000  H. ;  Lady  Battels  2d,  8479  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LIZZIE  J,  7903  H.  F.    Prince  Rival,  33  H.  F.;  Vinnie  3d,  260  H.  F.    Milk  ll.OCO  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
LIZZIE  J's  JEWEL,  28643  H.  F.    Almee's  Jewel,  10089  H.   F.;  Lizzie  J,  7903  H.  F.    Milk  7000  Ibs.  1 

year,  P. 

LIZZIE  NICHOLS,  5520  H.  F.    Honest  Abe,  749  H. ;  Lizzie  D,  3313  H.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LIZZIE  OF  ALLENTOWN,  20992  H.  F.   Prince  Philpail,  2853  H  F.;  Maaz,  10070  H.   Milk  60 Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LOBELIA,  9436  H.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  14,797  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P.  Butter  14  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
LOCKSPUR  2o,  2906  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  8010  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

LODEWIKA,  11821  H.  F.    Johan,  456  F. ;  1'esch,  2011  F.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  1532  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
LOHRVILLE,  7534  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  347 

LOKING,  12036  H.  F.    Terpstra,  37  F.  H.;  Van  der  Goot,  4456  F.  H.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1   day,  P.;  414  Ibs. 

10  days,  A.R. 

LOLA,  2789  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  996  Ibs.  9  oz.  30  days,  P. 
LONEMMA,  3341  H.  F.    Willem  LLL,  190  Neth. ;  Emma,  95  Neth.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LONE  STAR,  1430  D.  F.    De  Watergens,  229  P.  R. ;  Lily,  646  P.  R.    Milk  427  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
LORA  SADIE  VALE,  11967  H.  F.     Koningen  Van  Friesland  5th1s  Netherland,  3515  H.;  Aaggie  Sadie 

Vale,  4979  H.  F.     Milk  5474  Ibs.  14  oz.  10  months,  P. 

LOREA  NIKO,  9618  H.    Imp.    Milk  79  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  28  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LOREA  NIKO  SD,  4597  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  of  MaplewOod,  2933  H.;  Lorea  Niko,  9618  H.     Milk  48  Ibs. 

1  day,  P. 
LOREA  NIKO  3o,  7597  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  of  Maplewood,  2933  H. ;  Lorea  Niko,  9618  H.    Milk  47  Ibs.  6 

oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LOREA  NIKO  SD'S  ONONIS,  16404  H.  F.    Ononis  Echo's  Prince  of  Wayne,  6293  H.  F. ;  Lorea  Niko  3d, 

9618  H.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 


LORELEIL,  3336  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LORINDA,  7840  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 


LOTJE,  7276  H.    Imp.    Milk  79  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LOTTA,  595  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LOUIE  S,  3684  H.    Imp.    Milk  5598  Ibs.  7  months,  P. 

LOUISA,  2928  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 

LOUISE,  1429  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LOUISE  S,  4039  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 

LOUIZA,  445  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P. 

Lou  MINK,  16298  H.  F.    Mink  Prince,  2865  H. ;  Sooez,  2916  H.  F.    Butter  13  Ibs.  7  oz.,  P. 

LOURINDA  P,  1564  H.     Imp.     Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

LOUVERSE,  675  H.    Imp.     Milk  402  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LOVLIE,  6952  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  1738  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P. 

LOWLAND  LASSIE,  2794  H.    Imp.    Milk  16,745  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  22  Ibs.  3,^  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LUCENA,  3903  H.    Napoleon,  706  H.;  Jean  Ingelow,  1305  H.    Milk  43  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  P. 

LUCENA  3o,  9263  H.  F.    Mercedes1  Mahomet,  2943  H. ;  Lucena,  3903  H.    Milk  1240  Ibs.  59  days,  P. 

LUCIA  ARTIS,  4851  H.    Artis,  127  Neth.;  Marie,  3363  Neth.     Milk  9500  Ibs.  1  oz.  9  months  14  days, 

A.R.    Butter  22  Ibs.  5^  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

LUCIANA,  377  H.  F.    Jan  Wit,  2524  H.    Imp.     Milk  7826  Ibs.  259  days,  P. 
LUCILE,  1358  H.    Col.  Fox,  206  H. ;  Duchess  of  Erie,  119  H.     Milk  30  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LUCK,  2061  H.    Smike,  669  H. ;  Ulrica,  1192  H.    Milk  8215  Ibs.  4  oz.  8  months  21  days,  A.R. 
LUCKY  DEAL,  5279  H.    $  igurehead,  395  H. ;  Bellwort,  253  H.    Milk  620  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
LUCRETIA,  3069  H.    Ben  Butler,  533  H. ;  Myra,  409  H.    Milk  65  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LUCRETIA  L,  2938  H.    Imp.    Milk  78  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LUCRETIA  MOTT,  1262  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,101  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R. 
LUCY,  176  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day,  6659  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  months  21  days,  P. 
LUCY  OF  PACIFIC,  623  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  507  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  12,160  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R. 
LUCYQUIN,  1690  D.  F.    Jamie,  207  P.  R. ;  Van  Scheltinga  2d,  370  P.  R.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LUCY  ROOKER,  9905  H.    Royal  Aaggie,  3463  H.;  Porcelein,  147  Neth.    Milk  40  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day,  7280 

Ibs.  8  oz.  9  months,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs.  4  oz  7  days,  P. 
LUCY  VAN  BEERS,  8392  H.  F.    Duke  of  Portland,  1721  H.  F.;  Dinah  Van  Beers,  1218  H.  F.    Milk  36 

Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LUELLA,  1577  H.    Gen.  Grant,  497  H.;  Lady  Black,  809  H.    Milk  43  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LUITJE  JONGENS,  6442  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LUITZEN'S  MERCEDES,  6912  H.  F.    Mercedes  Prince,  2150  H.;  Jonge  Luitzen,  8217  H.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1 


day,  509  Ibs.  10  days,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P 
>E,  1513  D.  F.     Phillipus,  156  F.  H. ;  Bos,  2346  F.  H.     Mi 
LURANCY,  6137  H.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  12,908  Ibs.  10  months  13  days,  P. 


LUNDE,  1513  D.  F.     Phillipus,  156  F.  H. ;  Bos,  2346  F.  H.     Milk  360  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 


LURLINE,  2797  H.      Imp.      Milk  10,215  Ibs.  4  ox.  8  months  15  days,   A.R.      Butter  20  Ibs.   8  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

LUSTRE  2o.  3661  H.    Imp.    Milk  406  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
LUTSCKE,  8356  H.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  P.     Butter  23  ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LYCAGHT,  8275  H.  F.    Dirk,  439  F. ;  Grietje,  4370  F.    Milk  69  Ibs.  1  day,  1666  Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter 

18  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LYNDORA,  6786  H.    Sir  Edwin  of  Aaggie,  1861  H. ;  Trintjean,  6775  H.    Milk  51  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. 
LYNTJE,  738  H.  F.     Hoogcarspel  L,  362  Neth. ;  Lyntje,  4151  Neth.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  24 

Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 

LYNTJE  2o,  6922  H.  F.    Forster,  2771  H. ;  Lyntje,  738  H.    Butter  26  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days. 
LYRA,  2801  H.    Imp.     Milk  10,242  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  9  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 
LYSKJE,  2822  F.  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
LYTAE,  5304  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MAAIKE  2o,  3287  H.    Freerk,  14  F.  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MAART,  6047  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MAART  D,  6021  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 

MAARTJE,  584  H.    Imp.    Milk  89  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  10,072  Ibs.  9  months,  37  days,  A.R. 

MAARTJE  2o,  6410  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MAARTJE  ROGGEVEEN,  3830  H.  F.    Roggeveen,  420  Neth. ;    Maartje,  1974  Neth.     Milk  6710  Ibs.   6 

months,  P.    Butter  10  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

MAARTJE  SYMMES.  950  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  86  Ibs.  1  day,  1920  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
MAARTJE  SYMMES  2o,  988  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MAARTJE  SYMMES  3o,  989  H.  F.    Maartje  Symmes,  950  H.  F.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day.  P.    Butter  14  Ibs. 

3  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MAARTJE  VAN  KAMPEN,  739  H.  F.    Hoogearspel  I,  362  Neth. ;  Maartje,  4150  Neth.      Milk  55  Ibs.  5  oz. 

1  day,  P. ;  564  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 
MAAZ,  10070  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MABEL,  571  H.    Imp.    Butter  20  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MABEL  ARTIS,  4853  H.  F.     Artis,  127  Neth. ;  Trijntje,  4238  Neth.    Milk  42  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  4903  Ibs.  6 

oz.  4  months  26  days,  P.    Butter  10  Ibs.  11>4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MABEL  DOUGLAS,  1109  H.    Lord  Clifden,  572  H. ;  Alcmaria,  75  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  9000  Ibs.- 1 

year,  P. 
MABEL  LIVINGSTON,  2812  H.    Imp.    Milk  78  Ibs.  1  day,  2010  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 


348  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

MABEL  OP  PACIFIC,  625  H.  F.    Nicolaas,  348  Neth. ;  Aaltje,  1713  Neth.    Milk  550  Ibs.  10  days,  7949  Ibs. 

8  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

MABEL  S,  1414  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  9  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 

MABEL  SPAANZ,  3353  H.    Panic,  871  H.;  Mina  Spaanz,  1104  H.    Milk  64  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  11,828  Ibs.  10 

months,  A.R. 
MABEL  ZEEMAN,  9965  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  8604  Ibs.  15  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter 

9  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

MABELLE  SPAANZ,  3353  H.    Panic,  871  H. ;  Mina  Spaanz,  1104  H.    Milk  64  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1809  Ibs.  30 

days,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  5%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MACAO,  7176  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,008  Ibs.  3  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

MADAM  AUGUSTA  2806  H.    Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  8024  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  months  7  days,  P. 
MADAME  HENGERVELD,  1333  H.  F.    Mooie  Kleiterp,  319  D.  F.;  Aaltje  Hengerveld  3d,  18  D.  F.      Milk 

60  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  3170  Ibs.  2  months,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MADAM  HENDRIK,  4470  H.  F.    Hendrik,  300  Neth.;  Aafje,  4088  Neth.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MADAM  STAPEL,  7799  H.    Willem  3d,   190  Neth. ;  Antje,   107  Neth.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  1390  Ibs.  1 

month,  P. 
MAID  OF  CEDERSIDE,  2207  H.    Cyclone,  392   H. ;  Galaxy  3d,  311  H.    Milk  95  Ibs.  1  day,  2000  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 
MAID  OF  CLTFDEN,  9681  H.  F.    Flora  Clifden's  Mercedes  Prince,  3545  H.;  Maid  of  Eddyes,  7708  H. 

Milk  7885  Ibs.  10  months  A.R. 
MAID  OF  CLINTON,  6979  H.  F.    Rothmere,  326  D.  F.;  Kleiterp  4th,  228  D.  F.     Milk  1573  Ibs.  8  oz.  30 

days,  P. 
MAID  OF  CLOVERDALE,  1365  H.     Alkmaar,  459  H.;  Saapke,  736  H.     Milk  67  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P.; 

10,887  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R. 

MAID  OF  COLUMBUS,  1457  H.    Mark  Tapley,  558  H. ;  Vesta  3d,  469  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MAID  OF  EDDYES,  7708  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. ;   10,821  Ibs.  21  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

Butter  12  Ibs.  7%  oz.  7  days.  P. 

MAID  OF  ERIN,  3615  H.  F.    Turk,  3244  H. ;  Ola,  3375  H.    Milk  5299  Ibs.  15  oz.  9  months  16  days,  P. 
MAID  OF  GOSHEN,  182  H.    Imp.    Milk  1178  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
MAID  OF  LYONS,  3431  H.  F.    Billy  Bawn,  3087  H. ;  Lady  of  Lyons  2d,  6399  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day, 

7810  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
MAID  OF  MAPLECROFT,  7499  H.    Japoon,  1287  H.;  Maid  of  Vernon,  2372  H.    Milk  10285  Ibs.  6  oz.  10 

months,  A.R.    Butter  16  Ibs.  5)4  oz.  7  days,  A  R. 
MAID  OF  MARION,  38057  H.  F.    Sir  Jewel  Echo  Janzen  Mcchthilde,  17562  H.  F. ;  Susie  Wicks,  13402 

H.  F.    Milk  11,112  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
MAID  OF  MENALDUM,  7021  H.    Imp.    Milk  49  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  476  Ibs.  2  oz.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  13  Ibs. 

7  days,  A.R. 

MAID  OF  ORLEANS,  2201  H.    Climax,  204  H. ;  Katrina,  1071  H.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  11,880  Ibs.  11  oz.  8 

months,  P. 

MAID  OF  PAWLING,  7408  H.    Japoon,  1287  H. ;  Maid  of  Orleans,  2201  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MADGE,  374  H.    Monitor,  299  H. ;   Mekia,  395  H.      Milk  55  Ibs.   1  day,  P.     Butter  16  Ibs.  3  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

MADONNA,  1885  H.    Imp.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  1575  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
MAGDALENE,  1873  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  8844  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
MAGENICA,  9832  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MAGGIE,  375  H.    William,  56  H. ;  Midwould  6th,  29  H.    Milk  78  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MAGGIE  ARTIS,  4852  H.  F.    Artis,  127  Neth. :  Bathje,  3465  Neth.    Milk  55  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  5052  Ibs.  4 

oz.  8  months  5  days,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MAGGIE  CLIFDEN,  5265  H.    Imp.    Milk  782  Ibs.  10  days,  16,720  Ibs.  7  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  19 

Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MAGGIE  KEYES,  1743  H.  F.    Keyes  6th,  1692  H. ;  Koningin  Van  Friesland  5th,  3302  H.    Milk  82  Ibs.  8 

oz.  1  day,  19,434  Ibs  4  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  26  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  P. 

MAGGIE  MIDWOULD,  1485  H.  F.    Walter  Scott,  606  H. ;  Maggie,  375  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MAGGIE  MIDWOULD  OF  MARLBORO,  4332  H.  F.    Yohd  Gimel,  3736  H. ;  Maggie,  375  H.     Milk  78  Ibs.  8 

oz.  1  day,  P. 

MAGNA  CHARTA,  8102  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  12  oz.  1.  day,  13,000  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
MAID  MARION,  181  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,112  Ibs.  1  year.  P. 
MAID  OF  AMSTERDAM,  1250  H.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MAID  OF  AUBURN,  5794  H.  F.    Major  Pel,  53  M.  R. ;  Dutch  Girl.  427  D.  F.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MAID  OF  BEACHWOOD,  2251  H.    Halifax,  385  H.;  Lily  of  the  Valley,  1007  H.     Milk  41  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day, 

P.    Butter  117  Ibs.  8  oz.  65  days,  P. 

MAID  OF  PURMER,  382  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,473  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
MAID  OF  THE  OAKS,  2127  H.  F.    Second  Duke  of  Springvale,  1785  H. ;  Nonpareil,  2056  H.    Milk  37  Ibs. 

8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  9  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

MAID  OF  THE  VALLEY.  4579  H.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  501  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs. 

1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MAID  OF  TWISK,  1  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  15,960  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  8 

oz.,  P. 
MAID  OF  VERNON,  2372  H.    Cresco,  730  H. ;  Camelia,  752  H.    Milk  68  Ibs  1  day,  P.;  11,880  Ibs.  11  oz. 

8  months,  A.R.    Butter  22  Ibs.  2%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MALLENA,  7765  H.    Imp.    Milk  36  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MAMIE  S,  4041  H.    Imp.    Milk  49  Ibs.  5}£  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  1  Ib.  15^  oz.  1  day,  6  Ibs.  7}£  oz.  4 

days,  P. 
MA'MZELLE,  9827  H.    Gilderoy,  2025  H. ;  Lady  of  Broek  2d,  2799  H.    Milk  2424  Ibs.  11  oz.  2  months  16 

days,  P. 

MANANA,  9699  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MANAQUA,  12037  H.  F.    Siebe,  600  F. ;  Lipkje,  2822  F.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1  clay,  615  Ibs.  10  days,  P.     Butter 

18  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 

MANDE,  1512  D.  F.    Philippus,  156  F.  H. ;  Frouwkje,  1480  F.  H.    Milk  10,211  Ibs.  10  months  24  days,  A  R. 
MANTEL,  1009  H.    Imp.    Milk  83  Ibs.  1  day,  9374  Ibs.  8.  oz.  11  )£  months,  P. 

MANTEL  2o,  2146  H.    Piet  Hein,  316  H.;  Mantel,  1009  H.    Milk  57  Ibs.  1  day,  1550  Ibs.  9  months,  P. 
MANTEL  3o,  2148  H.    Ranger,  635  H. ;  Mantel.  1009  H.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  10,907  Ibs.  9  months,  P. 
MANTEL  5rn,  8141  H.    Paragon,  1175  H.;  Mantel,  1009  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  10,037  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
MANTEL  6TH,  8225  H.  F.    Neptune  Fairview,  3886  H. ;  Mantel,  1009  H.    Milk  6072  Ibs.  11  months,  P. 
MANTISSA,  6931  H.    Imp.    Milk  47  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  10,610  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  P. 
MANTISSA  ARTIS,  6688  H.  F.    Prince  of  Artis,  2479  H. ;  Mantissa,  6931  H.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  349 

MAPLE  LEAF'S  MERCEDES,  6295  H.  F.    Mercedes  Prince,  2150  H. ;  Maple  Leaf,  6543  H.    Butter  16  Ibs. 

9  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

MARCELLA  LINCOLN,  9928  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  8949  Ibs.  11  oz.  10  months  11  days,  P. 
MARCELLE,  15774  H.  F.    Duke  of  St.  Anna,  614  D.  F. ;  Lady  Gretchen,  428  D.  F.    Milk  59  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

day,  551  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
MARCELLUS  QUEEN,  5953  H.    Promoter,  1518  H. ;  Kalma  2d,  3299  H.    Milk  49  Ibs.  1  day,  1333  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 

MARCIA,  847  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MARFA,  1248  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,600  Ibs.  11  months,  P. 

MARGARET,  386  H.    Zaandam,  369  H. ;  Dora,  117  H.    Milk  10,986  Ibs.  9  oz.  11  months  23  days,  P. 
MARGARET  4TH,  18813  H.  F.    Tecumseh  Witzyde,  5967  H.  F. ;  Margaret,  1016  D.  F.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1 

day,  10,000  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  7^  oz.  7  days,  P. 

MARGARETHA,  1585  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MARGARET  LINCOLN,  9927  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  10,986  Ibs.  9  oz.  11  months  23  days,  P. 

Butter  12  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MARGARY,  1502  D  F.    Bismarck,  300  F. ;  Swarte,  1339  F.    Milk  72  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  1994  Ibs.  9  oz. 

30  days,  A.R. 
MARGE,  2047  H.    Beaconsfield,  401  H.;   Geneveive,  314  H.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  1662  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days. 

Butter  16  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 

MARGERY,  6090  H.    Jaap,  211  Neth  ;  Mina,  1351  Neth.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  7286  Ibs.  lyear,  P. 
MARGOT,  8866  H.     Imp.     Milk  84  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  13,734  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  15  Ibs.  6  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

MARGOT  3o,  778  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  69  Ibs.  1  day,  10,437  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  5  ll-s.  12  oz.  2  days,  P. 
MARIA,  1260  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  94  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MARIAN,  1812  D.  F.     Nicolaas  2d,  29  M.  R.;  Yep  Yma,  401  P.  R.     Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  20  Ibs.  4  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

MARIANNA  BEETS,  7  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  13,895  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
MARIANNA  BEETS  3i>,  22  D.  F.     Burgomaster  of  Beemster,  1  D.  F.;  Marianna  Beets,  7  D.  F.    Milk  57 

Ibs.  8  oz.  Iday,  3191  Ibs.  68  days,  P. 
MARIANNE,  101  D.  F.    Radbout,  25  Neth. ;  Marianne,  25  Neth.    Milk  67  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  14,715  Ibs.  12 

oz.  1  year,  P. 
MARIANNE  PHELPS,  4010  H.  F.    Fyn,  39  D.  F.;  Marianne,  101  D.  F.    Milk  50  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1424  Ibs. 

30  days,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  3;';  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MARIE,  373  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  P. 
MARIE  2o,  494  D.  F.    Imp.     Milk  83  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
MARIE  3o,  1659  H.    Jaap,  452  H  ;  Marie  3d,  728  H.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MARIE  DUTCHER,  743  H.  F.     Bismarck,  224  Neth.;  Marie  II,  4248  Netlx     Milk  60  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day, 

13,361  Ibs.  6  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
MARIE  M  2o,  4720  H.     Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MARIE  NETHERLAND,  3862  H.     Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Marie  Wortel  3d,  1868  H.     Milk  51  Ibs.  1 

day,  1304  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P. 

MARIE  STOMPSTAART,  5674  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MARIE  WORTEL,  1867  H.    Imp     Milk  96  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  14  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MARIE  WORTEL  3o,  1868  H.    Marie,  463  Neth.     Milk  78  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  2004  Ibs.  10  oz.  30  days,  P. 
MARIE  WORTEL  STH,  6509  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  of  Aaggie,  1450  H.;  Marie  Wortel,  1867  H.    Milk  50  Ibs. 

12  oz.  1  day.  1368  Ibs.  30  days,  P.     Butter  13  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MARIGOLD,  207  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  35  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MARIJTJE,  812  Neth.    Imp.     Milk  75  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P. 
MARILLO,  6099  H.    Imp.     Milk  12,454  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P. 
MARION,  891  H.     Imp     Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,  2712  Ibs.  2anonths,  P. 
MARION  2o,  3865  H.    Banjo,  564  H.;  Marion,  891  H.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MARITZA,  7197  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day.  2015  Ibs.  8  oz.  31  days.  P. 
MARJORIE,  2166  H.     Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Hortense,  1500  H.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P.     Butter  14 

Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MARJORIE  DAW,  1839  H.    Imp.     Milk  66  Ibs.  10  oz.  1   day,  11,821  Ibs.  8  months  25  days,  P.     Butter  8 

Ibs.  IS,1*'  oz.  7  days,  P. 

MARJORIE  DAW  2o,  2111  H.    Imp.     Milk  57  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  13,052  Ibs.  10  oz.  10  months,  P. 
MARJORIE  DAW  3o,  5577  H.    Syracuse,  822  H.;  Marjorie  Daw,  1839  H.    Milk  58  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day, 

12,348  Ibs.  5  oz.  10  months  3  days,  P. 
MARJORIE  DAW  4TH,  571  H.  F.     Captain  Daw,  2088  H. ;  Marjorie  Daw,  1839  H.    Milk  42  Ibs.  2  oz.  1 

day,  7669  Ibs.  13  oz.  10  months,  P. 

MARLETTE,  8254  H.  F.    David,  492  F. ;  Bontbles,  1655  F.     Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  569  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
MARTHA,  1065  H.    Imp.     Marchioness,  836  H.     Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MARTHA  BEETS,  1092  D.  F.    Victor  Brirnsma,  88  P.  R. ;  Dora  Beets  3d,  268  P.  R.     Milk  77  Ibs.  1  day, 

P.    Butter  22  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 

MARTHA  DEWDROP,  4275  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MARTHA  WASHINGTON,  1304  H.    Imp.     Milk  10,720  Ibs.  11  months  20  days.  A.R. 
MARTINA,  9362  H  F.     Archibald,  383  D.  F.;  Coba  2d,  1358  D.  F.     Milk  10,498  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 
MARTJE  2o,  5003  II.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  P 
MARTTJE,  570  Neth.    Imp.     Milk  68  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 
MARY,  187  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  10  oz   1  day,  P. 
MARY  ANDERSON,  589  H.    Imp.    Milk  6299  Ibs.  12  oz.  332  days,  P. 

MARY  ANN,  6111  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  7285  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  14  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
MARY  B,  3928  H.  F.     Wing's  Lad,  2015  H. ;   Morlana  of  Marshall,  8129  H.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P.' 
MARY  BELLE,  2804  H.    Imp.    Milk  7  Ibs.  5^  oz  7  days.  P. 
MARYKE,  5559  H.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  660  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
MARYKE  3D's  GERBEN,  23957  H.  F.     Consul  Ger'ben,  4304  H.  F. :  Maryke  3d,  11718  H.  F.     Milk  58  Ibs. 

12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
MARY'S  CHARM,  5051  H.    Imp.     Milk  15,112  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  months  18  days,  A.R.     Butter  16  Ibs.  6  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 

MATADOR,  1533  D.  F.    Karl,  269  F.  H.;  Afke  2d,  2588  F.  H.     Butter  10  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  clays,  A.R. 
MATCHLESS,  898  H.    Imp.    Milk  5856  Ibs.  6  months,  P. 
MATEO,  10305  H.    Imp.     Milk  49  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

MATERNA,  2195  H.     Banjo,  564  H.;  Marion,  891  H.     Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MATHILDE.  1309  H.    Imp.    Milk  8320  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
MATRON,  857  H.    Imp.    Milk  87  Ibs.  1  day,  16,007  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 


350  HOLSTEIN-FBIESIAN   CATTLE. 

MATTIE  A,  5427  H.    Imp.    Milk  58  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day.  P. 

MAT-HE  DELI,,  3999  H.  F.     Billy  Bawn,  3087  H.;  Dingle  Dell  2d,  5576  H.    Milk  5568  Ibs.   15  oz.   10 

months  8  days,  P. 

MATTIE  DEWDROP,  5384  H.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
MAUD  ABTIS,  5568  H.  F.    Artis  Jr.,  2723  H.;  Duchess  of  Beemster,  4621  H.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  374 

Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  12  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MAUD  CLAY,  390  H.    Dictator,  82  H.;  Lady  Clay,  158  H.    Milk  78  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 
MAUD  CLIFDEN  2o,  1785  H.  F.    Jan  Wit,  2524  H. ;  Maud  Clifden,  5263  H.    Milk  30  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MAUD  D,  15268  H.  F.     Nye,  7629  H.  F. ;  Benneti,  9015  H.  F.    Milk  420  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P.    Butter  18 

Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  P. 

MAUDE  OF  ASHLEY,  4394  H.  F.    Mooie,  26  D.  F. ;  Neiskje,  1204  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
MAUDE  OF  SEASIDE,  4396  H.  F.    Hulda's  Empire,  3449  H. ;   Maude  of   Ashley,  4394  H.  F.     Milk  36 

Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MAUD  ETHELBERTA,  4505  H.  F.    Mozart,  4222  H.;  Grace  Ethelberta,  9542  H.    Butter  18  Ibs.  12>£  oz. 

7  days,  A.R. 
MAUDINA,  6349  H.    Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  A.R.;  10,278  Ibs.  11  oz.  10  months,  P.     Butter  16 

Ibs.  9>£  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

MAUD  OF  SHADELAND  3o,  2424  H.    Imp.    Milk  7945  Ibs.  4  oz.  9  months  A.R. 
MAUD  MULLER.  1850  H.    Imp.    Milk  4741  Ibs.  12  oz.  4  months,  16  days,  P. 
MAUD  OF  SHADELAND,  2424  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  91  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  12,675  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R. 
MAUD  OF  SHADELAND  4ra,  10765  H.  F.    Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H. ;  Maud  of  Shadeland,  2424 

H.    Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  7327  Ibs.  8  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 

MAUD  SLOOVES,  1010  H.  F.    Lord  of  Cornwall,  3429  H. ;  Lady  Slooves,  6808  H.    Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MAUD  TENSON,  11011  H.  F.    Duke  of  Edgely,  552  H.  F.;  Cornelia  Tenson,  1817  H.  F.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1 

day,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 

MAY,  188  H.    Rip  Van  Winkle,  35  H. ;  Dowager,  7  H.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  1320  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
MAY  ARTIS,  10608  H.  F.    Netherland  Alban,  4584  H. ;  Jessie  Barnum,  10262  H.  F.    Butter  13  Ibs.  15 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MAYFLOWER.  1505  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  10,688  Ibs.  14  oz.  8  months  11  days,  P.    Butter  10  Ibs.  7  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 

MAYO,  3968  H.  F.    Duke  of  Schagen,  141  H.  F.;  Mayblom,  42  H.  F.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MAY  OVERTON,  2810  H.    Imp.    Milk  89  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  13,759  Ibs.  4  oz.  220  days,  A.R.    Butter  2.26 

Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MAZIE,  4309  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MAZIE  MERCEDES,  34753  H.  F.    Dotty  2d1s  Almee,  16152  H.  F.;  Hortensia's  Second  Mercedes,  11240 

H.  F.    Milk  33  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MEADOWBROOK  FAIRY,  3896  H.  F.    Viking,  2062  H. ;  Tettje,  7093  H.    Milk  36  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  7000  Ibs. 

11  months,  P. 
MEADOW  LILY,  6863  H.    Imp.    Milk  53  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1174  Ibs.  14  oz.  30  days,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  10 

oz.  7  days,  P. 
MEADOW  LILY  5ra,  10383  H.    Netherland  King,  1924  H.;  Meadow  Lily,  863  H.     Milk  9017  Ibs.  7  oz. 

10  months,  A.R. 
MEADOW  MAID,  1793  H.     Imp.     Milk  85  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,   399  Ibs.  13  oz.  5  days,  P.     Butter  9  Ibs.  4% 

oz.  7  days,  P. 
MECHTHILDE,  6718  H.    Imp.     Milk  112  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  14,786  Ibs.  10  months,  P.     Butter  39  Ibs.  10X^ 

oz.  7  days,  150  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  292  Ibs.  b%  oz.  60  days,  P. 
MECHTHILDE  6TH,  39002  H.  F.    Paul  Zozo  Prince,  16834  H.  F. ;  Mechthilde,  6718  H.   Milk  52  Ibs.  4  oz. 

1  day,  1408  Ibs.  10  oz.  30  days,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  16  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  31  Ibs.  12  oz.  14 

days,  P. 

MEDDO,  2013  H.  F.    Willem  3d,  375  Neth. ;  Maria,  3004  Neth.    Milk  8157  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
MEDINA,  9785  H.     Panic,  871  H. ;  Memento  4th,  2078  H.      Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  11,374  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year, 

A.R.    Butter  14  Ibs.  13%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

MEDORA,  1033  H.    Stentor,  346  H. ;  Gipsey,  318  H.    Milk  14,481  Ibs.  1  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
MEENIE,  24  H.    Amsterdam,  1  H. ;  Texelaar  8th,  55  H.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MEENIE  2o,  189  H.    William,  56  H. ;  Meenie,  24  H.    Milk  74  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MEENIE  2o's  TEXALAAR,  4331  H.  F.     Walter  Scott,  606  H. ;  Meenie  2d,  189  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MEENIE  3o,  394  H.    William,  56  H  ;  Meenie,  24  H.    Milk  75  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
MEENIE  4TH,  1509  H.    Karl,  278  H. ;  Meenie  3d,  394  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ME&  MERRILLES,  1288  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MEG  MERRILLES  2o,  1485  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MEITJE,  1392  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MEITJE  2o,  4618  H.    Imp.    Milk  44  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  P. 
MELINA,  5351  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MELINA  2o,  3356 H.  F.    Billy  Boelyn,  189  H.;  Melina,  5351  H.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MELINA'S  VIOLET,  20686  H.  F.    Violet  Prince,  4209  H. ;  Melina,  5351  H.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  P.  ' 
MELROSE,  1733  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MEMENTO,  397  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MEMENTO  QUEEN,  8542  H.    Panic,  871  H. ;  Memento  4th,  2078  H.     Milk  12,002  Ibs.  11  months  8  days, 

A.R. 

MEMORIA,  6882  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 

MEMORIA  2o,  9265  H.  F.     Mercedes1  Mahomet,  2943  H. ;  Memoria,  6882  H.     Milk  1227  Ibs.  90  days,  P. 
MENIE,  9333  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MERCEDES,  723  H.    Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  2534  Ibs.  31  days,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  24  Ibs. 

6  oz.  7  days,  99  Ibs.  6>£  oz.,  A.R. 
MERCEDES  2o,  1658  H.    Jaap,  452  H.;  Mercedes  723  H.    Milk  75  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  17,658  Ibs.  14  oz.  6 

months,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  26  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  37  Ibs.  6  oz.  2  weeks,  P. 
MERCEDES  JAANTJEMINK,  17106  H.  F.    Mink  Prize,  5050  H.  F.;  Annele's  Mercedes  Jaantje,  6916  H. 

F.    Milk  204  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MERCIE  MERCEDES,  31912  H.  F.    Dotty    2d's  Almee,  16152  H.  F. :    Hortensia's  Second  Mercedes, 

11240  H.  F.    Milk  10,000  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

MERLO,  2014  H.  F.    Frans,  261  Neth. ;  Marie  6th,  4493  Neth.    Milk  9596  Ibs.  10  months  20  days.  P. 
MERMAID,  852  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  8689  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  4}£  oz.  1 

day,  P. 

MERTJE  HARTOG,  6434  H.    Imp.    Milk  1578  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

MERZA  W,  5230  H.    Lord  Le  Baron,  528  H. ;  Alvia,  773  H.    Milk  1211  Ibs.  30  days,  2143  Ibs.  60 days,  P. 
METAMORA,  8433  H.    Imp.    Milk  8978  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year,  P. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  351 

METEA,  9702  H.    Imp.    Butter  78  Ibs.  10  oz.  30  days,  P. 

METZ,  9676  H.    Imp.    Milk  69  Ibs  5  oz.  1  day,  P. 

MIDDY  MORGAN,  1297  H.    Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  8000  Ibs.  10  months  20  days,  P. 

MIDGET,  1518  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H. ;  Marion,  891  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MIDLUMMEB,  9860  H.    Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MIGNONE,  1937  D.  F.    Theodore,  243  Neth.;  Dieuwertje,  1132  Neth.     Butter  11  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 

MIGNONE  2o,  10835  H.  F.    Mooie  Twisk  4th,  706  D.  F. ;  Mignone,  1937  D.  F.    Milk  279  Ibs.  3  oz.  7 days, 

P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  clays,  A.R. 

MIGNONETTE,  2826  H.-   Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  7242  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year,  P. 
MIGNONETTE  2o,  2827  H.    Imp.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MIGNONETTE  4TH,  8468  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.:  Mignonette,  2826  H.    Butter  9  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
MIJNKE  VON  HOLINGEN,  17208  H.  F.    Peter,  103  Neth. ;  Mijnke,  697  Neth.    Milk  92  Ibs.  14 oz.  1  day,  P. 
MILD  EYES,  1496  H.  F.    Cossack,  2001  H. ;  Hiatoga,  3308  H     Milk  10,102  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year,  P. 
MILDRED  OF  SEA  SIDE,  8561  H.  F.    Hulda's  Empire,  3449  H. ;  First  Duchess  of  Ashley,  2385  H.    Milk 

38  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MILICENT,  148  H.  F.    Thorbecke,  349  F. ;  Emma,  3258  F.     Milk  453  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  days,  4712  Ibs.  11  oz. 

10  months,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

MILK  MAID,  1894  D.  F.    Augusta  Goudgeld  2d,  298  P.  R. ;  Strabo,  134  P.  R.    Milk  15,400  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
MILKY  WAY,  10144  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  10,516  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  10  Ibs.  8  oz. 

7  days,  A.R. 
MILKY  WAY  2o,  4980  H.  F.    Prince  of  Wayne  5th,  1910  H. ;  Milky  Way,  10144  H.    Milk  7883  Ibs.  10  oz. 

9  months,  P. 
MILLA  (PIETERT.IE  3o),  6408  H.    Keyes  6th,  1692  H.;  Pietertje  2d,  3273  H.    Milk  89  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day, 

17,927  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  P. 

MILLIE,  867  H.    Imp.    Milk  1517  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
MILLIE  D,  4885  H.    Neptune,  711  H.;  Lady  Marion,  1824  H.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P.      Butter  15  Ibs.  7 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

MILLIE  LINCOLN,  10022  H.    Lincoln,  120  Neth.    Milk  58  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day,  P. 
MINA,  673  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

MINA  ROOKER,  9893  H.     Pieter,  209  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  P. 

MINA  SPAANZ  2o,  8753  H.   Panic,  871  H. ;  Mina  Spaanz,  1104  H.    Milk  12,415  Ibs.  4  o/.  10  months,  A.R. 
MINDERTJE,  2249  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MINERVA  LINCOLN,  10023  H.    Lincoln,  120  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 
MINI  SPAANZ,  5663  H.  F.    Lord  Spaanz,  4012  H.;  Mellsse,  3592  H.    Milk  60 Ibs.  1  day,  12,004  Ibs.  8  oz. 

1  year,  A.R.    Butter  17  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MINK,  402  H.    Imp.    Milk  96  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  16,628  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year  A.R.     Butter  3  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  20 

Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  29  Ibs.  6  oz.  lOdays,  A.R. 

MINK  3D,  1324  H.    Bismarck  6th,  500  H. :  Mink,  402  H.    Butter  2  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
MINKIE  DE  VRIES,  5937  H.  F.    Major  Pel,  2763  H.;  Jantje  De  Vries,  432  D.  F.    Milk  (30  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MINNA,  404  H.    Roland,  144  H. ;  Dora,  117  H.    Milk  7677  Ibs.  153  days,  P. 
MINNESOTA,  1441  H.     Grueno,  431  H.:  Wild  Zvvaan,  478  H.     Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MINNETONKA,  6242  H.    Imp.     Milk  83  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

MINNIE,  1369  H.     Silas,  522  H. ;  Poppo,  992  H.    Milk  86  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  18  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MINNIE  EDGE,  5413  H.    Imp.     Milk  63  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  P.     Butter  14  Ibs.  11  o/.,  7  days,  P. 
MINNIE  HOMET,  3918  H.  F.    Mahomet,  289  H. :  Minnetonka,  6242  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P, 
MINNIE  VERMAN,  371  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day.  2051  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
MINNIE  WINKLE'S  MINK,  13165  H.  F.     Mink  Prince,  2865  H.;  Minnie  Winkle,  405  II.    Butter  21  Ibs.  7 

oz.  7  days,  P. 

MINNIE  Y,  10336  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MIRA,  1534  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

MIRA  2o,  3619  H.    Cresco,  730  H. ;  Mira,  1534  H.    Butter  2  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  14  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MIRANDA,  1227  H.     Imp.     Milk  45  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
MIRTILLA,  4169  H.  F.     Netherland  Hero,  2342  H.;  Shadelaud  Adele,  8377  H.      Milk  189  Ibs.  13  oz.  7 

days,  P.    Butter  8  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 

MIRTH,  6991  H.    Imp.     Milk  53  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  12,363  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

Miss  ABRAHAM,  1903  H.  F.     Honest  Abe,  749  H. ;  Lizzie  D,  3313  H.    Milk  54  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P.    But- 
ter 16  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
Miss  DICK  SPAANZ,  3955  H.    Dick  Spaanz,  778  H.;  Holland  Belle,  2169  II.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  10,398 

Ibs.  9  months  6  days,  P. 

Miss  KWANTES,  7720  H.     Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

Miss  LINCOLN.  6853  H.    Imp.     Milk  46  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  10,763  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P. 
Miss  MIGGS,  1290  H.    Imp.    Milk  8959  Ibs.  7  months  Z}£  days,  P. 
Miss  MORRIS,  6892  H.    Alexander  2d,  1552  H.    Imp     Milk  1548  Ibs.  30  days,  A.  R. 
Miss  MORRIS  2D,  6074  H.  F.    Netherland  Convoy,  2934  H.;  Miss  Morris,  6892  H.     Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day, 

1548  Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
Miss  NANNA,  2824  H.    Imp.    Milk  35  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  7022  Ibs.  1  oz.  10  months,  P.    Butter  7  Ibs.  19% 

oz.  7  days,  P. 

Miss  PARMA,  5151  H.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
Miss  RACKETT,  2822  H.    Imp.     Milk  44  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
Miss  SMYLIE,  6973  H.    Imp.     Milk  949  Ibs.  1  month,  P. 

Miss  SNOOKS,  3958  H.     Lord  Bantam,  101 1  H. ;  Lady  Helen,  1829  H.     Milk  47  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MITRA,  1420  H.  F.    Oswald,  3331  H. ;  Wabusca,  7226  H.     Milk  8397  Ibs.  13  oz.  10  months,  P. 
MOBUTA,  1135  H.    Monitor,  299  H. ;  Boter  Kop,  777  H.     Butter  2  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  16  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MODEST  GIRL,  10134  H.    Imp.     Milk  38  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  10,229  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year,  A.R.     Butter 

9  Ibs.  8}£  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MODEST  GIRL  3o,  10515  H.  F.    Prince  Aaggie  Wayne,  1627  H.  F. ;  Modest  Girl,  10134  H.    Milk  41  Ibs. 

1  day,  1126  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P. 

MODESTY  OF  LYNWOOD,  6793  H.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  6794  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  months,  15  days,  P. 
MODJESKA,  407  H.     Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  12,523  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
MOEDKR,  720  H.     Imp.    Milk  87  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  17,197  Ibs  1  year,  P. 
MOEDER  2D.  3880  H.    Napoleon,  706  H. ;  Moeder,  720  H.     Milk  49  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MOEDER'S  MAHOMET,  2784  H.  F.    Mercedes1  Mahomet,  2943  H. ;  Moeder  2d,  3880  H.    Milk  49  Ibs.  1 

day.  P. 
Mo,TESKA2u,  5117  H.  F.    Smith's  Conqueror,  3068  H. ;  Mojeska,  1615  D.  F.    Milk   54  Ibs.  1   day,  P. 

Butter  1  Ib.  10  oz.  1  clay,  P. 
MOLLIE  2D  4737  H.     Lord  Beemster,  285  H.;  Mollie,  1137  H.    Milk  9757  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 


352  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 

MOLLIE  ANDERSON,  4273  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  18  Ibs.  12  oz. 

days,  P. 

MOLLIE  DEWDROP,  5419  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P.     Butter  2  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  P 
MOLLIE  EDGE,  4274  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MOLLIE  GATES,  5424  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MOLLIE  OF  ST.  ANNE,  1996  H.  F.    Major  Pel,  2763  H.;  Lady  of  St.  Anna,  431  D.  F.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1 

day,  P. 

MOLLIE  PARAGON,  6842  H.  F.    Paragon,  1175  H. ;  Fokje  2d,  3285  H.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MOLLY  BAWN,  1298  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  16,389  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 
MOLLY  BAWN  2o,  3777  H.    Syracuse,  822  H. ;  Molly  Bawn,  1298  H.     Milk  70  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  7761 

Ibs.  15  oz.  9  months  28  days,  A.R. 

MOLLY  MIDDLETON,  4454  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 

MOLLY  S,  3055  H.     Prince  3d,  625  H. :  Griet  je  2d,  516  H.     Milk  13,151  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
MOLLY  VISSER,  242  D.  F.    Paul  Hartog.  6  M.  R.;  Trijn  Visser,  36  M.  R.    Milk  83  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P  : 

2217  Ibs.  8oz.  30  days,  A.R.    Butter  24  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

MONCASSEL,  2022  H.  F.    De  Prins,  310  Neth. ;  Martha.  2385  Neth.    Milk  11,717  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
MONEY  Box,  2785  H.  F.    1st  Duke  of  Oneida,  189  D.  F. ;  Lady  Seffinga  2d,  554  D.  F.    Milk  59  Ibs    4 

oz.  1  day,  P. 

MOOIE  BOUTE,  4108  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MOOIKE,  689  H.     Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  11,659 Ibs.  10 months,  A.R.    Butter  19 Ibs.  5  oz.  7 days,  P. 
MOOIKE  2o,  803  H.    Taurus,  349  H. ;  Mooike,  689  H.    Milk  7063  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
MOOIKE  2o  B's  IST,  14242  H.  F.    Robert  S,  3210  H. ;  Mooike  2d  B,  8477  H.    Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  5486  Ibs. 

10  months  24  days,  P. 
MOOIKE  2o  B's  2o,  15217  H.  F.    Copia's  Empire,  3559  H.;   Mooike  2d  B,  8477  H.    Milk  4862  Ibs.  10 

months  6  days,  P. 
MOOIKE  3o,  1540  H.    Johannis,  428  H.;  Mooike,  689  H.    Milk  11,108  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter 

19  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

MOOIKE  3o  A,  4749  H.    Clarion,  870  H.;  Mooike  3d,  1540  H.    .Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  7160  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
MOOIKE  3o  A's  IST,  15218  H.  F.    Hilda's  Empire,  3562  H.;  Mooike  3d  A,  4749  H.    Milk  4601  Ibs.  11 

months,  P. 
MOOIKE  3D  B's  IST,  20590  H.  F.    Copia's  Empire,  3559  H.;  Mooike  3d  B,  2443  H.  F.     Milk  27  Ibs.  1 

clay,  P. 

MOOIKE  3o  C,  14246  H.  F.    Copia's  Empire,  3559  H. ;  Mooike  3d,  1540  H.    Milk  4081  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
MOOIKE  7TH,  2434  H.  F.    Johannis,  428  H. ;  Mooike,  689  H.     Milk  7356  Ibs  10  months,  P. 
MOOIKE  7TH  A,  9127  H.  F.    Copia's  Empire,  3559  H. ;  Mooike  7th,  2434  II.  F.   Milk  3550  Ibs.  4  months, 

5  days,  P. 

MOOIKE  STH,  5271  H.  F.    Clarion,  870  H. ;  Mooike,  689  H.    Milk  2581  Ibs.  2  months,  28  days,  P. 
MOOIKE  OP  KENTUCKY,  1985  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter'27  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MOOYE  ARTIS,  7622  H.  F.    Artis,  127  Neth. ;  Nelly,  4452  Neth.     Milk  2759  Ibs.  5  oz.  4  months,  P. 
MOPPLE,  8739  H.    Fifth  Consul,  574  H.;  Clarinda,  1042  H.    Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MORAN,  1408  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  6217  Ibs.  8  oz.  120  days,  P. 
MORAN  SD,  1438  H.    Imp.    Moran,  1408  H.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MORAN  2o's  PRINCESS,  6334  H.  F.    Admiration,  3843  H.;  Moran  2d,  1438  H.    Milk  23,616  Ibs.  4  oz.  1 

year,  P. 
MORNING  DEW,  6531  H.  F.    Arian,  3525  H. ;  Wever,  10528  H.    Milk  42  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  4574  Ibs.  4 

months,  A.R.    Butter  12  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MOSELLE,  27  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  2919  Ibs.  8  oz.  90  days,  P. 
MOTTLED  BEAUTY,  2828  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day.  P.;  16,289  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter 

21  Ibs  11  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

MOTTLED  BEAUTY  2o,  2829  H.    Imp.    Milk  49  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  11,249  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  20 

Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

MOTTLED  BEAUTY  5TH.  90  X  H.  F.    Aegis  Netherland  Prince,  4585  H. ;  Mottled  Beauty,  2828  H.   But- 
ter 9  Ibs.  6X  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MOUSIE,  6975  H.    Imp.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  11,093  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  11  Ibs.  4  oz. 

7  days,  P. 

MOUSIE  2o,  9813  H.    Clovis,  3303  H. ;  Mousie,  6975  H.    Milk  49  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MRS.  GRUNDY,  9225  H.    Venture,  1315  H. ;  Lady  Neal,  2761  H.    Butter  15  Ibs.  6^  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MRS.  LANGTRY  2o,  3771  H.     Jaap,  452  H.;  Mrs.   Langtry,  1644  H.     Milk  11,819  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P. 

Butter  15  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MRS.  LANGTRY'S  TRiTOMiA,  6068  H.  F.    Tritomia's  Mercedes  Prince,  3542  H. ;  Mrs.  Langtry,  1644  H. 

Milk  30  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  9  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

MUCHACHA,  8918  H.    Imp.    Milk  38  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day,  6157  Ibs.  10  oz.  11  months  2  days,  P. 
MUFFIN  2o,  133  H.  F.    Oscar  K,  2237  H. ;  Muffin,  7283  H.    Milk  49  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  1  Ib.  13  oz.  1 

day,  58  Ibs.  13  oz.  30  days,  P. 

MULBERRY,  1504  D,  F.    Ype,  283  F.;  Roosie,  1220  F.    Butter  10  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MURILLO,  5053  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  1  day,  10,080  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
MUSCILAGE,  18033  H.  F.    Mahomet,  289  H. ;  Oriana  4th,  7985  H.    Milk  47  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MUSEY,  12031  H.  F.    De  Hoop,  718  F. ;  Klaasie,  846  F.     Milk  57  Ibs.  1  day,  1683  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
Music,  565  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H. ;  Maid  of  Purrner,  382  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
Music  2o,  2477  H.    Neptune,  711  H. ;  Music,  565  H.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
MUSIQUE,  6992  H.    Milk  8143  Ibs.  5  oz.  9  months  5  days,  P. 
MUTUAL  FRIEND,  10139  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  16,281  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter 

20  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days  A.R. 
MUTUAL  FRIEND  2o,  10513  H.  F.    Young  America,  1  H.  F. ;  Mutual  Friend,  10139  H.    Milk  76  Ibs.  15 

oz.  1  day,  12,997  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  25  Ibs.  12£  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MUTUAL  FRIEND  2D's  WAYNE,  18456  H  F.    Aaggie  Prince  of  Wayne,  8781  H.  F. ;  Mutual  Friend  2d, 

10513  H.  F.      Milk  48  Ibs  1  day,  P.;  11, 664 Ibs.  6  oz.  lyear,  A.R.    Butter  22  Ibs.  5%  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MUTUAL  FRIEND  3o,  28389  H.  F.    Duke  Netherland,  1271  H.  F.;  Mutual  Friend,  10139  H.    Milk  66  Ibs. 

3  oz.  1  day,  5907  Ibs.  3  oz.  100  days,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  13%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
MYCALE,  6898  H.    Imp.    Milk  49  Ibs.  1  day,  1420  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
MYDIA  RANDOLPH,  6922  H.    Jmp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  5584  Ibs.  8  oz.  90  days,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  8 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

MYETTE,  1418  H.  F.    Cossack,  2008  H.;  Wavelet,  3369  H.    Milk  10,120  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P. 
MY  FAVORITE,  6361  H.    Imp.    Milk  517  Ibs.  3  oz.  19  days,  A.R.    Butter  15  Ibs.  7}$  oz.  7  days,  A.R.; 

22  Ibs.  2  oz.  10  days,  P. 

MYRETTA,  1507  D.  F.    Roel,  330  F.;  Reinschje,  1636  F.    Butter  10  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 


MILK   AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  353 

MYBICA,  1408  H.  F.    Constantyn,  2040  H. ;  Imrah,  6704  H.    Butter  15  Ibs.  \yz  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

MYRITTA,  6502  H.  F.    Duke  of  Oneida,  189  D.  F. ;  Lady  Retsummer,  550  D.  F.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

MYBRHA,  6713  H.    Imp.    Butter  19  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  P. 

MYRRHNA,  9334  H.    Imp.    Milk  37  Ibs.  1  day.  P.    Butter  22  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  P. 

MYRTLE,  1311  D.  F.    Imp.    Butter  11  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A  R. 

MYRTLE  HEEG,  15902  H.  F.    Hartog  Twisk  2d,  713  D.  F.;  Myrtle,  1311  D.  F.    Milk  241  Ibs.  2  oz.  7 

days,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

MYSIE,  1495  H.  F.    Empyrean,  1006  H. •;  Agate,  236  H.    Milk  8078  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  year,  P. 
MYSSA,  5890  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  9294  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 
MYTH,  8096  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. 

NAATJE,  3004  H.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

NADINE,  5540  H.    Nero  of  California,  2209  H. ;  Maid  of  Goshen,  182  H.    Milk  1000  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

NADINE  ABBEKERK,  9592  H.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

NAGELHOUT  2o,  3263  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

NAHE  2o,  6643  H.  F.    Klaas  Dekker,  4311  H. ;  Nahe,  10112  H.    Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs. 

4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NANJKE  2o,  701  D.  F.    Mooie,  26  M.  R.;  Nanijke,  121  M.  R.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  7 

days,  P. 

NAMUR,  7173  H.    Imp.    Milk  15,221  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  year,  P. 

NANA  ABBEKERK,  9608  H.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
NANNETTE,  4163  H.     Empire,  588  H. ;  Nannie  Smit,  548  H.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NANNETTE  3o's  PLEDGE,  22281  H.  F.    Pledge's  Joe,  7418  H.  F. ;  Nannette  3d,  10539  H.  F.    Milk  361 

Ibs.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  21  83  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
NANNIE,  1493  H.    Hepburn,  437  H. ;  Belle  of  the  Grove,  695  H.    Milk  11,499  Ibs.  11  months  24  days, 

A.R. 

NANNIE  SMIT,  548  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NANNIE  SPOPPORD,  1785  H.     Imp.     Milk  80  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,   P.;  10,099  Ibs.  10  oz.  6  months,  A.R. 

Butter  16  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

NANN  STONE.  9065  H.  Imp.   Milk  58  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  3270  Ibs.  60  days.  P.  Butter  17  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NAOMI  2o,  2038  H.    Jaap,  452  H. ;  Naomi,  725  H.     Milk  44  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  P. 
NAOMIE,  1559  D.  F.     De  Graaf  II,  505  P.  R. ;  Anna,  527  Neth.     Butter  9  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NAOMIE  3D,  15320  H.  F.     Dillon,  3680  H.  F. ;  Naomie,  1559  D.  F.     Butter  19  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NAPPIE,  7124  H.    Imp     Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NARKA  OF  DAKOTA,  11596  H.  F.      Jewel's  Prince  of  Wayne,  32  H.  F. ;  Geraldrada,  9559  H.     Milk 

11,311  Ibs.  1  year.  P. 
NARKA  STAR,  34752  H.  F.    Dotty  2d's  Almee,  16152  H.  F. ;  Narka  of  Dakota,  11596  H.  F.    Milk  35  Ibs. 

1  day,  P. 

NASHTJE.  8259  H.  F.  Wilhelm,  580  F. ;  Cornelia,  2219  F.   Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  P. :  504  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 
NASHTJE  2o,  11883  H.  F.      Ademus,  6776  H.  F.;  Nashtje,  8259  H.  F.      Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P.:  399  Ibs. 

10  days,  P. 

NATSEY,  2265  H.    Imp.     Milk  70  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  34  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NAZLI,  7103  H.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  P. 
NEAH,  8278  H.  F.     Friso.  11  F.;  Grietje,  319  F.     Milk  102  Ibs.  1  day,  2786  Ibs.  31  days,  P.      Butter  24 

Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  P. 

NEELTJE,  727  H.    Imp.    Milk  89  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

NEELTJE  2o,  2200  H.    Jaap,  452  H. ;  Neeltje,  727  H.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NEELTJE  BEETS,  6421  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

NEELTJE  LEE  2o,  3231  H.    Imp.     Milk  50  Ibs  1  day,  P.     Butter  17  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NEELTJE  WIT,  2075  H.  F.    Jacob  Wit,  2662  H. ;  Neeltje,  2614  H.     Butter  2  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 
NEENA  CRUICKSHANK  2o,  5140  H.  F.    Jay-Eye-See,  3667  H.;  Neena  Cruickshank,  8569  H.     Milk  45 

Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  10  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NEETA  NETHERLAND  2o,  5773  H.  F.    Duke  of  Niagara,  2030  H. :  Neeta  Netherland.     Milk  30  Ibs.  1 

day.  P. 

NEILSON,  411  H.    Imp.    Milk  74  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  12,335  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  P. 
NEILTJI  KORNDYKE,  9  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  13,092  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  A  R.    Butter  23  Ibs.  2  oz  7  days, 

93  Ibs.  12  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 
NEILTJI  TWISK,  171  D.  F.    Lad  of  Twisk,  9  D.  F.;  Neiltji  Korndyke,  9  D.   F.     Milk  12,666  Ibs.   1 

year,  A.R. 

NELLACE,  14010  H.  F.     Nannette's  Ondit,  839  II.  F. ;  Janina,  7172  H.     Milk  1060  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
NELLIE,  756  H.    Kartanaer,  116  H. :  Snowball,  449  H.     Milk  68  Ibs,  1  day,  P. 
NELLIE  BURKE,  2840  H.    Imp.    Milk  74  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  2079  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
NELLIE  BURKE  2o,  3746  II.  F.    Burr,  1460  H. ;  Nellie  Burke,  2840  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  23 

•  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  clays,  P. 
NELLIE  GRANT,  943  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  10,476  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  3^3 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NELLIE  GRANT  4TH,  6624  H.    Gold  Foil,  1237  H.;  Nellie  Grant,  943  H.    Milk  62  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P.; 

16,752  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  A.R.     Butter  13  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  A.  R. 

NELLIE  RENSKE,  27163  H.  F.    Hamilton  2d,  5608  H.  F.;  Renske2d,231  D.  F.  Milk 50 Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 
NELLY,  5740  H.    Imp.     Milk  79  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P. 
NELLY  ROOKER,  9958  H.    Jacob  Wit,  2662  H.;  Nelly,  2031  Neth.     Milk  48  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  10,946  Ibs. 

4  oz.  11  months  22  days,  P.     Butter  22  Ibs.  61-  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NELLY  WAYNE,  4876  H.  F.    Prince  of  Wayne  5th,"  1910  H.;  Nellie  Grant,  943  H.    Milk  9,024  Ibs.  10 

months,  P. 
NENETZIN,  ]5463  H.    Porcelain  Prince,  4482  H. ;  Idaard,  4983  H.    Milk  75  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  18,000  Ibs. 

10  months,  P. 
NERRA  SPOFFORD,  5015  H.  F.     Glendale,  3417  H. ;  Niobe  Spofford,  2073  H.     Butter  19  Ibs.  2  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

NETA  PAUL,  5522  H.    Climax,  204  H. ;  Johanna  Paul,  677  H.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NETHERLAND  AAGGIE,  3948  H.     Neptune.  711  H.;   Lady  Netherland,  1263  H.     Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day, 

11,798  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  13  Ibs.  1 1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  ADELA,  7424  H.  F.    Netherland  Statesman,  3280  H.;  Lakeside  Adela,  9947  H.    Butter 

16  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  BARONESS,  2635  H.    Imp.     Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P. :   11,249  Ibs.  7  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

Butter  21  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

NETHERLAND  BARONESS  2o,  2636  H.  Imp.   Milk  13,087  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P.   Butter  8  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 
25 


354  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 

NETHERLAND  BARONESS  2o's  PRINCESS,  6466  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Netherland  Baroness 

2d,  2636  H.    Milk  42  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  9,686  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P. 

NETHERLAND  BARONESS  3D,  2637  H.    Imp.    Milk  3,271  Ibs.  4  oz.  4  months  17  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  BARONESS  4TH,  2638  H.    Imp.    Milk  46  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  13,922  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  year,  P. 

Butter  22  Ibs.  13%  oz.  7  days,  90  Ibs.  1%  oz.  30  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  BARONESS  4TH's  ARTIS,  5767  H.  F.    Prince  of  Artis,  2479  H. ;  Netherland  Baroness  4th, 

2638  H.    Milk  489  Ibs.  5  oz.  10  days,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  BARONESS  STH,  3483  H.    Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  10,292  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  year.    Butter 

17  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  BEAUTY,  968  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  13,000  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  4 

oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  BELLE,  1876  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  19,516  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter 

16  Ibs.  7  oz,  7  days,  A.R, 

NETHERLAND  BELLE  2o,  1595  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince.  716  H. ;  Netherland  Belle,  1876  H.    Butter 

10  Ibs.  10>4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  BELVA,  2979  H.  F.     Netherland  King,  1924  H.;  Jacob  Wit's  Belva,  7791  H.    Butter 

10  Ibs.  4  oz  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  BONGILLA,  13694  H.  F.    Netherland  Convoy,  2934  H.;  Bonzilla,  6936  H.    Milk  37  Ibs.  8 

oz.  1  day,  P. 
NETHERLAND  CHAPERONE,  6995  H.    Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  P.;  15,414  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 

Butter  19  Ibs.  8%  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  CHAPERONE  3D,  6933  H.  F.    Netherland  Monk,  4424  H.;  Netherland  Chaperone,  6895 

H.    Milk  8733  Ibs.  2  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  14  Ibs.  2%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  CLARA,  10006  H.     Imp.     Milk  10,199  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  16  Ibs.  5%  oz.  7 

days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  CONSORT,  2639  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  17,873  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 

Butter  20  Ibs.  4>a  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  CORRINNE,  13695  H.  F.    Netheriand  Convoy,  2934  H. ;  Corrinne  of  Oakhurst,  2773  II. 

Milk  38  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NETHERLAND  COUNTESS,  2634  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  11,472  Ibs.  3  oz.  11  months,  P.    Butter  17 

Ibs.  4%  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  COUNTESS  3D,  6068  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Netherland  Countess,  2684  H. 

Milk  35  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  4532  Ibs.  5  months  30  days,  P.    Butter  10  Ibs.  7  days,  80  Ibs.  6  oz.  30 

days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  COUNTESS  4TH,  2965  H.  F.    Prince  of  Artis,  2479  H. ;  Netherland  Countess,  2634  H. 

Butter  10  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  CURRAN,  5338  H.  F.    Netherland  Convoy,  2934  H. ;  Lampasas,  7008  H.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1 

day,  P. ;  1727  Ibs.  30  days,  A.R.    Butter  19  Ibs.  7  days,  A  ,R. 
NETHERLAND  DE  KOL,  10605  H.    Netherland  Alban,  4584  H. ;  De  Kol  2d,  734  H.    Butter  20  Ibs.  5  oz.  7 

days,  82  Ibs.  15  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  DORA,  13697  H.  F.    Netherland  Convoy,  2934  H. ;  Philidora,  6926  H.    Milk  34  Ibs.  8  oz. 

1  day,  P. 
NETHERLAND  DORINDA,  6894  H.    Imp.    Milk  13,656  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  24  Ibs.  9^  oz.  7 

days,  96  Ibs.  4%  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  DORINDA  2o,  2604  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  2d  of  Aaggie,  1451  H. ;  Netherland  Dorinda,  6894 

H.    Butter  13  Ibs.  10%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  DORINDA  3o,  4560  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Netherland  Dorinda,  6894  H. 

Butter  11  Ibs.  12%  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  DOWAGER,  2632  H.    Imp.    Milk  73  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  17,160  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter 

17  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P. 

NETHERLAND  DOWAGER  2o,  2633  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  11,194  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P. 
NETHERLAND  DOWAGER  2o's  PRINCESS,  6404  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Netherland  Dowager, 

2633  H.    Milk  8313  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  DOWAGER  2o's  QUEEN,  1568  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Netherland  Dowager  2d, 

2633  H.    Milk  4448  Ibs.  8  oz.  9  months,  P. 
NETHERLAND  DUCHESS,  2498  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  16,520  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  16  Ibs. 

15%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  DUCHESS  2o,  7890  H.  F.    Clothilde  4th's  Imperial,  1281  H.  F.;  Netherland  Duchess, 

2498  H.    Milk  15,585  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
NETHERLAND  DUKE'S  NIEROP,  3649  H.  F.    Netherland  Duke,  1571  H. ;  Nierop,  2519  H.    Milk  8437  Ibs. 

8  oz.  9  months,  1  day,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  2%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  GEM,  1875  H.    Imp.    Milk  7695  Ibs.  11  oz.  8  months  20  days,  P. 

NETHERLAND  GEM  2o,  2115  H.    Imp.  Milk  12,120  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  P.   Butter  14  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  GRACE,  17052  H.  F.      Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Aaggie  Cornelia  3d,  4342  H.     Butter 

13  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  HENGERVELD,  18106  H.  F.     Aaggie  Leila's  Prince,  4419  H. ;  Dora  Hengerveld  2d,  886 

D.  F.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  465  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  20  Ibs.  4  oz  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  HERO'S  ELSIE,  4531  H.  F.     Netherland  Hero,  2342  H. ;  Queen  Elsie,  2081  H.     Milk  38 

Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  1060  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  month,  P 
NETHERLAND  JEWEL,  2642  H.    I-i  p.    Milk  60  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  14,294  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  18 

Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. ;  29  Ibs.  4>.<  oz.  14  days,  A.R, 
NETHERLAND  JEWEL  2o,  3492  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,596  Ibs.  10  oz.  10  months  7  days,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  8 

oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  JEWEL  3o,  6066  H.     Prince   Imperial,  1164  H.;  Netherland  Jewel,  2642  H.     Milk  70 

Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  12,603  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  14  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  LADY,  1316  H.  F.     Netherland  Baron,  1573  H.;  Zazel  5027  H.     Butter  21  Ibs.  3  oz.  7 

days,  88  Ibs.  6  oz.  30  days,  P. 

NETHERLAND  MAID,  6737  H.    Imp.    Milk  7010  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  months,  23  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  MAY.  33898  H.  F.    Dowager  May's  Pietertje  Netherland,  16261  H.  F.;  Orpha,  19143  H. 

F.    Milk  33  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
NETHERLAND  MERCEDES,  1575  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Mercedes  3d,  376J  H.     Butter  11 

Ibs.  10%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

NETHERLAND  MONK'S  AAGGIE  CONSTANCE,  20556  H.  F.     Netherland  Monk,  4424  H. ;    Aaggie  Con- 
stance, 2629  H.    Milk  439  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  A.R.     Butter  17  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  MYRRHNA,  4033  H.  F.    Netherland  Knight,  1852  H.;  Myrrhna,  9334  H.    Milk  7283  Ibs. 

12  oz.  7  months,  16  days,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  355 

NETHERLAND  NORA,  13693  H.  F.    Netherland  Convoy,  2934  H. ;  Lady  Stanley,  4377  H.    Milk  35  Ibs. 

1  day,  P. 
NETHERLAND  ORPHAN,  5643  H.  F.    Netherland  Elector,  3115  H. ;  Aaggie  of  Hoorn  2d,  6511  H.  Butter 

20  Ibs.  6%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  ORPHAN  2o,  14591  H.  F.    Netherland  Mordant,  4551  H.  F. ;  Netherland  Orphan,  5643 

H.  F.    Butter  14  Ibs.  8^  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

NETHERLAND  PAMELA,  6893  H.    Imp.    Butter  16  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  PEERESS,  2640  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  15,325  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  25 

Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  45  Ibs.  7  oz.  14  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  PEERESS  SD,  6059  H.    Prince  Imperial,  1164  H. ;  Netherland  Peeress,  2640  H.    Milk  38 

Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  7198  Ibs.  9  oz.  9  months,  11  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  PEERESS  3o,  1571  H.  F.    Netherland  King,  1924  H.;  Netherland  Peeress,  2640  H.  Butter 

19  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  PET,  3468  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Trifle,  1883  H.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  12,525 

Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  PET  2o,  1885  H.  F.    Falstaff,  1358  H.;  Netherland  Pet,  3468  H.    Milk  5016  Ibs.  8  oz.  6 

months,  23  days.  P. 
NETHERLAND  PIETERTJE  PRINCESS,  23963  H.  F.    Milla's  Pietertje  Netherland,  7825  H.  F. ;   Witkop 

2d's  Beauty's  Netherland,  15372  H.  F.    Milk  361  Ibs.,  A.R.    Butter  18  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  PRIDE,  2641  H.    Imp.    Milk  49  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  12,598  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  16 

Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  PRINCESS,  862  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P.;   16,766  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 

Butter  17  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  PRINCESS  3o,  3481  H.    Neptune,  711  H.;  Netherland  Princess,  862  H.    Milk  42  Ibs.  15 

oz.  1  day,  P. ;  11,978  Ibs  3  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  PRINCESS  4TH,  6475  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Netherland  Princess,  862  H.    Milk 

42  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  11,478  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  103.{  oz.  7  days,  80  Ibs.  6  oz.  30 

days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  PRINCESS  STH,  1598  II.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;   Netherland  Princess,  862  H. 

Milk  14,153  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  6  oz  7  days,  60  Ibs.  7*£  oz.  30  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  QUEEN,  414  H.    Imp.    Milk  83  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;   15,614  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year,  A.  R.    Butter  20 

Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  QUEEN  2o,  560  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H. ;  Netherland  Queen,  414  H.    Milk  12,622  Ibs.  7  oz. 

1  year,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  7%  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  QUEEN  2o's  HEIRESS,  6478  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Netherland  Queen  2d,  560 

H.    Milk  1,124  Ibs.  12  oz.  30  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  QUEEN  3o,  1466  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H. ;  Netherland  Queen,  414  H.    Milk  65  Ibs.  3  oz.  1 

day.  12,770  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  7>£  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  SADA,  13381  H.  F.    Aaggie  Leila's  Prince,  4419  H. ;   Crary  Hengerveld,  807  H.  F.    Milk 

387  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R    Butter  18  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NETHERLAND  SIMPLICITY,  4558  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Simplicity,  6995  H.    Butter  10  Ibs. 

1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  STATESMAN'S  BENOLA,  11940  H.  F.    Netherland  Statesman,  3280  H.;  Benola  Fletcher 

2d,  9817  H.    Milk  5,990  Ibs.  8  oz.  181  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  STATESMAN  CLARA,  8472  H.  F.     Netherland  Statesman,  3280  H. ;  Netherland  Clara, 

10006  H.    Butter  15  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  TRIPLE,  6169  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Trifle  2d,  2114  H.    Milk  10,044  Ibs.  7  oz.  8 

months  10  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  TRIUMPH,  10013  H.    Netherland  Marquis,  2484  H.;  Trijnfje,  611  Neth.    Milk  45  Iba.  15 

oz.  1  day.  P. ;  13,139  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  3  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  17  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  WAUKESHA,  7007  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,141  Ibs.  15  oz.  10  months  1  day,  P. 
NETHERLAND  WAUPACA,  7011  H.    Imp.    Milk  8405  Ibs.  3  oz.  11  months  12  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  WAUPACA  2o,  1569  H.  F.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Netherland  Waupaca,  7011  H. 

Milk  6283  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  months  16  days,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  3'4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  WAYNE,  13752  H.  F.    Duke  Netherland,  1271  H.  F.;  Princess  of  Wayne  4th,  2339  H. 

Milk  55  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  11,269  Ibs.  10  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  15  Ibs.  IS1^  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NETHERLAND  YSDELL,  7191  H.  F.    Teth  Netherland,  3788  H. ;  Ysdellm,  928  H.     Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NETTIE  SCHOLTON,  6584  H.  F.    Flying  Dutchman,  3881  H. ;  Lady  Scholton  2d,  1055  H.    Butter  30  Ibs. 

14  oz.  7  days,  P. 

NETTJE,  7287  H.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NETTY,  850  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. 
NEVADA,  5185  H.    Imp.    Butter  9  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NIANIA,  3631  H.    Damon,  831  H. ;  Florida,  1335  H.     Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NICOLA,  8081  H.    Nicolaas  2d,  451  H. ;  Lai  la  Rookh,  1295  H.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NICOLO,  5908  H.  F.    Parole,  391  H. ;  Teikje.  2918  H.    Milk  54  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
NICOLO  2o,  14500  H.  F.    Thistle,  1820  H.  F. ;  Nicolo,  5908  H.  F.     Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NIERDA,  2007  H.  F.    Lincoln,  120  Neth.;  Cornelia,  4331  Neth.    Milk  11,801  Ibs.  11  months,  22  days,  P. 
NIEROP,  2519  H.    Imp.     Milk  116  Ibs.  1  day.  P. ;  3129  Ibs.  1  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 
NIESJE,  750  H.  F.    Willem  II,  190  Neth.;  Niesje,  103  Neth.    Milk  82  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  11,454  Ibs.  14  oz. 

8  months,  A.R.    Butter  20  Ibs.  2^  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

NIETA,  18467  H.  F.    Bob  Lockhart,  8496  H.  F.;  Hilton  Maid  2d,  4936  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NIG,  23040  H.  F.    Sieberen  Pride,  7622  H.  F. ;  Bregje,  1728  H.    Milk  38  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NILLETTE,  3997  H.    Imp.    Milk  8450  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  months  7  days,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NINA  S,  2128  H.    Roeloff,  989  H. ;  Akke,  1643  H.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NINA  SPOFPORD,  476  H.  F.    Sullivan,  1658  H.  F. ;  Nannie  Spofford,  1785  H.     Milk  8431  Ibs.   1  oz.  8 

months  29  days,  P. 
NINA  SPOFFORD  2o,  6937  H.  F.    Furness,  4270  H. ;  Nina  Spofford,"476  H.  F.    Milk  9206  Ibs.  10  months, 

A.R.     Butter  14  Ibs.  4^  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
NIOBA  BEETS,  7964  H.  F.    Inka's  Duke,  1161  H.  F.;  Dora  Beets  2d,  265  D.  F.    Milk  8259  Ibs.  6  oz.  9 

months,  A.R. 

NIOBE,  816  H.    Fourth  Prince  of  Orange.  246  H.;  Rachel,  432  H.     Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NIOBE  D,  1573  H.    Rubenstein,  450  H. ;  Niobe,  816  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NIOBE  SPOFFORD,  2073  H.    Imp.     Nannie  Spofford,  1785  H.     Milk  15,092  Ibs.  8  oz.  11  months,  9  days, 

NITALIA,  7028  H.    Imp.    Milk  33  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NIXIE  L,  5155  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 


356  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

NIXY,  6209  H.    Prince  Opperdoes,  387  H. ;  Fansta,  125  H.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

Noco,  14166  H.  F.    Grimes,  4890  H.  F. ;  Latuna,  8161  H.    Milk  6192  Ibs.  6  oz.  10  months,  P. 

NOLTJE,  8926  H.    Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  6810  Ibs.  11  months,  8  days,  P. 

NONOTUCK,  5384  H.    Imp.    Milk  8169  Ibs.  13  oz.  8  months,  15  days,  P. 

NONPAREIL,  2056  H.    Nicolaas,  50  Neth. ;  Maike,  120  Neth.    Milk  44  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  7228  Ibs.  3  oz. 

8  months  1  day.  A.R.    Butter  11  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

NOONTIDE,  2843  H.    Imp.    Milk  31  Ibs.  1  day,  3396  Ibs.  1  oz.  4  months  28  days,  P. 
NORA  B,  512  D.  F.    2d  Lad  of  Twisk,  9  M.  R.;  Boutje  Koning,  55  M.  R.    Milk  8720  Ibs.  9  months  25 

NORA  CORNELIA'  1361  H.  F.    Jacob  Wit,  2662  H.;  Nora,  1719  H.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

NORA  JACOBA,  1360  H.  F.    Jacob  Wit,  2662  H.:  Nora,  1719  Neth.    56  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

NORNA,  418  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

NORRINNE,  7753  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

NORRISSA,  1842  D.  F.    Wittema,  125  F.  H.;  Vellinga.  362  P.  R,    Milk  10,171  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year,  P. 

NORTHERN  QUEEN,  2933  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  10,000  Ibs.  5  months.  1  day,  P.    Butter  9  Ibs.  2  oz.  7 

days,  P. 
NOVEKA  PEL,  1645  D.  F.    Prince  of  Altijdwerk.  178  P.  R  ;  Pel  4th,  194  M.  R.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

Butter  26  Ibs.  14  days,  P. 

NOVELTY,  5348  H.  F.    Pel  2d.  327  D.  F. ;  Belle  of  Woodside,  1676  D.  F.    Milk  13,624  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P. 
NOWALINE,  2951  H.    Imp.    Milk  67  Ibs.  1  day,  A.R.;  16,135  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P. 
NOVEKA  PEL,  1645  D.  F.    Prince  of  Altijdwerk,  178  P.  R. ;  Pel  4th,  525  P.  R.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

Butter  26  Ibs.  14  days,  P. 

NUDINE,  2845  H.    Imp.    Milk  79  Ibs.  1  day,  14,953  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 
NUDINE  2o,  6413  H.    Neptune,  711  H.;  Nudine,  2845  H.    Milk  64  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P.;  8021  Ibs.  2  oz.  8 

months,  4  days,  A.R. 
NUDINE  3o,  373  H.  F.    Captain  Daw,  2088  H. ;  Nudine,  2845  H.    Milk  35  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  P.;  7542  Ibs. 

14  oz.  9  months,  23  days,  A.R. 

NUDINE  4ra,  3997  H.  F.    Billy  Bawn,  3087  H.    Nudine,  2845  H.    Milk  42  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P.;  8051  Ibs. 

2  oz.  9  months,  16  days,  A.R. 

NUDINE  5TH,  8730  H.  F.    Billy  Bawn,  3087  H. ;  Dusty,  6536  H.    Milk  8990  Ibs.  1  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
NUMA,  5891  H.    Imp.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  11,339  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  P. 
NUTMEG,  8865  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  1059  Ibs.  12  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 
NUTMEG  2o,  9680  H.  F.    Flora  Clifden's  Mercedes  Prince,  3545  H.;  Nutmeg,  8865  H.    Butter  11  Ibs. 

15  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

NYLEPTHA,  7708  H.  F.    Jonge  Care,  2305  H. ;  Pietje  Melkmeid,  4113  H.    Milk  1019  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  month, 

4  days,  P. 

NYMPH,  2844  H.    Imp.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
NYSSA,  5890  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  9294  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 

OASIS,  1505  H.    Billy  Bawn,  189  H. ;  Ondine,  828  H.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

OATKA,  945  H.    Imp.    Milk  87  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  A.R. ;  15.688  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  22  Ibs.  8}£  oz. 

7  days,  85  Ibs.  7  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 
OBBE,  5759H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
OCCIDENT,  2846  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

OCTOROON,  916  H.    Imp.    Milk  79  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  11,071  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  months  27  days,  A.R. 

OEBELE,  5722  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

OHIO  STATE  TEST,  7240  H.  F.    Goldstone  2d,  949  H. ;  Jumbo  Maid,  1187  H.    Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ; 

8,097  Ibs.  12  oz.  8  months  17  days,  A.R.    Butter  13  Ibs.  4^  oz.  7  days.  A.R. 
OHIO  VALLEY,  4494  H.  F.    Commodore  Preble,  3191  H. ;  Savina  of  Shadeland,  8611  H.    Milk  35  Ibs. 

8  oz.  1  day,  945  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

OLA,  3375  H.    Alkmaar,  459  H. ;  Saapke,  736  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

OLANY.  8987  H.    Netherland  Prince,  71 6  H. ;  Theta,  2902  H.    Butter  13  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 

OLGA  CHICO,  5254  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  12,418  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

OLLIE  FLETCHER,  6170  H.   F.     Nimbus  2d,  2381  H.;    Rinske,  5888  H.     Butter  18  Ibs.  !*£  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 

OLLIVETTE,  3118  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
OMAHA'S  ARTIS  CARISA,  13673  H.  F.    Omaha,  3231  H.  F. ;  Artis  Carisa,  7798  H.    Milk  11,498  Ibs.  8  oz. 

1  year,  A.R. 
OMAHA'S  CHRYSTENAH,  13672  H.  F.    Omaha,  3231  H.  F.;  Chrystenah,  4024  H.  F.    Milk  11,363  Ibs.  1 

year,  A.R. 
OMAHA'S  DOMINGO  S1  MABEL,  16890  H.  F.    Omaha,  3231  H.;  Domingo  S.  Mabel  of  Pacofoc,  13668 

H.  F.    Milk  12,275  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 
OMAHA'S  LUCY  OF  PACIFIC,  13674  H.  F.    Omaha,  3231  H.  F.;  Lucy  of  Pacific,  623  H.  F.    Milk  10,716 

Ibs.  1  year,  A.R. 

ONDINE,  828  H.    Imp.    Milk  90  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  2545  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
ONDINE'S  MODEL,  4167  H.    Empire,  588  H. ;  Onyx,  1066  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ONDIT  LASS,  2592  H.  F.    Ondit,  2292  H. ;  Huzzetta,  4164  H.     Milk  35  Ibs.  1  day,  P.     Butter  17  Ibs.  13 

oz.  7  days,  P. 
ONETTA,  1816  D.  F.     Ykema,  322  D.  F. ;  Antje  Santema,  948  D.  F.     Milk  10,607  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 

Butter  14  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 

ONONDAGA  PRINCESS  2o,  1450  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ONONDAGA  PRINCESS  3o,  3367  H.     Nabob,  719  H.;  Onondaga  Princess  2d,  1450  H.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1 

day,  P. 

ONONIS,  2366  H.    Empire,  588  H.;  Onyx,  1066  H.    Milk  68  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  11,601  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
ONONIS  3D,  12705  H.  F.    Constantyn,  2040  H.;  Ononis,  2366  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
OOLOOLOO,  10719  Hi  F.    Mink  Prince,  2865  H. ;  Pearle  Winkle,  3587  H.  F.    Butter  18  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
OPAL,  1376 H.    Ashland  Prince,  409  H.;  Madge,  374  H.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  clay,  P. 
OPHELIA,  965  H.     Imp.     Milk  57  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  6291  Ibs.  8  oz."  143  days,  P.      Butter  13  Ibs.  5  oz.  7 

days,  P. 
OPPERDOES  16TH,  44  H.    Van  Tromp,  50  H. ;  Maid  of  Opperdoes,  22  H.     Milk  82  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  2545 

Ibs.  4  oz.  31  days,  P. 

OPPERDOES  17ra,  198  H.    Third  Dutchman,  46  H. ;  Opperdoes  16th,  44  H.    Milk  10,254  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
ORANGE  GIRL,  860  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,349  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R. 
ORBONA,  7203  H.    Imp.    Milk  91  Ibs.  1  day,  15,071  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
ORCA,  9339  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ORELIA,  1799  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  8000  Ibs.  6  months,  P. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  357 

ORKTTA,  27699  H.  F.    Ophelia's  Champion,  10547  H.  F. ;  Ophelia  Netherland,  9490  H.  F.    Milk  10,697 

Ibs.  10  months,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ORIAN,  9467  H.    Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ORIANA,  1269  H.    Imp.   Milk  60  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  12,300  Ibs.  1  year,  P.   Butter  13  Ibs.  8^  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ORIANA  4TH,  7985  H.    Iroquois,  1074  H.;  Oriana,  1269  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  12,300  Ibs.  1  year, 

P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  3^  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ORIENT,  963  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  9225  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  \\Y2  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

ORIENT  MAID,  12050  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  79  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
ORIENT'S  GRACIA,  6973  H.  F.    Orient,  1600  H. :  Gracia  2d,  1442  H.    Butter  14  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ORPHE,  6257  H.    Imp.    Milk  67  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ORPHIA,  2851  H.    Imp.    Milk  33  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  13,000  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

ORPHIA  2o,  18402  H.  F.    Fairmount  Tom,  2448  H. ;  Orphia,  2851  H.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ORSINGA,  1539  D.  F.    De  Nette,  281  F. ;  Wagenaar,  1240  F.     Butter  11  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
OSAIRA,  3834  H.  F.    Graaf  Jan,  366  Neth. :  Mantel,  2697  Neth.    Butter  10  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 
OSWEGO  COUNTY  QUEEN,  14352  H.  F.    Amalga,  702  H.  F.;  lona  C,  3946  H.  F.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

Butter  17  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

OTA,  1847  D.  F.    Tell.  128  D.  F. ;  Anke,  363  D.  F.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day.  10.702 Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  P. 
OTELIA,  2367  H.  F.    Dennis,  1344  H. ;  Zadee,  4726  H.    Milk  31  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
OTTIE  2D,  2118  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
OTTIE  3D,  3921  H.    Promoter,  1518  H. ;  Ottie.  2010  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
OTTILLIE,  5383  H.    Imp,    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

OUISIANA,  3970  H.  F.    Van  Duren,  142  H.  F. ;  Harrisette,  28  H.  F.    Milk  1000  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
OVERLOOPER,  1626  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  480  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  3  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day, 

21  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  P. 
OVERLOOPER'S  MERCEDES,  4517  H.  F.    Mercedes  Prince,  2150  H. ;  Overlooper,  1626    H.    Milk  45  Ibs. 

2  oz.  1  day  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  13  ^  oz.  7  days,  P. 
OWANDAH,  8771  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,320  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 

PADONIA,  7234  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  1998  Ibs.  10  oz.  30  days,  P. 

PALADIN,  9628  H.    Imp.   Milk  75  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  13,117  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  P.  Butter  22  Ibs.  13  oz. 

7  days,  P. 

PALME,  1726  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

PALSKE,  2029  H.  F.    De  Prins,  310  Neth. ;  Palski,  863  Neth.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PANCHA,  7459  H.    Imp.    Milk  9429  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  P. 
PANHARING,  9465  H.    Imp.    Milk  49  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PANSYNE,  6923  H.    Imp.    Milk  1113  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
PARANA  ABBEKERK,  9594  H.    Imp.    Milk  91  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  11,546  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  P.    Butter 

30  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
PARANA  ABBEKERK  2o,  4590  H.  F.   -Sir  Henry  of  Maplewood,  2933  H.;  Parana  Abbekerk,  9594  H. 

Milk  71  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  2013  Ibs.  12  oz.  30  days.  P.    Butter  28  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
PARANA  ABBEKERK  STH,  4590  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  of  Maplewood,  2933  H. ;  Parana  Abbekerk,  9594  H. 

Milk  77  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  30  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
PARANA  ABBEKERK  MECHTHILDE.  12699  H.  F.    Sir  Mechthilde,  2224  H.  F.    Parana  Abbekerk  2d, 

4590  H.  F.    Milk  43  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  P. 
PAREPA  ROSA,  1294  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

PARMA  GIRL,  1339  H.  F.    Burley,  394  H. ;  Leentje  2d,  2784  H.    Butter  18  Ibs.  10%  oz.  7  days,  P. 
PARTELLA,  5981  H.    Imp.    Milk  37  Ibs.  1  day,  1000  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
PARTHENIA,  1303  H.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  10,732  Ibs.  10  oz.  9  months  10  days,  P.     Butter  38  Ibs. 

8^  oz.  7  days,  P. 
PARTHENIA  2o,  3494  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Parthenia,  1303  H.    Milk  81  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  7357 

Ibs.  8  oz.  9  months,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 

PASTELEIN,  2011  H.  F.    Lincoln  1-20  Neth. ;  Pastijn,  4321  Neth.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PASTELEINTJE  2o,  977  H.    Imp.    Milk  87  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
PASTELIJNTJK  GALIS,  737  H.  F.      Barrington,  2103  H.;  Pastelijntje  I,  679  Neth.     Milk  52  Ibs.  15  oz. 

1  day.  10,619  Ibs.  10  oz.  9  months,  A.R.    Butter  15  Ibs.  4'a  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
PATIENCE  K,  3116  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

PATRICE  ABBEKERK,  9600  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  8663  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  P. 
PATSY,  970  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  9040  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R 
PATSY  3o,  6146  H.  F.    Prince  of  Wayne  5th,  1910  H.;  Patsy,  970  H.    Milk  299  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 

Butter  21  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 

PAULA,  200  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
PAULA  2o,  421  H.    Sir  William,  155  II.;  Paula,  200  H.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PAULA  3o,  1030  H.    Sir  William,  155  H.;  Paula,  200  H.    Milk  57  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  24  Ibs.  12 

oz.  7  days,  P. 
PAULA  BOONSTRA,  12169  H.  F.    Prince  of  Paula,  1517  H.  F.:  Boonstra  3d,  3617  H.    Milk  84  Ibs.  8  oz. 

1  day,  P. 

PAULINA,  1616  D.  F.    Willem,  204  F.  H. ;  Emma,  864  F.  H.     Milk  80  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. 
PAULINE,  422  H.    Heidelberg,  110  H. ;  Dorothea,  118  H.    Milk  59  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
PAULINE  3o,  425  D.  F.     Nicolaas  ^d,  29  M.  R. ;  Pauline  2d,  18  A.  R.     Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PAULINE  PAUL,  2199  H.    Climax,  204  H. ;  Johanna  Paul,  677  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  18,669  Ibs.  9 

oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  128  Ibs.  13  oz.  30  days,  1,153  Ibs.  15%  oz.  1  year,  A  R. 
PAULINE  PAUL  AMERICA,  28392  H.  F.    Paul  De  Kol,  14634  H.  F.;  America  2d,  10509  H.  F     Milk  45  Ibs. 

6  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  9,976  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  year,  A  R.     Butter  13  Ibs.  5  4-5  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
PAULINE  PAUL  GRANT,  35053  H.  F.    Paul  De  Kol,  14634  H.  F.;  Nellie  Grant  4th,  6624  H.    Milk  52  Ibs. 

12  oz.  1  day,  5.149  Ibs.  14  oz.  4  months,  P.     Butter  13  Ibs.  1%  oz.  7  days,  P. 
PAVIA,  7162  H.    Imp.     Milk  10,510  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

PAYNE'S  LADY  DE  VRIES,  5895  H.    Imp.    Milk  91  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  18,848  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P. 
PAYNE'S  LADY  DE  VRIES  2o,  9034  H.    Commodore  Perry,  2867  H. ;  Payne's  Lady  De  Vries,  5895  H. 

Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PEARL  ROOKER,  6465  H.  F.     Kenmore  Boy.  4576  H.;  Eliza  Rooker,  9884  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  7485 

Ibs.  14  oz.  9  months,  P. 

PEEP,  8767  H.  F.     Billy  Bawn,  3087  H. ;  Rustic  Lass  2d,  2101  H.    Milk  8055  Ibs.  2  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 
PEL  4TH,  525  D.  F.     Wiersma,  10  F. ;  Pel  2d.    Milk  68  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
PENINGA,  5211  H.      Imp.      Milk  86  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  18,677  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P.      Butter  19  Ibs.  9  oz.  7 

days,  P. 


358  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

PENOPA,  10391  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  7859  Ibs.  5  oz.  10  months,  18  days,  P. 

PENSEROSA,  9562  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  1120  Ibs.  1  month,  P. 

PERFECTION,  572  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  9189  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

PERFECTION  2o,  6843  H.    Lord  Asnley,  2556  H. ;  Perfection,  572  H.    Milk  74  Ibs.  1  day,  P 

PERRINE,  9343  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

PERSUA,  2861  H.    Milk  7529  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  P. 

PESCH,  2011  F.  H.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs  1  day,  P. 

PET,  900  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  P. 

PETERINA,  2960  H.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

PETERINA  2o,  12177  H.  F.   Billy  Boelyn,  189  H.;  Peterina,  2960  H.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  13,666  Ibs.  4  oz. 

1  year,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
PETERNELLA,  540  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  P. 
PET  LEE,  2506  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PETQUI,  7401  H.    Imp."    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PETREA  2o,  10160  H.    Jaap,  452  H. ;  Petrea,  5362  H.    Milk  295  Ibs.  11  oz.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  14  Ibs. 

12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

PET  TEXELAAR  2o,  7429  H.    Wilde  Oscar,  1322  H. ;  Pet  Texelaar,  2307  H.    Butter  2  37  Ibs  1  day  P 
PETTIE,  624  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  73  Ibs.  12  o^.  1  day,  P. 
PETULA,  2855  H.    Wouter  3d,  86  Neth.;  Jannek,  30  Neth.    Milk  32  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  7793  Ibs.  7  oz    10 

months,  4  days,  P. 

PETUNIA,  2859  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  11,505  Ibs.  2  oz.  10  months,  P. 
PHEBE  LINCOLN,  10036  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,058  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
PHEBE  S,  4047  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  2763  Ibs.  2  oz.  60  days,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  11>£  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

PHILENE,  2194  H.    Banjo,  564  H. ;  Prudence,  883  H.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PHILIDORA,  6926  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  A.R. ;  668  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  17  Ibs. 

3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

PHILPAIL,  10406  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
PHOEBA  ZEEMAN,  919  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  P. 
PHOEBA  ZEEMAN  2o,  9169  H.  F.    Prairie  Aaggie  Prince,  2  H.  F. ;  Phoeba  Zeeman,  919  H.  F.    Milk  41 

Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 

PICKANINNY,  8844  H.    Imp.    Butter  22  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
PIERKJE,  2222  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PIERKJE  2D,  6671  H.  F.     Sir  Edwin  of  Aaggie,  1861  H.;   Pierkje,  2222  H.     Milk  34  Ibs.   12  oz.   1 

day,  P. 
PIERSMA,  5730  H.    Imp.    Milk  91  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  12,697  Ibs.  12  oz.,  P.     Butter  14  Ibs.  7  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

PIETERTJE  2o,  3273  H.    Imp.    Milk  112  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  30,318  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 
PIETERTJE  3D,  11244  H.  F.    Keyes  6th,  1692  H. ;  Pietertje  2d,  3273  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  A.R  ; 

24,126  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  27  Ibs.  8^  oz.  7  days,  P. ;  110  Ibs.  6^  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 
PIETERTJE  4TH,  11245  H.  F.    Netherland  Duke,  1571  H.:  Pietertje  2d,  3273  H.    Milk  54  Ibs.  4  oz.  1 

day,  15,034  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  22  Ibs.  \YZ  oz.  7  days,  P. 
PIETERTJE  5TH,  11246  H.  F.    Netherland  Duke,  1571  H.;  Pietertje  2d,  3273  H.    Butter  13  Ibs.  3  oz.  7 

days,  P. 
PIETERTJE  HENGERVELD,  24137  H.  F.    Milla's  Pietertje  Netherland,  7825  H.  F. ;  Netherland  Henger- 

veld,  13106  H.  F.    Milk  492  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R.    Butrer  21  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
PIETERTJE  KEKKE,  28352  H.  F.    Milla's  Pietertje  Netherland,  7825  H.  F. ;  Kekke  3d,  887  D.  F.    Milk 

297  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  12  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
PIETJE,  253  D.  F.    Gerritt;  Tietje.    Milk  89  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PIETJE  2o,  3271  H.    Imp.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

PIETJE  PIERSMA,  5478  H.    Imp.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  1227  Ibs.  1  month,  P. 
PINAFORE,  557  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H. ;  Lady  Jane,  356  H.    Milk  31  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PINK,  555  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PINK  DE  LAAG,  5704  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

PLEASANT  VALLEY  MAID,  9431  H.    Imp.    Milk  744  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  29  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
PLEASANT  VALLEY  MAID  2o,  2860  H.  F.    Sir  Duke,  4458  H. ;  Pleasant  Valley  Maid,  9431  H.    Milk  8059 

Ibs.  14  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
PLEDGE,  1506  H.    Billy  Boelyn,  189  H.;  Plenty,  542  H.    Milk  110  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs. 

9  oz.  7  days,  P. 

PLUM,  4161  H.    Empire,  588  H. ;  Plenty,  542  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
POEM,  1430  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H. ;  Prudence,  883  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
POLARIA,  7911  H.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

POLIANTHUS,  6921  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  1  day,  13,160  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P. 
POLINDA,  9281  H.  F.    Billy  Draper,  479  H.  F. ;  Durkette,  1916  H.  F.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
POLLY  JEFFERSON,  11112  H.  F.    Jan  Wit  13th,  633  H.  F.;  Memento  4th,  2078  H.    Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day, 

8746  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  12  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
POND  LILY,  10220  H.    Keyes  6th,  1692  H. ;  Sietske  S,  4892  H.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  286  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 

Butter  13  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
POND  LILY,  2D,  10562  H.  F.     Balsam  Prince,  1493  H.  F. ;  Pond  Lily,  10220  H.     Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

Butter  12  Ibs.  7  days  P. 
POPPY,  1745  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

POPPY  2o,  5913  H.    Napoleon,  706  H. ;  Poppy,  1745  H.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
POPPY  4TH,  9266  H.  F.    Mercedes1  Mahomet,  2943  H. ;  Poppy,  1745  H.    Milk  1022  Ibs.  90  days,  P. 
PORCELAIN,  201  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  8.  oz.  1  day,  P. 
PORCELEIN,  6671  H.    Gerritt,  31  Neth.;  Porcelein,  147  Neth.    Milk  85  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  8 

pz.  7  days,  P. 

PORCELEINTJEU  568  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  9,oz.  1  day,  10,586  Ibs.  3  oz.  9  months,  P. 
PORSELEINTJE  3o,  547  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. 
PORTER  LOWRY,  10547  H.  F.    Netherland  Convoy,  2934  H. ;  Elsie  Chester,  4370  H.    Milk  31  Ibs.  8  oz. 

1  day,  P. 

POSMA,  3061  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
POYNERITJE,  8264  H.  F.    Albert  493  F. ;  Zwarthak,  1647  F.    Milk  79  Ibs.  1  day,  2005  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

Butter  23  ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 

PRAIRIE  BELLE,  1800  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  713  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
PRAIRIE  FLOWER,  962  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  13,012  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  1 

oz.  7  days,  81  Ibs.  10>£  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER   RECORDS.  359 

PRAIRIE  FLOWER'S  PAULINE  PAUL,  32257  H.  F.    Paul  De  Kol,  14634  H.  F.i  Prairie  Flower,  962  H. 
Milk  42  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  8999  Ibs.  8  oz.  8  months,  25  days,  A.R.    Butter  10  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days, 

A  T? 

PRICELESS,  959  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  8259  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 

PRIDE,  5376  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  10.097  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P. 

PRIDE  O-'DEE,  4993  H     Panic,  871  H. ;  Cora  Belle  Spaanz,  2077  H.    Butter  16  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 

PRIDE  OP  BEEMSTER,  424  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  12,759  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

PRIDE  OF  HERKIMER,  623   H.    Chief  tan  4th,  946  H.;  Maid  of  Herkimer,  3331  H.    Milk  58  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

day,  15.439  Ibs.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  16  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
PRIDE  OF  LANCASTER,  2549  H.  F.     Mooie  Twisk,  85  D.  F. ;  Bakker  3d,  215  D.  F.    'Milk  60  Ibs.  1 

day,  P. 

PRIDE  OF  TWISK,  929  H.    Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  8  oz  1  day,  30  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
PRIMA  DONNA,  889  H.    Imp.    Milk  38  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  7,494  Ibs.  7  oz.  361  days,  P. 
PRIMROSE,  202  H.    Imp.    Hedwig,  189  H.    Milk  6,881  Ibs.  6  oz.  11  months,  P. 
PRIMROSE  2o,  2205  H.    Col.  Fox,  206  H. ;  Primrose  202  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  408  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 

Butter  18  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
PRIMROSE  LINCOLN,  10028  H.    Lincoln,  120  Neth.    Milk  6,881  Ibs.  6  oz.  11  months,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs. 

7  days,  P. 
PRINCE  OP  TWISK'S  ANTRIM,  7564  H.  F.    Prince  of  Twisk,  1055  H. ;  Antrim  2d,  246  H.    Butter  14  Ibs. 

1>3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

PRINCESS,  203  H.    Hollander,  112  H. ;  Lady  Tolsraa,  167  H.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PRINCESS  AAGGIE,  3548  H.    Neptune,  711  H.;  Princess  of  Wayne  3d,  1315  H.    Milk  54  Ibs.  12  oz.  1 

day,  P. ;  10,302  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  3 Ja'  oz.  7  days,  P. 
PRINCESS  AAGGIE'S  PAULINE  DE  KOL,  35056  H.  F.    Paul  De  Kol,  146:34  H.  F. ;  Princess  Aaggie,  3548 

H.    Butter  9  Ibs.  13^  oz.  7  days,  P. 

PRINCESS  BESS,  2211  H.    Billy  Boelyn,  139  H. ;  Queen  Bess,  429  H.    Milk  51  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    But- 
ter 10  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
PRINCESS  DE  BRAVE  HENDRIK,  3826  H.  F.    De  Brave  Hendrik,  230  H.  F. ;  Eef  je,  5085  Neth.    Milk 

261  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P.    Butter  10  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
PRINCESS  GALATIA,  27808  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  of  Maplewood,  2933  H. ;  Galatia  2d,  4588  H.  F.    Milk  39 

Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
PRINCESS  HOLLANDER,  9595  H.  F.    Sir  Henry  of  Maplewood,  2933  H. ;   Hollander  2d,  5782  H.    Milk 

60  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P. 
PRINCESS  IDALINE,  4996  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;    Idalina,  2751  H.    Milk  58   Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day, 

1,487  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  5^  oz  7  days,  P. 
PRINCESS  IDALINE'S  CLOTHILDE,  16538  H.  F.    Clothilde  4th's  Imperial,  1281  H.  F.;  Princess  Idaline, 

4996  H.    Milk  9893  Ibs.  2  oz.  10  months,  20  days,  P. 

PRINCESS  IDLEWILD,  457  H.  F.    Idlewild,  1598  H. ;  Lady  Ashley,  4374  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PRINCESS  MARGARET,  5256  H.    Prince  of  Edom,  1076  H.;  Prima  Donna,  889  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,P. 

Butter  20  Ibs.  1}£  oz.  7  days,  P. 
PRINCESS  MARGARET  3o,  9558  H.  F.    Windsor,  1316  H. ;  Princess  Margaret,  5256  H.     Milk  366  Ibs.  10 

days,  P. 
PRINCESS  NAPRAXINE,  6167 H.  F.     Kremlin,   1145  H.;  Pascalina,   4972  H.     Butter  12  Ibs.  12>£  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 
PRINCESS  NICOLINA  3D,  2125  H.  F.     Sphinx,   1956  H.:    Princess  Nicolina,  3087  H.     Milk  42  Ibs.  1 

day,  P. 
PRINCESS  NICOLINA  4TH,  5414  H.  F.    Oakland  Chief,  3259  H.;  Princess  Nicolina,  3087  H.    Milk  42 

Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day;  285  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 

PRINCESS  OF  FRIESLAND,  10395  H.     Imp.    Milk  78  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
PRIDE  OP  LANCASTER,  2549  H.  F.    Mooie  Twisk,  85  D.  F.;    Bakker  2d,  215  D.  F.     Milk  60  Ibs.   1 

day,  P. 
PRINCESS  OF  VERONA,  8217  H.  F.     Neptune  Fairview,  3886  H.;  Mantel  3d,  2148  H.     Milk  6424  Ibs.  8 

oz.  9  months,  20  days,  P. 
PRINCESS  OF  WAYNE,  954  H.     Imp.     Milk  113  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  29,008  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  year,  A.R.     Butter 

24  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  91  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  A.R. 
PRINCESS  OF  WAYNE  3o,  1315  H.     Burly,  394  H. ;  Princess  of  Wayne,  954  H.     Milk  83  Ibs.  15  oz.  1 

day,  19,122  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  18  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  76  Ibs.  12K  oz.  30  days.  A.R. 
PRINCESS  OF  WAYNE  4TH,  2339  H.      Burly,   394  H. ;  Princess  of  Wayne,  954  H.      Milk  71  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

day,  14,010  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  19  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
PRINCESS  OF  WAYNE  5TH,  5912  H.    Lad  of  Wahvorth,  729  H. ;  Princess  of  Wayne,  954  H.    Milk  68 

Ibs.  1  day,  11,765  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  A.R.     Butter  21  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
PRINCESS  OF  WAYNE  STH'S  AAGGIE,  4974  H.  F.    Royal  Aaggie,  3463  H. ;  Princess  of  Wayne  5th,  5912 

H.    Milk  51  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  J2,458  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  14  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
PRINCESS  OF  WAYNE  7TH,  28690  H.  F.    Paul  De  Kol,  14634  H.  F.;  Princess  of  Wayne,  954  H.    Milk 

65  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  10,988  Ibs.  14  oz.  9  months  15  days,  P.     Butter  9  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
PRINCESS  PARTHENEA,  12691  H.  F.    Prince  Wayne  Mercedes1  Echo,  2328  H. :  Parthen'ea  2d,  4589  H. 

F.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  ?  oz.  1  day,  P. 
PRINCESS  PARTHBNEA'S  COLANTHA,  21388  H.   F.    Colantha's  Sir  Henry,  3733  H.  F.;  Princess  Par- 

thenea,  12691  H.  F.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

PRINCESS  ROSAMOND,  2868  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  6501  Ibs.  11  months  19  days,  P. 
PRINCESS  ROSAMOND  2o,  3506  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 
PROMOTER'S  NORTHERN  STAR,  12392  H.  F.    Promoter,  1518  H. ;  Northern  Star,  2935  H.    Milk  403  Ibs. 

12  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 

PROSPERINE,  1475  D.  F.    Jacob,  207  F. ;  Pietje,  1367  H.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PRUDENCE  2o,  3863  H.     Banjo,  564  H. ;  Prudence,  883  H.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
PRUNELLA,  2871  H.    Imp.    Milk  31  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day.  5440  Ibs.  13  oz.  6  months  28  days,  P. 
PUSSY  TIP  TOES,  1497  H.  F.    Empyrean,  1006  H. ;  Hetty,  327  H.    Milk  7009  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  year,  P. 
PYPER,  10398  H.    Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  16,600  Ibs.  10  months,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 

DUALITY  2o.  12188  H.  F.    De  Brave  Hendrik,  230  H.  F.;  Quality,  8842  H.    Milk  38  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
JUANTOCK,  7182  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,250  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 
JUEEN  ANNE,  1256  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs  1  day,  1306  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

JUEEN  BELLE,  7769  H.  F.  Jacob  Wit,  2662  H. ;  Juanita,  5625  H.   Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  408  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
)UEEN  BEKS,  429  H.    Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  11,000  Ibs.  1  year,  P.     Butter,  19  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
1  JEEN  ELSIE,  2081  H.    Geneva  Duke,  254  H.;  Almina,  699  H.    Milk  45  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  2535  Ibs.  60 
days,  P. 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


QUEEN  OP  ASHLEY,  1599  H.    Leander,  520  H. ;  Perfection,  572  H.    Milk  2168  Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter 

20  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 

QUEEN  OP  BUCHANAN,  6183  H.    Chieftan  4th,  946  H. :  Sannell,  683  H.    Butter  19  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
QUEEN  OP  KENNETT,  6928  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1858  Ibs.   8  oz.  30  days,  A.R.    Butter  3 

Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P  ;  20  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
QUEEN  OP  LAKEVIEW.  7254  H.    Imp.    Milk  79  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

QUEEN  OP  PACIFIC,  626  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  765  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. ;  13,341  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R. 
QUEEN  OP  SYRACUSE,  1258  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

QUEEN  OP  THE  HILL,  1244  H.     Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  I  day,  P.-    Butter  21  Ibs.  4  oz.  8  days,  A.R. 
QUEEN  OP  THE  HILL  2o,  2391  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  1902  Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

day,  P. 

QUEEN  OP  THE  HILL  3o,  2149  H.    Ranger,  635  H.;  Queen  of  the  Hill,  1244  H.    Butter  2  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
QUEEN  OP  THE  HILL  4TH,  3793  H.    Malcolm,  906  H.;  Queen  of  the  Hill,  1244  H.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day, 

5341  Ibs.  90  days,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  9  oz  1  day,  23  Ibs.  7  days,  91  Ibs.  8  oz.  81  days,  P. 
QUEEN  OP  THE  VALLEY  4TH  1284  H.  F.    Lad  of  Prescott,  2389  H. ;  Queen  of  the  Valley,  480>£  H. 

Milk  7942  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  A  R. 
QUEEN  OP  WAYNE,  955  H.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  14,506  Ibs,  2  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  4 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
QUEEN  OF  WAYNE  2o,  6682  H.    Burly,  394  H  ;  Queen  of  Wayne  955,  H.    Milk  62  Ibs.  9  oz.  1'  day, 

11,567  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  6J2X  oz.  7  days,  P. 

QUEEN  SKUNK,  431  H.    Cost  Dyke,  130  H. ;  Holland  Queen,  144  H.    Milk  9351  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  P. 
QUETTA,  7382  H.    Imp.    Milk  53  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
Quiz,  7168  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  10,859  Ibs.  11  months  10  days.  P. 

RACHEL  ADINE  B,  16356  H.  F.    Promoter,  1518  H. ;  Rachel  Adine,  5611  H.    Milk  45  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day, 

425  Ibs.  1  oz.  10  days,  P. 
RAG  APPLE,  1286  H.  F.    Lad  of  Prescott,  2389  H.;  Fiirstinn,  1598  H.    Milk  9652  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  months, 

A.R. 

RALMER,  9554  H.    Lincoln,  120  Neth. ;  Imp.    Milk  15,000  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
RAMONA,  265  H.  F.    Constantyn,  2040  H. :  Louisiana,  6699  H.    Milk  63  Ibs.  10  oz.  1    day,  359  Ibs.  10 

days,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. 
RANGELEY,  12032  H.  F.    Jonge  Bloemhof,  751  F.;  Johanna,  1270  F.    Milk  49  Ibs.  1  day,  1127  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 
RAPHAELH  3D,  22940  H.  F.    Aaggie  Grace's  Boy,  7068  H.  F.;  Raphaella,  6279  H.  F.    Milk  6987  Ibs. 

10  months,  A.R. 
RARA,  142  H.  F.    Bloemhof,  371  F.;  Jan,  2474  F.    Milk  337  Ibs.  11  oz.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  11  Ibs. 

9  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
RARA  TRITOMIA  MERCEDES,  6913  H.  F.    Tritomia's  Mercedes  Prince,  3543  H.;  Rara,  142  H.    Milk  54 

Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1596  Ibs.  1  month,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 
RAVENWOOD,  1373  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H.;  Coquette,  909  H.    Milk  85  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  6 

oz.  7  days,  P. 

REBECCA,  433  H.    Imp.    Milk  7899  Ibs  272  days,  P. 

REBECCA  EGMOND,  6457  H.    Imp.    Milk  69  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  12,038  Ibs.  2)£  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
REESMON  3o,  4745  H.     Johannis,  428  H.;  Reesmow  2d,  1333  H.     Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  10,332  Ibs.  10 

months,  P. 
REESMON  3o  A,  2444  H.  F.    Copies  Empire,  3559  H. ;  Reesmow  3d,  4745  H.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  11,818 

Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
REESMON  3D  B,  9119  H.  F.    Copies  Empire,  3559  H  ;  Reesmow  3d,  4745  H.    Milk  33  Ibs.  1  day,  6837 

Ibs.  9  months  15  days,  P. 
REESMON  3o  C,  14248  H.  F.    Hilda's  Empire,  3562  H. ;  Reesmow  3d,  4745  H.    Milk  2163  Ibs.  6  months 

14  days,  P. 
REESMON  3o  D,  18039  H.  F.    Hilda's  Empire,  3562  H. ;  Reesmow  3d,  4745  H.    Milk  1673  Ibs.  6  months 

17  days,  P. 

REESMON  4TH  A,  18045  H.  F.    Copia's  Empire,  3559  H, ;  Reesmon  4th,  8482  H.    Milk  28  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
REGIS,  5764  H.    Imp.    Butter  17  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

REGOLA,  4501  H.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  7741  Ibs.  6  months,  P.    Butter  11  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 
REGOLA  4ra,  14993  H.  F.    Zymel's  Barrington,  1841  H.  F.;  Regola,  4501  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day, 

477  Ibs.  10  oz.  10  days,  P. 

REINTJE,  5367  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
REISINGA,  6522  H.  F.    De  Brave  Hendrik,  230  H.  F. ;  Blokker  2d,  6499  H.  Milk  40  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  9193 

Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P. 
REMMETJE,  2012  H.  F.    Eillem  3d,  375  Neth. ;  Remmetje,  3876  Neth.    Milk  12,035  Ibs.  10  months,  24 

days,  P. 

RENELLA  ABBEKERK,  9587  H.    Abbekerk,  206  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  10,039  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  P.   But- 
ter 11  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
RENIE,  9349  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
RENSKE,  77  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

RENSKE  2o,  231  D.  F.    Mooie,  26  M.  R. ;  Renske,  77  M.  R.    Butter  49  Ibs.  2  oz.  21  days,  A.R. 
REPITA,  6521  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  36  Ibs.  1  day,  5000  Ibs.  6  months,  P. 

RESERVE  PRINCESS,  5256  H.  F.    Consolation,  2661  H. ;  Ottillie,  5383  H.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
RHEA,  5292  H.    Herman;  Dan  Marie.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
RHODA,  434  H.     Roland,  144  H  ;  Texelaar  8th,  55  H.     Milk  96  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  21,309  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

Butter  23  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
RHODA  CLIPDEN,  1110  H.  F.    Lord  Clifden,  572  H. ;  Vesta  of  Potsdam,  470  H.      Milk  981  Ibs.  10  days, 

A.R     Butter  27  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
RHODA  So,  8203  H.     Constantyn,  2040  H.;  Rhoda,  434  H.     Milk  66  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  406  Ibs.  12  oz.  10 

days,  P.    Butter  28  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
RHODOPE,  5303  H.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
RHOEBE  H,  5223  H.     Imp.     Milk  89  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  10,269  Ibs.  1  year,  P.     Butter  17  Ibs.  11  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

RICA,  7312  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  13,596  Ibs.  9  months  18  days,  P. 
RIJANETA,  1131  H.    Pilgrim,  317  H. ;  Janet,  768  H.     Milk  706  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  2013  Ibs.  6  oz.  30  days, 

A.R.     Butter  2  Ibs.  I  day,  P. ;  30  Ibs.  7  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 

RIJANETA  2o,  8416  H.     Don  Quixote,  1324  H.;  Rijaneta,  1131  H.      Butter  19  Ibs.  12^  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
RINDERTJJS,  1522  D.  F.    Groote  Pier,  194  F.  H.;  Rintje,  1032  F.  H.    Milk  6,852  Ibs.  7  oz.  8  months  10 

days,  A.R. 


MILK   AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  361 

RINGWALDA,  8919  H.    Imp.    Milk  8,700  Ibs.  11  months  6  days,  P. 

RINTJE,  5357  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

RISTORI,  1890  H.    Imp.    Milk  38  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  8,744  Ibs.  9  months  28  days,  P, 

RIXA  SILVA,  1524  H.  F.    Mazda,  2672  F.;   Silva  Flora,  3853  H.     Milk  79  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  2,190  Ibs.  30 

days  P 

ROBERTA,  2491  H.    Apollo,  402  H. ;  Jessie,  342  H.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ROCHELLE,  2876  H.    Imp.     Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ROCHESTER  PRINCESS,  2796  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  13,837  Ibs.  11  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 

Butter  20  Ibs.  11>£  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ROE,  6611  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs  8  oz.  1  day,  12,267  Ibs.  5  oz.  11  months  23  days,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  14 

oz.  7  days,  A.R. ;  52  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P. 

ROETTA,  10392  H.    Imp.    Milk  38  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  7,093  Ibs  11  months  7  days,  P. 
ROLOWESTRA,  1734  D.  F.    Roelof,  120  F.  H. ;  Westra  2d,  3390  F.  H.     Milk  597  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  P. 
ROMELDA,  9351  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ROMKJE,  1503  D.  F.    Sije,  264  F.;  Trijntje,  871  F.    Milk  13,796  Ibs.  8  oz.  11  inonlhs  13  days,  P.    Butter' 

9  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

ROORDA  DE  GROAT,  1613  D.  F.    Imp     Milk  537  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  13  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ROSA,  207  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ROSA  2D,  208  H.    Imp.     Milk  1,259  Ibs.  30  days,  11,490  Ibs.  383  days,  P. 

ROSA  B  ARUMMER,  5856  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  1  day,  2098  Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ROSA  BEECHWOOD,  3392  H.     Prince  of  Edam,  Jr.,  1733  H. ;  Eudora,  3349  H.     Butter  25  Ibs.  2}£  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

ROSABELLE  S.  4050  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1213  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
ROSA  BONHEUR,  890  H.    Imp.    Milk  106  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  A.R.;  13,411  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  25 

Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

ROSA  BONHEUR  2o,  1372  H.  Uncle  Tom,  163  H  ;  Rosa  Bonheur,  890  H.    Butter  18  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ROSA  DARTLE,  1310  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  15,000  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
ROSA  HECTOR,  527  H.    Hector,  107  H. ;  Rosa  2d,  208  H.    Milk  37  Ibs  1  day,  P. 
ROSA  LEE  OP  SEASIDE,  8963  H.  F.     Leander,  520  H. ;  Second  Queen  of  Ashley,  4171  H.     Milk  38  Ibs. 

1  day,  P. 

ROSALIND,  577  H.    Imp.    Butter  17  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ROSALINE,  591  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  49  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  1351  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
ROSEALTHA.  7041  H.    Prince  Opperdoes  8th.  817  H. ;  Melrose,  1733  H.     Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ROSE  FAIRFAX,  200  H.  F.    Lord  Battels,  2429  H.  F. ;  Flora  Fairfax,  4733  H.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ROSE  OF  DECORAH,  4209  H.     Tramp,  878  H.;  Lady  of  Scholton  5th,  1926  H.     Butter  19  Ibs.  8  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

ROSE  OF  LAKESIDE,  2877  H.    Imp.    Milk  49  Ibs  3  oz.  1  day,  P. 

ROSE  OF  SHARON,  66  H.  F.    Decatur,  2034  H. ;  Idaline,  2751  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ROSETTA,  2369  H.  F.     Dennis,  1344  H. ;  Wakazoo,  4723  H.     Milk  33  Ibs.  1  day,  l\ 
ROSETTA  OF  SHADELAND  2o,  11451  H.  F.     Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H. ;  Rosetta  of  Shadeland,  2409 

H.     Milk  6590  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  months,  A.R. 
ROSJE,  5080  H.    Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ROSY  MORN,  1492  H.  F.     Empyrean,  1006  H. ;  Dawn,  H.     Milk  99(54  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
ROWENA  AAGGIE,  5512  H.  F.    Sir  Newton  of  Aaggie,  1858  H. ;  Rowena  B,  2592  H.      Butter  18  Ibs.  2 

oz.  7  days,  P. 
ROWENA  B,  2592  H.     Walter  Scott,  606  H. ;  Tattycoram,  1024  H.    Milk  85  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  834  Ibs.  10 

days.  A.R.     Butter  24  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

ROXIE,  812  D.  F.    Imf.     Milk  10,416  Ibs.  1  year,  A.  R.     Butter  16  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ROXOBEL,  10220  H.  F.    Koster  3d's  Keyes,  3568  H.  F. ;  Murillo,  5053  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  451  Ibs.  10 

days,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ROZALIA  SOMERS,  6940  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,588  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  11  Yz  oz.  7  days,  32 

Ibs.  14%  oz.  14  days,  A.R. 

RULAND,  8424  H.  F.    Dirk.  33  F.  H. ;  Sietske.  185  F.  H.     Milk  43  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
RULAND  3D,  11888  H.  F.    Koster  3d1s  Keyes,  3568  H.  F. ;  Ruland,  8424  H.  F.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  397 

Ibs.  10  days,  P. 

RURAL,  5268  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P. 

RUSTIC  LASS  2D,  2101  H.     Imp.     Milk  53  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  11,511  Ibs.  8  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 
RUTH  ARTIS,  4517  H.     Imp.     Milk  38  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  11,916  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 
RUTH  ARTIS  2o,  10385  H.     Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;  Ruth  Artis,  4517  H.     Milk  5070  Ibs.  8  oz.  4 

months,  20  days,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  9>o  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

RUTH  GATES,  5460  H.    Imp.     Milk  67  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.     Butter  17  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A  R. 
RUTH  GATES  2o,  593  H.  F.    Imp.     Milk  40  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.     Butter  15  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
RUTH  SEFFINOA,  540  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  9293  Ibs.  11  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
RUTHSEF,  4409  H.  F.    Twisker,  413  D.  F.;  Ruth  Seffinga,  540  D.  F.     Milk  6788  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R. 

SAAKJE,  2557  H.     Galtjo,  1109  H.;  Anna  Hill,  1183  H.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  1972  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

SAAPKE,  736  H.     Imp.     Milk  97  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  2784  Ibs.  13  oz.  30  days,  P. 

SAAPKE  2o.  6180  H.    Tim  Lynch,  541  H.;  Saapke,  736  H.     Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SAAR  2d,  9371  H.     Imp.     Milk  8561  Ibs.  14  oz.  11  months  28  days,  A.R.    Butter  9 Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

SAARA,  2921  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SAARETTE,  11100  H.  F.     Gerrit,  4289  H.;  Saar  2d,  9371  H.     Milk  4292  Ibs.  10  oz.  5  months  21  days,  P. 

SAARTJE,  2991  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SARRA,  9450  H.    Imp.    Milk  47  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

SACHET  2o,  8003  H.  F.     Billy  Boelyn,  189  H. ;  Sachet,  6110  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SADIE  F,  5398  H.     Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

SADIE  PAULINE  PAUL,  35054  H.  F.    Paul  de  Kol,  14634  H.  F. ;  Sadie  Vale  2d,  18449  H.  F.    Milk  43  Ibs. 

5  oz.  1  day,  3724  Ibs.  2  oz.  3  months  15  days,  P.     Butter  11  Ibs.  11  %  oz.  7  days,  P. 
SADIE  VALE,  958  H.    Imp.     Milk  78  Ibs.  1  day,  15,670  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  23  Ibs.  11  oz.  7days, 

90  Ibs.  5  oz.  30  days.  P. 
SADIE  VALE  2o,  18449  H.  F.     Duke  Netherland,  1271   H.  F. ;  Sadie  Vale,  958  H.     Milk  38  Ibs.  12  oz.  1 

day,  A.R. ;  11,282  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  9  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
SADIE  VALE  CONCORDIA,  32259  H.  F.     Concordia's  American  Wayne,   14222  H.  F. ;  Sadie  Vale  2d, 

18449  H.  F.     Milk  47  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  10,258  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  14X  oz.  7  days, 

SADY'S  TE'AKE,  1821  D.  F.     Brigham,  244  P.  R. ;  Teake  2d,  388  P.  R.     Milk  6720  Ibs.  6  months,  P. 
ST.  CATHERINE,  4488  H.    Imp.     Milk  35  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  4527  Ibs.  13  oz.  6  months,  P. 

26 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 


ST.  LAWRENCE  QUEEN,  2567  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SALLIE,  2152  H.    Pioneer,  319  H. ;  Belle  of  Stoesetbania,  1530  H.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SALLIE  KIRBY,  2879  H.    Imp.    Milk  78  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P.;  6957  Ibs.  4  oz.  4  months,  A.R.    Butter  19 

Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

SALLY  GRAY,  1889  H.    Imp.    Milk  424  Ibs.  8  oz  7  days,  P. 

SALLY  HOOD,  4489  H.    Imp.    Milk  29  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  5309  Ibs.  15  oz.  6  months  28J3  days,  P. 
SALVISSA,  7599  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SAN,  6577  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SANNELL,  683  H.    Imp.    Milk  3525  Ibs.  60  days,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  31-  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
SANNELL'S  PRIDE,  6247  H.  F.    Jaques,  765  H.;  Sannellm.  683  H.    Butter  14  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  P. 
SAPPHO,  442  H.    Pluto.  133  H. ;  Juniata,  154  H.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  6491  Ibs.  15  oz.  6  months,  P. 
SARA,  717  H.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SARA  ARTIS,  4865  H.  F.    Artis,  127  Neth. ;  Sara,  2931  Neth.    Milk  10,132  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter 

21  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 

SARNIA,  8089  H.    Imp.    Milk  73  Ibs.  1  day,  1504  Ibs.  1  month,  P. 
SATELLA,  2882  H.    Imp.    Butter  1  Ib.  7>£  oz.  1  day,  P. 

SATINETTE,  28&5  H.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  8  oz.  2  days,  P. 
SAXAFRAGIA,  6974  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  12,536  Ibs.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  9  Ibs.  14  oz. 

7  days,  A.R. 

SCHANK  2o,  5024  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  1959  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
SCHENK,  1405  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  P. 
SCHERMEER,  9357  H.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SCHERMER  MAID,  4071  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,811  Ibs.  9  months,  P. 

SCHOONE,  5995  H.    Imp     Milk  452  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  18  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
SCHUILING,  3350  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  88  Ibs.  1  day,  7000  Ibs.  100  days,  P. 
SCHUILING  4TH,  14995  H.  F.    Zymel's  Barrington,  1841  H.  F. ;  Schuiling,  3350  H.  F.    Milk  45  Ibs.   1 

day,  P. 
SCIOTO  GIRL,  8208  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Adelaide,  1257  H.    Milk  74  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  2521 

Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

SEALAMORE.  8427  H.  F.    Karel,  583  F. ;  Sibbeltje,  2003  F.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  1275  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
SEALCHI,  3959  H.    Bantam,  1011  H  ;  Rosabel,  89i  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SEATACK,  8426  H.  F.    Beijma,  428  F.;  Grietje,  134  F.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  1151  Ibs  30  days,  P.    Butter 

19  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  P. 

SEBIA,  5397  H.    Imp.    Milk  28  Ibs.  3>£  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
SECOND  MAID  OF  TWISK,  3866  H.    Elswout,  94  H. ;  Maid  of  Twisk,  3318  H.     Milk  8432  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

year,  P. 
SECOND  MARIANNA  BEETS,  16  D.  F.    Burgomaster  of  Beemster,  1  D.  F. ;  Marianna  Beets,  7  D.  F. 

Milk  96  Ibs.  1  day,  13,754  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  P. 

SECOND  QUEEN  OF  ASHLEY,  4171  H.    First  Duke  of  Ashley,  627  H.    Que^n  of  Ashley,  1599  H.    But- 
ter 14  Ibs,  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
SECOND  TRIJNTJE  KUPERUS,  332  D.  F.    Dick  Swiveler,  35  M.  R. ;  Trijntje  Kuperus,  43  M.  R.   Milk  75 

Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day.  2009  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P. 
SECOND  UNADILLA  TWISK,  32  D.  F.    Burgomaster  of  Beemster,  1  D.  F. ;  Maid  of  Twisk,  1  D.  F. 

Butter  18  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days.  P. 
SEBIA,  5397  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SELIA,  3648  H.    Dirk  Hatterick,  219  H. ;  Sumach,  453  H.    Milk  7182  Ibs.  7  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
SELIMA,  1900  H.    Dirk  Hatterick,  219  H.;  Sultana,  1032  H.     Milk  9442  Ibs.  1  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
SELINA,  921  H.  F.    Consolation,  2661  H. ;  Calamus,  7925  H.    Milk  7116  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
SEMANTHA,  9215  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
SENORITA,  2193  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SEPTIMA,  5181  H.  F.    Empyrean,  1006  H. ;  Sumach.  453  H.    Milk  6727  Ibs.  12  oz.  6  months  9  days,  P. 
SERADANA,  20838  H.  F.    Seer,  5027  H.  F.    Ednah,  6104  H.  F.    Milk  7613  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
SETHJE  VEEMAN,  936  D.  F.    Victor  Brimsma,  88  P.  R.;  2d  Durkje  Veeman,  226  M.  R.    Butter  12  Ibs. 

2  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
SETHJE  VEEMAN  2o,  9607  H.  F.    Hamilton,  686  D.  F.;  Sethje  Veeman,  936  D.  F.     Milk  60  Ibs.  8  oz. 

1  day,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 

SETSKE  W,  6578  H.    Imp.    Milk  527  Ibs.  10  days,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
7TH  DURKJE  VEEMAN'S  RUBY,  13297  H.  F.    Hamilton,  686  D.  F.;  7th  Durkje  Veeman,  1905  D.  F. 

Milk  51  Ihs.  1  day,  5579  Ibs.  6  months,  P. 

SEVERINE,  10600  D.  F.    Billy  Draper,  479  D.  F. ;  Janke  Hibema,  626  D.  F.    Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SHADELAND  ALBA  3D,  6048  H.  F.   Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H. ;  Shadeland  Alba,  8376  H.    Milk  50 

Ibs.  1  day,  8317  Ibs.  12  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  ADEL,  8377  H.    Imp.    Milk  306  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
SHADELAND  ALBA,  8376  H.-  Imp.    Milk  69  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  8784  Ibs.  6  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  ALMA,  4911  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  1  Ib.  9  oz.  1  day,  P. 
SHADELAND  BELLE,  1421  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,440  Ibs.  11  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  BELLE  3o,  6038  H.  F.    Snadeland  Duke,  1693  H. ;  Shadeland  Belle,  1421  H.     Milk  68  Ibs. 

12  oz.  1  day,  9812  Ihs.  12  oz.  7  months  A.R. 

SHADELAND  BLISS,  8875  H.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  8159  Ibs.  11  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  BLOOM,  4919  H.    Imp.    Milk  83  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  10,341  Ibs.  10  oz.  6  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  BLOOM  2o,  8609  H.      Othello  of  Shadeland,  2576  H. ;  Shadeland  Bloom,  4919  H.      Milk  57 

Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  6940  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  BLOOM  4TH,  6067  H.  F.     Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H.;  Shadeland  Bloom,  4919  H. 

Milk  107  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  9461  Ibs.  6  months.  A.R. 

SHADELAND  BLOSSOM,  4913  H.    Imp.    Milk  67  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  11,092  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  BLOSSOM  2o,  8619  H.   Othello  of  Shadeland,  2576  H.;  Shadeland  Blossom,  4913  H.    Milk 

44  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  6571  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  BOON,  8887  H.    Imp.    Milk  69  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  10,796  Ibs.  5  oz.  9  months,  A.R.    Butter  31 

Ibs.  15K  oz.  7  days,  125  Ibs.  12  oz.  31  days,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  BOON  2o,  8892  H.    Imp.    Milk  122  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  14,129  Ibs.  12  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  BREEZE,  8871  H.    Imp.    Milk  6798  Ihs.  5  oz   10  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  BREKZE  2o.  2958  H.  F.     Shadeland  Monarch,  2570  H.;  Shadeland  Breeze,  8871  H.     Milk 

69  Ibs.  1  day,  9629  Ibs.  8  oz  8  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  CHARM,  3186  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,423  Ibs.  7  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  CHARM  2o,  8621  H.    Shadeland  Duke,  163 j  H. ;  Shadeland  Charm,  3186  H.      Milk  63  Ibs. 
1  day,  10,550  Ibs.  12  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER  RECORDS. 


SHADELAND  CHARM  3o,  2996  H.  F.     Shadeland  Monarch,  2570  H. ;  Shadeland  Charm,  3186  H.      Milk 

8271  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  months,  13  days,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  DAISY,  3181  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  14,320  Ibs.  11  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  DAISY  3o,  2960  H.  F.     Shadeland  Duke,  1693  H.;  Shadeland  Daisy,  3181  H.     Milk  8468 

Ibs.  12  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  DAMSEL,  3190  H.  Imp.  Milk  8675  Ibs.  1  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  EVA,  4922  H.  Imp.  Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  9641  Ibs.  8  months,  P. 
SHADELAND  ELITE,  21706  H.  F.  Aaggie  Alban,  3690  H.  F.;  Victoria  of  Shadeland  3d,  10768  H.  F. 

Milk  293  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  11  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  FLOSS,  10781  H.  F.    Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H. ;   Shadeland  Daisy  3d,  2960  H.  F. 

Milk  6977  Ibs.  8  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  FRINGE,  8881  H.    Imp.    Milk  83  Ibs.  1  day,  11,165  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  FRINGE  2o,  6055  H.  F.    Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H. ;  Shadeland  Fringe,  8881  H.    Milk 

55  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  7592  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  GLEAM,  10782  H.  F.    Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H.;   Shadeland  Charm  2d,  8621  H. 

Milk  45  Ibs.  8oz.  1  day,  6740  Ibs.  4  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  IDLEDENA,  7178  H.  F.    Idlewild,  1598  H. ;  Lopa,  7129  H.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  8184  Ibs.  12 

oz.  8  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  IDLELENA,  7179  H.  F.    Idlewild,  1598  H.;    Robinette,  7101   H.    Milk  8184  Ibs.  12  oz.  8 

months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  JESSIE  2o,  8606  H.     Uranus  of  Shadeland,  -2575  H. ;  Shadeland  Jessie,  4927  H.    Milk  88 

Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  10,478  Ibs  4  oz.  6  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  JESSIE  3o,  2980  H.  F.    Shadeland  Duke,  1693  H. ;  Shadeland  Jessie,  4927  H.    Milk  92  Ibs. 

1  day,  9492  Ibs.  6  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  JEWEL,  2407  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  10,853  Ibs.  2  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  LASSIE  2o,  8618  H.    Othello  of  Shadeland,  2576  H. ;   Shadeland  Lassie,  3323  H.    Milk 

6892  Ibs.  2  oz.  8  months,  A.R 
SHADELAND  MEMO  2o,  6061  H.  F.    Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H.;  Shadeland  Meina,  8380  H.    Milk 

61  Ibs.  1  day,  8928  Ibs.  8  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  MERVA,  8868  H.    Imp.     Milk  558  Ibs.  3  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  MERVA  2o,  10771  H.  F.     Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H. ;  Shadeland  Merva,  8868  H. 

Milk  6594  Ibs.  8  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  NELL,  3189  H.     Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  7213  Ibs.  4  oz.  6  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  NELL  4TH,  10786  H.  F.     Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H.;  Shadeland  Nell,  3189  H.     Milk 

6609  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  NETTENA,  6057  H.  F.    Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H.;  Shadeland  Nettie  2d,  8612  H. 

Milk  62  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  10,850  Ibs.  4  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  NETTIE,  3324  H.    Imp.     Milk  63  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  d  ly,  11,003  Ibs.  0  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  NETTIE  2o,  8612  H.     Shadeland  Duke,  1693  II.;  Shadeland  Nettie,  3324  H.     Milk  60  Ibs. 

8  oz.  1  day,  10,785  Ibs.  12  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  NUBIA,  8885  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  11,780  Ibs.  14  oz   7  months,  A.R. 
SH\DELAND  NUBIA  2o,  10761  H.  F.    Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H.;  Shadeland  Nubia,  8885   II. 

Milk  7020  Ibs.  4  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  OTLEY,  9066  H.    Imp.     Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  A.R.;  11,391  Ibs.  7  months,  P. 
SHADELAND  OTLEY  2o,  2994  H.  F.    Shadeland  Monarch,  2570  II. :  Shadeland  Otley,  9066  H.     Milk 

7154  Ibs.  9  oz  7  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  OTLEY  3o,  6062  H.  F.    Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H.;  Shadeland  Otley,  9066  H.    Milk 

7262  Ibs.  13  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  PET,  1419  H.    Imp.     Milk  10,928  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  PRIDE  3D,  6046  H.  F.    Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H. ;  Shadeland  Echora,  9145  H.    Milk 

7043  Ibs.  4  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  PRIDE  4TH,  10763  H.  F.      Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H.;  Shadeland  Pride,   1428  H. 

Milk  7080  Ibs.  8  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  RENA,  3325  H.     Milk  80  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  11,391  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  RENA  2o,  8610  H.    Shadeland  Duke,  1693  H.;  Shadelaud  Rena,  3325  H.     Milk  74  Ibs.  8 

oz.  1  day,  10,836  Ibs.  4  oz.  8  months.  A.R. 

SHADELAND  RUBY,  4920  H.    Imp.     Milk  80  Ibs.  8  oz.  I  day,  11,764  Ibs.  4  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  RUBY  2o,  8894  H.     Sir  Henry  of  Aaggie,  1450  H. ;  Shadeland  Ruby,  4920  H.     Milk  55  Ibs. 

10  oz.  1  day,  11,764  Ibs.  4  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  RUBY  2o's  EMPRESS,  6051  H.  F.     Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H. ;  Shadeland  Ruby  2d, 

8894  H.    Milk  67  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  8978  Ibs.  4  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  RUBY  2o's  QUEEN,  10774  H.  F.     Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H.;    Shadeland  Ruby  2d, 

8894  H.    Milk  6924  Ibs.  6  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  STENA,  9144  H.    Imp.     Milk  42  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  7249  Ibs.  14  oz.  8  months,  A  R. 
SHADELAND  STENA  3D.  10798  H.  F.      Netherland  Conqueror,   2476  H.;  Shadeland  Steua,  9144  H. 

Milk  6626  Ibs.  9  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  TARA,  9146  H.    Imp.     Milk  91  Ibs.  1  day,  8433  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  TARA  2o,  6052  H.  F.    Carlos  of  Shadeland,  2778  H\    Shadeland  Tara,   9146  H.     Milk 

7878  Ibs.  4  oz.  9  mouths,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  THYME,  8883  H.    Imp.     Milk  10,762  Ibs.  5  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  THYME  4TH,  6039  H.  F.    Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H.;  Shadeland  Thyme,  8883  H. 

Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  8821  Ibs.  1  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  TRIVA,  9153  H.    Imp.    Milk  8582  Ibs.  2  oz.  6  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  TRIVA  2o,  2995  H.  F.    Shadeland  Monarch,  2570  H.;  Shadeland  Triva,  9153  H.    Milk  79 

Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  9092  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  TUNA  2o,  6042  H.  F.    Shadeland  Monarch,  2570  H.    Shadeland  Tuna,  8381  H.    Milk  49 

Ibs.  14oz.  1  day,  P. 
SHADELAND  UNA,  10795  H.  F.    Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H.;  Shadeland  Charm  3d,  2996  H.  F. 

Milk  6614  Ibs.  14  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 

SHADELAND  VENIA,  8383  H.    Imp.     Milk  90  Ibs.  1  day,  11,852  Ibs.  12  oz.  9  months,  A.R. 
SHADELAND  VENIA  2o,  2976  H.  F.      Shadeland  Monarch,  2570  H.;  Shadeland    Alba,  8376  H.      Milk 

68  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  9697  Ibs.  4  oz.  8  months,  A.R, 
SHADELAND  WINNIE,  10760  H.  F.     Carlos  of  Shadeland,  2778  H. ;  Shadeland  Queen  2d,  2487  H.     Milk 

84  Ibs.  1  day,  7888  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  months,  A.R. 

SHAHIS,  8430  H.  F.     De  Deugd,  159  F. ;  De  Mooie,  1654  F,    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SHASTA,  7608  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  12  f£  oz.  1  day,  P. 


364  HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

SHENA  VIE,  8927  H.    Imp.    Milk  34  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  8000  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

SHIRLEY,  8247  H.    Imp.    Milk  39  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SIBBELTJE,  147  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SIBYL,  951  H.  Imp.  Milk  65  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  9516  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  year,  P.   Butter  18  Ibs.  3 ^  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

SIBYL  2o,  1380  H.    Burley,  394  H. ;  Sibyl,  951  H.    Milk  65  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  11,263  Ibs.  1  year,  A.R. 

Butter  18  Ibs.  3>£  oz.  7  days,  P. 

SIBYL  4xn,  2588  H.  F.    Prince  of  Wayne  5th,  1910  H. ;  Sibyl,  951  H.    Milk  44  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  P.    But- 
ter 17  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  A.R. ;  6  Ibs.  10  oz.  3  days,  P. 

SICADO,  1563  D.  F.    Leeghwater,  279  Neth.;  Grietje,  1706  Neth.    Butter  9  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
SIEBA  NIKO,  9622  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  9280  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
SIEBEREN,  702  H.    Imp.    Milk  1864  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
SIEBRIEGJE,  13  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SIEBRIEGJE  2o,  707  D.  F.    Mooie,  26  M.  R.;  Siebriegje,  113  M.  R.    Butter  13  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
SIEMKE.  3992  H.    Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SIEMKE  2o,  1877  D.  F.    Rex  Twisk,  245  P.  R.;  Siemke,  1332  P.  R.    Milk  61  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  1669  Ibs. 

2  oz.  30  days,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P. 
SIEMKE  2o's  BEAUTY,  7797  H.  F.    Prince  of  Altijdwerk,  178  D.  F. ;  Siemke  2d,  1877  D.  F.    Milk  61  Ibs. 

1  day,  552  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  P. 

SIEMONTJE,  6581  H.    Imp.    Milk  8581  Ibs.  11  oz.  8  months  9  days,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  P. 
SIEMPJE,  835  H.    Imp.    Milk  69  Ibs  1  day,  P.    Butter  10  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
SIENTJE  3o,  1383  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  11,059  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  17  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
SIEPKJE,  120  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  74  Ibs.  1  day,  13,021  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  6  days,  P. 
SIEPKJE  3D,  2387  H.  F.    Rothmere,  326  D.  F. ;  Siepkje,  120  D.  F.    Milk  11,109  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  P. 

Butter  16  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
SIEPKJE  4ra,  10349  H.  F.    Rothmere,  326  D.  F. ;  Siepkje,  120  D.  F.    Milk  41  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  7597  Ibs. 

188  days,  P.    Butter  13  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 

SIETSCHE,  7805  H.  F.    De  Deugd,  702  F. ;  Snitzer,  3726  F.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P  ;  378  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 
SIETSKEWAAN  2o,  14085  H.  F.    Mooie  Sjoerd,  235  D.  F.;  Sietskewaan,  1719  D.  F.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day, 

P.    Butter  22  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
SIEVIA  KEYES,  1741  H.  F.    Keyes  6th,  1692  H. ;  Daisy  A,  3450  H.    Milk  65  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  2015  Ibs. 

31  days,  A.R. 

SIGNET,  1817  H.    Imp.    Milk  5888  Ibs.  2  oz.  349  days,  P. 
SIJBRANDIJ,  656  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  1501  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
SIJKE,  154  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SIJTJI  BLEEKER  2o,  168  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SIJTJI  BLEEKER,  4  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs,  8  oz.  1  day,  14,508  ]bs.  6  oz.  1  year,  P. 
SIJTJE  BLEEKER  3D,  715  D.  F.    Mooie  Twisk,  85  P.  R  ;  Sijtje  Bleeker,  4  D.  F.    Milk  429  Ibs.    10 

days,  A.R. 

Su  YPMA  2o,  855  D.  F.    Hendrik  Freeks;  Ypma.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SILENE,  2890  H.    Imp.    Milk  13,763  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  P. 

SILENE  2o,  6054  H.    Prince  Imperial,  1164  H. ;  Silene,  2890  H.    Milk  8258  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  P. 
SILHOUETTE,  1787  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SILOA,  5579  H.  F.     Donker  3d,  2321  H. ;  Knultje  2d,  8342  H.     Milk  7441  Ibs.  8  oz.  254  days,  P. 
SILVER  BELLE,  971  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  1  day,  661G  Ibs.  8  oz.  159  clays,  P. 
SILVERONE,  4611  H.  F.    Endymion,  817  H.;  Pastelijntje  Galis,  737  H.    Milk  380  Ibs.  9  oz.   10  days, 

A.R. 

SILVIO,  1424  H.  F.    Cossack,  2008  H. ;  Pavia,  7162  H.    Milk  9723  Ibs.  9  oz.  10  months,  P. 
SIMKJE,  5348  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SIMPLICITY,  6995  H.    Alexander,  83  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  4239  Ibs.  11  oz.  5  months  13  clays,  P. 
SINCERITY,  2892  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  12,312  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  2  1-2 

oz.  7  days,  P. 
SINNEMA'S  PEL  2o,  1755  D.  F.    Pel  Koopmans,  301  P.  R.;  Sinnema,  340  P.  R.    Milk  8341  Ibs.  4  oz 

1  year.  A.R. 

SIR  ARCHIBALD'S  ORPHIE,  2603  H.  F.    Sir  Archibald,  3045  H. ;  Orphic,  6257  H.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SIRENA,  7450  H.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  P.    Butter  16  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 
SIR  HENRY  OP  AAGGIE'S  ELLAND,  6896  H.    Imp.    Milk  56  Ibs  12  oz.  1   day,  10,093  Ibs.  7}&  oz.  7 

months  24  days,  P.    Butter  21  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. ;  91  Ibs.  2%  oz.  30  days,  P. 
SIR  HENRY  OP  AAGGIE'S  LUZELLA,  6886  H.    Sir  Henry  of  Aaggie,  1450  H.;  Porcelien  2d,  392  Netb. 

Milk  8725  Ibs.  9  months  9  days,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  6>£  oz.  7  days,  P. 

SIR  HENRY  OP  AAGGIE'S  NAVASTO,  7005  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  1  day,  1412  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
SIR  HENRY  OF  AAAGGIE'S  PHLOX,  6943  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,024  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  P. 
SISSY,  6114  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  1  day,  16965  Ibs.  12  months  11  days,  P. 
SISSY  BAKER,  25667  H.  F.    Judge  Baker,  11884  H.  F.;  Sissy,  6114  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  1305  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 

SJERPS,  4262  H.    Imp.    Milk  36  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SJOERD,  71  D.  F.    Butter  20  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
SJOERD  2o,  161  D.  F.    Butter  19  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

SJOERD  3o,  229  D.  F.    Mooie,  26  M.  R. ;  Sjoerd,  161  M.  R.    Butter  18  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
SJOERD  5TH,  698  D.  F.    Mooie,  26  M.  R. ;  Sjoerd  2d,  161  M.  R.    Butter  15  Ibs.  5  oz  7  days,  A.R. 
SJOERD  6TH,  700  D.  F.    Mooie  Twisk,  85  P.  R. ;  Sjoerd  3d,  229  P.  R.    Milk  411  Ibs  4  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
SJOERD  HEEG,  1082  D.  F.    Groot  Pier,  107  D.  F. ;  Sjoerd,  71  D.  F.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SLINK  9311  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,044  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
SMALL  HOPES,  3662  H.    Prince  of  Twisk,  1055  H. ;  Posch,  2510  H.    Milk  441   Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  A.R. ; 

7963  Ibs.  9  oz.  9  months  18  days,  A.R. 
SMALL  HOPES  2o,  5865  H.  F.    Admiral  2d,  3972  H. ;  Small  Hopes,  3662  H.    Milk  10,104  Ibs.  4  oz.  1 

year.    Butter  17  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
SMIT,  717  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  73  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SNITZER,  3726  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  5  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SNOW  DROP,  206  D.  F   Paul  Hartog,  6  M.  R. ;  Wilhelma  Goudgeld,  41  M.  R.  Butter  10  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
SNOW  FLAKE  5TH,  H.    Hamilcar,  17  H.;  Agoo,  1  H.    Butter  27  Ibs.  14  oz.  10  days,  P. 
SODA,  8846  H.    Imp.    Butter  3  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 

SODA  3D,  6434  H.  F.    Billy  Boelyn,  189  H. ;  Soda,  8846  H.    Milk  520  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 
SOLDENE,  2896  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day,   14,617  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  13  Ibs.  7 

days,  P. 
SOLDENE  2D,  9808  H.    Prince  Imperial,  1164  H.;  Soldene,  2896  H.    Milk,  13,868  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  year,  P. 

Butter  19  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 


MILK   AND  BUTTER  RECORDS.  365 

SOLDENE  SD'S  CLOTHILDE,  16540  H.  F,    Clothilde  4th's  Imperial,  1281  H.  F. ;  Soldene  2d,  9808  H. 

Milk  42  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  6150  Ibs.  14  oz.  8  months,  P.    Butter  2  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  P. 
SONGSTRESS  1423  H.  F.     Empyrean,  1006  H.;  Ulrica,  1192  H.     Milk  7009  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  year,  P. 
SOPHIA,  2974  H.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  17  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
SOPHIE,  718  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SOPHIE  4TH,  6515  H.    Climax  204  H. ;  Sophie,  718  H.    Milk  64  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

SOPHIE  ARTIS  3D,  1673  H.  F.    Viking,  20b2  H.;  Sophie  Artis,  4527  H.   Milk  9085  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P. 
SOPHIE  OP  TIMBER  POINT,  1359  H.  F.    Imp.     Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SOPHIE  SPARKLE,  1172  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  7080  Ibs.  11  oz.  7  months  15  days,  P. 
SOUTHERN  BEAUTY,  866  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SOZIE,  6411  H.  F.     Frank  Rice,  2547  H. ;  Snorrine,  9192  H.    Milk  33  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
SOZINA,  1342  H.    Imp.     Milk  13,776  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P. 

SPILETTA,  5188  H.  F.    Empyrean,  1006  H. ;  Statira,  7891  H.    Milk  8926  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P. 
SPINAWAY  2o,  2606  H.  F.    Prince  of  Artis,  2479  H.;  Spinaway,  6953  H.    Milk  5307  Ibs.  8  months  10 

days,  P. 

SPIRAEA,  7029  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  511  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days  P. 
SPLENDID,  8699  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day,  9579  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  13  Ibs.  10  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 

SPLENDOR  2o,  2457  H.  F.     Consolation,  2661  H.;  De  Hippeld,  5797  H.     Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SPOOK  OP  UPLANDS,  834  H.  F.     Lord  Bantam.  1011  H. ;  Gladys,  3963  H.    Milk  39  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
SPRING  BELLE,  4596  H.    Imp.    Milk  86  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SPRAT,  10031  H.  F.    Oatka  3d's  Neptune  Jr,  4531  H.;  Silver  Star's  Beauty,  3683  H.  F.   Milk  6761  Ibs. 

7  months,  A.R. 

STAPEL  3o,  1226  H.     Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  10,759  Ibs  10  months,  P. 

STAPEL  3o  C,  8741  H.     Clarion,  870  H. ;  Stapel  3d,  1226  H.     Milk  35  Ibs.  1  day,  6281  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
STAPEL  4TH,  2987  H.      Johannus,  428  H.;  Stapel  3d,  1220  H.      Milk  70  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P.;  8745  Ibs.  8 

oz.  8  months  19  days,  A.R. 
STAPLE,  704  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
STAR,  2345  H       Burly,   394  H.;  Jenny  Lind,  966  H.      Milk  74  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P.;  14,985  Ibs.  6  oz.  1 

year,  A.R.    Butter  20  Ibs.  9'^  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
STAR  OF  NETHERLAND,  3398  H.  F.      Netherland  Duke,   1575  H. ;  Japonica,  3714  H.     Milk  41  Ibs.  1 

day,  P. 

STARRETTA.  6413  H.     General  Grant,  497  H. ;  Amreal,  8941  R.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
STAR'S  NETHERLAND,  13802  H.  F.     Duke  Netherland,  1271  H.  F.;  Star,  2345  H.     Milk  54  Ibs.  5  ox.  1 

day,  13,678  Ibs.  11  o/.  1  year,  P.    Butter  20  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  P. 
STARUCCA,  5271  H.     Imp.     Milk  52  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
STATELY,  8154  H.    Imp.    Milk  99  Ibs.  1  day,  2483  Ibs.  7  oz.  31  days,  P. 
STEENBEEK,  6588  H.    Imp.    Milk  9111   Ibs.  14  oz.   9  months  11  days,  P.     Butter  10  Ibs.  8  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

STEENIE,  1378  H.     Pilgrim,  317  H.;  Spinola,  703  H.     Butter  12  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
STEINER,  3719  H.  F.     Flora  Clifden's  Mercedes  Prince  3545  H.;  Tjitske,  5477  Neth.      Milk  50  Ibs.  1 

day,  P. 
STELLA,  451  H.      Imp.      Milk  51  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  day,  12,984  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P.      Butter  15  Ibs.  8  oz.  7 

days,  P. 
STELLA  ARTIS,  4557  H.     Artis,  127  Neth.;  Princesje,  520  Neth.     Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  12,984  Ibs.  1 

year,  A.R. 
STELLA  ARTIS  4TH,  7509  H.  F.    Netherland  Statesman,  3280  H. ;  Stella  Artis,  4557  H.    Milk  6760  Ibs. 

14  oz.  8  months,  P. 
STELLA  BARNUM,  8698  H.F.  Netherland  Alban,  4584  H. ;  Lady  Barnum,  6281 II.   Butter  16  Ibs.  13/2  oz. 

7  days,  A.R. 
STELLAPIA,  12250  H.  F.     Copia's  Empire  No.  2,  3914  H.  F. ;  Aaggie  Stella  2d,  574  H.  F.    Milk  7156  Ibs. 

2  oz.  10  months,  P. 
STELLETA,  6938  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  10,665  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  15  Ibs.  12  oz.  7 

days,  P. 
STEPHANA,  5054  H.    Nabob,  719  H.;  Hortense,  1500  H.     Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  10  Ibs.  2  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

STEVIA,  7921  H.    Imp.     Milk  900  Ibs.  1  month,  P. 
STIENTJE,  2909  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
STINS,  4712  H.    Imp.     Milk  31  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

STRATTON,  8252  F.  H.  B.     De  Roos,  387  F.  H.  B. ;  Akke,  2631  F.  H.  B.     Milk  38  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SUCCESS,  1316  H.     Burly,  394  H.:  Silver  Belle,  971  H.    Butter  14  Ibs.  7^  oz.  7  days,  P. 
SUE  PEL,  936  H.  F.     Pel,  122  F.  H.  B.;  Teakje,  1084  F.  H.  B.     Milk  288  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days.    Butter  12 

Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
SULTANA,  1032  H.    Stentor,  346  H.;  Hetty,  327  H.    Milk  101  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  A.R.;  22,043  Ibs.  8  oz.  1 

year,  A.R.    Butter  9  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

SUMACH,  453  H.    Imp.     Milk  16,725  Ibs.  11  oz.  11  months  19  days,  A.R. 
SUNBEAM,  864  H.    Imp.     Milk  67  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SUNRISE,  8693  H.    Imp.    Milk  33  Ibs.  7  oz.  1  day,  8348  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  12  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days, 

SUNSET,  8694  H.    Imp.     Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  10,927  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year,  A.R.     Butter  12  Ibs.  15  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 

SUPERB,  961  H.    Imp.     Milk  73  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  2066  Ibs.  13  oz.  30  days,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  10^'  oz.,  P. 
SUPERLATIVE,  7892  H.     Imp.     Milk  11,448  Ibs  1  year,  P 
SURE,  9313  H.    Imp.     Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SURRILDA,  4153  H.    Benson,  1506  H. ;  Jessie,  342  H.     Milk  39  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SUSANNA,  1523  D.  F.    Prins,  153  F.  H.  B.;  De  Zwarte,  946  F.  H.  B.     Milk  71  Ibs.  4  oz  Idav,  1909  Ibs. 

4  oz.  30  days,  P. 

SUSAN  NIPPU,  1286  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,569  Ibs.  3  oz.  10  months  20  days,  P. 
SUSIE,  1254  H.    Imp.     Milk  57  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day.  P. 
SUSIE  LEE,  2900  H.    Imp.     Milk  15,533  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year.  P. 

SUSIE  LEE  2o,  6468  H.    Neptune,  711  H.;  Susie  Lee,  2900  H.     Milk  10,119  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P. 
SUSIE  SPAANZ  2n,  10462  H.  F.    Jan  Wit  13th,  633  H. ;  Susie  Spaauz,  2536  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P.; 

9727  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  10  Ibs.  7  3-4  oz.  7  days,  A.R 
SUSPENSION  BRIDGET.  4344  H.  F.     Emperor  William,  2861  H.;  Gayanesha,  1928  D.  F.     Milk  35  Ibs. 

1  day,  9161  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
SWARTEAK,  8929  H.     Imp.     Milk  6109  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P. 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


SWEET  BOUGH,  7328  H.    Lad  of  Prescott,  2389  H.;  Fiirstinn,  1598  H.    Milk  442  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  days, 

10,019  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R. 
SWENODA,  7713  H.    Imp.     Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

SWOPKJE,  7806  H.  F.    Garfield,  113  F.  H.  B. ;  Kwak.  1644  H.    Milk  89  Ibs.  1  day,  2135  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
SYBIL,  9123  H.    Mercuries,  242  H. ;  Doll,  3696  H.    Milk  67  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  9506  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  year. 

Butter  18  Ibs.  3  1-2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
SYENE,  7712  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  P 

SYKJE,  6347  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  19  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 
SYLEA,  1419  H.  F.    Oswald,  3331  H. ;  Janina,  7172  H.    Milk  10,090  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
SYLVIA,  573  H.    Imp.    Milk  91  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
SYLVIA,  1541  D.  F.    Rembrandt,  172  F.  rf.  B.;  Baaye,  2039  F.  H.  B.    Milk  75 Ibs.  1  day,  544  Ibs.  4  oz. 

10  days,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 
SYMPATHY,  3826  H.    Imp.    Milk  83  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 

SYNER.    Imp.    Milk  472  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
SYRIA,  6142  H.    Imp.    Butter  3  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

SYRIA  2o,  6439  H.  F.    Trijn  Prince,  3184  H.;  Syria,  6142  H.    Milk  10,939  Ibs.  1  year.   Butter  448  Ibs. 
1  year,  P. 

TACONA,  8142  H.    Paragon  1175  H. ;  Queen  of  the  Hill  3d,  2149  H.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  8752  Ibs.  10  oz. 

11  months,  P.    Butter  30  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 

TACONA  2o,  4167  H.  F.    Green  Mountain  Chief,  4148  H. ;  Tacona,  8142  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day.   Butter 

22  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TAETSTE,  7807  H.  F.    Oneides,  317  F.  H.  B.;  Saakje,  1502  F.  H.  B.    Milk  66  Ibs.  1  day,  1972  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 
TAFFY,  6935  H.    Imp.    Milk  92  Ibs.  1  day,  A.R.,  4529  Ibs.  8  oz.  60  days,  A.R.    Butter  21   Ibs.  4  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 
TAFFY'S  FEDALANA,  5341  H.  F.    Netherlancl  Convoy,  2934  H.  F. ;  Taffy,  6935  H.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day, 

1582  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
TAFFY'S  FEDALMA,  5341  H.  F.    Netherland  Convoy,  2934  H.;  Bonzilla,  6930  H.    Milk  1582  Ibs.  8  oz. 

30  days,  A.R. 
TAFFY'S  TULU  OF  OAKHURST,  2774  H.  F.    Prince  Imperial,  1164  H.;  Taffy,  6935  H.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1 

day,  P. ;  3157  Ibs.  60  days,  A.R.    Butter  13  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
TALEA,  1351  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  780  Ibs  15  oz.  13  days,  P. 
TALESFORD,  8267  H.    Frisco,  480  F.  H.  B. ;  Vogel,  4093  F.  H.  B     Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TALSMA  2o,  2578  H.    Imp.    Milk  58  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day.    Butter  2  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 

TAN,  9502  H.  F.   Furst  Heksi,  3899  H. ;  Janauschek  2d,  8297  H.     Milk  9865  Ibs.  13  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
TASTREA,  525  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  641  Ibs.  9  days,  P. 
TASTREA  2o,  2064  H.    Piet  Hein,  316  H. ;  Tastrea,  525  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TATTYCORAM,  1024  H.    Knickerbocker,  118  H. ;  Gretchea  3d,  319  H.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TEAKJE,  1084  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

TEAKJE  3o,  1710  D.  F.    Oosterbaan,  185  P.  R.;  Teakje  2d,  355  P.  R.    Milk  458  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
TEIKJE,  2918  H     Imp.    Milk  87  Ibs.  1  day,  2017  Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P. 
TEITJE  2o,  726  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  20  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
TEKLA,  7178  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,687  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  year,  P. 
TELEGRAPH,  8697  H.    De  Dengd,  159  F.  H.  B.;  Ruurd  Aukes,  203  F.  H.  B.    Milk  41  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day, 

5810  Ibs.  5  oz.  169  days,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TELEPHONE,  8698  H.    Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day,  P.;  9500  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  year,  A.R.    Butter  12  Ibs. 

4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
TELEPHONE  3o,  10053  H.  F.    Burly,  394  H.;  Telephone,  8698  H.    Milk  47 Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P.    Butter 

15  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

TELKA  2D,  2045  H.    Fifth  Consul,  574  H. ;  Zuyder  Zee  17th,  485  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TENA  GOLDEN.  8264  H.     Balderik  5th,  1417  H.;  Dora  Opperdoes,  2233  H.      Milk  39  Ibs.  1  day,  10,296 

Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

TENKE,  6594  H.    Imp.    Milk  47  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
TERKJE,  2918  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TERPSTRA,  6595  H.    Imp.     Milk  76  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  714  Ibs.  13  oz.  10  days,  A.R.      Butter  23  Ibs. 

13  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
TERPSTRA  2o,  8594  H.    Pel,  122  F.  H.  B. ;    Terpstra,  6595  H.    Milk  43  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  293  Ibs.  2  oz.  7 

days,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
TESSAMA,  139  H.  F.    Pel,  122  F.  H.  B. ;    Tiesema,  1461  F.   H.  B.    Milk  487  Ibs.  2  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 

Butter  10  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 

TET  2o,  4395  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  56  Ibs.  10 -'3'  oz.  1  day,  P. 
TETH  NETHERLANDS  GRIETJE,  4329  H.  F.     Teth  Netherland,  3738  H. ;  Grietje  W,  5718  H.     Milk  55 

Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TETH  NETHERLANDS  OEBELE,  4330  H.  F.    Teth  Netherland,  3738  H.;  Oebele,  5722  H.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1 

day,  P. 
TETTJE  JANZEN,  627  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  445  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P.      Butter  4  Ibs. 

10  oz.  1  day,  30  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TEXAL  NETHERLAND,  3337  H.  F.    Netherland  Duke,  1570  H. ;  Lady  Texal  4th,  10  D.  F.     Milk  39  Ibs. 

1  day,  P. 
TEXELAAR,  51  H.     Imp.     Milk  76  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  4018  Ibs.  14  oz.  63  days.      Butter  17  Ibs.  14  oz.  6 

days,  P. 

TEXELAAR  STH,  55  H.    Zuider  Zee  2d,  57  H. :  Texelaar,  51  H.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TEXELAAR  9TH,  56  H.    Van  Tromp,  50  H. ;  Texelaar  3d,  52  H.    Butter  12  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TEXELAAR  SOrn,  1234  H.    Benno,  182  H. ;  Texelaar  29th,  1059  H.    Milk  9837  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
TEXELAAR  SOrn's  A  2D,  15220  H.  F.      Copia's  Empire,  3559  H.;  Texelaar  30th  A,  8479  H.      Milk  7751 

Ibs.  10  months,  P. 

TEXELAAR  SOrn  B,  2439  H.  F.    Clarion,  870  H.;  Texelaar  30th,  1234  H.    Milk  7944  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
THEDA  OF  MAPLECROFT,  3697  H.  F.    Netherland  Alban,  4584  H. ;  Maid  of  Maplecroft,  7499  H.      But 

ter  16  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
THELIA  3D,  536  H.     Prairie  Duke,  134  H. ;  Thelia,  462  H.     Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day.     Butter  3  Ibs.  2  oz.  1 

d«y,  P. 

THE  Missus,  3475  H.  F.    Count  Flanders,  3052  H.;  Mira  2d,  3619  H.    Butter  11  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
THEORA.  2527  H.    Snowboy,  2046  H.;  Camilla 2d,  3916  H.     Milk  1224  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
THETA,  2902  H.    Imp.    Milk  8056  Ibs.  1  oz'.  1  year,  P. 
THETIS,  4012  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day.    Butter  20  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 


MILK   AND  BUTTER   RECORDS.  367 

THIRD  MAARTJE  KORNDYKE,  17  D.  F.     Burgomaster,  ID.  F.;  Maartje  Korndyke,  8  D.  F.     Milk  68 

Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

THISBE  V,  1816  H.    Imp.    Butter  16  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
THISTLEDOWN,  7980  H.    Imp.     Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  10,625  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

THORA,  7918  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  14,937  Ibs.  1  year,  P.     Butter  16  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TIESMA.  1461  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  73  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

TIE-TIE,  10402  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  11  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TIETJE  VON  HOLINGEN,  17210  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

TIETJE  2o,  726  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  410  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  20  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
TIETJE  STH.    Jaap,  452  H. ;  Tietje  2d,  726  H.     Butter  10  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
TIETJE  6TH,  642  H.  F.     Mercedes  Prince,  2150  H.;    Tietje  2d,  726  H.     Milk  37  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  363 

Ibs.  5  oz.  10  days,  P.     Butter  24  Ibs.  15  oz.,  P. 

TIET  KAASTRA,  982  D.  F.    Imp.     Milk  59  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  11,587  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year,  P. 
TIET  KAASTRA  2D,  2501  H.  F.    Pel  2d,  327  D.  F.;  Tiet  Kaastra,  982  D.  F.    Milk  60  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day, 

13,255  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year,  P. 
TIET  KAASTRA  3o,  14163  H.  F.    Duke  of  Woodrid,  2461  H.  F.;  Tiet  Kaastra,  982  D.  F.    Milk  5757  Ibs. 

9  oz.  9  months,  P. 

TIETTIE,  680  D.  F.    Butter  21  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TILDA,  535  H.    Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TILDA  2o,  i079  H.    Prince  Opperdoes,  S87  H. ;  Tilda,  535  H.    Milk  364  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  10,089  Ibs.  336 

days.    Butter  16  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 

TIMBER  POINT  BEAUTY,  1362  H.  F.    Imp.     Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  11  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TINA  CLIFDEN  2D,  8406  H.    Hilt,  869  H. ;  Tina  Clifden,  1584  H.    Milk  69  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  17  Ibs.  7 

days,  P. 

TINAJ,  512  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

TINTA  PEL,  1706  D.  F.    Prince  of  Altjidwerk,  178  P.  R. ;  Pel  4th,  194  P.  R.     Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day.     But- 
ter 26  Ibs.  4  oz.  14  days,  P. 
TIRA,  10030  H.  F.    Oatka  3d's  Neptune  Jr.,  4531  H. ;  Marble,  8296  H.    Milk  7511  Ibs.  8 mouths  10  days, 

A.R. 
TIRANIA,  6716  H.    Imp.  Milk  91  Ibs.  1  day,  536  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  days,  P.    Butter  3  Ibs.  12  oz.  I  day,  36 

Ibs.  11  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TIRANIA  2o,  12695  H.'  F.    Sir  Henry  of  Maplewood,  2933  H.;  Tirauia  6716  H.    Butter  22  Ibs.  8  oz.  7 

days,  P. 
TIRANIA  4TH,  29976  H.  F.    Artis  Peer,  9048  H.  F. ;  Tirania,  6716  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  2  Ibs. 

8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
TITA,  2381  H.     Burly,  393  H. ;  Crystal,  948  H.     Milk  36  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  1008  Ibs.  30  days,  P.     Butter 

8  Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TJALKJE,  669  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  1735  Ibs  5  oz.  30  days,  P.    Butter  17  Ibs.  1  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 

TJALKJE  2o,  4510  H.  F.    Sportsman,  3480  H. ;  TjaJkje,  669  D.  F.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TJALMA,  1510  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  15  oz.  1  day,  P. 

TJALMA  3D,  18604  H.  F.    Siemke's  Prince,  1973  H.  F. :  Tjalma,  1510  D.  F.    Milk  60  Ibs.  15 oz.  1  day,  P. 
TJALMA  3o's  LADY,  29209  H.  F.    Kroontje  Champion,  10179  H.  F.;  Tjalma  3d.    Mjlk  42  Ibs.  2  oz.  1 

day,  403  Ibs.  13  oz.  10  days,  P. 

TJALTJE,  3738  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day.    Butter  17  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TJERK,  224  D.  F.     Mooie,  26  M.  R, ;  Andrieske,  123  M.  R.     Butter  16  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
TJITSKE,  5477  H.    Imp.     Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

TJITSKE  SWART,  407  D.  F.    Imp.     Milk  48  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day.     Butter  2  Ibs  1  day. 
TNSCH,  11824  H.  F.    Pieter,  10  Aux  F.  H.  B.;  Froukje,  1480  F.  H.  B.     Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  1061  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 

TOBAGO,  8435  H.  F.    Imp.     Milk  82  Ibs.  1  day,  2141  Ibs.  30  days,  P.     Butter  22  Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TOL,  7398  H.  F.     Garnet,  1576  H. ;  Mulsie,  718  D:  F.    Milk  68 Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TOLBERT,  2366  F.  H.  B.     Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TOLLA  NIKO,  9615  H.     Imp.    Milk  8586  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P. 
TOLONA,  7589  H.    Imp.     Milk  42  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 
TOLSMA  HARTOG,  7967  H.  F.     Mooie  Hartog  4th,  418  D.  F. ;  Aaltje  Tolsma,  1110  D.  F.     Butter  17  Ibs. 

7  days,  P. 

TONQUIN,  8428  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  93  Ibs.  1  day,  2215  Ibs.  30  days,  P.     Butter  23  Ibs.  li  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TONY,  1766  H.     Compeer  209  H.;  Lady  Delight,  782  H.    Milk  11,680  Ibs.  1  year.     Butter  2  Ibs.  9  oz.  1 

day,  P.;  18  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TONY'S  LADY  DELIGHT,  2952  H.  F.     Count  Flanders,  3152  H.;  Tony,  1766  H.     Butter  11  Ibs.  12  oz.  7 

days,  P. 
TOPAZ,  870  H.    Kees,  M  Neth. ;  Jacoba,  263  Neth.    Milk  37  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  14,630  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year.P. 

Butter  13  Ibs.  3  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TOPAZ  3o,  2106  H.      Netherland  Prince,   716  H.;  Topaz,  807  H.     Milk  3325  Ibs.  2  oz.  4  months,  23 

days,  P. 
TOPAZ  3o's  HENRIETTA,  1580  H.  F.     Sir  Henry  3d  of  Aaggie,  1451  H. ;  Topaz  3d,  2106  H.   Milk  52  Ibs. 

1  day,  P.     Butter  19  Ibs.  13%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
TOPAZ  4TH,  3577  H.      Neptune,  711    H.;  Topaz,   870  H.      Milk  42  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  day;  11,480  Ibs.  12  oz.  1 

year,  A.R.    Butter  13  Ibs.  13%  oz.  7  days,  P. 

TOPSEY,  61  H.     Hollander,  20  H.:  Dowager,  7  H.     Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  6005  Ibs.  5  months,  P. 
TOSTEE  2n,  4934  H.     Gortus,  642  H. ;  Tostee,  465  H.     Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TOURMALINE,  7020  H.     Milk  67  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day.     Butter  24  Ibs.  13>£  oz.  7  days,  A.B. 
TOURMALINE'S  MERCEDES,  10556  H.  F.     Mercedes  Prince,  2150  H. ;  Tourmaline,  7020  H.   Milk  413  Ibs. 

8  oz.  10  days,  9381  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R.     Butter  13  Ibs.  10  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

TRANQUILITY,  6978  H.   Imp.     Milk  53  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  10,302  Ibs.  1  year.    Butter  2  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
TREASURE,  8689  H.    Imp.    Milk  41  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  9984  Ibs.  14  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  12  Ibs  12  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 
TREASURE  2o,  85  H.  F.    Jacob  2d,  463  Neth. ;  Treasure,  8689  H.      Milk  39  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  11.045  Ibs. 

3  oz.  1  year.    Butter  11  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TREASURE  2o's  TREASURE,  10949  H.  F.    Young  America,  1  H.  F.;  Treasure  2d,  85  H.  F.     Milk  310  Ibs. 

6  oz.  7  days,  P.     Butter  15  Ibs.  4  oz   7  days,  P. 
TREUITJE,  1919  N.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  34  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TRIEN,  6596  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TRIPLE,  1883  H.    Imp.     Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  1878  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
TRIJN,  3025  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  13,349  Ibs  12  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P. 


HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN   CATTLE. 


TRIJNTJE,  2943  H.    Imp.    Milk  95  Ibs.  1  day,  8204  Ibs.  10  months.    Butter  18  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days. 

TRIJNTJE  KUPERUS,  43  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  9134  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  months  11  days,  A  R. 

TRILIUM,  8849  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  8992  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P. 

TRINTJEAN,  6775  H.    Imp.    Milk  53  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. 

TRiPPir,  5180  H.  F.     Empyrean,  1006  H. ;  Dawn,  277  H.    Milk  4793  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

TRITOMIA,  4004  H.    Imp.    Milk  82  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  P.;  2962  Ibs.  8  oz.  30  days,  A.R.     Butter  25  Ibs. 

8£  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
TRITOMIA  2o,  4567  H.  F.      Netherland  Prince,  716  H.;    Tritomia,  4004  H.     Butter  22  Ibs.  4  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

TROOSTJE  So,  9?'9  H.    Imp.    Milk  49  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  1365  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
TROZINES  PANZY,  5447  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
TRUMPETTA  2o,  10829  H.  F.    Baprington,  2103  H. ;  Trumpetta,  5168  H.    Milk  49  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  5010  Ibs. 

4  1 1 n  in i  Its,  P. 

TRUNDY,  12034  H.    Kees,  701  F.  H.  B. ;  Trijntje,  3721  F.  H.  B. .  Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TRUTH,  5624  H.    Imp.    Milk  89  Ibs.  1  day,  2089  Ibs.  30  days.    Butter  24  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 
TRYNIE,  2015  H.  F.    Willem  2d,  183  Neth. :  Trijntje,  1643  Neth.    Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  9950  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
TRYNTJE,  35  Neth.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  lOf  oz.  1  day,  P. 
TRYNTJEAN,  6775  H.    Imp.    Milk  53  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. 
TRYNTJE  BLAAR,  5673  H.    Imp.    Milk  200  Ibs.  4  days,  P. 
TRYNTJE  BRANTJES,  6010  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,780  Ibs.  1  year.  A.R. 
TRYNTJE  DE  YONG,  17212  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TRYNTJE  KLENE,  6446  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,521  Ibs.  4  1-2  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
TRYNTJE  LINCOLN,  6450  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  5388  Ibs.  4  months,  P. 
TRYNTJE  OF  ACHLUM,  6597  H.    Imp.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TRYNTJE  VON  HOLINGEN.  17207  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TRYNTJE  VELTHUS,  5467  H.    Imp.    Milk  52  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
TRYPHOSA,  7761  H.    Imp.    Milk  37  Ibs.  1  day.  P. 
TULIP  KONING,  156  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
TULLIA,  8094  H.    Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1  day,  5343  Ibs.  5  months,  10  days,  P. 
TULLIA'S  AAGGIE  ROSA  PRINCESS,  9638  H.  F.    Aaggie  Rosa  Prince,  3132  H. ;  Tullia,  8094  H.    Milk  63 

Ibs.  1  day.  P. 

TWEEDLEDUM,  6951  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,604  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P.- 
TWILINE,  467  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  8  oz,  1  day.  P. 
TWILINE  3o,  1154  H.    Fifth  Prince  of  Orange,  243  H.;  Twiline,  467  H.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter 

20  Ibs  7  days,  P. 

TWINKLE,  652  H.    Fifth  Prince  of  Orange,  243  H. ;  Twiline,  467  H. ;    Milk  39  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 
TYGERIN  PYZN  2o,  15004  H.  F.    Pierre,  1348  H. ;  Tygerin  Pyzn,  5693  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

USE,  92  Aux  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ULA  SILVA,  1528  H.  F.  Mazda,  2672  H.;  Silva  Flora,  3853  H.  Milk  68 Ibs.  1  day,  1959  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
ULA  SILVA  3o,  20471  H.  F.  Jack  Spaanz,  8311  H.  F. ;  Ula  Silva,  1528  H.  F.  Milk  5781  Ibs.  6  months,  P. 
ULKJE  S,  5476  H.  Imp.  Milk  59  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  day,  285  Ibs.  1  1-2  oz.  5  days,  P.  Butter  17  Ibs.  7 

days,  P. 

ULRICA,  1192  H.    Poke,  320  H. ;  Wytske,  483  H.    Milk  10,146  Ibs.  15  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
UMATILLA,  7187  H.    Imp.    Milk  595  Ibs.  4  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
UNAWEEP,  7191  H.    Imp.    Milk  15,147  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
UNDINE,  2o,  3853  H.    Uncle  Tom,  163  H .;  Undine,  913  H.    Milk  10,942  Ibs.  8  oz.  8  months  29  days, 

A.R. 

UNDINE  3o,  4190  H.    Baron,  2133  H.;  Undine  2d,  3868  H.    Milk  6795  Ibs.  9  months,  12  days,  A.R.  . 
URSINA,  7214  H.    Imp.    Milk  8885  Ibs.  9  oz.  1  year,  P. 
URSULA,  1188  H.    Poke,  320  H. ;  Agate,  263  H.    Milk  6002  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
UTOPIA,  5299  H.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

VALENTINE,  10149  H.    Imp.  Milk  54  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  clay,  1638  Ibs.  37  days,  P. 

VALLEY  BEAUTY,  4562  H     Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  7  oz.  i  day,  17,009  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year.  P. 

VALLEY  BEAUTY  2o,  4532  H.    De  Valk,  160  Neth.;  Valley  Beauty,  4562  H.     Milk  54  Ibs.  13  oz.  1 

day,  12137  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P. 
VALLEY  BEAUTY  3o,  4533  H.    De  Valk,  160  Neth. ;  Valley  Beauty,  4562  H.    Milk  9996  Ibs.  I  year,  P. 

Butter  13  Ibs.  8>a'  oz.  7  days,  P. 
VALLEY  BEAUTY  4TH,  6477  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Valley  Beauty,  4562  H.    Milk  5633  Ibs.  7 

months.    Butter  16  Ibs.  8J.<  oz.  7  days,  P. 

VALLEY  QUEEN,  851  H.    Imp.    Milk  38  Ibs.  11  oz.  1  day,  1085  Ibs.  9  oz.  30  days,  P. 
VAN  DER  GOOT,  .4456  F  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
VAN  DER  LEI  2o,  4496  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
VAN  DER  LEI  3o,  1722  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  18,803  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  year,  A.R..    Butter 

17  Ibs,  13  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

VAN  DER  LESSIJE,  2009  H.  F     Lincoln,  120  Neth,:  Paulina,  4288  Neth.    Milk  11,536  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 
VAN  DER  VALK,  11827  H.  F.    Alva,  415  F.  H.  B. ;  Van  der  Valk,  3229  F.  H.  B.    Milk  74  Ibs.  1   day,  P., 

441  Ibs.  10  days.  P. 

VAN  DER  VALK,  3229  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  74  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
VAN  FRIESLAND,  4986  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
VANITY,  4324  H.    Imp.    Milk  597  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
VASALINE,  15923  H.  F.     Fairmont  Tom,  2448  H.;  Nancy  Dewdrop,  5465  H.     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  298 

Ibs.  12  oz.  6  days,  P. 
VEEDER,  8429  H.  F.    Oscar,  584  F.  H.  B.;  Bleske,  1500  F.  H.  B.      Milk  51  Ibs.  1  day,  1405  Ibs.  30  days, 

P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 
VEEDERZAAM,  8257  H.  F.     Groote  Jan,  534  F.  H.  B. ;  Jeltje,  2230  F.  H.  B.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  390 

Ibs.  10  days,  A.R. 

VELLINGA,  362  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  67  Ibs  4  oz.  1  day,  12,459  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P. 
VENKTIA,  7934  H.    Imp.    Milk  1108  Ibs.  5  oz.  30  days,  P. 

VENEZUELA,  6674  H.  F.    Wilfred,  506  D.  F. ;  Nikosia,  1679  D.  F.    Butter  18  Ibs.  6?8'  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
VENIE,  1515  D.  F.    Geertje,  2330  F.  H.  B.;  Phillippus,  156  F.  H  B.  Butter  9  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
VENLOE  4TH,  5121  H.  F.     Pentaur,  3849  H. ;  Venice.  600  H.    Butter  16  Ibs.  12>£  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
VENUS,  875  H.    Imp.    Milk  51  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  1269  Ibs.  12  oz.  30  days,  P. 
VENUS  3o,  2398  H.    Storm  King,  626  H. ;  Venus,  875  H.    Milk  58  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
VENUS  4TH,  3753  H.    Iroquois,  1074  H. ;  Venus,  875  H.    Milk  38  Ibs.  1  day,  9198  Ibs.  8  oz.  270  days,  P. 


MILK   AND  BUTTER  RECORDS^  369 

VENUS  STH,  5095  H.  F.     Viking,  2062  H.;  Venus,  875  H.      Milk  8227  Ibs.  2  oz.  10  months  19  days,  P. 

Butter  14  Ibs.  9>£  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
VERA  L,  2936  H.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

VERBENA,  1600  H.    Anton,  642  H.;  Violet,  743  H.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
VERDA,  966  H.  F.    Bouwke  2d,  262  Neth.;  Grietje,  723  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
VERONA  NETHERLAND,  9160  H.  F.    Netherland  Duke,  1571  H.;  Leila  Promoter,  1744  H.  F.     Milk  40 

Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
VERO  NIKO  9621  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  day,  9833  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  P.     Butter  2  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  12 

Ibs.  13  oz.  7  days,  P. 

VERVAIN,  9049  H.    Imp.    Milk  78  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  19  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days. 
VERVAIN  2o,  759  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

VESTA,  1429  D.  F.    Rauward,  25  M.  R. ;  Rienks,  452  P.  R.    Butter  15  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
VKVIE,  666  H.    Imp.    Milk  9071  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P. 

VIANNA,  5195  H.  F.    Sancho,  3902  H. ;  Quantock,  7182  H.     Milk  8040  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  year,  P. 
VICTORIA  OP  SHADELAND,  2421  H.    Imp.    Milk  8099  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
VICTORIA  OF  SHADELAND,  10768  H.  F.    Netherland  Conqueror,  2476  H.;  Victoria  of  Shadeland,  2421 

H.    Milk  7132  Ibs.  4  oz.  8  months,  A.R. 
VIDETTE,  4268  H.    Imp.    Milk  78  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

VILLONIA,  8527  H.    Pierpont,  1352  H. ;  Veres,  4722  H.    Milk  35  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
VINCA,  6985  H.    Imp.    Milk  49  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 

VINETA,  473  H.    Hector,  107  H.;  Adelle,  68  H.    Milk  63  Ibs.  1  day,  8261  Ibs.  9  months,  P. 
VINNIE,  1637  H.    Imp.    Milk  92  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  24  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  P. 
VIOLET,  743  H.    Imp.    Milk  86  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  18,677  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  9  oz.  7 

days,  P. 
VIOLETA,  7396  H.    Billy  Boelyn,  189  H. ;  Violet,  743  H.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  9213  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  year,  P. 

Butter  15  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
VIOLET  BELLADONNA,  9389  H.    Wouter,  460  H.;  Violet,  743  H.    Milk  70  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  14,  504  Ibs.  1 

year.  P.    Butter  15  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
VIOLET  BELLADONNA  3o,  8013  H.  F.    Billy  Boelyn,  189  H. ;  Violet  Belladonna,  9389  H.    Milk  47  Ibs.  8 

oz.  1  day.    Butter  11  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  P. 

VIOLET  CYBELE.  770  H.  F.    Violet  Kins?,  4210  H. ;  Cybele,  5291  H.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
VIOLET  MUGGINS,  1265  H.  F.    Violet  King,  4210  H. ;  Muggins,  6098  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
VIOLET  NIN,  8017  H.  F.    Violet  King,  4210  H. ;  Nin.  8839  H.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
VIOLET  VERBENA,  9388  H.    Anton,  462  H. ;  Violet,  743  H.    Milk  69  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day.    Butter  12  Ibs.  5 

oz.  7  days,  P. 

VITA,  6149  H.    Imp.    Milk  86  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
VLEEL,  2947  H.  F.    Leip  2d,  2557  H. ;  Vleelgeefster  7th,  3223  H.    Milk  12,544  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R. 

Butter  22  Ibs.  '4'  oz.  7  days.  A.R. 
VLEEL  2o,  9753  H.  F.    Van  Kon  Friesland,  1949  H.  F.;  Vleel,  2947  H.  F.      Butter  15   Ibs.  U1A  oz.  7 

days,  A.R. 

VLEEL  GEEPSTER  7TH,  3223  H.    Imp.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
VOGEL,  4093  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

VOGEL  2o,  814  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  15,120  Ibs.  1  year,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
VOGELTJE,  800  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  5  S' oz.  1  day,  P. 

VOLINIA,  5603  H.    Imp.     Milk  50  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day.     Butter  13  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
VOLINIA  2o,  5102  H.  F.    Herder,  2331  H. ;  Volinia,  5603  H.    Milk  5283  Ibs.  4  oz.  9  months  25  days,    P. 

Butter  11  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

VORA,  14011  H.  F.    Sultano,  3496  H.  F. ;  Medora,  1033  H.    Milk  3099  Ibs.  9  oz.  3  months,  P. 
VREDA,  2259  H.    Imp.    Milk  6?  Ibs.  1  day,  1878  Ibs.  31  days,  P. 
VROUKJE,  2585  H.     Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
VROUWKJE,  129  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

WABUSCA,  7226  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,740  Ibs.  1  oz.  10  months,  P. 

WACONETA  2o,  5603  H.  F.    Armory,  3345  H. ;  Waconeta,  7235  H.    Butter  13  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 

WACONSTA,  4267  H.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. 

WADMANT.IE  7TH.  1308  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

WAIBOER'S  ANTJE  3o,  813  D.  F.    Cornelius,  185  Neth. ;  An'tje  2d,  1516  H.  F.    Milk  13,617  Ibs.  10  oz. 

10  months  25  days,  A.R. 

WAKALEE,  7239  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,579  Ibs.  1  oz.  10  months,  P. 
WAKAZOO,  4723  H.     Arlington,  477  H. :  Altje.  2566  H.     Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
WALMA,  1504  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
WALTHAM  MAID,  4987  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  2  oz.  1  day,  P. 

WANDA.  2283  H.    Imp.    Milk  304  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  16  Ibs.  15  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
WAPSIE  PRINCESS,  9249  H.  F.    Wapsie  Prince,  2990  H.  F. ;  Index,  987  H.     Butter  14  Ibs.  7%  oz.  7 

days,  P. 
WARDELL,  12033  H.  F.    Simsou,  30  Aux  F.  H.  B. ;  Pietje,  268  Aux  F.  H.  B.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  1179 

Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

WARGA,  5753  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

WARGA  BEAUTY,  6362  H.  Imp.  Milk  41  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day.  Butter  1  Ib.  12  oz  1  day,  P 
WASSENAAR,  3998  F.  H.  B.  Imp.  Milk  77  Ibs.  1  day,  11,679  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
WAUSAU,  7701  H.  Imp.  Milk  49  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 

WAVELET,  3369  H.    Dirk  Hatterick,  219  H. :  Wytske,  483  H.    Milk  7502  Ibs.  6  oz.  10  months,  A.R. 
WAVERLY,  5284  H.    Imp.    Milk  62  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

WAWONA  RAY,  7692  H.    Imp.    Milk  398  Ibs.  10  days.    Butter  1  Ib.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
WEA,  1348  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day.  P 

WEGDAL  RAY,  7685  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,690  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  15  Ibs.  7X  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
WEIBKJE,  11828  H.  F.    Alva,  415  F.  H.  B.;  Ketelaar,  3231  F.  H.  B.      Milk  41   Ibs.  1   day,  1194  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 

WEIGER,  232  D.  F.    Oosterzee,  15  M.R.:  Jantje,  5  A.R.    Milk  63  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  1240  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
WEIJER,  2311  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  63  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day  P. 

WELCOME,  1629  D.  F.     Hjerre,  225  F.  H.  B. ;  Emma.  1913  F.  H.  B.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
WELLFLEET,  12035  H.  F.    Johannes,  685  F.  H.  B. ;  Bonte  Tweeling,  4332  F.  H.  B.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day, 

1593  Ibs.  30  days,  P.     Butter  18  Ibs.  5  oz.  7  days,  P. 
WERRA,  3150  H.    Imp.    Milk  65  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
WESSELINA,  1022  H.    Imp.    Milk  68  Ibs.  1  day,  P 
WHISPER,  10137  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

27 


370  HOLSTEIN-PRIESIAN  CATTLE. 

WHISPER  3o,  6685  H.  F.    Gold  Foil,  1237  H. ;  Whisper,  10137  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
WHITE  TAIL.  1862  H.  F.    Lubbert,  3384  H. ;  Maartqui,  8624  H.    Milk  431  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
WIBBINA,  5170  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

WICHITA,  4941  H.    Dtrk  Hatterick,  219  H. ;  Dawn,  277  H.    Milk  8142  Ibs.  3  oz.  1  year. 
WIDE  AWAKE,  6875  H.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  12^  oz.  1  day,  P. 

WIDGEON,  5629  H.    Imp.    Milk  91  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  10,409  Ibs.  2  oz.  9  months  18  days,  A.R.     But- 
ter 19  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
WIEBE  2o,  3277  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
WIEBKJE,  11828  H.  F.    Alva,  415  F.  H.  B.;  Ketelaar,  3231  P.  H.  B.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  1194  Ibs.  30 

days,  P. 

WIEDMAN'S  TINETTE,  5670  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  63£  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 
WIEPKJK,  143  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
WIERSMA,  5622  H.    Imp.    Milk  73  Ibs.  31  oz.  1  day.  P. 
WIETSKE'S  PAPOOSE,  28810  H.  F.    Mondamin's  Barrington,  2433  H.  F.;  Wietske,  2573  H.    Milk  353 

Ibs.  6  oz.  7  days,  A.R.    Butter  15.6  Ibs  7  days,  A.R. 

WILD  ROSE,  987  H.    Imp.    Milk  35  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  1007  Ibs.  12  oz.  30  days,  P. 
WILD  ZWAAN,  478  H.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

WILHELMA  GOUDGELD,  41  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  9184  Ibs.  9  months,  5  days,  A.R. 
WILHELMINA,  739  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

WILLEMENKE,  7171  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  44  Ibs.  1  day,  426  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
WINANA,  4697  H.    Imp.    Butter  17  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
WINKLE,  667  H.    Imp.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
WINNABOWKEY,  7666  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
WINNEMISSITT,  7664  H.    Imp.    Milk  56  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 
WINNEMUCCA,  790  H.    Imp.    Milk  12,228  Ibs.  10  months  17  days,  P. 
WINNIE  HOMET.  d217  H.  F.    Mahomet,  289  H. ;  Wibbina,  5170  H.    Milk  46  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
WINSOME,  480  H.    Fifth  Prince  of  Orange,  243  H. ;  Berenice,  97  H.    Milk  45  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  7822 

Ibs.  8  oz.  333  days.  P. 

WINSOME  MAID.  4575  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  1504  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
WINSITM,  2261  H.    Imp.    Milk  9602  Ibs.  9  months  5  days,  P. 

WIRDUM,  9856  H.    Imp.    Milk  487  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  13  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
WISSAHIOKON,  4016  H.  F.    Netherland  King,  1924  H. ;  Lakeside  Edelia,  10009  H.    Milk  12,069  Ibs.  8 

oz.  1  year,  A.R. 

WISTERIA,  5343  H.    Imp.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

WISTERIA  2o,  6440  H.    Billy  Boelyn,  189  H. ;  Wisteria,  5343  H.    Milk  45  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
WITCH  OP  BROOKLAWN,  5948  H.    Meadow  Prince,  1154  H.;  Madame  Augusta,  2806  H.    Milk  62  Ibs.  1 

day,  P. 

WITHOOFD  2o,  1439  D.  F.    Withoofd,  District  Bull  of  Twisk.    Milk  75  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
WITKOP  2o,  266  D.  F.    Burg  Hartog,  3  M.  R. ;  Witkop,  75  M.  R.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day.    Butter  14  Ibs.  8 

oz.  7  days,  P. 
WITKOP  2o's  BEAUTY,  4287  H.  F.    Prince  of  Monroe,  1630  H. ;  Witkop  2d,  266  D.  F.    Milk  56  Ibs.  3 

oz.  1  day,  10,057  Ibs.  9  months  25  days,  P.    Butter  26  Ibs.  7  oz.  7  days,  P. 
WITSMUT,  91  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  77  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

WITTEVEEN,  1557  D.  F.    Excelsior,  266  Neth. :  Aaltje,  1095  Neth.    Butter  9  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
WITTOF,  675  H.    Imp.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  382  Ibs.  8  oz.  7  days,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  5>£  oz.     days,  A.R. 
WITTOF  2o,  1446  H.  F.    Don  Quixote,  1324  H. ;  Wittof ,  675  H.    Milk  56  Ibs.  10  oz.  1  day,  363  Ibs.  2  oz. 

7  days.    Butter  21  Ibs.  1  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
WITZYDE  SJOT,  18815  H.  F.    Tecumseh  Witzyde,  5967  H.  F.:  Sjut,  1009  D.  F.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day. 

Butter  15  Ibs.  7  days,  P. 
WONDER,  952  H.    Imp.    Milk  66  Ibs.  3  1-5  oz.  1  day,  P.;  7096  Ibs.  7  oz.  10  months,  A  R.    Butter  13 

Ibs.  12  %  oz.  7  days,  P. 
WOODBINE,  8686  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  10,717  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  year,  P.    Butter  12  Ibs.  15  oz. 

7  days,  A.R. 
WOODLAND  QUEEN,  7953  H.  F.    Inka's  Duke,  2580  H.    Milk  62  Ibs.  5  oz.  1  day,  P. ;  343  Ibs.  4  oz.  7 

days,  A.R.    Butter  15.4  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
WOPKE  2o,  3279  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  59  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
WOUTER,  6567  H.    Imp.    Milk  56  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  day,  P. 
WYDAAR,  8827  H.    Imp.    Milk  10,450  Ibs.  10  months.  24  days,  P. 
WYNTJE,  481  H.    Imp.    Milk  9534  Ibs.  324  days,  P. 
WYTHE  KEY,  7641  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  516  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 
WYTSE  LEE.  1632  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  22  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
WYTSKE,  483  H.    Imp.    Milk  11,907  Ibs.  13  oz.  9  months  19  days,  A.R. 

XALPHA,  9168  H.    Imp.    Milk  81  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

YAMPA  KEY,  7632  H.    Imp.    Milk  426  Ibs.  10  days,  P. 

YANKEE  GIRL,  7522  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  1692  Ibs.  12  oz.  27  days,  P. 

YAPHANK,  7629  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 

YARLAND,  8098  H.    Imp.    Milk  80  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  2157  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 

YENTJE  2o,  1446  D.  F.    De  Watergeus,  229  P.  R. ;  Yentie,  662  P.  R.      Milk  386  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days, 

10,848  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R.    Butter  16  Ibs.  7  days,  A.R. 
YERKA  MAYO,  7570  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

YETENNE,  7128  H.    Imp.    Milk  274  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days.    Butter  11  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. 
YINGST  KEY.  7610  H.    Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  1696  Ibs.  4  oz.  30  days,  A.R.    Butter  20  Ibs.  2  oz.  7 

days,  P. 

YLSTRA'S  HINKE  3o,  1357  T).  F.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P. ;  10,401  Ibs.  8  oz.  11  months  4  days,  A.R. 
YODH,  8168  H.  F.    Simon  3d,  1477  H.;  Dinah,  1892  H.    Milk  80  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
YONGE  GALIS,  8225  H.    Imp.    Milk  78  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
YOPHANK,  7629  H.    Imp.    Milk  45  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  P. 
YOTA  MAYO,  7572  H.    Imp.    Milk  89  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 
YOUNG  KEILWIER,  4982  H^   Imp.    Milk  61  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
YOUNG  NIEROP,  2514  H.    Imp.    Milk  78  Ibs.  10^  oz.  1  day,  P. 

YPSILANTE,  7597  H.    Imp.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  1550  Ibs.  1  month,  P.    Butter  18  Ibs.  3J»  oz.  7 days,  A.R. 
YPSILANTE  2o,  4582  H.  F.    Jacob,  608  H.;  Ypsilante,  7597  H.    Milk  56  Ibs.  1  day,  P.;  9719  Ibs.  12  oz. 

10  months,  A.R.    Butter  14  Ibs.  7%  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
YREKA  MAYO,  7570  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 


MILK  AND  BUTTER   RECORDS.  371 

YSDELL,  928  H.    Imp.  .  Milk  71  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

YTJE.  1628  H.    Imp.    Milk  78  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

YTJE  2n,  2272  H.    Claudius  Civilus,  6  F.  H.  B. ;  Ytje,  1628  H.    Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P, 

ZALEDA,  6105  H.  F.    Promoter,  1518  H.;  O\vandah,  8771  H.    Milk  10,742  Ibs.  1  year,  P. 

ZAPATO  MAYO,  7537  H.    Imp.    Milk  43  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day,  P. 

ZAPP  LIDA.  6365  H.    Lunter,  2664  H. ;  Zapp  Mayo,  7528  H.    Milk  48  Ibs.  1  day,  1224  Ibs.  1  mouth,  P. 

Butter  64  Ibs.  8  oz.  31  days,  P. 

ZARA,  7389  H.    Milk  3263  Ibs.  6  oz.  2  months,  A.R.    Butter  20  Ibs.  9  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ZARD  MAYO,  7527  H.    Imp.    Milk  57  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day.    Butter  15  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ZAZETTE,  6950  H.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  P. 
ZEDLAR  MAYO,  7530  H.    Imp.    Milk  48  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  day,  P. 

ZELIE,  3957  H.    Netherland  Prince,  716  H. ;  Czarina,  1837  H.    Milk  40  Ibs.  13  oz.  1  day,  P. 
ZELL  MAYO,  7524  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ZENNIA,  7171  H.  F.    McCullough,  3099  H.;  Corretta,  5111  H.    Milk  81  Ibs.  1  day,  2259  Ibs.  31  days,  P. 
ZEPHYR,  949  H.    Imp.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day,  8130  Ibs.  6  oz.  1  year,  P. 

ZERLINA,  484  H.    Eighth  Highland  Chief,  90  H. ;  Zuider  Zee  5th,  64  H.    Milk  64  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ZETTA,  2853  H.  F.     Klaas  Dekker,  4411  H. ;  Bariah,  10065  H.    Milk  32  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ZIBIAH,  10643  H.     Hamilton,  686  D.  F. ;  2d  Sethje  Veeman,  1906  D.  F.     Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  1438  Ibs. 

30  days,  P. 
ZIDDA,  2165  H.    Duplicate,  2326  H. ;  Kerkineer  2d,  3238  H.    Milk  404  Ibs.  10  days,  A.R.    Butter  10  Ibs. 

14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

ZIEWIE,  1406  H.    Imp.    Milk  60  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ZILLIE,  2166  H.     Duplicate,  2326  H.;  Grietje  Rauwerd.  5728  H.      Milk  400  Ibs.  8  oz.  10  days,  A.R. 

Butter  9  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 

ZILLIE'S  KONINGIN,  13501  H.  F.     Zillie,  2166  H.  F.     Butter  27  Ibs.  14  oz.  15  days,  A.R. 
ZINA  B,  5872  H.  F.    Major  J,  2442  H. ;  Zora  2d,  1412  H.     Butter  9  Ibs.  14  oz.  7  days,  A.R. 
ZINKA,  3042  H.    Imp.     Milk  84  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ZOBEIDEY,  3813  H.  F.    Groot  3d,  393  Neth. ;  De  Jong,  4109  Neth.    Milk  42  Ibs.  1  day.      Butter  9  Ibs.  3 

oz.  7  days,  P. 

ZOPHA,  1176  H.    Imp.    Milk  54  Ibs.  1  day,  1437  Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
ZORA  2o,  1412  H,    Imp     Milk  50  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ZORAYDA,  5705  H.  F.    Gilroy,  3079  H. ;  Afke  Lee,  5714  H.    Milk  474  Ibs.  12  oz.  10  days,  P.;  10,486  Ibs. 

10  months  14  days,  A.R. 
Zozo,  10260  H.     Endymion,  817  H. ;  Pauline  Paul,  2199  H.     Milk  83  Ibs.  1  oz.  1  day,  P.     Butter  25 

Ibs.  10>£  oz.  7  days,  104  Ibs.  12  oz.  1  year,  A.R. 

Zozo's  PRINCESS,  6320  H.  F.    Forster,  2771  H. ;  Zozo,  10260  H.    Butter  18  Ibs.  12  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ZUCK  MAYO,  7549  H.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ZUIDHOCKSTER,  546  B.  F.    Milk  9820  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R. 
ZUIDHOCKSTER  2o,  7144  H.     Imp.    Milk  6742  Ibs.  10  months,  A.R. 
ZULU  ZONG,  3097  H.    St.  Elmo,  714  H.;  Albarda,  1175  H.    Milk  867  Ibs.  10  days.    Butter,  28  Ibs.  5  oz. 

7  days,  A.R. 
ZUR  2o,  10437  H.  F.    Clink,  3481  H. ;  Zur,  9393  H.    Milk  338  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  A.R.     Butter  16.12  Ibs. 

7  days,  A.R. 

ZUURBIER  LASS,  3812  H.  F.    Groot  3d,  393  Neth.;  Zuurbier,  4107  Neth.    Milk  41  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ZWAAN,  234  H.    Imp.    Milk  71  Ibs.  4  oz.  1  day,  13,403  Ibs.  1  year.  P. 

ZWANTJE,  3743  H.    Imp.     Milk  89  Ibs.  1  day,  2110  Ibs.  30  days,  P.    Butter  19  Ibs.  2  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ZWART  BELSUMER,  7808  H.  F.    Doede,  563  F.  H.  B.;  Belsumer,  2915  F.  H.  B.     Milk  55  Ibs.  1  day,  1427 

Ibs.  30  days,  P. 
ZWARTE,  2034  H.    Imp.    Milk  70  Ibs.  1  clay,  500  Ibs.  250  days,  P.    Butter  IS)  Ibs.  4  oz.  7  days,  P. ;  38 

Ibs.  8  oz.  14  days,  P. 

ZWARTHAK,  5534  H.  F.    Imp.    Milk  72  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ZWARTHAH,  1647  F.  H.  B.    Imp.    Milk  76  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ZWARTJE.  4699  H.    Imp.    Milk  79  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 
ZWARTKOP,  690  H.    Imp.    Milk  12.370  Ibs.  10  months,  P. 
ZWARTSY,  2503  H.    Imp.    Milk  79  Ibs.  1  day,  2483  Ibs.  2  o/.  30  days,  A.R. 
ZWARTSY'S  NETHERLAND,  9340  H.  F.    Duke  Netherland,  1271  H. ;  Zwartsy;  2503  H.    Milk  42  Ibs.  8  oz. 

1  day,  P. 
ZWATKOF,  2025  H.  F.    Jacob,  215  Neth. ;   De  Zwartkop,  4265  Neth.     Milk   10,289  Ibs.  11  months  21 

days,  P. 

ZWELLE,  10852  H.     Tell,  128  D.  F.;  Auke,  364  D.  F.     Milk  11,474  Ibs.  13  oz  1  year  P 
ZWELLO,  10853  H.  F.    Tell,  128  D.  F. ;  Auke,  364  D.  F.     Milk  7481  Ibs.  15  oz.  10  months,  P. 
ZWEN,  10854  H.  F.    Tell,  128  D.  F.;  Vellinga,  362  D.  F.    Milk  10,701  Ibs.  10  oz  1  year  P 
ZWIGUM  BEAUTY,  6372  H.    Imp.    Milk  55  Ibs.  8  oz.  1  day  .    Butter  14  Ibs.  0'3X  oz.  7  days,  P. 
ZWOBKJE,  135  D.  F.    Imp.    Milk  40  Ibs.  1  day,  P. 

ZYP  3D,  4740  H.    .Tohannus,  428  H. ;  Zyp  2d,  1231  H.     Milk  49  Ibs.  1  day,  7205  Ibs.  9  months,  P. 
/YP  3o  A,  9117  H.  F.     Hilda's  Empire.  3562  H. ;  Zyp  3d,  4740  H.     Milk  6219  Ibs.  9  months,  P. 
ZYP  3o  B.    Mooike  2d's  Clarion,  1995  H.;  Zyp  3d,  4740  H.    Milk  6588  Ibs  96  days  P 


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